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Dalam penelitian ini, akan diuraikan pemodelan karakteristik produksi energi Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (PLTS) 1000 Watt peak (Wp) dalam periode Juni 2020-Desember 2021, dengan menggunakan salah satu algoritma machine learning, yaitu Naive Bayes. Fitur yang digunakan dalam pemodelan adalah radiasi matahari, temperatur & pancaran sinar, yang dibagi menjadi lima label kelas yaitu Very low, Low, Medium, High, dan Very High. Perbandingan data latih dan uji dibagi menjadi 3 skenario, yaitu 90%:10%, 80%:20%, 75%:25%. Hasil pemodelan memperlihatkan bahwa skenario perbandingan 75%:25% memiliki nilai mean absolute error (MAE), root mean squared error (RMSE) dan mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) terkecil (dibanding skenario lain), masing-masing sebesar 0,14; 0,38; dan 6,52, yang artinya skenario ini memiliki akurasi relative lebih tinggi (dibanding skenario lain), jika dibandingkan terhadap karakteristik produksi energi referensi. Abstract In this research, the modeling of energy production characteristics of 1000 Watt peak of the Solar Power Plant (SPP) will be elaborated for the period of June 2020-December 2021, using one of the machine learning algorithms, i.e., Naïve Bayes. The features used are solar radiation, temperature & light beam. Each of feature is divided into five class labels, namely Very low, Low, Medium, High, and Very High. The comparison of training and test data is divided into 3 scenarios i.e., 90%: 10%, 80%: 20%, 75%: 25%. Based on modeling, it is found that a 75%;25% scenario shows the smallest of MAE, RMSE, and MAPE, i.e., 0.14, 0.38, and 6.52, respectively. It means that this scenario has the highest accuracy in this modeling (if compared to the actual's energy production characteristics).

Security is always an issue both in individuals and communal attentions. Any forms of threats and crimes that occur in the village area of Karyawangi Parongpong, such as motor vehicle theft, violence, drug abuse, gambling, and others are caused by a lack of supervision from local authorities. The limitation of surveillance distance is one of the problems. Thus, an effective and appropriate security system in a place is indispensable. In this paper, the design of the security system using IoT modules and ESP32 Camera, will be elaborated for karyawangi Parongpong's village. The system secures a village environment by detecting an intruder on the road, triggering Passive Infra Red (PIR) sensor, capturing all activities with ESP32 camera, and then sending data to a smart mobile phone through with Telegram application. These service activities were aimed at the improvement of security systems and increase knowledge of technology advances for rural communities in the Karyawangi Village environment, especially in security systems based on IoT.

Nowadays, security and gardening systems in densely populated residential areas are generally done manually. The security system in housing sometimes places security posts at street corners that are some distance from citizen’s homes thus they cannot be monitored at all times. Whereas other problem of watering system in citizen’s homes, someone has to water the plants one by one that it is not efficient in energy, time and water availability thus that it can reduce the quality of the plants. Internet of Things (IoT) is a concept and method for remote control, monitoring, and various tasks. IoT is connected to a network that it can be accessed anywhere which can make things easier. IoT can be used to solve various problems. One of them is security issues and gardening activities. By using smart home technology, the security system is carried out by placing CCTV (Closed Circuit Television) which can be accessed by the home owner, anytime and anywhere the home owner is located. On the other hand, gardening is one of the most popular hobbies. In this field, IoT can be used to monitor and regulate various things to support gardening activities. In this community service activity, we are proposed a simple automatic gardening system for watering some plants programmatically in Pondok Hijau Indah residence. The system also allows manual human intervention either locally or remotely via the internet to control CCTV and water pumps. To build this smart Home system we will use the Xiaomi Home application from Google Play. In this application, we can set a program to control CCTV and water the plants every day at a certain time periodically, in this case, we set every 7 hours to watering the plants.

