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2. E-c@ge : instrumentation for remote measurement and management of laboratory animal welfare

Author

Messaoudi, Belkacem, Favre, Bruno, Marguet, Christine, Ligot, Dominique, Hugueney, Hervé, Litaudon, Philippe, Ravel, Nadine, Gervasoni, Damien, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Universitaire de Technologie Lumière - Lyon 2 (IUT Lumière), Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2), and Gervasoni, Damien

Subjects
[SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, [SDV.NEU.NB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, [SDV.ETH] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ethics, [SDV.ETH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ethics
Abstract

International audience

Published
2022

3. Noninvasive Instrumentation for Respiratory Activity Recording in Freely Moving Rats Placed a Large Experimental Space

Author

Ligot, Dominique, Marguet, Christine, Favre, Bruno, Messaoudi, Belkacem, Gervasoni, Damien, Litaudon, Philippe, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CNRS, Défi interdisciplinaire 2017: L’Instrumentation aux limites, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Litaudon, Philippe

Subjects
instrumentation, non-invasive sensor, capteur EPIC, rythme respiratoire, respiration monitoring, rat, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], EPIC sensor, capteur non-invasif
Abstract

The study of the link between respiration and brain rhythms is of increasing interest. To study, in rodents, the impact of this link on cognitive functions, the respiratory activity must be recorded in a freely moving animal. We have chosen to use an EPIC sensor that detects changes in the surrounding electrical potential, without disturbances, and therefore the movements of electrical charges induced by respiratory movements. After validating the use of this sensor on an anesthetized animal, we characterized its sensitivity through the use of a phantom allowing simulating respiratory movements at different frequencies. The last series of experiments carried out in an awake rat, demonstrates that this sensor makes it possible to remotely collect the respiratory activity both during the periods of slow breathing (quiet waking - sleep) and during sniffing activity (fast breathing) when the animal explores its environment., L’étude du lien entre la respiration et les rythmes cérébraux fait l’objet d’un intérêt croissant. Pour étudier, chez les rongeurs, l’impact de ce lien sur les fonctions cognitives, l’activité respiratoire doit être enregistrée chez un animal libre de ses mouvements. Nous avons choisi d’utiliser un capteur EPIC qui détecte les changements du potentiel électrique spatial environnant, sans perturbations, et donc les déplacements de charges électriques induits par les mouvements respiratoires. Après avoir validé l’utilisation de ce capteur sur un animal anesthésié, nous avons caractérisé sa sensibilité grâce à l’utilisation d’un fantôme permettant de simuler les mouvements respiratoires à différentes fréquences. La dernière série d’expériences menée chez un animal vigile démontre que ce capteur permet de recueillir à distance l’activité respiratoire tant pendant les périodes de respiration lente (éveil calme – sommeil) que lors des phases de flairage (respiration rapide) lorsque l’animal explore son environnement.

Published
2020

8. Instrumentation non invasive pour l'enregistrement de l'activité respiratoire chez le rat libre de ses mouvements dans un grand espace expérimental

Author

LIGOT, Dominique, MARGUET, christine, FAVRE, Bruno, MESSAOUDI, Belkacem, Buonviso, Nathalie, GERVASONI, Damien, Litaudon, Philippe, Gervasoni, Damien, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Neurosciences Sensorielles Comportement Cognition, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, and CNRS, Défi interdisciplinaire 2017: L’Instrumentation aux limites

Subjects
[SDV.BIO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology, MESH: breathing, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SDV.BIO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biotechnology
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

