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2. Life expectancy associated with different ages at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes in high-income countries: 23 million person-years of observation

Author

Kaptoge, S, Seshasai, SRK, Sun, L, Walker, M, Bolton, T, Spackman, S, Ataklte, F, Willeit, P, Bell, S, Burgess, S, Pennells, L, Altay, S, Assmann, G, Ben-Shlomo, Y, Best, LG, Björkelund, C, Blazer, DG, Brenner, H, Brunner, EJ, Dagenais, GR, Cooper, JA, Cooper, C, Crespo, CJ, Cushman, M, D'Agostino, RB, Sr, Daimon, M, Daniels, LB, Danker, R, Davidson, KW, de Jongh, RT, Donfrancesco, C, Ducimetiere, P, Elders, PJM, Engström, G, Ford, I, Gallacher, I, Bakker, SJL, Goldbourt, U, de La Cámara, G, Grimsgaard, S, Gudnason, V, Hansson, PO, Imano, H, Jukema, JW, Kabrhel, C, Kauhanen, J, Kavousi, M, Kiechl, S, Knuiman, MW, Kromhout, D, Krumholz, HM, Kuller, LH, Laatikainen, T, Lowler, DA, Meyer, HE, Mukamal, K, Nietert, PJ, Ninomiya, T, Nitsch, D, Nordestgaard, BG, Palmieri, L, Price, JF, Ridker, PM, Sun, Q, Rosengren, A, Roussel, R, Sakurai, M, Salomaa, V, Schöttker, B, Shaw, JE, Strandberg, TE, Sundström, J, Tolonen, H, Tverdal, A, Verschuren, WMM, Völzke, H, Wagenknecht, L, Wallace, RB, Wannamethee, SG, Wareham, NJ, Wassertheil-Smoller, S, Yamagishi, K, Yeap, BB, Harrison, S, Inouye, M, Griffin, S, Butterworth, AS, Wood, AM, Thompson, SG, Sattar, N, Danesh, J, Di Angelantonio, E, Tipping, RW, Russell, S, Johansen, M, Bancks, MP, Mongraw-Chaffin, M, Magliano, D, Barr, ELM, Zimmet, PZ, Whincup, PH, Willeit, J, Leitner, C, Lawlor, DA, Elwood, P, Sutherland, SE, Hunt, KJ, Selmer, RM, Haheim, LL, Ariansen, I, Tybjaer-Hansen, A, Frikkle-Schmidt, R, Langsted, A, Lo Noce, C, Balkau, B, Bonnet, F, Fumeron, F, Pablos, DL, Ferro, CR, Morales, TG, Mclachlan, S, Guralnik, J, Khaw, KT, Holleczek, B, Stocker, H, Nissinen, A, Vartiainen, E, Jousilahti, P, Harald, K, Massaro, JM, Pencina, M, Lyass, A, Susa, S, Oizumi, T, Kayama, T, Chetrit, A, Roth, J, Orenstein, L, Welin, L, Svärdsudd, K, Lissner, L, Hange, D, Mehlig, K, Tilvis, RS, Dennison, E, Westbury, L, Norman, PE, Almeida, OP, Hankey, GJ, Hata, J, Shibata, M, Furuta, Y, Bom, MT, Rutters, F, Muilwijk, M, Kraft, P, Lindstrom, S, Turman, C, Kiyama, M, Kitamura, A, Gerber, Y, Salonen, JT, van Schoor, LN, van Zutphen, EM, Melander, O, Psaty, BM, Blaha, M, de Boer, IH, Kronmal, RA, Grandits, G, Shin, H-C, Albertorio, JR, Gillum, RF, Hu, FB, Humphries, S, Hill- Briggs, F, Vrany, E, Butler, M, Schwartz, JE, Iso, H, Amouyel, P, Arveiler, D, Ferrieres, J, Gansevoort, RT, de Boer, R, Kieneker, L, Trompet, S, Kearney, P, Cantin, B, Després, JP, Lamarche, B, Laughlin, G, McEvoy, L, Aspelund, T, Thorsson, B, Sigurdsson, G, Tilly, M, Ikram, MA, Dorr, M, Schipf, S, Fretts, AM, Umans, JG, Ali, T, Shara, N, Davey-Smith, G, Can, G, Yüksel, H, Özkan, U, Nakagawa, H, Morikawa, Y, Ishizaki, M, Njølstad, I, Wilsgaard, T, Mathiesen, E, Buring, J, Cook, N, Arndt, V, Rothenbacher, D, Manson, J, Tinker, L, Shipley, M, Tabak, AG, Kivimaki, M, Packard, C, Robertson, M, Feskens, E, and Geleijnse, M

Published
2023
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8. Sex-specific relevance of diabetes to occlusive vascular and other mortality: a collaborative meta-analysis of individual data from 980 793 adults from 68 prospective studies

Author

Gnatiuc, L, Herrington, WG, Halsey, J, Tuomilehto, J, Fang, X, Kim, HC, De Bacquer, D, Dobson, AJ, Criqui, MH, Jacobs, DR, Jr, Leon, DA, Peters, SAE, Ueshima, H, Sherliker, P, Peto, R, Collins, R, Huxley, RR, Emberson, JR, Woodward, M, Lewington, S, Aoki, N, Arima, H, Arnesen, E, Aromaa, A, Assmann, G, Bachman, DL, Baigent, C, Bartholomew, H, Benetos, A, Bengtsson, C, Bennett, D, Björkelund, C, Blackburn, H, Bonaa, K, Boyle, E, Broadhurst, R, Carstensen, J, Chambless, L, Chen, Z, Chew, SK, Clarke, R, Cox, C, Curb, JD, D'Agostino, R, Date, C, Davey Smith, G, De Backer, G, Dhaliwal, SS, Duan, XF, Ducimetiere, P, Duffy, S, Eliassen, H, Elwood, P, Empana, J, Garcia-Palmieri, MH, Gazes, P, Giles, GG, Gillis, C, Goldbourt, U, Gu, DF, Guasch-Ferre, M, Guize, L, Haheim, L, Hart, C, Hashimoto, S, Hashimoto, T, Heng, D, Hjermann, I, Ho, SC, Hobbs, M, Hole, D, Holme, I, Horibe, H, Hozawa, A, Hu, F, Hughes, K, Iida, M, Imai, K, Imai, Y, Iso, H, Jackson, R, Jamrozik, K, Jee, SH, Jensen, G, Jiang, CQ, Johansen, NB, Jorgensen, T, Jousilahti, P, Kagaya, M, Keil, J, Keller, J, Kim, IS, Kita, Y, Kitamura, A, Kiyohara, Y, Knekt, P, Knuiman, M, Kornitzer, M, Kromhout, D, Kronmal, R, Lam, TH, Law, M, Lee, J, Leren, P, Levy, D, Li, YH, Lissner, L, Luepker, R, Luszcz, M, MacMahon, S, Maegawa, H, Marmot, M, Matsutani, Y, Meade, T, Morris, J, Morris, R, Murayama, T, Naito, Y, Nakachi, K, Nakamura, M, Nakayama, T, Neaton, J, Nietert, PJ, Nishimoto, Y, Norton, R, Nozaki, A, Ohkubo, T, Okayama, A, Pan, WH, Puska, P, Qizilbash, N, Reunanen, A, Rimm, E, Rodgers, A, Saitoh, S, Sakata, K, Sato, S, Schnohr, P, Schulte, H, Selmer, R, Sharp, D, Shifu, X, Shimamoto, K, Shipley, M, Silbershatz, H, Sorlie, p, Sritara, P, Suh, I, Sutherland, SE, Sweetnam, P, Tamakoshi, A, Tanaka, H, Thomsen, T, Tominaga, S, Tomita, M, Törnberg, S, Tunstall-Pedoe, H, Tverdal, A, Vartiainen, E, Wald, N, Wannamethee, SG, Welborn, TA, Whincup, P, Whitlock, G, Willett, W, Woo, J, Wu, ZL, Yao, SX, Yarnell, J, Yokoyama, T, Yoshiike, N, and Zhang, XH

Published
2018
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11. Worldwide trends in diabetes since 1980: a pooled analysis of 751 population-based studies with 4·4 million participants

