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159 results on '"Liu, K. ‐ M."'

1. Optical Properties of Amorphous Silicon Quantum Dots(a-Si QDs) with various dot size using Extended H\'uckel Theory

Author

Liu, K. M. and Setianto

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Physics - Physics Education
Abstract

A high quality amorphous silicon (a-Si) nanostructures has grown experimentally to study the origin of light emission and the quantum confinement effect in a-Si. The quantum confinement effect increases the band gap of material as the size of quantum structure decreases, which results in a blue shift in optical luminescence and energy absorption. Here we demonstrate this effect using extended H\"uckel method to calculate fundamental band gap and optical absorption energy of a-Si samples with various dot sizes. As result, when the dot size was decreased from 2.2 to 1.0 nm, the absorption spectra peak shifted toward higher energy from 2.278 eV to 3.856 eV.

Published
2016

4. Spin incoherent transport in density-modulated quantum wires

Author

Liu, K. M., Lin, H. I., Umansky, V., and Hsu, S. Y.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

Density, temperature and magnetic field dependences on electron transport in a quantum wire were studied. Decrease of carrier density gives a negative conductance correction on the first plateau at low temperatures. The prominent and mysterious "0.7 structure" is more clearly resolved at low densities. The thermal behavior of the conductance follows the predictions of the spin-incoherent transport. The 0.7 structure at a low density drops to $e^2/h$ in a smaller in-plane magnetic field. The features are qualitatively consistent with the theoretical predictions and provide evidence for the existence of Wigner Crystal in low density quantum wires., Comment: 4 figures

Published
2009

10. Karakteristik dan Struktur Elektronik Bahan Semikoduktor ZnO-Quantum Dot (ZnO-QD)

Author

Aswad H S, Liu K M, and Setianto Setianto

Abstract

Zinc Oxide (ZnO) merupakan bahan semikonduktor yang berupa senyawa inorganik. ZnO memiliki potensi aplikasi sebagai sensor cahaya, laser dioda, transistor film tipis transparan, dan LED (Light Emitting Diode). Celah energi pada ZnO dapat ditingkatkan dengan memperkecil ukuran partikel dan dikenal sebagai ZnO Quantum-Dot(ZnO-QD). Perhitungan celah energi ZnO-QD dengan variasi ukuran klaster ZnO dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode extended Hückel. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa semakin kecil ukuran klaster ZnO maka celah energi yang dihasilkan semakin besar.

Published
2017

14. An updated revision of shortfin mako size distributions in the Atlantic

Author

Coelho, Rui, Domingo, A., Courtney, D., Cortés, E., Arocha, F., Liu, K-M, Yokawa, K., Yasuko, S., Hazin, Fábio H. V., Bowlby, H., Abid, N., Rosa, D., and Lino, Pedro

Subjects
Shortfin mako, Spatial distribution, Size distribution, Sex ratios
Abstract

As part of an ongoing cooperative program for fisheries and biological data collection within the ICCAT Sharks Working Group, information collected by fishery observers and scientific projects from several fishing nations in the Atlantic were analyzed. Datasets included information on geographic location, size and sex. A total of 42,979 shortfin mako records collected between 1989 and 2017 were compiled. Sizes considered ranged between 60 and 353 cm FL (fork length). Of those, sex information was available for 24,316 specimens. Considerable variability was observed in the size distribution by region and season, with larger sizes tending to occur in equatorial and tropical regions and smaller sizes in higher latitudes. Variability between coastal and more oceanic waters is also likely. Most fleets showed unimodal distributions, but in some cases there were bimodal patterns. The distributional patterns presented in this study provide an advance in the understanding of shortfin mako size distribution in the Atlantic, and can be used in the next update of the ICCAT shortfin mako stock assessment. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Published
2018

19. Distribution pattern of the blue shark (Prionace glauca) in the Atlantic Ocean from observer data of the major fishing fleets

Author

Coelho, R. (Rui), Mejuto-García, J. (Jaime), Domingo, A. (Andrés), Liu, K. M. (Kwang-Ming), Cortés, E. (Enric), Yokawa, K. (Kotaro), Hazin, F. (Fabio), Arocha, F. (Freddy), Silva, C. (Charlene), García-Cortés, B. (Blanca), Ramos-Cartelle, A. (Ana), Lino, P.G. (Pedro G.), Forselledo, R. (Rodrigo), Mas, F. (Federico), Ohshimo, S. (Seiji), Carvalho, F. (Felipe), and Santos, M.N. (Miguel Neves)