13. Réalisation d'un système d'émission-réception 4 canaux dédié au cerveau de rat pour un système RM à 7T

Author

Perrier , Anne-Laure, Grenier , Denis, Tse-Ve-Koon , Kevin, Burdin , François, Ravel , Nadine, Litaudon , Philippe, Beuf , Olivier, Institut de Microélectronique, Electromagnétisme et Photonique - Laboratoire d'Hyperfréquences et Caractérisation (IMEP-LAHC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), RMN et optique : De la mesure au biomarqueur, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Plateforme d'Imagerie Multimodale LyonTech (PILoT), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Microélectronique, Electromagnétisme et Photonique - Laboratoire d'Hyperfréquences et Caractérisation ( IMEP-LAHC ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology ( Grenoble INP ) -Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble ( INPG ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé ( CREATIS ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ) -Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), 5 - RMN et optique : De la mesure aux biomarqueurs, Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ) -Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon ( CRNL ), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
[SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [ SPI.ELEC ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, [ SDV.IB.IMA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging
Abstract

International audience; Un système ainsi qu'une bobine d'émission-réception ont été réalisés pour un système RM à 7 T. Ce système d'émission-réception 4 canaux permet de créer un champ magnétique RF B1+ polarisé circulairement. La combinaison constructive des phases des 4 canaux a été démontrée par des images RM.

Published
2015

15. Faster, Deeper, Better: The Impact of Sniffing Modulation on Bulbar Olfactory Processing

Author

Esclassan, Frederic, Courtiol, Emmanuelle, Thévenet, Marc, Garcia, Samuel, Buonviso, Nathalie, Litaudon, Philippe, Renou, Michel, Lilly Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly & Co. Ltd, Erl Wood Manor, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Neurosciences Sensorielles Comportement Cognition, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon

Subjects
Central Nervous System, Male, Anatomy and Physiology, MESH: Olfactory Perception, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Respiratory System, MESH: Voltage-Sensitive Dye Imaging, Action Potentials, lcsh:Medicine, Stimulation, Tonic (physiology), 0302 clinical medicine, Sniffing, Modulation (music), MESH: Smell, MESH: Animals, lcsh:Science, MESH: Action Potentials, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, Chemistry, Animal Models, Anatomy, Olfactory Bulb, Sensory Systems, Electrophysiology, Smell, MESH: Reproducibility of Results, MESH: Rest, Rheology, psychological phenomena and processes, Research Article, Olfactory perception, MESH: Olfactory Bulb, MESH: Rats, Rest, Neurophysiology, Neuroimaging, 03 medical and health sciences, Model Organisms, MESH: Rheology, Respiration, Animals, Respiratory Physiology, Rats, Wistar, Biology, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Odorants, Olfactory System, lcsh:R, Reproducibility of Results, MESH: Rats, Wistar, Olfactory Perception, Voltage-Sensitive Dye Imaging, MESH: Male, Rats, Olfactory bulb, Odor, Odorants, Rat, lcsh:Q, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; A key feature of mammalian olfactory perception is that sensory input is intimately related to respiration. Different authors have considered respiratory dynamics not only as a simple vector for odor molecules but also as an integral part of olfactory perception. Thus, rats adapt their sniffing strategy, both in frequency and flow rate, when performing odor-related tasks. The question of how frequency and flow rate jointly impact the spatio-temporal representation of odor in the olfactory bulb (OB) has not yet been answered. In the present paper, we addressed this question using a simulated nasal airflow protocol on anesthetized rats combined with voltage-sensitive dye imaging (VSDi) of odor-evoked OB glomerular maps. Glomerular responses displayed a tonic component during odor stimulation with a superimposed phasic component phase-locked to the sampling pattern. We showed that a high sniffing frequency (10 Hz) retained the ability to shape OB activity and that the tonic and phasic components of the VSDi responses were dependent on flow rate and inspiration volume, respectively. Both sniffing parameters jointly affected OB responses to odor such that the reduced activity level induced by a frequency increase was compensated by an increased flow rate.