Author

Zhou, B, Lu, Y, Hajifathalian, K, Bentham, J, Di Cesare, M, Danaei, G, Bixby, H, Cowan, MJ, Ali, MK, Taddei, C, Lo, WC, Reis-Santos, B, Stevens, GA, Riley, LM, Miranda, JJ, Bjerregaard, P, Rivera, JA, Fouad, HM, Ma, G, Mbanya, JC, McGarvey, ST, Mohan, V, Onat, A, Pilav, A, Ramachandran, A, Romdhane, HB, Paciorek, CJ, Bennett, JE, Ezzati, M, Abdeen, ZA, Abdul Kadir, K, Abu-Rmeileh, NM, Acosta-Cazares, B, Adams, R, Aekplakorn, W, Aguilar-Salinas, CA, Agyemang, C, Ahmadvand, A, Al-Othman, AR, Alkerwi, A, Amouyel, P, Amuzu, A, Andersen, LB, Anderssen, SA, Anjana, RM, Aounallah-Skhiri, H, Aris, T, Arlappa, N, Arveiler, D, Assah, FK, Avdicová, M, Azizi, F, Balakrishna, N, Bandosz, P, Barbagallo, CM, Barceló, A, Batieha, AM, Baur, LA, Benet, M, Bernabe-Ortiz, A, Bharadwaj, S, Bhargava, SK, Bi, Y, Bjertness, E, Bjertness, MB, Björkelund, C, Blokstra, A, Bo, S, Boehm, BO, Boissonnet, CP, Bovet, P, Brajkovich, I, Breckenkamp, J, Brenner, H, Brewster, LM, Brian, GR, Bruno, G, Bugge, A, Cabrera de León, A, Can, G, Cândido, AP, Capuano, V, Carlsson, AC, Carvalho, MJ, Casanueva, FF, Casas, JP, Caserta, CA, Castetbon, K, Chamukuttan, S, Chaturvedi, N, Chen, CJ, Chen, F, Chen, S, Cheng, CY, Chetrit, A, Chiou, ST, Cho, Y, Chudek, J, Cifkova, R, Claessens, F, Concin, H, Cooper, C, Cooper, R, Costanzo, S, Cottel, D, Cowell, C, Crujeiras, AB, D'Arrigo, G, Dallongeville, J, Dankner, R, Dauchet, L, de Gaetano, G, De Henauw, S, Deepa, M, Dehghan, A, Deschamps, V, Dhana, K, Di Castelnuovo, AF, Djalalinia, S, Doua, K, Drygas, W, Du, Y, Dzerve, V, Egbagbe, EE, Eggertsen, R, El Ati, J, Elosua, R, Erasmus, RT, Erem, C, Ergor, G, Eriksen, L, Escobedo-de la Peña, J, Fall, CH, Farzadfar, F, Felix-Redondo, FJ, Ferguson, TS, Fernández-Bergés, D, Ferrari, M, Ferreccio, C, Feskens, EJ, Finn, JD, Föger, B, Foo, LH, Forslund, AS, Francis, DK, Franco Mdo, C, Franco, OH, Frontera, G, Furusawa, T, Gaciong, Z, Garnett, SP, Gaspoz, JM, Gasull, M, Gates, L, Geleijnse, JM, Ghasemian, A, Ghimire, A, Giampaoli, S, Gianfagna, F, Giovannelli, J, Giwercman, A, Gross, MG, González Rivas, JP, Gorbea, MB, Gottrand, F, Grafnetter, D, Grodzicki, T, Grøntved, A, Gruden, G, Gu, D, Guan, OP, Guerrero, R, Guessous, I, Guimaraes, AL, Gutierrez, L, Hambleton, IR, Hardy, R, Hari Kumar, R, Hata, J, He, J, Heidemann, C, Herrala, S, Hihtaniemi, IT, Ho, SY, Ho, SC, Hofman, A, Hormiga, CM, Horta, BL, Houti, L, Howitt, C, Htay, TT, Htet, AS, Htike, MM, Hu, Y, Hussieni, AS, Huybrechts, I, Hwalla, N, Iacoviello, L, Iannone, AG, Ibrahim, MM, Ikeda, N, Ikram, MA, Irazola, VE, Islam, M, Iwasaki, M, Jacobs, JM, Jafar, T, Jamil, KM, Jasienska, G, Jiang, CQ, Jonas, JB, Joshi, P, Kafatos, A, Kalter-Leibovici, O, Kasaeian, A, Katz, J, Kaur, P, Kavousi, M, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi, S, Kelishadi, R, Kengne, AP, Kersting, M, Khader, YS, Khalili, D, Khang, YH, Kiechl, S, Kim, J, Kolsteren, P, Korrovits, P, Kratzer, W, Kromhout, D, Kujala, UM, Kula, K, Kyobutungi, C, Laatikainen, T, Lachat, C, Laid, Y, Lam, TH, Landrove, O, Lanska, V, Lappas, G, Laxmaiah, A, Leclercq, C, Lee, J, Lehtimäki, T, Lekhraj, R, León-Muñoz, LM, Li, Y, Lim, WY, Lima-Costa, MF, Lin, HH, Lin, X, Lissner, L, Lorbeer, R, Lozano, JE, Luksiene, D, Lundqvist, A, Lytsy, P, Machado-Coelho, GL, Machi, S, Maggi, S, Magliano, DJ, Makdisse, M, Mallikharjuna Rao, K, Manios, Y, Manzato, E, Margozzini, P, Marques-Vidal, P, Martorell, R, Masoodi, SR, Mathiesen, EB, Matsha, TE, McFarlane, SR, McLachlan, S, McNulty, BA, Mediene-Benchekor, S, Meirhaeghe, A, Menezes, AM, Merat, S, Meshram, II, Mi, J, Miquel, JF, Mohamed, MK, Mohammad, K, Mohammadifard, N, Mohd Yusoff, MF, Møller, NC, Molnár, D, Mondo, CK, Morejon, A, Moreno, LA, Morgan, K, Moschonis, G, Mossakowska, M, Mostafa, A, Mota, J, Motta, J, Mu, TT, Muiesan, ML, Müller-Nurasyid, M, Mursu, J, Nagel, G, Námešná, J, Nang, EE, NangThetia, VB, Navarrete-Muñoz, EM, Ndiaye, NC, Nenko, I, Nervi, F, Nguyen, ND, Nguyen, QN, Nieto-Martínez, RE, Ning, G, Ninomiya, T, Noale, M, Noto, D, Nsour, MA, Ochoa-Avilés, AM, Oh, K, Ordunez, P, Osmond, C, Otero, JA, Owusu-Dabo, E, Pahomova, E, Palmieri, L, Panda-Jonas, S, Panza, F, Parsaeian, M, Peixoto, SV, Pelletier, C, Peltonen, M, Peters, A, Peykari, N, Pham, ST, Pitakaka, F, Piwonska, A, Piwonski, J, Plans-Rubió, P, Porta, M, Portegies, ML, Poustchi, H, Pradeepa, R, Price, JF, Punab, M, Qasrawi, RF, Qorbani, M, Radisauskas, R, Rahman, M, Raitakari, O, Rao, SR, Ramke, J, Ramos, R, Rampal, S, Rathmann, W, Redon, J, Reganit, PF, Rigo, F, Robinson, SM, Robitaille, C, Rodríguez-Artalejo, F, Rodriguez-Perez Mdel, C, Rodríguez-Villamizar, LA, Rojas-Martinez, R, Ronkainen, K, Rosengren, A, Rubinstein, A, Rui, O, Ruiz-Betancourt, BS, Russo Horimoto, RV, Rutkowski, M, Sabanayagam, C, Sachdev, HS, Saidi, O, Sakarya, S, Salanave, B, Salonen, JT, Salvetti, M, Sánchez-Abanto, J, Santos, D, dos Santos, RN, Santos, R, Saramies, JL, Sardinha, LB, Sarrafzadegan, N, Saum, KU, Scazufca, M, Schargrodsky, H, Scheidt-Nave, C, Sein, AA, Sharma, SK, Shaw, JE, Shibuya, K, Shin, Y, Shiri, R, Siantar, R, Sibai, AM, Simon, M, Simons, J, Simons, LA, Sjostrom, M, Slowikowska-Hilczer, J, Slusarczyk, P, Smeeth, L, Snijder, MB, So, HK, Sobngwi, E, Söderberg, S, Solfrizzi, V, Sonestedt, E, Soumare, A, Staessen, JA, Stathopoulou, MG, Steene-Johannessen, J, Stehle, P, Stein, AD, Stessman, J, Stöckl, D, Stokwiszewski, J, Stronks, K, Strufaldi, MW, Sun, CA, Sundström, J, Sung, YT, Suriyawongpaisal, P, Sy, RG, Tai, ES, Tamosiunas, A, Tang, L, Tarawneh, M, Tarqui-Mamani, CB, Taylor, A, Theobald, H, Thijs, L, Thuesen, BH, Tolonen, HK, Tolstrup, JS, Topbas, M, Torrent, M, Traissac, P, Trinh, OT, Tulloch-Reid, MK, Tuomainen, TP, Turley, ML, Tzourio, C, Ueda, P, Ukoli, FA, Ulmer, H, Uusitalo, HM, Valdivia, G, Valvi, D, van Rossem, L, van Valkengoed, IG, Vanderschueren, D, Vanuzzo, D, Vega, T, Velasquez-Melendez, G, Veronesi, G, Verschuren, WM, Verstraeten, R, Viet, L, Vioque, J, Virtanen, JK, Visvikis-Siest, S, Viswanathan, B, Vollenweider, P, Voutilainen, S, Vrijheid, M, Wade, AN, Wagner, A, Walton, J, Wan Mohamud, WN, Wang, F, Wang, MD, Wang, Q, Wang, YX, Wannamethee, SG, Weerasekera, D, Whincup, PH, Widhalm, K, Wiecek, A, Wijga, AH, Wilks, RJ, Willeit, J, Wilsgaard, T, Wojtyniak, B, Wong, TY, Woo, J, Woodward, M, Wu, FC, Wu, SL, Xu, H, Yan, W, Yang, X, Ye, X, Yoshihara, A, Younger-Coleman, NO, Zambon, S, Zargar, AH, Zdrojewski, T, Zhao, W, Zheng, Y, and Zuñiga Cisneros, J

Published
2016
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12. Effects of diabetes definition on global surveillance of diabetes prevalence and diagnosis: a pooled analysis of 96 population-based studies with 331 288 participants

