Search

Empathy may play a role in the development and maintenance of social anxiety, but the relationship between empathy and social anxiety in children remains unclear. The present study investigated the relationships between the three constructs of empathy (i.e., cognitive empathy, positive empathy, and negative empathy) and social anxiety in childhood, examined the moderating role of mother-child conflict and peer rejection and explored gender differences in the moderating effects. The participants were 670 children aged 9 and 12 years and their mothers. Children completed self-reports of empathy and social anxiety, mothers reported mother-child conflict, and peer rejection was measured using peer nomination. Cognitive empathy and positive empathy were negatively associated with social anxiety, and negative empathy was positively associated with social anxiety. The positive effects of high positive empathy on social anxiety existed only in children with low mother-child conflict and low peer rejection. The positive effects of high cognitive empathy on social anxiety were found only in girls with low peer rejection. The results of this study indicate that different constructs of empathy may increase or decrease the risk of social anxiety in children, and a negative interpersonal environment may offset the positive effects of empathy on social anxiety., Author(s): Dan Cui [sup.1] , Lisha Liu [sup.2] , Bingying Wei [sup.1] , Yanfang Li [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/022k4wk35, grid.20513.35, 0000 0004 1789 9964, Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment [...]

ObjectiveTo understand the contamination and drug resistance characteristics of non-typhoidal Salmonella （NTS） during pig slaughter.MethodsA total of 170 carcasses and environmental samples were collected from two large-scale pig slaughterhouses in May and August 2021 in Shandong Province， China. Whole genome sequencing （WGS） combined with bioinformatics was used to analyze the data of the NTS isolates.ResultsNTS was detected in 29 of 170 pork samples， detection rate was 17.1%. Salmonella typhimurium was the predominant serotype （58.6%， 17/29） in the samples. The results of the drug sensitivity analysis showed that 29 NTS strains had 15 drug resistance spectra， with the highest rate of tetracycline resistance （100.0%， 29/29）， followed by ampicillin and chloramphenicol （79.3%， 23/29）. The multidrug resistance rate was 86.2% （25/29 patients）. Multilocus sequence typing （MLST） showed that ST19 was the main type， accounting for 48.3% （14/29） of cases. Analysis of drug resistance genes showed that they carried mainly tet（A）， tet（B）， tet（M）， blaTEM-1B， blaCMY-97， floR， cmlA1， etc.ConclusionThe phenomenon of NTS contamination exists in some pig slaughterhouses in Shandong Province. NTS has shown resistance to multiple antibiotics， suggesting that attention should be paid to the prevention of NTS in pig slaughterhouses.

Objective: To investigate the toxin-encoding genes and antibiotic susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from retail vegetables consumed raw. Methods: The 27 S. aureus isolates from tomato, lettuce, spinach and cabbage collected from supermarkets, farmers’ markets and vendors in Xi’an, Baoji, Hanzhong and Yan’an of Shaanxi province were identified by PCR amplification of the nuc gene, the prevalence of 19 toxin-encoding genes and 12 antibiotic resistance encoding genes in these isolates was evaluated, and the antibiotic susceptibility to 14 antibiotics was determined by the agar dilution method. Results: Seventeen of these isolates were identified as methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) and the remaining 10 isolates were identified as oxacillin-susceptible methicillin-resistant S. aureus (OS-MRSA). A total of eight toxin-encoding genes were detected in the 27 isolates, and the detection rate (29.6%, 8/27) of sec was highest. In addition, 51.9% (14/27) of these isolates carried at least one toxin-encoding gene, and nine toxin-encoding gene profiles were totally identified. Seven antibiotic resistance genes including blaZ, mecA, ermC, tetK, dfrG, dfrK, and aac(6’)/aph(2”) were detected. The isolates were all susceptible to oxacillin, rifampicin and vancomycin. Resistance to amoxicillin/clavulanate was most commonly detected, followed by trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ampicillin, erythromycin, cefoxitin, ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, gentamicin, amikacin, tetracycline and chloramphenicol. Twenty-four (88.9%) isolates were resistant to three or more antibiotics. Conclusion: OS-MRSA is prevalent in vegetables consumed raw in Shaanxi province, and it has multiple antibiotic resistances and carries multiple toxin-encoding gens, posing a potential food safety hazard.

Group B Streptococcus （GBS） is an important opportunistic pathogen that exists in a variety of animals and can infect humans， mainly causing a variety of invasive diseases in pregnant women and newborns. ST283 is a sequence type of GBS that has been found from freshwater fish cultured in Southeast Asia in recent years， and has attracted widespread attention because this type of GBS is suggested to cause food-related invasive diseases in human. As a major country in freshwater fish farming and consumption， China still needs to pay attention although no relevant cases have been reported in the inland. This paper elaborates on the available information on GBS ST283 in various countries to provide reference for the development of GBS monitoring and evaluation criteria in China.

This paper presents an educational, experimental research design, aiming at examining the effect of "PAD + microlectures" EAP teaching model on Chinese undergraduates' critical thinking development. It mainly analyzes this experiment from four aspects: research question and hypotheses, difficulties in key term definitions and selection of measuring instruments, potential risks of the design, as well as the challenge of ethics. Such a methodological analysis shows that educational experiments should follow the disciplines of objectivity, feasibility, maneuverability, effectiveness, and innovation.

The history of the establishment of foodborne disease outbreak monitoring system in the United States was introduced and the surveillance data of foodborne disease outbreaks in the United States from 2011 to 2017 were analyzed and compared with that in China. It was found that there were obvious differences in the characteristics of surveillance data of foodborne disease outbreaks between China and the United States in the same period， and microbial pathogenic factors were the main cause of foodborne disease outbreaks. Facing the challenges of global trade integration and post epidemic era of COVID-19， China’s foodborne disease outbreak monitoring system should accelerate the use of new technologies to improve the ability of identification and early warning， and foodborne disease outbreak data results should further play the technical support role in the formulation of relevant food safety management measures in China.

ObjectiveTo analyze the risk factors and links of pork consumption behavior in the family scene， the current situation of pork purchase， transportation， storage， cooking and other related consumption behaviors of residents' families were investigated.MethodsA random sampling survey was conducted to investigate the main buyers and cookers of pork in households from September to November 2020 in Sichuan， Hunan and Guangxi， the major pork production and consumption provinces. Through face-to-face inquiry， the demographic characteristics， pork purchase， transportation， storage， cooking and cutting board tool cleaning methods of 480 respondents were obtained. The current situation of pork consumption behavior and food safety risks of residents' families were analyzed.ResultsMost of the respondents were women （84.2%， 404/480）， aged 45 and above （78.1%， 375/480）. In the processing of purchase and transportation， 56.0% （269/480） of the respondents only bought pork in the vegetable market， and rural residents were more willing to buy pork in the vegetable market than urban residents （P

Qualitative research strategy has been widely adopted by educational researchers in order to improve the quality of their empirical studies. This paper aims to introduce a generic inductive approach, pragmatic and flexible in qualitative theoretical support, by describing its application in a study of non-English major undergraduates' English learning transition from school to university in China. Through an analysis of how this case study was conducted, the main features of the generic inductive approach are discussed in detail. Subsequently, some suggestions for its effective use are put forward so that this approach can help to provide meaningful interpretive power to make sense of the findings in educational research.