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Cavernous sinus thrombosis is a rare and often forgotten complication after dental extraction. Patients who have a compromised immune system may have more significant morbidity and decreased survivability in cavernous sinus infections. In this report, we discuss a 50-year-old male who developed systemic symptoms eight days after an upper molar extraction and was found unconscious by his wife. The patient was brought into the emergency department for intensive treatment. At presentation, the patient displayed proptosis of the right eye, conjunctival chemosis, erythema of the right eyelid extending down to the right cheek and partial ophthalmoplegia. Computed tomography (CT) scans revealed cavernous sinus thrombosis and superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis. The patient was admitted under the intensive care unit, accumulated suppuration was surgically drained and intravenous antibiotics and heparin infusions were given. After a prolonged admission in the hospital, involving many complications, the patient made a full recovery. Sharing this case report allows further education on possible complications of routine dentistry within the greater dental community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Bronchiectasis is a serious, debilitating condition warranting specialist care. Aims: To determine if care provided in a tertiary hospital general respiratory clinic was guideline concordant and to validate the Bronchiectasis Severity Index (BSI) in the Australian context. Methods: A single‐centre ambispective study was conducted. The first stage involved a retrospective medical record audit between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2016. All aspects of bronchiectasis management were reviewed. In the second prospective phase the cohort was followed for 4 years to determine survival and the validity of the BSI determined. Results: A total of 145 patients was included, with mean age of 65 years (standard deviation = 16.6). The aetiology of bronchiectasis was explicitly documented for 58 (40%) patients, with potential causes identified in another 37 patients. Post‐infectious aetiologies were described in 62 (43%) patients. Most patients had lung function testing (n = 142; 97%) and sputum culture results (n = 120; 83%). Long‐term antibiotics were prescribed to 49 (34%) patients. Only patients culturing Pseudomonas spp. were prescribed inhaled antibiotics. Documentation regarding essential management recommendations was low, including airway clearance (46%), pneumococcal vaccination (27%) and written action plans (32%). Severe disease was common, with more than one‐third (34–48%) having BSI scores >9. One‐fifth (21%) of the cohort died during the 4‐year follow‐up period. The BSI was significantly associated with mortality risk (odds ratio 7.7; 95% confidence interval = 3.1–19.3; P < 0.001). Conclusion: Our cohort had a high proportion of patients with severe disease and significant mortality; some, but not all, aspects of recommended care were delivered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An analysis of environmental conservation and justice issues using the dynamical systems theory of groups suggests that the perception of common fate between various inhabitants of an ecosystem should be critical in extending personal self-interest to encompass ecological concerns. Analysis of 124 newspaper articles on the Key Deer Wildlife Refuge in Florida showed few depictions of common fate between humans and other species, little attention to long-term considerations, and a focus on surface threats to endangered species with 'facts' disputed by developers and environmentalists. In a second study, only 30% of Big Pine residents described plant or animal species as part of the beauty and uniqueness of the island. Residents approved of the island's rural lifestyle and liked the deer, but neither factor predicted support for slowing the pace of development. The degree to which residents perceived common fate between themselves and the deer was a reliable predictor of all general and specific policy preferences. The growth of environmental conservation is discussed in the context of how groups and social identities are constructed and reflected in communities and society., Where do my best interests lie? With whom should I cooperate and with whom should I compete? The answers to these questions are interconnected and the form of their resolution [...]

Introduction: Cryptosporidiosis is a leading cause of moderate-to-severe diarrhoea globally, and, while it is often self-limited, in immunocompromised individuals, the infection can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis might be missed or delayed in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) due to similar presentation, and these patients may also be on immunosuppressive therapies, increasing their risk of infection. Additionally, gastrointestinal infection and dysbiosis may be a risk factor for IBD. Diagnosis, presentation and treatment of cryptosporidiosis in individuals with IBD, as well as any epidemiologic correlations between the two diseases, will be investigated., Methods and Analysis: MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Dissertations and Theses Global and grey literature will be searched. Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology for scoping reviews was used for the protocol and will be for the review. Two reviewers will independently screen studies and extract data. The evidence and presentation of the results will be analysed with input from the review team. Studies of cryptosporidiosis in patients with IBD will be included. Paediatric, adolescent and adult studies in all patient environments will be included. Cases in which Crohn's disease does not affect the intestine and cases in which cryptosporidial infection is not in the intestine will be excluded., Ethics and Dissemination: Published clinical literature will be systematically reviewed, and this work does not directly involve patients. Consequently, ethical review by an institutional review board is not required. Data will be presented at academic conferences, and a culminating report will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. OPEN SCIENCE FRAMEWORK REGISTRATION: https://osf.io/j47mb., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)