Author

Danaei, G, Fahimi, S, Lu, Y, Zhou, B, Hajifathalian, K, Di Cesare, M, Lo, WC, Reis-Santos, B, Cowan, MJ, Shaw, JE, Bentham, J, Lin, JK, Bixby, H, Magliano, D, Bovet, P, Miranda, JJ, Khang, YH, Stevens, GA, Riley, LM, Ali, MK, Ezzati, M, Abdeen, ZA, Kadir, KA, Abu-Rmeileh, M, Acosta-Cazares, B, Aekplakorn, W, Aguilar-Salinas, CA, Ahmadvand, A, Al Nsour, M, Alkerwi, A, Amouyel, P, Andersen, LB, Anderssen, SA, Andrade, DS, Anjana, RM, Aounallah-Skhiri, H, Aris, T, Arlappa, N, Arveiler, D, Assah, FK, Avdicová, M, Balakrishna, N, Bandosz, P, Barbagallo, CM, Barceló, A, Batieha, AM, Baur, LA, Ben Romdhane, H, Bernabe-Ortiz, A, Bhargava, SK, Bi, Y, Bjerregaard, P, Björkelund, C, Blake, M, Blokstra, A, Bo, S, Boehm, BO, Boissonnet, CP, Brajkovich, I, Breckenkamp, J, Brewster, LM, Brian, GR, Bruno, G, Bugge, A, Cabrera de León, A, Can, G, Cândido, AP, Capuano, V, Carvalho, MJ, Casanueva, FF, Caserta, CA, Castetbon, K, Chamukuttan, S, Chaturvedi, N, Chen, CJ, Chen, F, Chen, S, Cheng, CY, Chetrit, A, Chiou, ST, Cho, Y, Chudek, J, Cifkova, R, Claessens, F, Concin, H, Cooper, C, Cooper, R, Costanzo, S, Cottel, D, Cowell, C, Crujeiras, AB, D'Arrigo, G, Dallongeville, J, Dankner, R, Dauchet, L, de Gaetano, G, De Henauw, S, Deepa, M, Dehghan, A, Dhana, K, Di Castelnuovo, AF, Djalalinia, S, Doua, K, Drygas, W, Du, Y, Egbagbe, EE, Eggertsen, R, El Ati, J, Elosua, R, Erasmus, RT, Erem, C, Ergor, G, Eriksen, L, Escobedo-de la Peña, J, Fall, CH, Farzadfar, F, Felix-Redondo, FJ, Ferguson, TS, Fernández-Bergés, D, Ferrari, M, Ferreccio, C, Finn, JD, Föger, B, Foo, LH, Fouad, HM, Francis, DK, Franco Mdo, C, Frontera, G, Furusawa, T, Gaciong, Z, Galbarczyk, A, Garnett, SP, Gaspoz, JM, Gasull, M, Gates, L, Geleijnse, JM, Ghasemain, A, Giampaoli, S, Gianfagna, F, Giovannelli, J, Gonzalez Gross, M, González Rivas, JP, Gorbea, MB, Gottrand, F, Grant, JF, Grodzicki, T, Grøntved, A, Gruden, G, Gu, D, Guan, OP, Guerrero, R, Guessous, I, Guimaraes, AL, Gutierrez, L, Hardy, R, Hari Kumar, R, Heidemann, C, Hihtaniemi, IT, Ho, SY, Ho, SC, Hofman, A, Horimoto, AR, Hormiga, CM, Horta, BL, Houti, L, Hussieni, AS, Huybrechts, I, Hwalla, N, Iacoviello, L, Iannone, AG, Ibrahim, MM, Ikeda, N, Ikram, MA, Irazola, VE, Islam, M, Iwasaki, M, Jacobs, JM, Jafar, T, Jasienska, G, Jiang, CQ, Jonas, JB, Joshi, P, Kafatos, A, Kalter-Leibovici, O, Kasaeian, A, Katz, J, Kaur, P, Kavousi, M, Kelishadi, R, Kengne, AP, Kersting, M, Khader, YS, Kiechl, S, Kim, J, Kiyohara, Y, Kolsteren, P, Korrovits, P, Koskinen, S, Kratzer, W, Kromhout, D, Kula, K, Kurjata, P, Kyobutungi, C, Lachat, C, Laid, Y, Lam, TH, Lanska, V, Lappas, G, Laxmaiah, A, Leclercq, C, Lee, J, Lehtimäki, T, Lekhraj, R, León-Muñoz, LM, Li, Y, Lim, WY, Lima-Costa, MF, Lin, HH, Lin, X, Lissner, L, Lorbeer, R, Lozano, JE, Lundqvist, A, Lytsy, P, Ma, G, Machado-Coelho, GL, Machi, S, Maggi, S, Makdisse, M, Mallikharjuna v, K, Manios, Y, Manzato, E, Margozzini, P, Marques-Vidal, P, Martorell, R, Masoodi, SR, Matsha, TE, Mbanya, JC, McFarlane, SR, McGarvey, ST, McLachlan, S, McNulty, BA, Mediene-Benchekor, S, Meirhaeghe, A, Menezes, AM, Merat, S, Meshram, II, Mi, J, Miquel, JF, Mohamed, MK, Mohammad, K, Mohan, V, Mohd Yusoff, MF, Møller, NC, Molnar, D, Mondo, CK, Moreno, LA, Morgan, K, Moschonis, G, Mossakowska, M, Mostafa, A, Mota, J, Muiesan, ML, Müller-Nurasyid, M, Mursu, J, Nagel, G, Námešná, J, Nang, EE, Nangia, VB, Navarrete-Muñoz, EM, Ndiaye, NC, Nervi, F, Nguyen, ND, Nieto-Martínez, RE, Alvarado, L, Ning, G, Ninomiya, T, Noale, M, Noto, D, Ochoa-Avilés, M, Oh, K, Onat, A, Osmond, C, Otero, JA, Palmieri, L, Panda-Jonas, S, Panza, F, Parsaeian, M, Peixoto, SV, Pereira, AC, Peters, A, Peykari, N, Pilav, A, Pitakaka, F, Piwonska, A, Piwonski, J, Plans-Rubió, P, Porta, M, Portegies, ML, Poustchi, H, Pradeepa, R, Price, JF, Punab, M, Qasrawi, RF, Qorbani, M, Raitakari, O, Ramachandra Rao, S, Ramachandran, A, Ramos, R, Rampal, S, Rathmann, W, Redon, J, Reganit, PF, Rigo, F, Robinson, SM, Robitaille, C, Rodríguez, LA, Rodríguez-Artalejo, F, del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez, M, Rojas-Martinez, R, Romaguera, D, Rosengren, A, Rubinstein, A, Rui, O, Ruiz-Betancourt, BS, Rutkowski, M, Sabanayagam, C, Sachdev, HS, Saidi, O, Sakarya, S, Salanave, B, Salonen, JT, Salvetti, M, Sánchez-Abanto, J, Santos, RN, Santos, R, Sardinha, LB, Scazufca, M, Schargrodsky, H, Scheidt-Nave, C, Shibuya, K, Shin, Y, Shiri, R, Siantar, R, Sibai, AM, Simon, M, Simons, J, Simons, LA, Sjostrom, M, Slowikowska-Hilczer, J, Slusarczyk, P, Smeeth, L, Snijder, MB, Solfrizzi, V, Sonestedt, E, Soumare, A, Staessen, JA, Steene-Johannessen, J, Stehle, P, Stein, AD, Stessman, J, Stöckl, D, Stokwiszewski, J, Strufaldi, MW, Sun, CA, Sundström, J, Suriyawongpaisal, P, Sy, RG, Tai, ES, Tarawneh, M, Tarqui-Mamani, CB, Thijs, L, Tolstrup, JS, Topbas, M, Torrent, M, Traissac, P, Trinh, OT, Tulloch-Reid, MK, Tuomainen, TP, Turley, ML, Tzourio, C, Ueda, P, Ukoli, FM, Ulmer, H, Valdivia, G, van Valkengoed, IG, Vanderschueren, D, Vanuzzo, D, Vega, T, Velasquez-Melendez, G, Veronesi, G, Verschuren, M, Vioque, J, Virtanen, J, Visvikis-Siest, S, Viswanathan, B, Vollenweider, P, Voutilainen, S, Wade, AN, Wagner, A, Walton, J, Mohamud, WN, Wang, MD, Wang, YX, Wannamethee, SG, Weerasekera, D, Whincup, PH, Widhalm, K, Wiecek, A, Wilks, RJ, Willeit, J, Wojtyniak, B, Wong, TY, Woo, J, Woodward, M, Wu, AG, Wu, FC, Wu, SL, Xu, H, Yang, X, Ye, X, Yoshihara, A, Younger-Coleman, NO, Zambon, S, Zargar, AH, Zdrojewski, T, Zhao, W, and Zheng, Y

Published
2015
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15. Ultra-processed foods consumption and diet quality of European children, adolescents and adults: Results from the I.Family study

Author

Lauria, F., Dello Russo, M., Formisano, A., De Henauw, S., Hebestreit, A., Hunsberger, M., Krogh, Vittorio, Intemann, T., Lissner, L., Molnar, D., Moreno, L.A., Reisch, L.A., Tornaritis, M., Veidebaum, T., Williams, G., Siani, A., Russo, P., and consortium, I.Family

Subjects
Adult, Male, Nova classification, Calorie, Adolescent, Food Handling, Adolescent Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Saturated fat, Health Behavior, Population, Child Behavior, Nutritional Status, Medicine (miscellaneous), Recommended Dietary Allowances, Adolescents, Diet Surveys, Young Adult, Environmental health, Ultra-processed foods, Humans, Adults, Medicine, Child, education, Children, Consumption (economics), education.field_of_study, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Age Factors, Feeding Behavior, Diet, Europe, Diet quality, Adolescent Behavior, Food processing, Fast Foods, Food systems, Early adolescents, Female, Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Energy Intake, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Nutritive Value
Abstract

Background and aims Food processing has been indicated as a factor capable of negatively affecting the global food system, including the profile of consumers’ diets. The objectives of the present study were to provide a description of the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) in the large population of children, adolescents and adults from eight European countries participating to the I.Family study, and to investigate the association between UPFs intake and nutritional quality of the diet. Methods and results Dietary intake was assessed using a 24-h dietary recall. The quality of the diet was evaluated by the Healthy Dietary Adherence Score (HDAS) using an FFQ. UPFs were classified according to the NOVA classification. Almost half of the daily energy intake of the 7073 participants came from UPFs, and this trend decreased progressively with age. UPFs contributed more than 50 % of the daily intake of total and saturated fat, carbohydrates and about 70 % of sugars intake in children and adolescents. No differences in UPFs consumption were found according to the educational and socio-economic status of the population. Energy intake increased across the quintiles of UPFs intake, while HDAS decreased. The frequency of consumption of fruit and vegetable, fish, and fibre rich foods was low in the fifth quintile of UPFs intake, both in adolescents and in adults. The consumption of foods rich in calories and low in nutritional content, operationally defined as “junk food”, was significantly higher in the fifth quintile. Conclusions In the population of the European I.Family study, UPFs contributed a large proportion of the daily energy intake, especially in children and adolescents. Higher consumption of UPFs was associated with a lower quality of the diet. Registration number for clinical trials ISRCTN62310987.

Published
2021

18. Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels in middle-aged women in relationship to adiposity and height trajectories over three decades

Author

Lehtinen-Jacks, S., Agelii, M. Leu, Hunsberger, M., Zetterberg, H., and Lissner, L.