Published
2012

16. Mise en équation d'un capteur RMN bi-canaux

Author

Perrier, Anne-Laure, Grenier, Denis, Pouzin, Audrey, Esclassan, Frederic, Ravel, Nadine, Litaudon, Philippe, Beuf, Olivier, Institut de Microélectronique, Electromagnétisme et Photonique - Laboratoire d'Hyperfréquences et Caractérisation (IMEP-LAHC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble (INPG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Conception et d'Intégration des Systèmes (LCIS), Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF), Lilly Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly & Co. Ltd, Erl Wood Manor, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Neurosciences Sensorielles Comportement Cognition, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Centre de Recherche et d'Application en Traitement de l'Image et du Signal (CREATIS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Supérieure Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics]
Abstract

International audience; Les capteurs multicanaux sont de plus en plus utilisés en RMN du petit animal. Dans ce travail nous présentons la mise en équation d'un capteur RMN bi-canaux par une approche de transformation d'impédance. La conception et la caractérisation de ce capteur bi-canaux fonctionnant à 300MHz valide les équations et les résultats de simulations.

Published
2011

18. Spatiotemporal distribution of a late synchronized activity in olfactory pathways following stimulation of the olfactory bulb in rats

Author

Mouly, Anne-Marie, Litaudon, Philippe, CHABAUD, Pascal, Ravel, Nadine, Gervais, Rémi, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche et d'Innovation sur le Sport (EA647) (CRIS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Neurosciences Sensorielles Comportement Cognition, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)

Subjects
Auditory Cortex, Male, Time Factors, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Olfactory Pathways, Olfactory Bulb, Electric Stimulation, Electrodes, Implanted, Rats, Electrophysiology, nervous system, Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Animals, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Rats, Wistar
Abstract

International audience; The evoked potential recorded in the rat piriform cortex in response to electrical stimulation of the olfactory bulb is composed of an early component occasionally followed by a late component (60-70 ms). We previously showed that the late component occurrence was enhanced following an olfactory learning. In the present study carried out in naive rats, we investigated the precise conditions of induction of this late component, and its spatiotemporal distribution along the olfactory pathways. In the anaesthetized rat, a stimulating electrode was implanted in the olfactory bulb. Four recording electrodes were positioned, respectively, in the olfactory bulb, the anterior and posterior parts of the piriform cortex, and the entorhinal cortex. Simultaneous recording of signals evoked in the four sampled structures in response to stimulation of the olfactory bulb revealed that the late component was detected in anterior and posterior piriform cortex as well as in entorhinal cortex, but not in the olfactory bulb. The late component occurred reliably for a narrow range of low intensities of stimulation delivered at frequencies not exceeding 1 Hz. Comparison of late component amplitude and latency across the different recorded sites showed that this component appeared first and with the greatest amplitude in the posterior piriform cortex. In addition to showing a functional dissociation between anterior and posterior parts of the piriform cortex, these data suggest that the posterior piriform cortex could be the locus of generation of this late high amplitude synchronized activity, which would then propagate to the neighbouring regions.

Published
1998

19. Learning-induced Changes in Rat Piriform Cortex Activity Mapped Using Multisite Recording With Voltage Sensitive Dye

Author

Litaudon, Philippe, Sullivan, Regina, Gervais, Rémi, Cattarelli, Martine, Mouly, Anne-Marie, Elaagouby, A., Ravel, Nadine, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Olfactory system, Male, MESH: Olfactory Bulb, MESH: Phenylephrine, MESH: Rats, Voltage-sensitive dye, MESH: Neurons, Sensory system, Stimulation, MESH: Prazosin, MESH: Isoproterenol, Discrimination Learning, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Memory, Piriform cortex, MESH: Norepinephrine, Animals, MESH: Animals, Rats, Wistar, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Brain Mapping, MESH: Electrophysiology, Chemistry, General Neuroscience, MESH: Sympathomimetics, Association Learning, MESH: Electric Stimulation, MESH: Sympatholytics, Long-term potentiation, Olfactory Pathways, MESH: Rats, Wistar, Olfactory Bulb, Electric Stimulation, MESH: Male, Olfactory bulb, Electrodes, Implanted, Rats, MESH: Evoked Potentials, Conditioning, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Neuroscience, Reinforcement, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, MESH: Olfactory Pathways
Abstract