Subjects
Blue shark, catch-at-size, spatial distribution, size composition, size distribution, sex ratios, spatial models, Pesquerías, Centro Oceanográfico de A Coruña
Abstract

The blue shark is the most captured shark in pelagic longline fisheries targeting tunas and swordfish. As part of an ongoing cooperative program for fisheries and biological data collection , information collected by fishery observers and scientific Project from several fishing nations in the Atlantic (EU.Spain, EU.Portugal, Uruguay, Taiwán, USA, Japan, Brasil, Venezuela and South Africa) were analyzed. Datasets include information on geographic location, size and sex. A total of 414428 blue sharks records collected between 1992 and 2014 were compiled, with the sizes ranging from 36 to 394 cm FL (fork length). Considerable variability was observed in the size distribution by región and season, with larger sizes tending to ocsur in equatorial and tropical regions and smaller sizes in higher latitudes. The expected distribution of juvenile and adult specimens also showed considerable variability, and the sex ratios varied between regions and sizes classes. The distributional patterns presented in this study provide a better understanding of different aspects of this species in the Atlantic that can help to promote more informed managemente and conservation measures.

Published
2016

22. Effect of Anchoring Groups on the Conduction Properties of Terphenyl Molecules Connected to Copper Leads.

Author

Setianto, Aswad, S. H., and Liu, K. M.

Subjects
ELECTRIC conductivity, TERPHENYL, SULFUR, NITROGEN, GREEN'S functions, DENSITY functionals, AMINES
Abstract

We report equilibrium and non-equilibrium conductance of terphenyl molecules with different anchoring groups including sulfur and nitrogen atom. The corresponding molecules are terphenyl-dithiols (TPDT) and diamino-terphenyl (DATP). The non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) technique has been implemented on the density functional tight-binding (DFTB) code to perform computations of the electronic transport properties of molecular devices. The NEGFs are used to compute the electronic density self-consistently with open boundary condition naturally encountered in transport problem which is imposed by the potentials at the contacts. As result, the value of the molecular conductance with amine groups is higher about ten times than the thiol anchored group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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27. Solving stochastic partial differential equations based on the experimental data

Author

Babuska, I., Liu, K. M., Tempone, Raul, Babuska, I., Liu, K. M., and Tempone, Raul

Abstract

We consider a stochastic linear elliptic boundary value problem whose stochastic coefficient a(x, omega) is expressed by a finite number N-KL of mutually independent random variables, and transform this problem into a deterministic one. We show how to choose a suitable N-KL which should be as low as possible for practical reasons, and we give the a priori estimates for modeling error when a(x, omega) is completely known. When a random function a(x, omega) is selected to fit the experimental data, we address the estimation of the error in this selection due to insufficient experimental data. We present a simple model problem, simulate the experiments, and give the numerical results and error estimates., QC 20100525

Published
2003
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41. Reproductive biology of the Japanese butterfish, Psenopsis anomala, in the waters off southwestern Taiwan.

Author

Wu, C.-C., Su, W.-C., Liu, K.-M., Weng, J.-S., and Wu, L.-J.

Subjects
FISH research, STROMATEIDAE, ANOMALA, FISH spawning, FISH populations, BODY weight, FISHERY management
Abstract

Summary The dramatic decline in annual yield of the Japanese butterfish, Psenopsis anomala, in southwestern Taiwan over the past decade suggests that this stock might have been overexploited. However, its fishery biology and stock status is poorly understood. This study therefore provides the first information on P. anomala reproductive biology based on 983 specimens collected by small trawlers in southwestern Taiwan waters between February 1999 and February 2000. The sex ratio, 0.44 (431/983), differed significantly from 0.5 and females predominated in fork length above 180 mm. The relationships between body weight (BW) and fork length (FL) were estimated as BW = 1.62 × 10−4 × FL2.637 ( r2 = 0.74; n = 430, P < 0.01) for females and BW = 1.28 × 10−4 × FL2.671 ( r2 = 0.82; n = 552, P < 0.01) for males. Oocytes were mature at 0.5 mm in diameter or larger, and transparent eggs were found at diameters of 0.85 mm. Mean fecundity was estimated at 171 900 ± 61 700 and fecundity ( F) was found to increase exponentially with gonad weight (GW) F = 5.4967GW0.511 (n = 132, r2 = 0.74). Mean batch fecundity was estimated to be 83 400 ± 44 600, and relative fecundity from 377 to 2588 (mean 1040) per gram body weight. Logistic curves describing the relationship between proportion of maturity (Pr) at each length interval and fork length were estimated as Pr = 1/(1 + e11.4194−0.0749FL) ( r2 = 0.99, n = 351) for females and Pr = 1/(1 + e11.5113−0.0732FL) ( r2 = 0.99, n = 258) for males. Size at 50% maturity was estimated as 15.7 and 15.3 cm FL for females and males, respectively. A multi-spawning pattern was observed in the Japanese butterfish whereby it spawns throughout the year with a peak from February to July. A seasonal closure from April to July (spawning season for most fish species) can provide better breeding opportunities for adults and is believed to be a good fishery management measure for this species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012
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43. TAU METHOD APPROXIMATE SOLUTION OF HIGH-ORDER DIFFERENTIAL EIGENVALUE PROBLEMS DEFINED IN THE COMPLEX PLANE, WITH AN APPLICATION TO ORR-SOMMERFELD STABILITY EQUATION.