Subjects
Women -- Health aspects, Adipose tissues -- Health aspects, Alfacalcidol -- Health aspects, Calcifediol -- Health aspects, Vitamin D -- Health aspects, Food/cooking/nutrition, Health
Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The long-term chronology of the association between low serum concentrations of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) and weight status is unclear. We examined whether lower 25(OH)D in middle-aged women drives upwards the weight, body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) over the next 32 years, and whether higher 25(OH)D might predict less decline in the mid- to late-life height trajectory. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The Population Study of Women in Gothenburg started in 1968-1969 (the baseline) in 38-60-year-old women residing in Gothenburg, Sweden. Anthropometric measures were taken at baseline and 4 re-examinations until 2000- 2003. Levels of 25(OH)D were analyzed in serum stored since baseline in 1227 (84%) women. Repeated measures analyses were used to model associations between 25(OH)D (dichotomized, cut point 51.45 nmol/l) at baseline and anthropometric trajectories, adjusting for fixed and time-dependent covariates. RESULTS: At baseline, mean BMI was 25.2 kg/[m.sup.2] in women with low 25(OH)D and 23.8 kg/[m.sup.2] in the remaining women (P < 0.001), but this difference did not increase over 32 years and longitudinal differences were explained by the baseline BMI. Similar results were observed for weight and WHR. In contrast, no association was seen for height at baseline or longitudinally. CONCLUSIONS: No relationship was observed between 25(OH)D height trajectory, but lower 25(OH)D was associated with higher BMI, weight and WHR differences that were maintained over three decades. This provides no evidence for the direction of causality, but for a life-long difference in adiposity-related measures according to the 25D level in middle-aged women. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2016) 70, 709-714; doi:10.1038/ejcn.2016.11; published online 24 February 2016, INTRODUCTION Lower serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) levels (hereafter referred to as 25D) are well known to be associated with obesity, but the direction of causality remains unclear as summarized [...]

Published
2016
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20. Body composition through adult life: Swedish reference data on body composition

Author

Larsson, I., Lissner, L., Samuelson, G., Fors, H., Lantz, H., Naslund, I., Carlsson, L.M.S., Sjostrom, L., and Bosaeus, I.

Subjects
Body composition -- Demographic aspects, Reference values (Medicine), Food/cooking/nutrition, Health
Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The prevalence of obesity, defined as body mass index (BMI) [greater than or equal to] 30 kg/[m.sup.2], differs between populations; however, there is a need for data on description on body composition in reference populations of different ages and from different countries. The objective of this study was to pool dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) body composition reference data from population-based Swedish cohorts. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Four population-based cross-sectional cohort studies including 1424 adult Swedes were divided into five age groups (20-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-61 and 75 years of age); BMI 24.6 [+ or -] 3.9 kg/[m.sup.2] were pooled. Body composition was measured with DXA. RESULTS: The difference in BMI from the youngest to the oldest age group was 3.2 and 4.3 kg/[m.sup.2] in men and women, respectively (P < 0.001, both sexes), and fat mass (FM) was 9.9 and 9.1% higher in the oldest compared with the youngest men and women (P < 0.001, both sexes). Fat-free mass (FFM) remained stable up to 60 years of age in men (P = 0.83) and was lower at 75 years of age compared with the younger ages. In women, FFM was lower from age 60. From youngest to oldest age groups, height- adjusted FM differed from 4.6 to 7.8 kg/[m.sup.2] in men and from 6.8 to 10.8 kg/[m.sup.2] in women (P < 0.001, both sexes). CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide reference data on body composition in Swedish populations. BMI and FM were higher among older age groups compared with the younger ones. FFM remained stable up to 60 years of age and was lower first among the 75 years of age. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2015) 69, 837-842; doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2014.268; published online 17 December 2014, INTRODUCTION The prevalence of overweight and obesity has increased differently between countries. (1) These differences depend on factors such as the composition of gender, age, ethnicity groups and several environmental [...]

Published
2015
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21. Perceived mental stress in women associated with psychosomatic symptoms, but not mortality: observations from the Population Study of Women in Gothenburg, Sweden

Author

Hange D, Mehlig K, Lissner L, Guo X, Bengtsson C, Skoog I, and Björkelund C

Subjects
Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Dominique Hange,1 Kirsten Mehlig,2 Lauren Lissner,2 Xinxin Guo,3 Calle Bengtsson,1,† Ingmar Skoog,3 Cecilia Björkelund1 1Department of Public Health and Community Medicine/Primary Health Care, 2Department of Public Health and Community Medicine/Public Health Epidemiology, 3Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Section of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology Unit, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden †Calle Bengtsson passed away on 23rd March 2013 Purpose: To investigate possible association between mental stress and psychosomatic symptoms, socioeconomic status, lifestyle, as well as incident mortality in a middle-aged female population followed over 37 years. Methods: A prospective observational study initiated in 1968–1969, including 1462 women aged 60, 54, 50, 46, and 38 years, with follow-ups in 1974–1975, 1980–1981, and 2000–2001, was performed. Measures included self-reported mental stress as well as psychosomatic symptoms and smoking, physical activity, total cholesterol, S-triglycerides, body mass index, waist–hip ratio, blood pressure, socioeconomic status and mortality. Results: Smoking, not being single, and not working outside home were strongly associated with reported mental stress at baseline. Women who reported high mental stress in 1968–1969 were more likely to report presence of abdominal symptoms (odds ratio [OR] = 1.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.39–2.46), headache/migraine (OR = 2.04, 95% CI: 1.53–2.72), frequent infections (OR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.14–2.70), and musculoskeletal symptoms (OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.30–2.23) than women who did not report mental stress. Women without these symptoms at baseline 1968–1969, but with perceived mental stress were more likely to subsequently report incident abdominal symptoms (OR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.39–3.34), headache/migraine (OR = 2.27, 95% CI: 1.48–3.48) and frequent infections (OR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.12–4.36) in 1974–1975 than women without mental stress in 1968–1969. There was no association between perceived mental stress at baseline and mortality over 37 years of follow-up. Conclusion: Women reporting mental stress had a higher frequency of psychosomatic symptoms than women who did not report these symptoms. Not working outside home and smoking rather than low socioeconomic status per se was associated with higher stress levels. Perception of high mental stress was not associated with increased mortality. Keywords: cardiovascular disease, mental stress, mortality, psychosomatic symptoms, population study, women

Published
2013

23. European children's sugar intake on weekdays versus weekends: the IDEFICS study

Author

Svensson, A., Larsson, C., Eiben, G., Lanfer, A., Pala, V., Hebestreit, A., Huybrechts, I., Fernandez-Alvira, J.M., Russo, P., Koni, A.C., De Henauw, S., Veidebaum, T., Molnar, D., and Lissner, L.

Subjects
Medical research, Medicine, Experimental, Children -- Health aspects, Sugar -- Health aspects -- Demographic aspects, Food/cooking/nutrition, Health
Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To compare the intake of total sugars, foods and drinks rich in added sugar, and energy in children on weekdays (Monday-Thursday), Fridays and weekends. METHODS: Dietary intake (g, kJ, energy %) was assessed using a computerized 24-h recall method in a sample of 2- to 9-year-old children from Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Spain and Sweden who were participating in the IDEFICS baseline study (2007-2008). Analyses were performed in 9497 children by selecting one 24-h recall per child (for comparison of weekdays vs weekends, and Fridays vs weekdays and weekends). Selected stratified analyses were performed by country and age group. RESULTS: Intake of total sugars exceeded 20 energy % in all countries but one. In the non-stratified analyses, the intakes of total sugars and foods and drinks rich in added sugar were found to be higher on weekends compared with weekdays (both P < 0.001), and intakes on Fridays were a mix between intakes on weekdays and weekends. Energy intake did not differ between weekdays and weekends. Results were somewhat heterogeneous, both across countries and age groups. CONCLUSIONS: High intake of sugar remains an important nutritional problem in children of many European countries. Interventions aiming to prevent this diet pattern may optimize their impact by targeting dietary habits on Fridays and weekends. Furthermore, when conducting dietary assessment in children, data from weekends and Fridays in combination with a selection of Mondays to Thursdays are needed to capture habitual sugar intake. Age and dietary cultures should also be considered in dietary intervention and assessment as effect modifications were seen for both age and country. doi:10.1038/ejcn.2014.87; published online 14 May 2014, INTRODUCTION There is currently no common European recommendation for sugar intake. (1) However, reducing the amount of sugar consumed is one of the most important dietary interventions to improve childhood [...]

Published
2014
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24. Young children's screen activities, sweet drink consumption and anthropometry: results from a prospective European study

Author

Olafsdottir, S., Berg, C., Eiben, G., Lanfer, A., Reisch, L., Ahrens, W., Kourides, Y., Molnar, D., Moreno, L.A., Siani, A., Veidebaum, T., and Lissner, L.

Subjects
Obesity in children -- Research -- Risk factors, Television and children -- Research -- Health aspects, Carbonated beverages -- Health aspects, Food/cooking/nutrition, Health
Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This longitudinal study describes the relationship between young children's screen time, dietary habits and anthropometric measures. The hypothesis was that television viewing and other screen activities at baseline result in increased consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and increased BMI, BMI z-score and waist to height ratio (WHtR) two years later. A second hypothesis was that SSB consumption mediates the association between the screen activities and changes in the anthropometric measures. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The study is a part of the prospective cohort study IDEFICS ('Identification and prevention of dietary and lifestyle-induced health effects in children and infants'), investigating diet, lifestyle and social determinants of obesity in 2 to 9-year-olds in eight European countries (baseline n = 16 225, two-year follow- up; n = 11 038). Anthropometry was objectively measured, and behaviours were parent-reported. RESULTS: The main hypothesis was supported, but the second hypothesis was not confirmed. The odds ratio of being in the highest quintile of % change in WHtR was 1.26 (95% CI: 1.17-1.36) and in BMI 1.22 (95% CI: 1.13-1.31), for each hour per day watching television. The odds ratio of having increased SSB consumption was 1.19 (95% CI: 1.09-1.29) for each hour per day watching TV. The associations for total screen time were slightly weaker. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate substantial effects of TV viewing and other screen activities for young children, both on their consumption of sugary drinks and on an increase in BMI and central obesity. Our findings suggest that television viewing seems to have a stronger effect on food habits and anthropometry than other screen activities in this age group. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2014) 68, 223-228; doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.234; published online 20 November 2013 Keywords: Children; screen time; television; soft drinks; overweight, INTRODUCTION Childhood obesity has a complex etiology and, according to a recent review, has long-term effects into adulthood, including premature mortality and morbidity. (1) Systematic reviews (2,3) and pooled analysis [...]

