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Urban environmental sustainability is a growing concern within the United Nations and the European Union's ongoing policy agendas to fight climate change. This paper contributes to this debate by presenting the main impacts of the Operational Programme for Sustainability and Use of Resources (POSEUR 2014–2020) in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area (NUTS II). The analysis was completed using the Impact-WEB_GIS platform, specially developed for this study, supported by a territorial impact assessment methodology. In addition to the production of general impact scores, five analytic dimensions were further analysed, supported by state-of-the-art (i) low-emissions economy, (ii) adaptation to climate change, (iii) risk prevention and management, (iv) environmental protection and (v) resource efficiency. At a strategic level, the research created awareness of the need to adjust regional policy to the region's characteristics on environmental sustainability matters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The study aims to analyze the impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on the lives of Brazilian workers who immigrated to the Lisbon Metropolitan Area, in Portugal. Qualitative research methodology was used, followed by the analysis of nineteen semi-structured interviews, with theoretical support from secondary sources on the subject. The results found show that the pandemic caused practical implications on the lives of Brazilian immigrants residing in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area, notably of an emotional and financial nature.

Transformations in processes and patterns of suburbanization in metropolitan areas have been the subject of study associated with challenges to urban planning. The main objective of the article is to address the challenges of planning suburban territories responding to global trends in terms of urbanization patterns and to a crisis in the regulatory and planning systems. The approach is supported by debates on planetary urbanization and the suburban condition as an object of study applying the concept of territorial development planning (“place-based planning”). The discussion contributed to the construction of an analytical framework of the evolution of the territory of the municipality of Amadora in the Lisbon metropolitan area in its urban and planning dimensions. The analysis of this diverse and complex suburban area illustrates the usefulness and possibilities of an oriented approach to territorial development planning.

Retaining their ancestral footprint, rural settlements anchored developments driven by suburbanisation and became small towns embedded in the generic metropolitan landscape in the late 20th century. In subsequent phases, they integrated the functional diversity necessary to maintain a certain autonomy, while always being rooted in a community whose bonds are densified. In the specific case of Queijas, in the municipality of Oeiras (Lisbon metropolitan area), apart from the recent identification of the historical nucleus and the maintenance of public spaces, one can infer from the Oeiras Municipal Master Plan (2022) the need for an integrated approach to urban design and planning, which is linked to the requalification of place and the community. That is how climate action, well-being and public space took priority as the leading factors in the present study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water scarcity is a driver for society to rethink water management and change the paradigm of use to a fit-for-purpose approach—i.e., separating potable water for human consumption (drinking, cooking or personal hygiene) from all non-potable uses that do not require the same quality level. In this context, urban water reuse is a relevant tool for municipalities and metropolitan areas when dealing with pressure on water resources, among several alternative water sources that can be considered in a site-specific and integrated manner. Through the available literature and specific case studies in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area, this paper explores the benefits and barriers of water reuse and intends to support local authorities in including water reuse in their water management strategies. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper focusing on Portugal and the Lisbon Metropolitan Area that globally examines governance, economic, legislative and social aspects regarding water reuse and presents specific implementation examples covering potable and non-potable as well as direct and indirect reuse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analyzing metropolitan governance is a way of understanding the changes that have taken place to increasing the competitiveness, efficiency, and equity thereof. We use a theoretical structure that combines the history of the Lisbon Metropolitan Area with three conceptual elements: shift from government to governance; paradigms of metropolitan governance; and factors specific to metropolitan areas. Through these, we reveal the complex institutional architecture at play in this territory. Finally, we explore to what extent these relate with legal framework and development pressures, and how the latter frequently seem to be conditioned by conjunctural impulses and not by a long-term vision.