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This paper studied that KLEIN} implementation had less area and high throughout rate. According to the characteristics of the substitution, S-box transformation used 16 X 16 pre-stored permutation table so that lookup efficiency could be achieve 0 (1) . It used positive edge of the clock to control key generation. It could send key at the falling edge of the same clock cycle. This could make the area optimized and achieve high throughput rate without waiting for the next clock edge. It put S-box and key-expansion in the module. The module used the continuous assignment. It could reduce the number of register. It integrated S-box,Byte-substitution, ShiftRow, Tab, MixColumn, key-expansion into a module which could reduces the algorithm computation overhead and area. Experiments show that throughput rate can reach 6. 55 Gbps on the Xilinx Virtex 5. The area of optimized KLEIN} only occupies 10277 slices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neuropathic pain (NP) is a common clinical refractory pain for which there are limited methods to treat. In this article, based on typical diseases, such as postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), trigeminal neuralgia, complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), lower back pain with radiculopathy and failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS), phantom pain, the general treatment principle and method for NP are expatiated. Interventional methods for NP, including intraspinal block, radiofrequeney rhizotomy of trigeminal neuralgia, selective nerve root block, spinal cord stimulation (SCS) and motor cortex stimulation (MCS) are introduced, especially their indications, complications and matters needing attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using TDS-6 microseismic monitoring system, through the in-situ blasting analogical test in roadway, the action effects of shock wave on roadway surrounding rock and the response characteristics in different sections were studied. The results show that, 1 The shock wave attenuates exponentially as E = E0e-nl with the distance increase to seismic source, that is , the explosion shocks violently at the beginning and attenuates quickly, the amplitude decreases significantly after 20 meters and becomes very weak after 30 meters; 2 The response characteristics of roadway surrounding rock differ significantly in different locations of the same section, that is, the floor is suffered most seriously, the two sides take the second place, and the roof and the humeral angles are the worst. It shows that rock burst just have destructive effect on the coal rock near to the seismic source, and on the same section but different locations the characteristics of the response to the shock wave in roadway surrounding rock is different. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To investigate the damaging effect of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) on cancer cells and the inhibitory effect on tumor growth., Methods: Murine H22 hepatic cancer cells were treated with HIFU at the same intensity for different lengths of time and at different intensities for the same length of time in vitro, the dead cancer cells were determined by trypan blue staining. Two groups of cancer cells treated with HIFU at the lowest and highest intensity were inoculated into mice. Tumor masses were removed and weighed after 2 wk, tumor growth in each group was confirmed pathologically., Results: The death rate of cancer cells treated with HIFU at 1 000 W/cm2 for 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 s was 3.11+/-1.21%, 13.37+/-2.56%, 38.84+/-3.68%, 47.22+/-5.76%, 87.55+/-7.32%, and 94.33+/-8.11%, respectively. A positive relationship between the death rates of cancer cells and the length of HIFU treatment time was found (r = 0.96, P<0.01). The death rate of cancer cells treated with HIFU at the intensity of 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1 000 W/cm2 for 8 s was 26.31+/-3.26%, 31.00+/-3.87%, 41.97+/-5.86%, 72.23+/-8.12%, 94.90+/-8.67%, and 99.30+/-9.18%, respectively. A positive relationship between the death rates of cancer cells and the intensities of HIFU treatment was confirmed (r = 0.98, P<0.01). The cancer cells treated with HIFU at 1 000 W/cm2 for 8 s were inoculated into mice ex vivo. The tumor inhibitory rate was 90.35% compared to the control (P<0.01). In the experimental group inoculated with the cancer cells treated with HIFU at 1 000 W/cm2 for 0.5 s, the tumor inhibitory rate was 22.9% (P<0.01). By pathological examination, tumor growth was confirmed in 8 out of 14 mice (57.14%, 8/14) inoculated with the cancer cells treated with HIFU at 1 000 W/cm2 for 8 s, which was significantly lower than that in the control (100%, 15/15, P<0.05)., Conclusion: HIFU is effective on killing or damage of H22 hepatic cancer cells in vitro and on inhibiting tumor growth in mice ex vivo.

Objective: To investigate the killing effect of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) on human tumor cells and study the mechanism of its action., Methods: Human breast cancer cells MCF-7 were treated with different intensity of HIFU in vitro and incubated. The killing effect and proliferation inhibition effect of HIFU on tumor cells were investigated with the methods of trypan blue exclusion assay, MTT assay and colony formation assay. And the cell cycle, apoptotic cells and the expressions of P53, BCL-2, FAS and HSP70 were measured with flow cytometry., Results: After HIFU treatment, the death rates of cancer cell increased, the proliferation of cell waned (P < 0.05), the number of colony formation decreased (P < 0.001), the cell number increased in G0/G1 phase (P < 0.05) and decreased in S phase, the apoptotic indices increased (P < 0.01), the expression of HSP70 was enhanced, and no significant changes of P53, BCL-2, FAS expressions were found (P > 0.05)., Conclusion: HIFU produces significant effects such as killing, proliferation inhibition and colony formation inhibition on human breast cancer cells; its mechanism of action may be associated with the inhibition of DNA synthesis. In addition, HIFU treatment can induce apoptotic cell death, which may not be associated with the mediation and regulation of P53, BCL-2 and FAS genes.