The authentication, identification, and copyright protection can be obtained by constructing the digital image watermarking technique. Watermark robustness and imperceptibility account for the capability of the hidden watermark to survive the manipulation. The proposed paper is a robust algorithm for digital image watermarking with 3-level discrete wavelet transform (DWT) with some attacks method. The 3-level DWT method was used constants α=0.01 and 0.03 as a function of how depth the watermark inserts to the host image in the insertion and extraction process. The algorithm was evaluated using 8 bits per pixel (bpp) grayscale, 1024x1024 pixels for the host image, and 256x256 pixels for the watermark image. The method is also implemented some experimental with attacks such as gaussian, salt and pepper, blurring, and compression. The algorithm is relatively acceptable of good quality, achieves low-value mean squared error (MSE), high peak signals to noise ratio (PSNR), and structural similarity index metric (SSIM) value approach to 1. It is found that the highest image quality measurements by using α=0.03 with the attacking method of salt and pepper yield MSE=0.01, PSNR=45.6 dB and SSIM=0.95, respectively.

Activities such as planting and gardening become one of prominent hobbies. An issue of having such well grown plants is the impractical and unachieavable task to monitor 24 hours a day, thus we need a smart gardening system that can monitor the garden on demand. One of the problems in residential gardening systems is how to water the plants while the owner is not at home. Some of people have an adequate knowledge of using IoT to make their life easier. This paper proposes a simple automatic gardening system in watering several plants as programmed. In addition, this system allows human’s manual intervention either locally or remotely via Internet, to control a water pump. To build this smart gardening system, we use Xiaomi home application from Google Play. In this application, we can set the program to water the plants daily with definite time periodic independently.

In this paper, the implementation of an optical repeater for indoor visible light communication using the amplify-forward method was proposed. In indoor, Visible Light Communication (VLC) can occur by transmitting information signals from Lamps as a VLC transmitter toward the VLC receiver as Line-of-Sight (LOS) that is located with only a few meters. In the Non-LOS (NLOS) Communication, the signal will be attenuated, so it needs to amplify to improve good signal quality in a VLC receiver. The optical repeater could be used to improve the signal quality that attenuating due to distance. The audio signal was generated and sent using VLC Transmitter toward the Light Emitting Diode (LED). Then, the electrical signal was converted to become visible light, and it was amplified using an optical amplifier with an amplify-forward method. The signal in the form of visible light that had been amplified would be received by the Photodiode (PD), and the VLC Receiver processed it. The measurement results showed the system that used the optical repeater could improving the distance until 9.5 m with frequency 6000 Hz, where the best signal quality at a frequency of 3000 Hz. The measurement result showed that the use of repeater components with the amplify forward method for VLC systems, especially in the room, can increase the range until 4.5 m compare without an optical repeater. This result exceeds the minimum distance of an indoor visible light communication system, with an average distance of the roof to the floor is 3.5 m.

An optical fiber is a high-speed telecommunication transmission medium. Principally, an optical fiber is made of a very fine glass fiber material, which is able to transmit light waves using light reflection method on the surface of the fiber optics core. An underground installation of the fiber optics makes this device robust from external interferences. However, the fiber optic cable performance should always be checked to maintain performance during data transmission process. One way to test fiber optics cable performance is by using an Optical Time - Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) device. This device sends a light wave from one point of the fiber optics cable. The light wave then returns when reaching the other point of the fiber optic cable while carrying some measurement parameters especially the physical length and attenuation of a fiber optic cable. The evaluation of the fiber optics cable performance requires the preparation, installation, and configuration of the OTDR. In this paper, we conducted evaluation on the performances of fiber optics cable. The data generated by the performed evaluation indicated an occurring attenuation on the fiber optics cable along 64.402 km of its lengths.

