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Zhi Li,1,* Wen Ge,2,* Chunyan Han,3,* Mengwei Lv,4,5,* Yanzhong He,5 Juntao Su,6 Ban Liu,3 Yangyang Zhang5 1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 4Shanghai East Hospital of Clinical Medicine College, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 6Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yangyang Zhang; Ban Liu Email zhangyangyang_wy@tongji.edu.cn; 2013liuban@tongji.edu.cnBackground: Renal dysfunction is independently associated with both short-term and long-term mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is a convenient and effective indicator of renal function. However, the ability of eGFR calculated by various equations to predict the outcomes of patients undergoing off-pump CABG (OPCABG) is still unclear. This study was aimed to compare the predictive ability of in-hospital and long-term mortality in three equations of estimating renal functions after OPCABG.Methods: Totally, 1362 patients undergoing OPCABG were retrospectively reviewed. Preoperative and postoperative serum creatinine (Scr) levels were detected. The renal function was evaluated by the Cockcroft-Gault (CG) equation, the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation, and the full-age spectrum (FAS) equation. The endpoints were in-hospital and long-term all-cause mortality rates. Receiver operating characteristic curves, net reclassification index, decision curve analysis (DCA), multivariable logistic model, and Cox regression model were used for comparisons.Results: The CG equation had the significantly highest discriminatory power to predict in-hospital mortality (area under the curve=0.815). Valuable clinical net benefits of the CG equation were greater than the other two equations regardless of before or after operation by DCA. Multivariable logistic and Cox regression analysis illustrated that the eGFR calculated by the CG equation was a significant independent risk factor of both in-hospital mortality (odds ratio=3.390) and long-term mortality (hazard ratio=1.553).Conclusion: The CG equation outperformed the FAS and CKD-EPI equations in predicting the mortality of patients after OPCABG. Postoperative renal function was more efficiently predicted compared with the preoperative one.Keywords: coronary artery bypass grafting, off-pump, estimated glomerular filtration rate, mortality

An improved feature parameter extraction algorithm is proposed in this study to solve the problem of quantitative detection of subsurface defects. Firstly, the common feature parameters from the differential signal of pulsed eddy current and ultrasonic are extracted in time domain and frequency domain. Then, the dispersion model and ReliefF model are established to determine the weights of each parameter. Finally, the weights from the two different algorithms are fused by the D-S evidence theory to determine feature parameters. Compared with the PCA feature parameter algorithm from the pulsed eddy current or ultrasonic, the experiment results show the feature parameters extracted by the algorithm proposed in this paper are more effective in quantitative detection of subsurface defects. It will lead to high accuracy in the subsurface defections.

In consideration of difficulty in directly using the multisensor detecting feature information for the defect identification, an improved multisensor recognition algorithm based on data-fusion technology for subsurface defect depth evaluation is proposed. At first, two common nondestructive testing technologies such as ultrasonic testing (UT) and eddy current testing (ECT) are introduced; then, a fusion method based on the error distribution characteristics of two kinds of detection methods is improved through the hyperbolic discriminant function to evaluate the subsurface defect depth. The experimental result shows that the improved algorithm is superior to the existing algorithm, so it can achieve better synthesis results and improve the correct recognition rate.

Online Social Network (OSN) has become the most popular platform on the Internet that can provide an interesting and creative ways to communicate, sharing and meets with peoples. As OSNs mature, issues regarding proper use of OSNs are also growing. In this research, the challenges of online social networks have been investigated. The current issues in some of the Social Network Sites are being studied and compared. Cyber criminals, malware attacks, physical threat, security and usability and some privacy issues have been recognized as the challenges of the current social networking sites. Trust concerns have been raised and the trustworthiness of social networking sites has been questioned. Currently, the trust in social networks is using the single- faceted approach, which is not well personalized, and doesn’t account for the subjective views of trust, according to each user, but only the general trust believes of a group of population. The trust level towards a person cannot be calculated and trust is lack of personalization. From our initial survey, we had found that most people can share their information without any doubts on OSN but they normally do not trust all their friends equally and think there is a need of trust management. We had found mixed opinions in relation to the proposed rating feature in OSNs too. By adopting the idea of multi-faceted trust model, a user-centric model that can personalize the comments/photos in social network with user’s customized traits of trust is proposed. This model can probably solve many of the trust issues towards the social networking sites with personalized trust features, in order to keep the postings on social sites confidential and integrity. &nbsp