International audience; The piriform cortex (PCx) has a potential role in storage and recall of olfactory information. This study is a first extensive investigation of the spatiotemporal distribution of activity in the PCx induced by learned sensory inputs following conditioning. In a conditioned group, rats chronically implanted with four electrodes in the olfactory bulb were trained to associate the electrical stimulation of a given bulbar electrode with a positive reinforcement, while stimulation of a different electrode predicted a negative reinforcement. In a familiarized group, rats received the same protocol of daily electrical stimulation with no associated reinforcement. At the end of the conditioning or familiarization episode, activity evoked in the PCx was optically mapped using a 144 photodiode array. In the anaesthetized rats, PCx maps were recorded in response to stimulation of each of the four bulbar electrodes using either high (0.5-1 mA) or low (0.1 mA) test current intensities. Low intensity stimulation revealed that conditioning selectively enhanced the probability of occurrence of a signal composed of a single late (56-73 ms) component which occurred almost simultaneously on a large PCx area. In the conditioned group, high intensity stimulation through either of the four electrodes revealed a potentiation of the early (17-30 ms) disynaptic component of the PCx response in the most posterior part of the PCx as well as a homogeneous increase of the late (39-52 ms) component spread over the PCx areas. These data suggest that learning induces synaptic changes at different nodes of the PCx circuitry.

Published
1997

31. Multisite optical recording of the rat piriform cortex activity

Author

Litaudon, Philippe and Cattarelli, Martine

Abstract

OPTICAL signals were recorded in the in vivorat piriform cortex (PC) in response to olfactory bulb (OB) electrical stimulations delivered at 4 different sites. Afferent activity had a relatively wide (26.6 of the recorded area) but non-homogeneous distribution on the PC surface. The different patterns of afferent activity observed in response to the 4 OB stimulations were intermixed with an overlap of only 38.5. This activity was redistributed to the whole PC by intrinsic association fibres. The increase in the delay (from 4 ms to 12 ms) between afferent and redistributed activities along the antero-posterior axis indicated that the rostral to caudal association fibre system originating in the anterior PC was mainly responsible for the redistribution.

Published
1994

32. Odorant features differentially modulate beta/gamma oscillatory patterns in anterior versus posterior piriform cortex

Author

Philippe Litaudon, Nathalie Buonviso, Emmanuelle Courtiol, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Neurosciences Sensorielles Comportement Cognition, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Litaudon, Philippe

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Olfactory system, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Action Potentials, Piriform Cortex, Local field potential, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Piriform cortex, Animals, Gamma Rhythm, Rats, Wistar, Beta (finance), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Chemistry, musculoskeletal, neural, and ocular physiology, General Neuroscience, [SDV.NEU.NB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Olfactory Pathways, Olfactory Perception, Rats, Olfactory bulb, 030104 developmental biology, Odor, Homogeneous, Odorants, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Beta Rhythm, Neuroscience, psychological phenomena and processes, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Oscillatory activity is a prominent characteristic of the olfactory system. We previously demonstrated that beta and gamma oscillations occurrence in the olfactory bulb (OB) is modulated by the physical properties of the odorant. However, it remains unknown whether such odor-related modulation of oscillatory patterns is maintained in the piriform cortex (PC) and whether those patterns are similar between the anterior PC (aPC) and posterior PC (pPC). The present study was designed to analyze how different odorant molecular features can affect the local field potential (LFP) oscillatory signals in both the aPC and the pPC in anesthetized rats. As reported in the OB, three oscillatory patterns were observed: standard pattern (gamma + beta), gamma-only and beta-only patterns. These patterns occurred with significantly different probabilities in the two PC areas. We observed that odor identity has a strong influence on the probability of occurrence of LFP beta and gamma oscillatory activity in the aPC. Thus, some odor coding mechanisms observed in the OB are retained in the aPC. By contrast, probability of occurrence of different oscillatory patterns is homogeneous in the pPC with beta-only pattern being the most prevalent one for all the different odor families. Overall, our results confirmed the functional heterogeneity of the PC with its anterior part tightly coupled with the OB and mainly encoding odorant features whereas its posterior part activity is not correlated with odorant features but probably more involved in associative and multi-sensory encoding functions.