- [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the territorial distribution of students, in Lisbon Metropolitan Area (LMA), with an immigrant background enrolling in the 3rd cycle of basic education in Portugal and on the differences in the academic performance of students attending the last year of this cycle, considering their birthplace. Differences are examined by estimating several linear regression models using as dependent variable two performance indicators -- students' results in the 9th grade national exams in the Maths and Portuguese Language subjects; and a binary indicator of a successful academic record during the 3rd cycle. The results confirm significant differences in the students' school performance depending on their birthplace: students from Brazil and Portuguese-speaking African countries (PALOP) have the most significant differences compared to students from Portugal. A substantial part of these differences is already present at the end of the 2nd cycle, and subsist when accounting for students' socioeconomic characteristics. Our results show that a considerable part of the differences is explained by factors inherent to the school and the class, and not so much to the municipality, which might reveals the existence of some types of segregation experienced by these students, either at intra-municipality level (by the different schools) or intra-school level (by the different classes). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the territorial distribution of students, in Lisbon Metropolitan Area (LMA), with an immigrant background enrolling in the 3rd cycle of basic education in Portugal and on the differences in the academic performance of students attending the last year of this cycle, considering their birthplace. Differences are examined by estimating several linear regression models using as dependent variable two performance indicators – students’ results in the 9th grade national exams in the Maths and Portuguese Language subjects; and a binary indicator of a successful academic record during the 3rd cycle. The results confirm significant differences in the students’ school performance depending on their birthplace: students from Brazil and Portuguese-speaking African countries (PALOP) have the most significant differences compared to students fromPortugal. A substantial part of these differences is already present at the end of the 2nd cycle, and subsist when accounting for students’ socioeconomic characteristics. Our results show that a considerable part of the differences is explained by factors inherent to the school and the class, and not so much to the municipality, which might reveals the existence of some types of segregation experienced by these students, either at intra-municipal

Abstract Alto da Barra and Portela are two modern estates designed by the same architect and located on two sides of the periphery of Lisbon: the west side, Costa do Sol, where the river meets the Atlantic and the east, with no label, which is upstream. The estates were planned and built in the same period (1960s to 1970s), the height of Lisbon’s urban development. This article presents a comparative analysis of these estates: their plans, implementation, social appropriation and resilience, by exploring the sociological profile and place-attachment perceptions of their inhabitants. The analysis also contextualises the development of the estates within the consolidation of these two quite different Lisbon peripheries: the west side traditionally highly valued in relation to the east. An intensive methodology was developed—case studies of the two estates—combining quantitative (survey, inter-census analysis) and qualitative (interviews and documentary analysis) methods. In addition to the differences between the two estates, which were largely due to their specificities in terms of geographic location and status, both reveal significant feelings of place-attachment and a rejection of the suburbia label.

Copyright of Archives de Sciences Sociales des Religions is the property of Editions EHESS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Confluenze. Rivista di Studi Iberoamericani is the property of Universita di Bologna, Dipartimento di Lingue, Letterature e Culture Moderne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper summarises an updated climate change trends analysis—developed for the period from 1 October 1864 to 30 September 2021 within the scope of a Horizon 2020-funded project to increase climate resilience in European coastal cities—for a representative site of the Lisbon Metropolitan Area (Portugal). By using long ground-based daily records of rainfall and surface temperature at the Lisboa-Geofísico climatological station, the analysis aimed to identify (i) long-term and recent climate trends in rainfall and temperature, (ii) changes in extreme rainfalls, heatwaves, and droughts, and (iii) possible effects of the coupled changes of minimum and maximum daily temperatures (Tmin and Tmax, respectively) on drought development based on the diurnal temperature range (DTR) indicator. To detect these trends and quantify their magnitude, the Mann−Kendall and Sen's slope estimator tests were implemented. The analysis of the mean annual temperatures indicated that the study area has warmed ∼1.91 °C through the 157 analysed years. Results evidenced statistically significant upward trends in both Tmin and Tmax, and in the number of Tmax heatwave days. In what concerns the extreme hydrological events, the analysis of annual maximum rainfall series and peaks-over-threshold (POT) techniques showed more frequent and intense events in recent years, reaching up to ∼120.0 mm in a single day. With regard to drought, the study proved that the characterisation based on the commonly used standardised precipitation index (SPI) might differ from that based on the standardised precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI), as the latter can take into account not only rainfall but also temperature, an important trigger for the development of drought. According to the SPEI index, severe and extreme drought conditions have been more frequent in the last 60 years than in any other recorded period. Finally, a decreasing DTR trend towards the present was found to influence evapotranspiration rates and