Published
2014
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26. List of contributors

Author

Baker, J.L., primary, Baranowski, J., additional, Baranowski, T., additional, Bes-Rastrollo, M., additional, Boylan, S., additional, Bray, G.A., additional, Clifton, P., additional, Diep, C.S., additional, Economos, C.D., additional, Fogelholm, M., additional, Fong, M., additional, Fuller, N.R., additional, Gill, T.P., additional, Grace, C., additional, Hatfield, D.P., additional, Herman, C.P., additional, Hu, F., additional, Hunsberger, M., additional, Jackson-Leach, R., additional, James, W.P.T., additional, Keller, K., additional, Kelly, B., additional, King, L., additional, Lau, N.S., additional, Lissner, L., additional, Luscombe-Marsh, N.D., additional, Martinez-Gonzalez, M.A., additional, Poelman, M.P., additional, Polivy, J., additional, Pomeranz, L., additional, Popkin, B.M., additional, Proietto, J., additional, Rayner, M., additional, Roberto, C.A., additional, Rolls, B.J., additional, Soo, J., additional, Stanton, R., additional, Steenhuis, I.H.M., additional, Stubbs, R.J., additional, Sumithran, P., additional, Thow, A.M., additional, Tognon, G., additional, Vermeer, W.M., additional, and Williams, R., additional

Published
2015
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32. Financial Stress and the Need for Change.

Author

Lissner, L. Scott and Taylor, Alton L.

Abstract

Examination of economic and demographic factors suggests that 1990s fiscal crises in higher education coincided with a cyclical economic downturn. Structural shifts in political and economic environments also created different challenges to maintaining excellence in teaching, research and service than in previous cyclical downturns. In response, decisionmakers are relying less on traditional strategic planning and engaging in more strategic thinking. (MSE)

Published
1996
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39. Dietary patterns and longitudinal change in body mass in European children: a follow-up study on the IDEFICS multicenter cohort

Author

Pala, V., Lissner, L., Hebestreit, A., Lanfer, A., Sieri, S., Siani, A., Huybrechts, I., Kambek, L., Molnar, D., Tornaritis, M., Moreno, L., Ahrens, W., and Krogh, V.

Subjects
Obesity in children -- Prevention, Food/cooking/nutrition, Health
Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Longitudinal studies investigating dietary patterns (DPs) and their association with childhood overweight/obesity are lacking in Europe. We identified DPs and investigated their association with overweight/obesity and changes in body mass index (BMI) in a cohort of European children. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Children aged 2-10 from eight European countries were recruited in 2007-2008. Food frequency questionnaires were collected from 14989 children. BMI and BMI z-scores were derived from height and weight and were used to identify overweight/obese children. After 2 years (mean), anthropometric measurements were repeated in 9427 children. Principal component analysis was used to identify DPs. Simplified DPs (SDPs) were derived from DPs. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for overweight/obesity with increasing DP intake were estimated using multilevel logistic regression. Associations of BMI change with DP and SDP were assessed by multilevel mixed regression. Models were adjusted for baseline BMI, age, sex, physical activity and family income. RESULTS: Four DPs were identified that explained 25% of food intake variance: snacking, sweet and fat, vegetables and wholemeal, and protein and water. After 2 years, 849(9%) children became overweight/obese. Children in the highest vegetables and wholemeal tertile had lower risk of becoming overweight/obese (OR: 0.69, 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 0.54-0.88). Children in the highest SDP tertile of vegetables and wholemeal had similarly lower risk of becoming overweight/obese (OR: 0.64, 95% CIs: 0.51-0.82), and their BMI increased by 0.7 kg/[m.sup.2] over the study period-- significantly less than the increase in the lowest tertile (0.84 kg/[m.sup.2]). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that promoting a diet rich in vegetables and wholemeal cereals may counteract overweight/obesity in children. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2013) 67, 1042-1049; doi: 10.1038/ejcn.2013.145; published online 14 August 2013 Keywords: dietary patterns; simplified dietary patterns; children; body mass index; overweight; cohort study, INTRODUCTION Childhood overweight and obesity increased at an alarming rate in Europe and elsewhere up to about 2000, but now it appears to have levelled off. (1) However, childhood overweight [...]

Published
2013
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42. The temporal relationship between parental concern of overeating and childhood obesity considering genetic susceptibility : longitudinal results from the IDEFICS/I.Family study

Author

Masip, G, Foraita, R, Silventoinen, K, Adan, RAH, Ahrens, W, De Henauw, Stefaan, Hebestreit, A, Keski-Rahkonen, A, Lissner, L, Mehlig, K, Molnar, D, Moreno, LA, Pigeot, I, Russo, P, Veidebaum, T, Bogl, LH, and Kaprio, J

Subjects
OVERWEIGHT, EATING BEHAVIOR, Mediation, TWIN, PATHWAYS, BODY-MASS INDEX, POOLED ANALYSIS, ENERGY-INTAKE, Overeating, Polygenic risk score, Temporal associations, Medicine and Health Sciences, Genetics, Obesity, WEIGHT, Body mass index, EXPENDITURE, ASSOCIATIONS
Abstract

Background: Many genes and molecular pathways are associated with obesity, but the mechanisms from genes to obesity are less well known. Eating behaviors represent a plausible pathway, but because the relationships of eating behaviors and obesity may be bi-directional, it remains challenging to resolve the underlying pathways. A longitudinal approach is needed to assess the contribution of genetic risk during the development of obesity in childhood. In this study we aim to examine the relationships between the polygenic risk score for body mass index (PRS-BMI), parental concern of overeating and obesity indices during childhood. Methods: The IDEFICS/I.Family study is a school-based multicenter pan-European cohort of children observed for 6 years (mean +/- SD follow-up 5.8 +/- 0.4). Children examined in 2007/2008 (wave 1) (mean +/- SD age: 4.4 +/- 1.1, range: 2-9 years), in 2009/2010 (wave 2) and in 2013/2014 (wave 3) were included. A total of 5112 children (49% girls) participated at waves 1, 2 and 3. For 2656 children with genome-wide data we constructed a PRS based on 2.1 million single nucleotide polymorphisms. Z-score BMI and z-score waist circumference (WC) were assessed and eating behaviors and relevant confounders were reported by parents via questionnaires. Parental concern of overeating was derived from principal component analyses from an eating behavior questionnaire. Results: In cross-lagged models, the prospective associations between z-score obesity indices and parental concern of overeating were bi-directional. In mediation models, the association between the PRS-BMI and parental concern of overeating at wave 3 was mediated by baseline z-BMI (beta = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.10, 0.21) and baseline z-WC (beta = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.11, 0.23). To a lesser extent, baseline parental concern of overeating also mediated the association between the PRS-BMI and z-BMI at wave 3 (beta = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.13) and z-WC at wave 3 (beta = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.12). Conclusions: The findings suggest that the prospective associations between obesity indices and parental concern of overeating are likely bi-directional, but obesity indices have a stronger association with future parental concern of overeating than vice versa. The findings suggest parental concern of overeating as a possible mediator in the genetic susceptibility to obesity and further highlight that other pathways are also involved. A better understanding of the genetic pathways that lead to childhood obesity can help to prevent weight gain.

Published
2021

43. The temporal relationship between parental concern of overeating and childhood obesity considering genetic susceptibility: longitudinal results from the IDEFICS/I.Family study

Author

Masip, G., Foraita, R., Silventoinen, K., Adan, R.A.H., Ahrens, W., De Henauw, S., Hebestreit, A., Keski-Rahkonen, A., Lissner, L., Mehlig, K., Molnar, D., Moreno, L.A., Pigeot, I., Russo, P., Veidebaum, T., Bogl, L.H., Kaprio, J., and on behalf of the IDEFICS/I.Family Consortia

Subjects
RC620-627, Overeating, Polygenic risk score, Temporal associations, Genetics, Obesity, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, Body mass index
Abstract

Background: Many genes and molecular pathways are associated with obesity, but the mechanisms from genes to obesity are less well known. Eating behaviors represent a plausible pathway, but because the relationships of eating behaviors and obesity may be bi-directional, it remains challenging to resolve the underlying pathways. A longitudinal approach is needed to assess the contribution of genetic risk during the development of obesity in childhood. In this study we aim to examine the relationships between the polygenic risk score for body mass index (PRS-BMI), parental concern of overeating and obesity indices during childhood. Methods: The IDEFICS/I.Family study is a school-based multicenter pan-European cohort of children observed for 6 years (mean ± SD follow-up 5.8 ± 0.4). Children examined in 2007/2008 (wave 1) (mean ± SD age: 4.4 ± 1.1, range: 2–9 years), in 2009/2010 (wave 2) and in 2013/2014 (wave 3) were included. A total of 5112 children (49% girls) participated at waves 1, 2 and 3. For 2656 children with genome-wide data we constructed a PRS based on 2.1 million single nucleotide polymorphisms. Z-score BMI and z-score waist circumference (WC) were assessed and eating behaviors and relevant confounders were reported by parents via questionnaires. Parental concern of overeating was derived from principal component analyses from an eating behavior questionnaire. Results: In cross-lagged models, the prospective associations between z-score obesity indices and parental concern of overeating were bi-directional. In mediation models, the association between the PRS-BMI and parental concern of overeating at wave 3 was mediated by baseline z-BMI (ß = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.10, 0.21) and baseline z-WC (ß = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.11, 0.23). To a lesser extent, baseline parental concern of overeating also mediated the association between the PRS-BMI and z-BMI at wave 3 (ß = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.13) and z-WC at wave 3 (ß = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.12). Conclusions: The findings suggest that the prospective associations between obesity indices and parental concern of overeating are likely bi-directional, but obesity indices have a stronger association with future parental concern of overeating than vice versa. The findings suggest parental concern of overeating as a possible mediator in the genetic susceptibility to obesity and further highlight that other pathways are also involved. A better understanding of the genetic pathways that lead to childhood obesity can help to prevent weight gain. Trial registration: Registry number: ISRCTN62310987 Retrospectively registered 17 September 2018. © 2021, The Author(s).