Published
2019

33. Adaptive quantization of local field potentials for wireless implants in freely moving animals: an open-source neural recording device

Author

Damien Gervasoni, Belkacem Messaoudi, Philippe Litaudon, Nathalie Buonviso, Maxime Clément, Dominique Martinez, Analysis and modeling of neural systems by a system neuroscience approach (NEUROSYS), Inria Nancy - Grand Est, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Department of Complex Systems, Artificial Intelligence & Robotics (LORIA - AIS), Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physio-pathologie des réseaux neuronaux du cycle veille-sommeil, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Neurosciences Sensorielles Comportement Cognition, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications (LORIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, and Litaudon, Philippe

Subjects
Male, Computational complexity theory, Computer science, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, education, Biomedical Engineering, Code word, Neurotechnology, Neurophysiology, 02 engineering and technology, Local field potential, Neural telemetry, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Wireless, Animals, Telemetry, Neural implants, Neurons, business.industry, Quantization (signal processing), 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, [SDV.NEU.NB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Brain, Equipment Design, Dissipation, Wireless transmission, Adaptation, Physiological, Electrodes, Implanted, Rats, Microcontroller, business, Encoder, Wireless Technology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Computer hardware
Abstract

Objective. Modern neuroscience research requires electrophysiological recording of local field potentials (LFPs) in moving animals. Wireless transmission has the advantage of removing the wires between the animal and the recording equipment but is hampered by the large number of data to be sent at a relatively high rate. Approach. To reduce transmission bandwidth, we propose an encoder/decoder scheme based on adaptive non-uniform quantization. Our algorithm uses the current transmitted codeword to adapt the quantization intervals to changing statistics in LFP signals. It is thus backward adaptive and does not require the sending of side information. The computational complexity is low and similar at the encoder and decoder sides. These features allow for real-time signal recovery and facilitate hardware implementation with low-cost commercial microcontrollers. Main results. As proof-of-concept, we developed an open-source neural recording device called NeRD. The NeRD prototype digitally transmits eight channels encoded at 10 kHz with 2 bits per sample. It occupies a volume of 2 × 2 × 2 cm3 and weighs 8 g with a small battery allowing for 2 h 40 min of autonomy. The power dissipation is 59.4 mW for a communication range of 8 m and transmission losses below 0.1%. The small weight and low power consumption offer the possibility of mounting the entire device on the head of a rodent without resorting to a separate head-stage and battery backpack. The NeRD prototype is validated in recording LFPs in freely moving rats at 2 bits per sample while maintaining an acceptable signal-to-noise ratio (>30 dB) over a range of noisy channels. Significance. Adaptive quantization in neural implants allows for lower transmission bandwidths while retaining high signal fidelity and preserving fundamental frequencies in LFPs.

Published
2018

34. Activity in the rat olfactory cortex is correlated with behavioral response to odor: a microPET study

Author

Philippe Litaudon, Nicolas Costes, Luc Zimmer, Caroline Bouillot, Nadine Ravel, Neurosciences Sensorielles Comportement Cognition, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Multimodal Et Pluridisciplinaire en imagerie du vivant (CERMEP - imagerie du vivant), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne (CES), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Exploration et de Recherche Médicales par Émission de Positons (CERMEP), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and Litaudon, Philippe