Penelitian ini menjelaskan kinerja komunikasi penerbangan dari perangkat VHF-A/G antara ADC/TOWER (Aerodrome Control) maupun APP (Approach Control Center) dengan pilot di pesawat. Jika terjadi kesalahan dalam pengaturan wilayah pada kedua ruang lingkup udara tersebut, tidak dapat terjadi komunikasi yang diharapkan, pilot dapat kehilangan arah dalam menentukan tujuan. ATC(Air Traffic Control) memandu seluruh kegiatan penerbangan dengan pilot di pesawat dengan bantuan navigator. VHF A/G memiliki batas frekuensi 118-137 MHz, daya yang dipancarkan antara 25 Watt sampai dengan 50 Watt dengan ketinggian 0 – 20000 ft dan jarak jangkauan 0 – 87 Nm. Penggunaan perangkat VHF-A/G untuk melakukan komunikasi dengan baik antara pilot di pesawat dengan ATC diukur dengan indikator level, yang menunjukkan kondisi perangkat VHF-A/G dibagian pengirim dan penerima. Pesawat dengan level readability (keterbacaan) terbaik yaitu 4 dan 5 diantaranya; Citylink Air 888, Garuda, Air Asia, Lion Air 911 dan 903, Auri (Militer), Express Air, Red Cap Air dan Wings Air.

Digital images, video, and audio have been revolutionized in the way they can be captured, stored, transmitted, and manipulated. Therefore, the idea of using a digital watermark to detect and trace copyright violations has stimulated signifacantly. In this research will evaluate the robustness of watermark embedding with some attacks and extracting. Several functions were used to qualify the robustness of watermark algorithm, such as Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Structural Similarity (SSIM). The measurements involve 3 types of watermark image, as follows $\mathbf{16\ \mathrm{x}\ 16}$ pixels, $\mathbf{32\ \mathrm{x}\ 32}$ pixels, and $\mathbf{64\ \mathrm{x}\ 64}$ pixels with the value of scaling factor (SF) and quality factor (K) of 10, 30, and 50. The simulation shows that in the condition of SF and K for 50, the watermark image of $\mathbf{64\ \mathrm{x}\ 64}$ have the highest PSNR 51.868 dB and the highest SSIM 0.983. From these results prove that the size of the watermark image could provide the better resistance to attack.

Sistem komunikasi suara bawah air telah dikenal sejak lama, diantaranya sonar dan akustik. Seiring perkembangan zaman dan kemajuan teknologi, kini hadir komunikasi dengan media transmisi cahaya tampak yaitu Visible Light Communication (VLC) yang dapat diterapkan pada komunikasi bawah air. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan komunikasi suara bawah air (simplex) menggunakan VLC, dengan media akuarium berisi air dan beberapa pengujian diantaranya menggunakan color filter, didapat hasil pengujian terbaik yaitu tegangan 4,4 Vpp dan frekuensi 3,003 kHz untuk color filter yellow, pengujian menggunakan lensa didapat hasil pengujian terbaik yaitu tegangan 4,4 Vp-p dan frekuensi 3,051 kHz untuk lensa (+50), dan pengujian terakhir menggunakan lampu UV didapat hasil pengujian terbaik dengan tegangan 4,4 Vp-p dan frekuensi 3,010 kHz. Implementasi sistem VLC ini menunjukkan hasil yang baik dan layak untuk diterapkan pada komunikasi suara bawah air (simplex). Kata kunci: VLC, Komunikasi Suara Bawah Air, Simplex. ABSTRACT Underwater voice communication systems have been known for a long time, including sonar and acoustics. Along with the development and advancement of technology, now there is communication with visible light transmission media, namely Visible Light Communication (VLC) which can be applied to underwater communication. Under this study underwater voice communication (simplex) has been carried out using VLC, with aquarium media containing water and several tests including using a color filter, the best test results obtained are voltage 4.4 Vp-p and frequency 3.003 kHz for yellow color filter, testing using the lens obtained the best test results namely voltage 4.4 Vp-p and frequency 3.051 kHz for lenses (+50), and the last test using UV lights obtained the best test results with a voltage of 4.4 Vp-p and a frequency of 3.010 kHz. The implementation of the VLC system shows good and feasible results to be applied to underwater voice communication (simplex). Keywords: VLC, Underwater Voice Communication, Simplex.