Published
2021

44. Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

Author

Zhou, B, Carrillo-Larco, Rm, Danaei, G, Riley, Lm, Paciorek, Cj, Stevens, Ga, Gregg, Ew, Bennett, Je, Solomon, B, Singleton, Rk, Sophiea, Mk, Iurilli, Mlc, Lhoste, Vpf, Cowan, Mj, Savin, S, Woodward, M, Balanova, Y, Cifkova, R, Damasceno, A, Elliott, P, Farzadfar, F, He, J, Ikeda, N, Kengne, Ap, Khang, Yh, Kim, Hc, Laxmaiah, A, Lin, Hh, Maira, Pm, Miranda, Jj, Neuhauser, H, Sundstrom, J, Varghese, C, Widyahening, Is, Zdrojewski, T, Ezzati, M, Abarca-Gomez, L, Abdeen, Za, Rahim, Hfa, Abu-Rmeileh, Nm, Acosta-Cazares, B, Adams, Rj, Aekplakorn, W, Afsana, K, Afzal, S, Agdeppa, Ia, Aghazadeh-Attari, J, Aguilar-Salinas, Ca, Agyemang, C, Ahmad, Na, Ahmadi, A, Ahmadi, N, Ahmadizar, F, Ahmed, Sh, Ahrens, W, Ajlouni, K, Al-Raddadi, R, Alarouj, M, Albuhairan, F, Aldhukair, S, Ali, Mm, Alkandari, A, Alkerwi, A, Allin, K, Aly, E, Amarapurkar, Dn, Amougou, N, Amouyel, P, Andersen, Lb, Anderssen, Sa, Anjana, Rm, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Ansong, D, Aounallah-Skhiri, H, Araujo, J, Ariansen, I, Aris, T, Arku, Re, Arlappa, N, Aryal, Kk, Aspelund, T, Assah, Fk, Assuncao, Mcf, Auvinen, J, Avdicova, M, Azevedo, A, Azimi-Nezhad, M, Azizi, F, Azmin, M, Babu, Bv, Bahijri, S, Balakrishna, N, Bamoshmoosh, M, Banach, M, Banadinovic, M, Bandosz, P, Banegas, Jr, Baran, J, Barbagallo, Cm, Barcelo, A, Barkat, A, Barreto, M, Barros, Ajd, Barros, Mvg, Bartosiewicz, A, Basit, A, Bastos, Jld, Bata, I, Batieha, Am, Batyrbek, A, Baur, La, Beaglehole, R, Belavendra, A, Ben Romdhane, H, Benet, M, Benson, Ls, Berkinbayev, S, Bernabe-Ortiz, A, Bettiol, H, Bezerra, J, Bhagyalaxmi, A, Bhargava, Sk, Bia, D, Biasch, K, Lele, Ecb, Bikbov, Mm, Bista, B, Bjerregaard, P, Bjertness, E, Bjertness, Mb, Bjorkelund, C, Bloch, Kv, Blokstra, A, Bo, S, Bobak, M, Boeing, H, Boggia, Jg, Boissonnet, Cp, Bojesen, Se, Bongard, V, Bonilla-Vargas, A, Bopp, M, Borghs, H, Bovet, P, Boyer, Cb, Braeckman, L, Brajkovich, I, Branca, F, Breckenkamp, J, Brenner, H, Brewster, Lm, Briceno, Y, Brito, M, Bruno, G, Bueno-de-Mesquita, Hb, Bueno, G, Bugge, A, Burns, C, Bursztyn, M, de Leon, Ac, Cacciottolo, J, Cameron, C, Can, G, Candido, Apc, Capanzana, Mv, Capkova, N, Capuano, E, Capuano, V, Cardoso, Vc, Carlsson, Ac, Carvalho, J, Casanueva, Ff, Censi, L, Cervantes-Loaiza, M, Chadjigeorgiou, Ca, Chamukuttan, S, Chan, Aw, Chan, Q, Chaturvedi, Hk, Chaturvedi, N, Chee, Ml, Chen, Cj, Chen, Ff, Chen, Hs, Chen, Sh, Chen, Zm, Cheng, Cy, Cheraghian, B, Dekkaki, Ic, Chetrit, A, Chien, Kl, Chiolero, A, Chiou, St, Chirita-Emandi, A, Chirlaque, Md, Cho, B, Christensen, K, Christofaro, Dg, Chudek, J, Cinteza, E, Claessens, F, Clarke, J, Clays, E, Cohen, E, Concin, H, Cooper, C, Coppinger, Tc, Costanzo, S, Cottel, D, Cowell, C, Craig, Cl, Crampin, Ac, Crujeiras, Ab, Cruz, Jj, Csilla, S, Cui, Lf, Cureau, Fv, Cuschieri, S, D'Arrigo, G, D'Orsi, E, Dallongeville, J, Dankner, R, Dantoft, Tm, Dauchet, L, Davletov, K, De Backer, G, De Bacquer, D, De Curtis, A, de Gaetano, G, De Henauw, S, de Oliveira, Pd, De Ridder, D, De Smedt, D, Deepa, 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Life, APH - Societal Participation & Health, Public and occupational health, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, VU University medical center, APH - Personalized Medicine, Psychiatry, APH - Mental Health, Bin Zhou, Rodrigo M Carrillo-Larco, Goodarz Danaei, Leanne M Riley, Christopher J Paciorek, Gretchen A Stevens, Edward W Gregg, James E Bennett, Bethlehem Solomon, Rosie K Singleton, Marisa K Sophiea, Maria Lc Iurilli, Victor Pf Lhoste, Melanie J Cowan, Stefan Savin, Mark Woodward, Yulia Balanova, Renata Cifkova, Albertino Damasceno, Paul Elliott, Farshad Farzadfar, Jiang He, Nayu Ikeda, Andre P Kengne, Young-Ho Khang, Hyeon Chang Kim, Avula Laxmaiah, Hsien-Ho Lin, Paula Margozzini Maira, J Jaime Miranda, Hannelore Neuhauser, Johan Sundström, Cherian Varghese, Indah S Widyahening, Tomasz Zdrojewski, Leandra Abarca-Gómez, Ziad A Abdeen, Hanan F Abdul Rahim, Niveen M Abu-Rmeileh, Benjamin Acosta-Cazares, Robert J Adams, Wichai Aekplakorn, Kaosar Afsana, Shoaib Afzal, Imelda A 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Huybrechts, Nahla Hwalla, Licia Iacoviello, Anna G Iannone, Mohsen M Ibrahim, Norazizah Ibrahim Wong, M Arfan Ikram, Violeta Iotova, Vilma E Irazola, Takafumi Ishida, Godsent C Isiguzo, Muhammad Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, Masanori Iwasaki, Rod T Jackson, Jeremy M Jacobs, Hashem Y Jaddou, Tazeen Jafar, Kenneth James, Konrad Jamrozik, Imre Janszky, Edward Janus, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Grazyna Jasienska, Ana Jelaković, Bojan Jelaković, Garry Jennings, Anjani Kumar Jha, Chao Qiang Jiang, Ramon O Jimenez, Karl-Heinz Jöckel, Michel Joffres, Mattias Johansson, Jari J Jokelainen, Jost B Jonas, Torben Jørgensen, Pradeep Joshi, Farahnaz Joukar, Jacek Jóżwiak, Anne Juolevi, Gregor Jurak, Vesna Jureša, Rudolf Kaaks, Anthony Kafatos, Eero O Kajantie, Zhanna Kalmatayeva, Natasa Kalpourtzi, Ofra Kalter-Leibovici, Freja B Kampmann, Srinivasan Kannan, Eva Karaglani, Line L Kårhus, Khem B Karki, Marzieh Katibeh, Joanne Katz, Jussi Kauhanen, Prabhdeep Kaur, Maryam Kavousi, Gyulli M 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Mansour-Ghanaei, Enzo Manzato, Anie Marcil, Staffan B Mårild, Mihalea Marinović Glavić, Pedro Marques-Vidal, Larissa Pruner Marques, Jaume Marrugat, Reynaldo Martorell, Luis P Mascarenhas, Marija Matasin, Ellisiv B Mathiesen, Prashant Mathur, Alicia Matijasevich, Piotr Matlosz, Tandi E Matsha, Christina Mavrogianni, Jean Claude N Mbanya, Anselmo J Mc Donald Posso, Shelly R McFarlane, Stephen T McGarvey, Stela McLachlan, Rachael M McLean, Scott B McLean, Breige A McNulty, Sounnia Mediene Benchekor, Jurate Medzioniene, Parinaz Mehdipour, Kirsten Mehlig, Amir Houshang Mehrparvar, Aline Meirhaeghe, Christa Meisinger, Carlos Mendoza Montano, Ana Maria B Menezes, Geetha R Menon, Alibek Mereke, Indrapal I Meshram, Andres Metspalu, Haakon E Meyer, Jie Mi, Nathalie Michels, Kairit Mikkel, Karolina Milkowska, Jody C Miller, Cláudia S Minderico, G K Mini, Mohammad Reza Mirjalili, Erkin Mirrakhimov, Marjeta Mišigoj-Duraković, Pietro A Modesti, Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam, Bahram Mohajer, Mostafa K Mohamed, Shukri F Mohamed, Kazem Mohammad, Mohammad Reza Mohammadi, Zahra Mohammadi, Noushin Mohammadifard, Reza Mohammadpourhodki, Viswanathan Mohan, Salim Mohanna, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff, Iraj Mohebbi, Farnam Mohebi, Marie Moitry, Line T Møllehave, Dénes Molnár, Amirabbas Momenan, Charles K Mondo, Eric Monterrubio-Flores, Kotsedi Daniel K Monyeki, Jin Soo Moon, Mahmood Moosazadeh, Leila B Moreira, Alain Morejon, Luis A Moreno, Karen Morgan, George Moschonis, Malgorzata Mossakowska, Aya Mostafa, Seyed-Ali Mostafavi, Jorge Mota, Mohammad Esmaeel Motlagh, Jorge Motta, Marcos André Moura-Dos-Santos, Malay K Mridha, Kelias P Msyamboza, Thet Thet Mu, Alfa J Muhihi, Maria L Muiesan, Martina Müller-Nurasyid, Neil Murphy, Jaakko Mursu, Kamarul Imran Musa, Sanja Musić Milanović, Vera Musil, Norlaila Mustafa, Iraj Nabipour, Shohreh Naderimagham, Gabriele Nagel, Balkish M Naidu, Farid Najafi, Harunobu Nakamura, Jana Námešná, Ei Ei K Nang, Vinay B Nangia, Sameer Narake, Ndeye Coumba Ndiaye, 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D. A., Peres, Marco A., Peters, Annette, Petkeviciene, Janina, Peykari, Niloofar, Son Thai Pham, Pichardo, Rafael N., Pigeot, Iris, Pikhart, Hynek, Pilav, Aida, Pilotto, Lorenza, Pitakaka, Freda, Piwonska, Aleksandra, Pizarro, Andreia N., Plans-Rubio, Pedro, Polasek, Ozren, Porta, Miquel, Poudyal, Anil, Pourfarzi, Farhad, Pourshams, Akram, Poustchi, Hossein, Pradeepa, Rajendra, Price, Alison J., Price, Jacqueline F., Providencia, Rui, Puhakka, Soile E., Puiu, Maria, Punab, Margus, Qasrawi, Radwan F., Qorbani, Mostafa, Queiroz, Daniel, Tran Quoc Bao, Radic, Ivana, Radisauskas, Ricardas, Rahimikazerooni, Salar, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Raitakari, Olli, Raj, Manu, Rakhimova, Ellina M., Rao, Sudha Ramachandra, Ramachandran, Ambady, Ramos, Elisabete, Rampal, Lekhraj, Rampal, Sanjay, Rangel Reina, Daniel A., Rarra, Vayia, Rech, Cassiano Ricardo, Redon, Josep, Reganit, Paul Ferdinand M., Regecova, Valeria, Revilla, Luis, Rezaianzadeh, Abbas, Ribeiro, Robespierre, Riboli, Elio, Richter, Adrian, Rigo, Fernando, de Wit, Tobias F. 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Goya, Wareham, Nicholas, Wei, Wenbin, Weres, Aneta, Werner, Bo, Whincup, Peter H., Widhalm, Kurt, Wiecek, Andrzej, Wilks, Rainford J., Willeit, Johann, Willeit, Peter, Williams, Emmanuel A., Wilsgaard, Tom, Wojtyniak, Bogdan, Wong-McClure, Roy A., Wong, Andrew, Wong, Tien Yin, Woo, Jean, Wu, Frederick C., Wu, Shouling, Wyszynska, Justyna, Xu, Haiquan, Xu, Liang, Yaacob, Nor Azwany, Yan, Weili, Yang, Ling, Yang, Xiaoguang, Yang, Yang, Yasuharu, Tabara, Ye, Xingwang, Yiallouros, Panayiotis K., Yoosefi, Moein, Yoshihara, Akihiro, You, San-Lin, Younger-Coleman, Novie O., Yusoff, Ahmad Faudzi, Zainuddin, Ahmad A., Zakavi, Seyed Rasoul, Zamani, Farhad, Zambon, Sabina, Zampelas, Antonis, Elisa Zapata, Maria, Zaw, Ko Ko, Zejglicova, Kristyna, Vrkic, Tajana Zeljkovic, Zeng, Yi, Zhang, Luxia, Zhao, Dong, Zhao, Ming-Hui, Zhen, Shiqi, Zheng, Yingfeng, Zholdin, Bekbolat, Zhu, Dan, Zins, Marie, Zitt, Emanuel, Zocalo, Yanina, Zoghlami, Nada, Zuniga Cisneros, Julio., School of Medicine, ACS - Diabetes & metabolism, APH - Global Health, Pulmonology, Medical Informatics, Adult Psychiatry, Global Health, APH - Quality of Care, APH - Methodology, Vascular Medicine, ACS - Atherosclerosis & ischemic syndromes, Anesthesiology, Graduate School, and ACS - Heart failure & arrhythmias