Author

Liu, K. M. and Ortiz, E. L.

Subjects
BESSEL functions, DIFFERENTIAL equations, NUMERICAL integration, EIGENVALUES, MATRICES (Mathematics), HARMONIC analysis (Mathematics)
Abstract

Recent new formulations of the Tau method have made it possible to apply it to a variety of new problems. In this paper we consider the numerical estimation of complex eigenvalues of high-order differential equations by using the Tau method. The example considered is Orr-Sommerfeld's stability equation, for which there is a considerable literature on high-accuracy numerical estimations. Our numerical results compare favorably with the most accurate ones reported in the recent literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1987
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48. Sex Determination by Discriminant Function Analysis of Lateral Radiographic Cephalometry

Author

Hsiao, T-H, Chang, H-P, and Liu, K-M

Abstract

The present work is an attempt to develop a new method to determine sex from the skull with lateral radiographic cephalometry and discriminant function analysis. The superciliary ridges, frontal sinuses, external occipital protuberance, and mastoid processes were adopted as objects of lateral radiographic cephalometric measurements. With discriminant functions created from 18 established cephalometric variables, a total of 100 cases were classified into two sexual groups with 100% accuracy in a random sample of Taiwanese adults. Therefore, we may obtain a much greater reliability of sex determination from skulls according to this newly developed technique.

Published
1996
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49. Varietal Resistance to Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae in Guangdong, China

Author

Wu, S. Z., Hsu, S. M., Chen, F. K., Choi, L. C., and Liu, K. M.

Subjects
China, Guangdong, Varietal Resistance, Xanthomonas campestris
Abstract

This article 'Varietal Resistance to Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae in Guangdong, China' appeared in the International Rice Research Newsletter series, created by the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The primary objective of this publication was to expedite communication among scientists concerned with the development of improved technology for rice and for rice based cropping systems. This publication will report what scientists are doing to increase the production of rice in as much as this crop feeds the most densely populated and land scarce nations in the world.

Published
1981
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50. Measurement of the adhesion between single melamine-formaldehyde resin microparticles and a flat fabric surface using AFM

Author

Liu, K. M., Preece, J. A., York, D., Bowen, J., Zhang, Z., Liu, K. M., Preece, J. A., York, D., Bowen, J., and Zhang, Z.

Abstract

An understanding of the adhesion of microparticles, particularly microcapsules, containing a functional component to a fabric surface is crucial to an effective application of this component to the fibre. Fabric surface is very rough; hence, direct measurement of the adhesion of single microparticles to surfaces with a roughness greater than the particle diameter is difficult. In the study reported here, cotton films were generated by dissolving cotton powder in an organic solvent and their properties including surface roughness, thickness, contact angle and purity were characterised. The adhesive forces between single melamineformaldehyde (MF) resin microparticles and a cotton film under ambient conditions with a relative humidity of above 40% were measured using atomic force microscopy; they are considered to be dominated by capillary forces. It was found that there was little adhesion between a MF microparticle and a cotton film in an aqueous solution of sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate as surfactant. Repulsion between them was observed, but it reduced with increase in the surfactant concentration and decrease in the pH of the solution. The repulsion contributions are thought to originate mainly from electrostatic repulsion. It is believed that the studies on the adhesion between single MF microparticles and a cotton film under ambient conditions or dispersed in surfactant solutions, are beneficial to the attempts to enhance the adhesion of microcapsules to fabric surfaces via a modification of their surface composition and morphology.

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