Perangkat komunikasi Handy Talky (HT) yang ada saat ini masih relatif banyak dipergunakan mengingat nilai ekonomis yang dimilikinya. Pada beberapa tipe, perangkat ini memiliki kekurangan dalam hal jangkauan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merealisasikan dua buah antena J-Pole menggunakan bahan aluminium rod yang diaplikasi pada perangkat HT pada frekuensi 144 MHz. Hasil realisasi kedua antena diperoleh gain antena 1 dan 2 masing-masing sebesar 6,23 dB dan 6,34 dB, dimana VSWR didapatkan sebesar 1,27 dan 1,16. Nilai Return Loss pada antena 1 dan 2 masing-masing sebesar -18,58 dB dan -22,48 dB. Antena J-Pole yang diaplikasikan dapat menambah jarak jangkau HT yang digunakan sejauh 2,46 km dari penggunaan antena existing. Kata kunci: J-Pole, Handy Talky, VSWR, Gain, Omnidirectional. ABSTRACT Handy Talky (HT) communication devices that exist today are still relatively widely used considering the economic value it has. In some types, this device has a deficiency in terms of range. This study aims to realize two J-Pole antennas using aluminum rod material applied to HT devices at a frequency of 144 MHz. The second antenna gain result obtained antenna gain 1 and 2 respectively equal to 6.23 dB and 6.34 dB, where VSWR got equal to 1.27 and 1.16. Return Loss values on antennas 1 and 2 are respectively -18.58 dB and -22.48 dB. The applied J-Pole antenna can increase the range of HT used as far as 2.46 km from the use of existing antenna. Keywords: J-Pole, Handy Talky, VSWR, Gain, Omnidirectional

Saat ini, cahaya tampak dimanfaatkan oleh manusia hanya sebagai penerangan saja. Akan tetapi, beberapa penelitian telah membuktikan bahwa cahaya tampak dapat dimanfaatkan pula pada sistem komunikasi, yang dinamakan Visible Light Communication (VLC). Pada penelitian ini, sebuah metoda menggunakan color filter diidentifikasi dalam mengimplementasikan sistem bidirectional pada teknologi VLC. Dengan adanya penelitian ini, sebuah sistem bidirectional Visible Light Communication (Bi-VLC) dapat diimplementasikan dengan menggunakan color filter tertentu yang dipasangkan pada posisi uplink dan downlink. Sinyal informasi berupa sinyal audio ditansmisikan melalui VLC transmitter (Tx) yang dipasang color filter dan diterima oleh color filter pada VLC receiver (Rx) setelah melalui media cahaya. Pengujian menunjukan bahwa sistem telah dapat melewatkan sinyal pada frekuensi audio dengan jarak maksimum dari sistem adalah 2,3 m. Sedangkan pasangan color filter yang memiliki kinerja paling baik untuk BI-VLC adalah Azure (Tx) dengan Charteuse Green (Rx), Charteuse Green (Tx) dengan Charteuse Green (Rx), dan Rose (Tx) dengan Charteuse Green (Rx). Kata kunci: Bidirectional, Visible Light Communication (VLC), Color Filter, Audio ABSTRACT Currently, visible light are utilized by humans as illumination only. However, several research have proven that visible light can also be used in communication systems, called Visible Light Communication (VLC). In this research, a method of using color filters was identified for bidirectional systems on VLC technology. With this research, a bidirectional Visible Light Communication (Bi-VLC) system can be implemented using a specific color filter paired in uplink and downlink mode. The audio signal as information is transmitted through a VLC transmitter (Tx) installed by a color filter and received by the color filter on the VLC receiver (Rx) after going through the light media. The result shows that the system has been able to pass the signal at the audio frequency with the maximum distance of the system is 2.3 m. While the best performance of color filter pair for BI-VLC is Azure (Tx) with Charteuse Green (Rx), Charteuse Green (Tx) with Charteuse Green (Rx), and Rose (Tx) with Charteuse Green (Rx). Keywords: Bidirectional, Visible Light Communication (VLC), Color Filter, Audio