thus drought characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The territory that currently corresponds to the Lisbon Metropolitan Area (LMA) has historically supplied fresh food to the urban population until half way through the 20th century. In 2018, the land use was still composed 38% of agricultural area, supplying 12% of the total food produced and consumed in Portugal. However, the operation of this food system is not subject to any regulations either in terms of spatial planning or land use management and, as such, its impact on sustainability transition in the region is not yet properly known. How to drive food transition in the LMA has thus arisen as a prominent question. In 2019, within a living lab context, the first steps were taken to this very challenging pathway, in which the definition of a food strategy was identified as the priority to sow the seeds of a food planning process. Over the last three years a food network started to operate on a collaborative basis to co-define a set of long-term objectives, a vision for 2030 and a collaborative biannual action plan. This article describes the process on how FoodLink—Network for the Food Transition in the LMA—leveraged the foundations to set up an evidence-based food strategy in the metropolitan area and how its thirty members became committed to cooperating in a science–policy–practice interface for its elaboration. According to principles of action–research and citizen science that implied a direct observation and involvement of the author along the entire process, the results intend to respond to the three objectives of the research by: (i) contributing to the literature on food networks; (ii) describing how the networking process occurred and its main achievements in what concerns a committed action plan; (iii) presenting the first baseline to pursue a food strategy towards the food planning of the city-region. It is understood that these results on how the food transition process is being driven in the LMA may either be inspiring for the construction of similar initiatives in other city regions, within and outside Europe, or may constitute the referential starting point for the future assessment of this ongoing transdisciplinary process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Retaining their ancestral footprint, rural settlements anchored developments driven by suburbanisation and became small towns embedded in the generic metropolitan landscape in the late 20th century. In subsequent phases, they integrated the functional diversity necessary to maintain a certain autonomy, while always being rooted in a community whose bonds are densified. In the specific case of Queijas, in the municipality of Oeiras (Lisbon metropolitan area), apart from the recent identification of the historical nucleus and the maintenance of public spaces, one can infer from the Oeiras Municipal Master Plan (2022) the need for an integrated approach to urban design and planning, which is linked to the requalification of place and the community. That is how climate action, well-being and public space took priority as the leading factors in the present study.

The Lisbon metropolitan area (LMA, central-west of Portugal) has been severely affected by different geohazards (flooding episodes, landslides, subsidence, and earthquakes) that have generated considerable damage to properties and infrastructures, in the order of millions of euros per year. This study is focused on the analysis of subsidence, as related to urban and industrial activity. Utilizing the A-DInSAR dataset and applying active deformation areas (ADA) processing at the regional scale has allowed us to perform a detailed analysis of subsidence phenomena in the LMA. The dataset consisted of 48 ascending and 61 descending SAR IW-SLC images acquired by the Sentinel-1 A satellite between January 2018 and April 2020. The line-of-sight (LOS), mean deformation velocity (VLOS) maps (mm year−1), and deformation time series (mm) were obtained via the Geohazard Exploitation Platform service of the European Space Agency. The maximum VLOS detected, with ascending and descending datasets, were −38.0 and −32.2 mm year−1, respectively. ADA processing over the LMA allowed for 592 ascending and 560 descending ADAs to be extracted and delimited. From the VLOS measured in both trajectories, a vertical velocity with a maximum value of −32.4 mm year−1 was estimated. The analyzed subsidence was associated to four ascending and three descending ADAs and characterized by maximum VLOS of −25.5 and −25.2 mm year−1. The maximum vertical velocity associated with urban subsidence was −32.4 mm year−1. This subsidence is mainly linked to the compaction of the alluvial and anthropic deposits in the areas where urban and industrial sectors are located. The results of this work have allowed to: (1) detect and assess, from a quantitative point of view, the subsidence phenomena in populated and industrial areas of LMA; (2) establish the relationships between the subsidence phenomena and geological and hydrological characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alto da Barra and Portela are two modern estates designed by the same architect and located on two sides of the periphery of Lisbon: the west side, Costa do Sol, where the river meets the Atlantic and the east, with no label, which is upstream. The estates were planned and built in the same period (1960s to 1970s), the height of Lisbon's urban development. This article presents a comparative analysis of these estates: their plans, implementation, social appropriation and resilience, by exploring the sociological profile and place-attachment perceptions of their inhabitants. The analysis also contextualises the development of the estates within the consolidation of these two quite different Lisbon peripheries: the west side traditionally highly valued in relation to the east. An intensive methodology was developed—case studies of the two estates—combining quantitative (survey, inter-census analysis) and qualitative (interviews and documentary analysis) methods. In addition to the differences between the two estates, which were largely due to their specificities in terms of geographic location and status, both reveal significant feelings of place-attachment and a rejection of the suburbia label. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green infrastructure planning has been receiving great attention since the end of the last century. Although green infrastructure has been known for its ability to respond to a wide range of environmental, social, and economic challenges, the concept and associated implementation measures are still being discussed among researchers, decision-makers, and practitioners. To help these discussions, several authors have identified green infrastructure planning principles to help these professional with planning procedures. However the perception of practitioners regarding these principles was never taken into consideration. Because of this, the purpose of this research is to learn about the priorities of urban planners regarding green infrastructure planning principles and their integration into spatial planning. To achieve this, an Analytic Hierarchy Process methodology was applied to urban planners working in the 17 municipalities of Lisbon Metropolitan Area, in order to prioritize the green infrastructure planning principles influencing GI design and development in urban areas. Experts were asked to prioritize eight primary green infrastructure planning principles: connectivity, multi-functionality, applicability, integration, diversity, multiscale, governance, and continuity. The results show that the most important green infrastructure planning principle for practitioners is connectivity, followed by multifunctionality and applicability. Both integration and multiscale principles were considered more important in municipalities with predominantly urban features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents an evolution of geodynamics and eustatic sea-level changes in the Meso-Cenozoic and relates global events to the formation of Iberia and the Lisbon Metropolitan Area (LMA). The distensive tectonic regime resulted in the breakup of Pangea, the separation between the North American and Eurasian plates and the individualization of the Iberian microplate in the Lower Cretaceous. Rift basins were developed until the formation of oceanic crust in the Atlantic. The Lusitanian Basin is linked to the genesis of the Meso-Cenozoic Western Portuguese Border, where a large part of the Northern LMA is included. The compressive regime from the end of Cretaceous gave rise to mountain ranges in the Iberian Peninsula and to the reactivation of late-hercinian faults responsible for the formation and subsidence of a tectonic depression (Cenozoic Basin of the Tagus-Sado), where most of the Southern LMA is included. It was in this tectonic framework that the subvolcanic massif of Sintra was formed at the end of the Upper Cretaceous or the Arrábida chain during the Miocene. The transition to the compressive regime marked the maximum sea-level in the Meso-Cenozoic (170 to 250m above the current level). The variations in sea-level explain the LMA's lithological diversity. The formations of the Northern LMA date mostly from Cretaceous (prevalence of limestones and marls), while more recent formations are prevailing in the Southern LMA (Pliocene and Pleistocene), which justifies its detrital character. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The territory that currently corresponds to the Lisbon Metropolitan Area (LMA) has historically supplied fresh food to the urban population until half way through the 20th century. In 2018, the land use was still composed 38% of agricultural area, supplying 12% of the total food produced and consumed in Portugal. However, the operation of this food system is not subject to any regulations either in terms of spatial planning or land use management and, as such, its impact on sustainability transition in the region is not yet properly known. How to drive food transition in the LMA has thus arisen as a prominent question. In 2019, within a living lab context, the first steps were taken to this very challenging pathway, in which the definition of a food strategy was identified as the priority to sow the seeds of a food planning process. Over the last three years a food network started to operate on a collaborative basis to co-define a set of long-term objectives, a vision for 2030 and a collaborative biannual action plan. This article describes the process on how FoodLink—Network for the Food Transition in the LMA—leveraged the foundations to set up an evidence-based food strategy in the metropolitan area and how its thirty members became committed to cooperating in a science–policy–practice interface for its elaboration. According to principles of action–research and citizen science that implied a direct observation and involvement of the author along the entire process, the results intend to respond to the three objectives of the research by: (i) contributing to the literature on food networks; (ii) describing how the networking process occurred and its main achievements in what concerns a committed action plan; (iii) presenting the first baseline to pursue a food strategy towards the food planning of the city-region. It is understood that these results on how the food transition process is being driven in the LMA may either be inspiring for the construction of similar initiatives in other city regions, within and outside Europe, or may constitute the referential starting point for the future assessment of this ongoing transdisciplinary process.

