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The problem of food-borne illnesses due to microbial contamination of infant and young children foods is usually of international concern， and the unique character of the infant and young child population requires special and strict food safety requirements for their own foods. This article reviews the progress of contamination with Salmonella and Cronobacter （Enterobacter sakazakii） of Enterobacteriaceae family in foods for infants and young children and its diseases risk at home and abroad in recent years， and also provides technical support for the revision of national standards for infant and young children foods and its manufacturing processes in China through the comparative analysis of domestic and international microbiological limits for infant and young children foods.

ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemiological characteristics of tetrodotoxin poisoning events in China from 2011 to 2020 and provide a scientific basis for precise measures to prevent and control tetrodotoxin poisoning.MethodsDescriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of tetrodotoxin poisoning incidents reported through the National Foodborne Disease Outbreak Monitoring System from 2011 to 2020.ResultsFrom 2011 to 2020， 92 cases of tetrodotoxin poisoning reports were received through the National Foodborne Disease Outbreak Monitoring System； 339 people were poisoned and 15 were dead， with a case fatality rate of 4.4%. Tetrodotoxin poisoning was mainly concentrated in the coastal areas of China. The food carriers of tetrodotoxin included pufferfish （71.7%， 66/92）， dried pufferfish （13.0%， 12/92）， Nassariidae （7.6%， 7/92）， horseshoe crabs （5.4%， 5/92）， and Acentrogobius nebulosus （2.2%， 2/92）. Each year， a high incidence of poisoning occurs from March to April.ConclusionTo effectively prevent and control tetrodotoxin poisoning， it is necessary to establish a method for detecting tetrodotoxins in biological samples， improve the ability to identify the pathogenic factors of tetrodotoxin poisoning， strengthen the supervision and popularization of science in the circulation process， and change the dietary habits of people who eat wild pufferfish.

ObjectiveTo obtain the occurrence time and regional distribution characteristics， place of occurrence， high-risk food and risk factors， the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne disease outbreaks caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus from 2010 to 2020 in China’s Mainland was analyzed.MethodsThe data of foodborne disease outbreaks caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus were collected from China disease outbreak surveillance system from 2010 to 2020 were analyzed statistically.ResultsFrom 2010 to 2020， a total of 1 772 outbreaks of foodborne diseases caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus were reported， with a total of 27 212 cases， 5 944 hospitalized cases and 2 deaths. The peak time was from July to September. The incidence in developed areas （28.8 cases/million people） was higher than that in underdeveloped areas （8.2 cases/million people）， and the incidence in coastal areas （31.7 cases/million people） was higher than that in inland areas （9.2 cases/million people）. The main causes were aquatic food （61.2%） and meat （25.3%）. Hotels and restaurants accounted for 49.6% of the total. The main contamination links were incomplete cooking of aquatic food and raw and cooked cross-contamination of ready-to-eat meat and vegetable food.ConclusionIn order to reduce the risk of foodborne diseases caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus， it is important to strengthen the supervision of processing and storage of aquatic food and meat in catering service places.

ObjectiveAnalysis of the epidemiological and spatio-temporal clustering of aconite poisoning incidents in China from 2010 to 2020 was performed to provide a reference for the development of precise prevention and control measures and the construction of an early warning system.MethodsCollection of reports of aconite poisoning incidents in surveillance data from 2010 to 2020 with descriptive analysis and spatio-temporal scan analysis was performed.ResultsFrom 2010 to 2020， a total of 380 outbreaks of aconite poisoning with 1 889 illnesses and 75 deaths were reported in China， with a case fatality rate of 3.97% （75/1 889）. The highest number of outbreaks occurred from October to December with 787 cumulative illnesses， accounting for 41.66% （787/1 889） of all cases. More than 86.84% （330/380） of the outbreaks occurred in Yunnan Province and households accounted for 90.26% （343/380） of all outbreak locations. Improper processing resulting in 171 outbreaks， accounting for 45.00% （171/380）. The results of the spatio-temporal scan showed a total of five agglomerative regions， including a category one agglomeration centered in Kunming， Yunnan Province， with an agglomeration period from June 2015 to November 2020， as well as four second-class aggregation areas， including 20 municipalities.ConclusionWe should focus on prevention and control in areas with clusters of aconite poisoning， and publicize and popularize high-risk consumption methods to raise awareness on protection and reduce the occurrence of poisoning incidents before the arrival of the high months.

ObjectiveTo analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rural banquet foodborne disease outbreaks in China from 2010 to 2020 and provide a reference for formulating rural banquet foodborne disease prevention and control measures.MethodsData on foodborne disease outbreaks in rural banquet reported in the China Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System from 2010 to 2020 were statistically analyzed.ResultsFrom 2010 to 2020， a total of 1 421 foodborne disease outbreaks were reported in rural banquets， with 31 078 cases， 64 deaths， a fatality rate of 0.21%， and an average of 22 cases per outbreak. The overall incidence showed an upward trend. The top five provinces in China were Yunnan Province， Jiangsu Province， Hu’nan Province， Sichuan Province and Anhui Province， with 728 reports accounting for 51.23% （728/1 421）. The time distribution was mainly concentrated in the second and third quarters of the year. According to the analysis of pathogenic factors， pathogenic microorganisms， such as Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Salmonella， had the highest number of cases. The disease factor causing the highest number of deaths was methanol， followed by aconitine plants， toadstools， and toxic wild honey. Meat （livestock meat， poultry meat） and aquatic products such as crustaceans， mollusks and fish were the main causes of foodborne diseases.ConclusionBased on the high incidence areas， high incidence seasons， main pathogenic factors and causes of foodborne diseases in rural banquets in China， effective measures were implemented， focusing on monitoring and management to successfully prevent and control the occurrence of such diseases.