Filter didefinisikan sebagai proses atau rangkaian yang melewatkan pita frekuensi tertentu yang diinginkan dan meredam pita frekuensi lainnya. Salah satu metode perancangan filter digital Finite Impulse Response (FIR) adalah metode windowing. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan jenis window Hamming dan Blackman. Simulasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan software Matlab dengan memasukan frekuensi passband, frekuensi stopband, ripple passband, dan stopband attenuation. Dengan frekuensi sampling sebesar 15000 Hz, frekuensi passband sebesar 3000 Hz, frekuensi stopband sebesar 5000 Hz. Setelah simulasi dilakukan implementasi filter dengan parameter yang sama menggunakan DSK TMS 320C6713 dengan bantuan software CCS. Simulasi dan implementasi dilakukan pada semua band frekuensi. Hasil pengujian terhadap implementasi filter adalah respon magnitude, frekuensi cut-off, bandwidth, dan faktor kualitas dengan hasil simulasi tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan. Kata kunci: filter digital, windowing, Hamming, Blackman, frekuensi cut-off . ABSTRACT Filter is defined as a process or series that skip certain desired frequency band and other frequency bands drown. One method of designing a digital filter Finite Impulse Response (FIR) is a windowing method. This study used the type of window Hamming and Blackman. Simulations performed using Matlab software by inserting a frequency passband, stopband frequency, passband ripple, and stopband attenuation. With a sampling frequency of 15,000 Hz, a frequency of 3000 Hz passband, stopband frequency of 5000 Hz. After the simulation is completed, implementation of the filter with the same parameters using TMS 320C6713 DSK with the help of software CCS. Simulation and implmentasi performed on all frequency bands. The test results of the implementation of the filter is the Magnitude response, the cut-off frequency, bandwidth, and quality factor with simulation results showed no significant difference. Keywords: digital filter, windowing, Hamming, Blackman, cut-off frequency.

Filter berfungsi melewatkan frekuensi sinyal yang diinginkan dan menahan frekuensi sinyal yang tidak diinginkan. Respon filter yang sering digunakan adalah respon Butterworth dan Chebyshev. Simulasi digunakan untuk menjelaskan karakteristik dan respon dari filter. Simulasi filter dilakukan dengan menggunakan software Matlab dengan memasukkan parameter berupa frekuensi passband, frekuensi stopband, ripple passband, dan stopband attenuation. Setelah simulasi, dilakukan implementasi filter dengan DSK TMS67013 dan software CCS dengan parameter yang sama pada simulasi. Simulasi dan implementasi dilakukan pada semua band frekuensi. Hasil pengujian terhadap implementasi filter adalah respon magnitude, frekuensi cut-off, bandwidth, dan faktor kualitasnya dengan filter hasil simulasi tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan.

Dalam teknologi masa kini, sebuah sistem terbentuk dari beberapa subsistem. Salah satu bagian subsistem yang sangat penting adalah filter. Filter didefinisikan sebagai proses atau rangkaian yang melewatkan pita frekuensi tertentu yang diinginkan dan meredam pita frekuensi lainnya. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan jenis respon frekuensi Elliptic dan Bessel. Simulasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan software Matlab dengan memasukan frekuensi passband, frekuensi stopband, ripple passband, dan stopband attenuation yang telah dirancang. Dengan frekuensi sampling sebesar 15000 Hz, frekuensi passband sebesar 3000 Hz, frekuensi stopband sebesar 3500 Hz untuk Elliptic dan 5000 Hz untuk Bessel. Setelah simulasi dilakukan implementasi filter dengan parameter yang sama menggunakan DSK TMS320C6713 dengan bantuan software CCS. Parameter pengujian dari implementasi filter adalah respon magnitude, frekuensi cut-off, bandwidth, dan faktor kualitas dengan hasil simulasi yanng tidak menunjukan perbedaan yang signifikan. Memory yang digunakan pada DSK TMS320C6713 sebesar 2782 Bytes dari 16 MB.