In recent years, Lisbon Metropolitan Area (LMA) witnessed the occurrence of various initiatives, highlighting an increasing interest and entrepreneurship in transforming the food system, at both municipal and civil society levels. As sustainability demands become increasingly global, it becomes pivotal for planning policy to understand the mechanisms through which urban actors are pioneering these new ambitions. This paper describes how global goals are being materialized by local actors and practices, insofar as their scope aims to transform this region’s food system. Our work is based on a three-fold objective: to characterize such initiatives; study how they’re suggesting new food planning agendas in the LMA; and systematize what possible future planning policy can learn from such insights. After an introduction to the territory’s planning context and research rationale, a methodological account is provided before completing with a comparing scenario, taken from a 2014 questionnaire among planning officials, with the discourses of 80 initiatives of the public and civil society sectors enquired in 2019. Finally, while using an analytical framework grounded on the recommendations of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the Resources Centres on Urban Agriculture and Food Security (RUAF), we flesh out some lessons for future planning policy aiming for long-term sustainability grounded on inter-municipal cooperation and mutual, continuous learning.

In recent years, Lisbon Metropolitan Area (LMA) witnessed the occurrence of various initiatives, highlighting an increasing interest and entrepreneurship in transforming the food system, at both municipal and civil society levels. As sustainability demands become increasingly global, it becomes pivotal for planning policy to understand the mechanisms through which urban actors are pioneering these new ambitions. This paper describes how global goals are being materialized by local actors and practices, insofar as their scope aims to transform this region's food system. Our work is based on a three-fold objective: to characterize such initiatives; study how they're suggesting new food planning agendas in the LMA; and systematize what possible future planning policy can learn from such insights. After an introduction to the territory's planning context and research rationale, a methodological account is provided before completing with a comparing scenario, taken from a 2014 questionnaire among planning officials, with the discourses of 80 initiatives of the public and civil society sectors enquired in 2019. Finally, while using an analytical framework grounded on the recommendations of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the Resources Centres on Urban Agriculture and Food Security (RUAF), we flesh out some lessons for future planning policy aiming for long-term sustainability grounded on inter-municipal cooperation and mutual, continuous learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

TIME. This triple crisis - sanitary, economic and social - will leave nothing and nobody indifferent. The reflection presented here focuses on the difficult and even incomprehensible relations between a national level of command and the intermunicipal and local operational levels responsible for its territorial translation. The recognition of the invisibility of the supramunicipal level by both the central administration and the local elected representatives themselves may legitimize the question: Who cares about their erasure? This devaluation in the context of the Lisbon Metropolitan Area has induced additional risks in the present and with potential consequences in the future, by applying the general guidelines issued by the health and civil protection authorities according to the differentiated views of their 18 municipalities and hundreds of other public, private and associative entities. This reflection concludes with the idea that if at this time of reconstruction of a new urban and metropolitan imaginary it is not possible to make significant progress in its governance, autonomy and political legitimacy, then we are likely to witness the slow agony of a structure condemned only to single protagonists and interest groups from both the national and local levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The contemporary urban sphere presents us with challenges of different (dis)orders and is itself one of the main issues to be addressed nowadays. This article deals with the public use of city space in neoliberal times and the modalities and consequences of its appropriation for social life, according to Lefebvre. The essay focuses on the Bairro Cova da Moura and the inscription, in 2013, of the Cape Verdean Kola San Jon in the National Inventory of Intangible Cultural Heritage. The analysis is based on ethnographic research undertaken between 2011 and 2018 and deals with Kola San Jon both as a cultural practice that actualises social processes and as a strategical identity device that reclaims the visibility of the community. We focus on the yearly festival at Cova da Moura and the schedule of activities outside the neighbourhood, considering the struggle for the valorisation