Subjects
Male, Latin Americans, Nutrition and Disease, Epidemiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Medizin, BLOOD-PRESSURE, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants, Hypertension, Prevalence, Control, Tretament, GUIDELINES, Global Health, Worldwide trends, 0302 clinical medicine, Hypertension prevalence, Voeding en Ziekte, Medicine and Health Sciences, kohonnut verenpaine, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prevention and Control, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, education.field_of_study, food and beverages, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, General Medicine, Noncommunicable diseases, Period prevalence, Middle Aged, kansainvälinen vertailu, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, 3. Good health, MIDDLE-INCOME, Pooled analysis, SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS, INCOME COUNTRIES, ADULTS, PREVENTION, MANAGEMENT, ADHERENCE, DIAGNOSIS, Western europe, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Hypertension/diagnosis, NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC), Female, B990 Subjects Allied to Medicine not elsewhere classified, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Adult, health-care, esiintyvyys, Central asia, Population, Nursing, 3121 Internal medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, Medicine, General & Internal, Drug Therapy, General & Internal Medicine, Life Science, Humans, ddc:610, education, Antihypertensive Agents, VLAG, Aged, Science & Technology, Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use, business.industry, Omvårdnad, fungi, General and internal medicine, Estados de Saúde e de Doença, Taking medication, Treatment, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, Blood pressure, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, lääkehoito, 1182 Biochemistry, cell and molecular biology, business, Demography
Abstract

Background: hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods: we used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings: the number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings., British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence Grant; World Health Organization (WHO); Abdul Latif Jameel Institute for Disease and Emergency Analytics Fellowship

Published
2021

45. Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight

Author

Iurilli, M.L.C. Zhou, B. Bennett, J.E. Carrillo-Larco, R.M. Sophiea, M.K. Rodriguez-Martinez, A. Bixby, H. Solomon, B.D. Taddei, C. Danaei, G. Di Cesare, M. Stevens, G.A. Riley, L.M. Savin, S. Cowan, M.J. Bovet, P. Damasceno, A. Chirita-Emandi, A. Hayes, A.J. Ikeda, N. Jackson, R.T. Khang, Y.-H. Laxmaiah, A. Liu, J. Miranda, J.J. Saidi, O. Sebert, S. Sorić, M. Starc, G. Gregg, E.W. Abarca-Gómez, L. Abdeen, Z.A. Abdrakhmanova, S. Ghaffar, S.A. Rahim, H.F.A. Abu-Rmeileh, N.M. Garba, J.A. Acosta-Cazares, B. Adams, R.J. Aekplakorn, W. Afsana, K. Afzal, S. Agdeppa, I.A. Aghazadeh-Attari, J. Aguilar-Salinas, C.A. Agyemang, C. Ahmad, M.H. Ahmad, N.A. Ahmadi, A. Ahmadi, N. Ahmed, S.H. Ahrens, W. Aitmurzaeva, G. Ajlouni, K. Al-Hazzaa, H.M. Al-Lahou, B. Al-Raddadi, R. Alarouj, M. AlBuhairan, F. AlDhukair, S. Ali, M.M. Alkandari, A. Alkerwi, A. Allin, K. Alvarez-Pedrerol, M. Aly, E. Amarapurkar, D.N. Amiri, P. Amougou, N. Amouyel, P. Andersen, L.B. Anderssen, S.A. Ängquist, L. Anjana, R.M. 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Solfrizzi, V. Somi, M.H. Sonestedt, E. Song, Y. Sørensen, T.I.A. Sørgjerd, E.P. Jérome, C.S. Soto-Rojas, V.E. Soumaré, A. Sovic, S. Sparboe-Nilsen, B. Sparrenberger, K. Spinelli, A. Spiroski, I. Staessen, J.A. Stamm, H. Stathopoulou, M.G. Staub, K. Stavreski, B. Steene-Johannessen, J. Stehle, P. Stein, A.D. Stergiou, G.S. Stessman, J. Stevanovic, R. Stieber, J. Stöckl, D. Stocks, T. Stokwiszewski, J. Stoyanova, E. Stratton, G. Stronks, K. Strufaldi, M.W. Sturua, L. Suárez-Medina, S. Suka, M. Sun, C.-A. Sundström, J. Sung, Y.-T. Sunyer, J. Suriyawongpaisal, P. Swinburn, B.A. Sy, R.G. Syddall, H.E. Sylva, R.C. Szklo, M. Szponar, L. Tai, E.S. Tammesoo, M.-L. Tamosiunas, A. Tan, E.J. Tang, X. Tanrygulyyeva, M. Tanser, F. Tao, Y. Tarawneh, M.R. Tarp, J. Tarqui-Mamani, C.B. Braunerová, R.T. Taylor, A. Taylor, J. Tchibindat, F. Tebar, W.R. Tell, G.S. Tello, T. Tham, Y.C. Thankappan, K.R. Theobald, H. Theodoridis, X. Thijs, L. Thomas, N. Thuesen, B.H. Tichá, L. Timmermans, E.J. Tjonneland, A. Tolonen, H.K. Tolstrup, J.S. Topbas, M. Topór-Madry, R. Torheim, L.E. Tormo, M.J. Tornaritis, M.J. Torrent, M. Torres-Collado, L. Toselli, S. Touloumi, G. Traissac, P. Tran, T.T.-H. Trichopoulos, D. Trichopoulou, A. Trinh, D.T.H. Trivedi, A. Tshepo, L. Tsigga, M. Tsugane, S. Tuliakova, A.M. Tulloch-Reid, M.K. Tullu, F. Tuomainen, T.-P. Tuomilehto, J. Turley, M.L. Twig, G. Tynelius, P. Tzotzas, T. Tzourio, C. Ueda, P. Ugel, E. Ukoli, F.A.M. Ulmer, H. Unal, B. Usupova, Z. Uusitalo, H.M.T. Uysal, N. Vaitkeviciute, J. Valdivia, G. Vale, S. Valvi, D. van Dam, R.M. Van der Heyden, J. van der Schouw, Y.T. Van Herck, K. Van Minh, H. Van Schoor, N.M. van Valkengoed, I.G.M. Vanderschueren, D. Vanuzzo, D. Varbo, A. Varela-Moreiras, G. Varona-Pérez, P. Vasan, S.K. Vega, T. Veidebaum, T. Velasquez-Melendez, G. Velika, B. Veronesi, G. Verschuren, W.M.M. Victora, C.G. Viegi, G. Viet, L. Villalpando, S. Vineis, P. Vioque, J. Virtanen, J.K. Visser, M. Visvikis-Siest, S. Viswanathan, B. Vladulescu, M. Vlasoff, T. Vocanec, D. Vollenweider, P. Völzke, H. Voutilainen, A. Voutilainen, S. Vrijheid, M. Vrijkotte, T.G.M. Wade, A.N. Wagner, A. Waldhör, T. Walton, J. Wambiya, E.O.A. Bebakar, A.M.W. Mohamud, W.N.W. de Souza Wanderley Júnior, R. Wang, M.-D. Wang, N. Wang, Q. Wang, X. Wang, Y.X. Wang, Y.-W. Wannamethee, S.G. Wareham, N. Weber, A. Wedderkopp, N. Weerasekera, D. Weghuber, D. Wei, W. Weres, A. Werner, B. Whincup, P.H. Widhalm, K. Widyahening, I.S. Wiecek, A. Wilks, R.J. Willeit, J. Willeit, P. Williams, J. Wilsgaard, T. Wojtyniak, B. Wong-McClure, R.A. Wong, A. Wong, J.E. Wong, T.Y. Woo, J. Woodward, M. Wu, F.C. Wu, J. Wu, L.J. Wu, S. Xu, H. Xu, L. Yaacob, N.A. Yamborisut, U. Yan, W. Yang, L. Yang, X. Yang, Y. Yardim, N. Yaseri, M. Yasuharu, T. Ye, X. Yiallouros, P.K. Yoosefi, M. Yoshihara, A. You, Q.S. You, S.-L. Younger-Coleman, N.O. Yusof, S.M. Yusoff, A.F. Zaccagni, L. Zafiropulos, V. Zainuddin, A.A. Zakavi, S.R. Zamani, F. Zambon, S. Zampelas, A. Zamrazilová, H. Zapata, M.E. Zargar, A.H. Zaw, K.K. Zdrojewski, T. Zejglicova, K. Vrkic, T.Z. Zeng, Y. Zhang, L. Zhang, Z.-Y. Zhao, D. Zhao, M.-H. Zhao, W. Zhen, S. Zheng, W. Zheng, Y. Zholdin, B. Zhou, M. Zhu, D. Zins, M. Zitt, E. Zocalo, Y. Cisneros, J.Z. Zuziak, M. Ezzati, M. Filippi, S. NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)