Online Social Network (OSN) has become the most popular platform on the Internet that can provide an interesting and creative ways to communicate, sharing and meets with peoples. As OSNs mature, issues regarding proper use of OSNs are also growing. In this research, the challenges of online social networks have been investigated. The current issues in some of the Social Network Sites are being studied and compared. Cyber criminals, malware attacks, physical threat, security and usability and some privacy issues have been recognized as the challenges of the current social networking sites. Trust concerns have been raised and the trustworthiness of social networking sites has been questioned. Currently, the trust in social networks is using the single- faceted approach, which is not well personalized, and doesn’t account for the subjective views of trust, according to each user, but only the general trust believes of a group of population. The trust level towards a person cannot be calculated and trust is lack of personalization. From our initial survey, we had found that most people can share their information without any doubts on OSN but they normally do not trust all their friends equally and think there is a need of trust management. We had found mixed opinions in relation to the proposed rating feature in OSNs too. By adopting the idea of multi-faceted trust model, a user-centric model that can personalize the comments/photos in social network with user’s customized traits of trust is proposed. This model can probably solve many of the trust issues towards the social networking sites with personalized trust features, in order to keep the postings on social sites confidential and integrity.

Generally, there are three types of mobile application development, which are native mobile application, cross-platform mobile application and hybrid application. However, there are numbers of mobile devices that runs with different operating systems and languages in the current mobile market. Android and iOS is the most leading representative as the whole of current market. Developing application in different platforms has generated many problems, a lot of time; cost and man power is needed if there is no significant porting work. In order to avoid re-implementing the same type of application separately to fulfil the diverse platform needs, several tools are proposed. For example: XMLVM, PhoneGap, PhoneXML, DragonRad and RhoMobile, each with their own strength. Cross-platform is necessary in current mobile market. Besides that, we have proposed a cross mobile platform for Android and iOS games development using XMLVM.

This article builds two models to analysis the two cases of 1,000 and 10,000 simultaneous users. At first, this paper presents two models of repeater distribution in two cases of 1,000 and 10,000 simultaneous users the minimum numbers of repeaters are 9 and 83 under our assumptions. The repeater distribution problem is transformed to minimum cover problem and Monte Carlo method is employed. Solution of situation with mountain area is discussed. In first model for the case of 1,000 simultaneous users, we apply the theory of "circles covering circles". Unfortunately, we can prove that there are repeaters whose loads are beyond their capacity if we use the theory directly. Instead of trying to find more circles to cover the area, we modify the theory to fit our requirement. In second model for the case of 10,000 simultaneous users, we noticed the fact that hexagon is considered to be the optimal graphic which uses the least nodes to cover the maximum area. In this case, we model the repeater cover regions by several regular hexagons. The key point in this case is to calculate the area of intersection. Recognized the complexity of direct calculation, we follow the idea of the Monte Carlo method.

Wireless Sensor Networks(WSN) is a hot spot of the research of wireless networks currently, the key of achieving efficient transmission business is to control node energy and improve the network lifetime i Chen You-rong n wireless sensor networks. The paper first uses Boolean sensing model based on Poisson point process to identify the function of the rate of coverage and the node density in unit area, and then calculates the total number of nodes in the region, next uses the greedy strategy of the Prim algorithm to find a spanning tree with the maximum weight, and constructs a approximate solution for the minimum connected dominating set. In order to control the commotions of the nodes, make the nodes in spanning tree to work, and other nodes are in sleep state. At last, further analyses the relationship between the number of nodes in connected dominating and the coverage radius.

As one kind of new technology, wireless sensor network has a wide application area such as military, environment monitoring, object tracking, science observing and forecasting. Resource optimization is the important problem in the development of the wireless sensor networks. Through the deep analysis of existing resources optimization algorithm, the paper used method to mesh the continuous wireless sensor networks. By the definition of the probability function as the optimization objective function, establishing the regional-coverage and cross-coverage model, the paper introduced the genetic algorithm to choose the set of optimal overlay nodes.

As one kind of new technology, wireless sensor network has a wide application area such as military, environment monitoring, object tracking, science observing and forecasting. Resource optimization is the important problem in the development of the wireless sensor networks. Analyze the existing algorithms for resource optimization; a network coverage optimization model with the objective function of least nodes in networks is put forward. It ensures the probability of covering the whole area is above 95%. Finally, MATLAB is adopted to realize this coverage algorithm.