Antena merupakan perangkat yang memiliki peranan yang sangat penting dalam sistem komunikasi tanpa kabel (wireless). Pada penelitian ini akan diimplementasikan reflektor antena wajanbolik yang beroperasi pada frekuensi CDMA 2000 1x EVDO 1900 MHz. Antena ini menggunakan reflektor dari wajan, dengan waveguide dari pipa paralon yang dilapisi dengan lakban alumunium, dan penerima sinyal menggunakan USB modem adapter. Antena ini ditujukan untuk menjadi media bantu dalam memperkuat penerimaan sinyal EVDO dan memaksimalkan dan kecepatan transfer data. Antena ini memberikan gain sebesar 15,530 dB berdasarkan pengukuran dan 15,156 dB berdasarkan teoritis. Pengujian menggunakan wajanbolik menunjukkan adanya peningkatan level sinyal modem yang terendah sebesar 4 dB pada pengukuran dengan kondisi indoor di siang hari serta tertinggi sebesar 19 dB pada pengukuran dengan kondisi outdoor di malam hari. Hasil dari pengujian pun menunjukkan peningkatan kecepatan transfer data rata – rata sebesar 42 KBps sampai dengan 269 KBps dibandingkan pengukuran tanpa wajanbolik. Kata kunci: Reflektor, Waveguide, Wajanbolik, USB adapter, EVDO. Abstract The antenna is a device that has a very important role in wireless communication systems (wireless). In this research will be implemented wajanbolik reflector antenna which operates at frequencies of CDMA 2000 1x EVDO 1900 MHz. This antenna uses a reflector of the pan, with the waveguide of the pipe is coated with aluminum duct tape, and a signal receiver using a USB modem adapter. This antenna is intended to be a media aids in strengthening the EVDO and signal reception to maximize data transfer speeds. This antenna give a gain of 16.015 from measurement dBi and 15.156 dBi based on theory. Tests using wajanbolik showed an increase in the level of modem signals a low of 4 dB in measurement with indoor conditions during the day and 19 dB at the peak of measurements with outdoor conditions at night. Results of testing also showed an increase in average data transfer rate is 42 KBps up to 269 KBps compared to measurements without wajanbolik. Keywords: Reflector, Waveguide, Wajanbolic, USB adapter, EVDO.

Penggunaan teknologi komunikasi dengan menggunakan kabel kini sudah tergantikan oleh teknologi komunikasi tanpa kabel, dimana kebanyakan pengguna menggunakan perangkat access point yang memiliki jangkauan pancaran terbatas karena pola radiasi omnidirectional, sehingga diperlukan antena yang mempunyai pola radiasi directional untuk jangkauan pancaran yang lebih terarah. Antena yagi merupakan salah satu yang dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah ini. Dalam penelitian ini, antena Yagi yang dirancang dapat diaplikasikan pada sistem WLAN. Hasil dari implementasi didapatkan bahwa antena Yagi dapat bekerja pada frekuensi kerja WLAN 2,4 GHz. Dan selainitudiperoleh level kuat medan dengan rata-rata peningkatan penguatan antena yagi terhadap antena omni sebesar 12,1 dB. Disamping itu diperoleh gain antena yagi sebesar 16 dB sedangkan hasil simulasi sebesar 10 dB, beamwidth vertikal 250 dan horizontal 260, dan bandwidth antena 150 MHz, Pada penelitian ini hasil yang didapatkan dibandingkan dengan hasil dari software vistumbler dan SuperNEC 2.9. Kata kunci : Access point, antenna yagi, directional, vistumbler, 2,4 GHz, SuperNEC 2.9 Abstract The use of communication technologies by using cable technology has now been replaced by wireless communication, whichmost usersuse theaccess point device that has a limited range due to beam omnidirectional radiation pattern, so that the required antenna that has a directional radiation pattern to reach a more focused beam. Yagi antenna is one that can be used to overcome this problem. In this study, Yagi antenna is designed to be applied in WLAN system. Results obtained from the implementations that Yagi antennas can work at the operating frequency of 2.4 GHz WLAN. And besides it is obtained strong level terrain with an average increase of the antenna yagi antenna gain of 12.1dB omni. Besides, obtained yagi antenna gai nof 16 dB, while the simulation result sat 10 dB, 250 vertical and horizontal beamwidth of 260, and a bandwidth of 150 MHz antennas, In this study,the results obtained are compared with the results of the software vistumbler and SupeNEC 2.9. Keywords: Accesspoint, yagi antennas, directional, vistumbler, 2.4 GHz, SuperNEC 2.9