Subjects
nutritional and metabolic diseases, sense organs, skin and connective tissue diseases
Abstract

From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the underweight tail of the BMI distribution was left behind as the distribution shifted. There is a need for policies that address all forms of malnutrition by making healthy foods accessible and affordable, while restricting unhealthy foods through fiscal and regulatory restrictions. © Copyright.

Published
2021

46. The temporal relationship between parental concern of overeating and childhood obesity considering genetic susceptibility: longitudinal results from the IDEFICS/I.Family study

Author

Masip G, Foraita R, Silventoinen K, Adan RAH, Ahrens W, De Henauw S, Hebestreit A, Keski-Rahkonen A, Lissner L, Mehlig K, Molnar D, Moreno LA, Pigeot I, Russo P, Veidebaum T, Bogl LH, Kaprio J and IDEFICS/I.Family Consortia

Subjects
obesity, Overeating, Polygenic risk score, Temporal associations, body mass index
Abstract

Background: Many genes and molecular pathways are associated with obesity, but the mechanisms from genes to obesity are less well known. Eating behaviors represent a plausible pathway, but because the relationships of eating behaviors and obesity may be bi-directional, it remains challenging to resolve the underlying pathways. A longitudinal approach is needed to assess the contribution of genetic risk during the development of obesity in childhood. In this study we aim to examine the relationships between the polygenic risk score for body mass index (PRS-BMI), parental concern of overeating and obesity indices during childhood. Methods: The IDEFICS/I.Family study is a school-based multicenter pan-European cohort of children observed for 6 years (mean ± SD follow-up 5.8 ± 0.4). Children examined in 2007/2008 (wave 1) (mean ± SD age: 4.4 ± 1.1, range: 2-9 years), in 2009/2010 (wave 2) and in 2013/2014 (wave 3) were included. A total of 5112 children (49% girls) participated at waves 1, 2 and 3. For 2656 children with genome-wide data we constructed a PRS based on 2.1 million single nucleotide polymorphisms. Z-score BMI and z-score waist circumference (WC) were assessed and eating behaviors and relevant confounders were reported by parents via questionnaires. Parental concern of overeating was derived from principal component analyses from an eating behavior questionnaire. Results: In cross-lagged models, the prospective associations between z-score obesity indices and parental concern of overeating were bi-directional. In mediation models, the association between the PRS-BMI and parental concern of overeating at wave 3 was mediated by baseline z-BMI (? = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.10, 0.21) and baseline z-WC (? = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.11, 0.23). To a lesser extent, baseline parental concern of overeating also mediated the association between the PRS-BMI and z-BMI at wave 3 (? = 0.10, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.13) and z-WC at wave 3 (? = 0.09, 95% CI: 0.07, 0.12). Conclusions: The findings suggest that the prospective associations between obesity indices and parental concern of overeating are likely bi-directional, but obesity indices have a stronger association with future parental concern of overeating than vice versa. The findings suggest parental concern of overeating as a possible mediator in the genetic susceptibility to obesity and further highlight that other pathways are also involved. A better understanding of the genetic pathways that lead to childhood obesity can help to prevent weight gain.

Published
2021
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47. Preventable fractions of cancer incidence attributable to 7-years weight gain in the Norwegian Women and Cancer (NOWAC) study

Author

da Silva, M, Laaksonen, MA, Lissner, L, Weiderpass, E, Rylander, C, da Silva, M, Laaksonen, MA, Lissner, L, Weiderpass, E, and Rylander, C

Abstract

There is a lack of tangible measures for directed public health action to halt the increase in weight and cancer. We estimated the fraction and preventable cases of all and major body fatness-related cancers attributable to 7-years weight gain (≥ 2 kg). We assessed validated self-reported anthropometrics from 44,114 women aged 34–49 years at the enrolment in 1991–1992 and from a second questionnaire in 1998, with follow-up through December 31, 2015. Over 18 years, 3216 body fatness-related cancers and 2041 deaths were reported. Nearly 70% of women experienced weight gain and the average weight change was 4 kg. We observed a substantial proportional impact of weight gain on pancreatic cancer with a population attributable fraction (PAF) of 41.8% (95% CI 8.1–63.1) and a high absolute impact on postmenopausal breast cancer with 4403 preventable cases (95% CI 1064–7299) and a PAF of 16.8% (95% CI 4.1–27.8), and colorectal cancer with 3857 preventable cases (95% CI 1313–5990) and a PAF of 22.6% (95% CI 7.7–35.1). Avoiding weight gain over seven years in middle adulthood could have prevented a considerable proportion of the cancer burden and thousands of cancer cases in women in Norway.

Published
2021

48. Ultra-processed foods consumption and diet quality of European children, adolescents and adults:Results from the I.Family study

Author

Lauria, F., Dello Russo, M., Formisano, A., De Henauw, S., Hebestreit, A., Hunsberger, M., Krogh, Vittorio, Intemann, T., Lissner, L., Molnar, D., Moreno, L.A., Reisch, L.A., Tornaritis, M., Veidebaum, T., Williams, G., Siani, A., Russo, P., consortium, I.Family, Lauria, F., Dello Russo, M., Formisano, A., De Henauw, S., Hebestreit, A., Hunsberger, M., Krogh, Vittorio, Intemann, T., Lissner, L., Molnar, D., Moreno, L.A., Reisch, L.A., Tornaritis, M., Veidebaum, T., Williams, G., Siani, A., Russo, P., and consortium, I.Family

Abstract

Background and aims: Food processing has been indicated as a factor capable of negatively affecting the global food system, including the profile of consumers’ diets. The objectives of the present study were to provide a description of the consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) in the large population of children, adolescents and adults from eight European countries participating to the I.Family study, and to investigate the association between UPFs intake and nutritional quality of the diet. Methods and results: Dietary intake was assessed using a 24-h dietary recall. The quality of the diet was evaluated by the Healthy Dietary Adherence Score (HDAS) using an FFQ. UPFs were classified according to the NOVA classification. Almost half of the daily energy intake of the 7073 participants came from UPFs, and this trend decreased progressively with age. UPFs contributed more than 50 % of the daily intake of total and saturated fat, carbohydrates and about 70 % of sugars intake in children and adolescents. No differences in UPFs consumption were found according to the educational and socio-economic status of the population. Energy intake increased across the quintiles of UPFs intake, while HDAS decreased. The frequency of consumption of fruit and vegetable, fish, and fibre rich foods was low in the fifth quintile of UPFs intake, both in adolescents and in adults. The consumption of foods rich in calories and low in nutritional content, operationally defined as “junk food”, was significantly higher in the fifth quintile. Conclusions: In the population of the European I.Family study, UPFs contributed a large proportion of the daily energy intake, especially in children and adolescents. Higher consumption of UPFs was associated with a lower quality of the diet. Registration number for clinical trials: ISRCTN62310987.

Published
2021

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