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This paper reports the assessment of the detection zone of survey radar stations under a mode of single-place location. The detection zone under this mode significantly depends on the properties of the single-position effective surface of air objects scattering. The assessment of the detection zone of survey radar stations under a mode of the distributed location has been performed. It was established that the dimensions of the detection zone of air objects under a mode of the distributed location depend not only on the characteristics of the transmitting and receiving positions but on the system's geometry and the information combining technique as well. It was established that the size and nature of the detection zones of air objects under a mode of distributed reception depend on the distance to the base line and the degree of suppression of the penetrating signal in the receiving position. The detection zone of survey radar stations was estimated when the modes of single-position and distributed location merge. It was established that the shape of an air object detection zone depends on the design features of a particular air object and would take a different form for different types of air objects. However, the general trend to increase the size of the detection zone and reduce the dependence of its shape on the foreshortening of an air object when the merged modes of single-position and distributed reception is inherent in all types of air objects. The quality of using the merging of single-position and distributed reception modes at the pre-defined flight altitude of an air object was assessed. It was established that the application of the non-coherent combination of the single-position and distributed processing channels would increase the size of the detection zone of stealth aircraft objects by at least 30 % compared to the size of the single-position radar detection zone [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Background: The real-world consequences of a Philips Respironics recall for positive airway pressure (PAP) devices distributed between 2009 and 2021 are unknown., Methods: We conducted a retrospective population-based study using health administrative databases (Ontario, Canada) on all new adult PAP users identified through the provincial funding system, free of cancer at baseline, who initiated (claimed) PAP treatment between 2012 and 2018. Everyone was followed from the PAP claim date to the earliest of incident cancer diagnosis, death or end of follow-up (March 2022). We used inverse probability of treatment weighting to balance baseline characteristics between individuals on recalled devices and those on devices from other manufacturers. Weighted hazard ratios of incident cancer were compared between groups., Results: Of 231 692 individuals identified, 58 204 (25.1%) claimed recalled devices and 173 488 (74.9%) claimed devices from other manufacturers. A meaningful baseline difference between groups (standardised difference ≥0.10) was noted only by location-relevant covariates; other variables were mostly equally distributed (standardised differences ≤0.06). Over a median (interquartile range) follow-up of 6.3 (4.9-8.0) years, 11 166 (4.8%) developed cancer: unadjusted rates per 10 000 person-years of 78.8 (95% CI 76.0-81.7) in the recall group versus 74.0 (95% CI 72.4-75.6) in others (p=0.0034). Propensity score weighting achieved excellent balance in baseline characteristics between groups (standardised differences ≤0.07). On a weighted sample, there was no statistical difference in the hazard of incident cancer between groups: cause-specific hazard ratio (recalled versus others) 0.97 (95% CI 0.89-1.06)., Conclusion: In our real-world population study, compared to other manufacturers and adjusting for confounders, recalled Philips Respironics PAP devices do not appear to be independently associated with developing cancer., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: All authors declare they have no potential conflicts of interest. T. Kendzerska and A.S. Gershon are supported by the PSI (Physicians’ Services Incorporated) Foundation. Outside of the submitted work, S.R. Pendharkar has received honoraria from Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Paladin Labs and the International Centre for Professional Development in Health and Medicine for participation in educational activities, and grant funding from Jazz Pharmaceuticals. Outside of the submitted work, M. Povitz has received a fellowship grant from Paladin Labs and contract research from Jazz Pharmaceuticals. Outside of the submitted work, N. Ayas has received a speaker honorarium from ResMed, and has been a consultant with EISAI, Jazz and Powell Mansfield. Outside of the submitted work, M. Kaminska is a consultant for Biron Soins du Sommeil and reports a Philips investigator-initiated research grant (pending). Outside of the submitted work, the University of California San Diego (UCSD) Sleep Medicine Center received a donation from ResMed., (Copyright ©The authors 2024. For reproduction rights and permissions contact permissions@ersnet.org.)

The developmental dynamics of pathologic changes in the lenses and activity of glutathione-S-transferase in the blood plasma, liver and lens tissues of rabbits under chronic influence (2 months) of small doses of X-ray radiation (total dose 2 Gy) and polychromatic light have been researched. It was shown, that polychromatic light and X-ray irradiation of rabbits significantly affected the lens nativity and increased the developmental frequency and the intensity of lens opacities. It was determined, that activity of glutathione-S-transferase in blood plasma increased for 1 month after the beginning of X-ray effects. The same effect on the enzymatic activity was shown by the summary influence of polychromatic light and X-ray irradiation. Glutathione-S-transferase activity decreased during 2 months as compared with the initial values, before irradiation of the animals. The enzymatic activity was increased in rabbit-liver cytoplasm by X-ray irradiation in 2 months. A decrease of glutathione-S-transferase activity in the liver, cortex and lens nucleus was determined under the influence of both X-ray radiation and polychromatic light.