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Olfactory system, Histology, MESH: Olfactory Perception, [18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose, MESH: Rats, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, [ 18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose, Sniffing, Sensory system, Olfaction, Piriform cortex, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Brain, 0302 clinical medicine, Neuroimaging, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, MESH: Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, Animals, MESH: Animals, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Rats, Wistar, MESH: Odorants, General Neuroscience, MicroPET, Brain, MESH: Rats, Wistar, Olfactory Perception, MESH: Male, MESH: Positron-Emission Tomography, Rats, Olfactory bulb, Olfactory Cortex, 030104 developmental biology, Odor, Positron-Emission Tomography, Odorants, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Anatomy, Psychology, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, MESH: Olfactory Cortex
Abstract

International audience; How olfactory cortical areas interpret odor maps evoked in the olfactory bulb and translate odor information into behavioral responses is still largely unknown. Indeed, rat olfactory cortices encompass an extensive network located in the ventral part of the brain, thus complicating the use of invasive functional methods. In vivo imaging techniques that were previously developed for brain activation studies in humans have been adapted for use in rodents and facilitate the non-invasive mapping of the whole brain. In this study, we report an initial series of experiments designed to demonstrate that microPET is a powerful tool to investigate the neural processes underlying odor-induced behavioral response in a large-scale olfactory neuronal network. After the intravenous injection of [18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG), awake rats were placed in a ventilated Plexiglas cage for 50 min, where odorants were delivered every 3 min for a 10-s duration in a random order. Individual behavioral responses to odor were classified into categories ranging from 1 (head movements associated with a short sniffing period in response to a few stimulations) to 4 (a strong reaction, including rearing, exploring and sustained sniffing activity, to several stimulations). After [18F]FDG uptake, rats were anesthetized to perform a PET scan. This experimental session was repeated 2 weeks later using the same animals without odor stimulation to assess the baseline level of activation in each individual. Two voxel-based statistical analyses (SPM 8) were performed: (1) a two-sample paired t test analysis contrasting baseline versus odor scan and (2) a correlation analysis between voxel FDG activity and behavioral score. As expected, the contrast analysis between baseline and odor session revealed activations in various olfactory cortical areas. Significant increases in glucose metabolism were also observed in other sensory cortical areas involved in whisker movement and in several modules of the cerebellum involved in motor and sensory function. Correlation analysis provided new insight into these results. [18F]FDG uptake was correlated with behavioral response in a large part of the anterior piriform cortex and in some lobules of the cerebellum, in agreement with the previous data showing that both piriform cortex and cerebellar activity in humans can be driven by sniffing activity, which was closely related to the high behavioral scores observed in our experiment. The present data demonstrate that microPET imaging offers an original perspective for rat behavioral neuroimaging.

Published
2017

35. Faster, deeper, better: the impact of sniffing modulation on bulbar olfactory processing.

Author

Esclassan F, Courtiol E, Thévenet M, Garcia S, Buonviso N, and Litaudon P

Subjects
Action Potentials physiology, Animals, Male, Odorants, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Reproducibility of Results, Rest, Rheology, Voltage-Sensitive Dye Imaging, Olfactory Bulb physiology, Olfactory Perception physiology, Smell physiology
Abstract

A key feature of mammalian olfactory perception is that sensory input is intimately related to respiration. Different authors have considered respiratory dynamics not only as a simple vector for odor molecules but also as an integral part of olfactory perception. Thus, rats adapt their sniffing strategy, both in frequency and flow rate, when performing odor-related tasks. The question of how frequency and flow rate jointly impact the spatio-temporal representation of odor in the olfactory bulb (OB) has not yet been answered. In the present paper, we addressed this question using a simulated nasal airflow protocol on anesthetized rats combined with voltage-sensitive dye imaging (VSDi) of odor-evoked OB glomerular maps. Glomerular responses displayed a tonic component during odor stimulation with a superimposed phasic component phase-locked to the sampling pattern. We showed that a high sniffing frequency (10 Hz) retained the ability to shape OB activity and that the tonic and phasic components of the VSDi responses were dependent on flow rate and inspiration volume, respectively. Both sniffing parameters jointly affected OB responses to odor such that the reduced activity level induced by a frequency increase was compensated by an increased flow rate.

Published
2012
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