of the place in Lisbon Metropolitan Area, as well as the process of recognising Kola as heritage in Portugal. The reflection around a practice committed to strategies of action that generate forms of resistance and identity-based assertion, takes us to the question of the right to the city, both in relation to a place that capitalism pushes to the margins as well as a playful event capable of the generating citizens' centralities. Kola San Jon calls to the fore the notion that we currently inhabit, with increasing intensity, webs in which tangled trajectories cross each other, in ways that are more important than frontiers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cape Verdean urban vegetable gardens are an unavoidable reality of the Lisbon metropolitan area. They are fond next to neighborhoods, on the slopes of the roads, and alongside waterlines. Arising from the fact of food needs, these garden plots also give rise to notable social activities and structures, connecting people to each other and to their neighborhoods. Based on ethnographic research with farmers from Cova da Moura and "Reboleira" - and with a focus on an urban garden at the border between Amadora and Lisbon - this article explores urban vegetable gardens as places of sociabilities and everyday resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The theme of "urban mobility" has been widely discussed not only for its role in structuring urban systems and the development of cities, but also for the various problems arising from its dynamics. Such problems have jeopardized the pursuit of the goals associated with the Healthy Cities movement, promoting and improving quality of health and the urban environment according to World Health Organization guidelines. With the Lisbon Metropolitan Area as a study area, the objective of this paper is to understand if its municipalities show similar trends regarding the contributions of urban mobility to healthier municipalities, and if the trends are convergent among them. The methodology is based on an indicator board representative of the studied subject. Firstly, considering two periods (one in the 2000s and another in the 2010s), using dispersion measures we discuss the existence or not of tendencies of spatial convergence between metropolitan municipalities as well as to identify positive contributions of the various dynamics associated with urban mobility for healthier municipalities. Subsequently, the application of factorial analysis in main components followed by cluster analysis for the most recent period makes it possible to identify the different realities found in the metropolitan context. There were several spatial convergence tendencies but not a clear positive evolution for healthier municipalities in all indicators. For the recent period, a greater similarity between the municipalities of North LMA (three groups of municipalities) and a greater diversity in the South LMA (six groups of municipalities) were identified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to understand how insurance, rainfall, land cover and urban flooding are related and how these variables influenced the material damage in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area (LMA) during the 2000–2011 period. Correlation coefficients show strong relationships between built-up areas and claims (0.94) and payouts (0.88). Despite no significant relationships being found between rainfall and the amount of material damage per event, three likelihood levels of flooding were determined for hourly rainfall. Unlike the studied period, the number of claims and their spatial distribution during the 2008 extreme rainfall event were strongly dependent on rainfall. Flooding related to the old watercourses assumed greater importance during this extreme event, recovering a more natural/ancient hydrological behaviour. In the LMA, the greatest material damage was the result of high-magnitude/low-probability rainfall events. Lower magnitude events can trigger numerous claims in heavily built-up areas, but they are hardly capable of producing large material damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainable Urban Development is a world-class policy goal, increasingly assuming multisectoral and multilevel principles. These principles, together with a collaborative and participatory approach, are also at the heart of the Healthy City movement promoted by the World Health Organization (WHO). In this context, the Healthy Cities Project (HCP) stands out as a mechanism to operationalize this movement. Having the Lisbon Metropolitan Area as a study area, it is discussed whether urban mobility oriented to Healthy Cities is a reality, considering the interventions and visions of the HCP teams and the transportation and mobility departments. Methodology combines the collection, analysis and systematization of secondary information on the interventions and the systematization and analysis of the content of the speeches of the interviewed agents. There was therefore some divergence between the initiatives carried out by the two types of agents covered in the study - PCS teams and transport and mobility departments - which respond positively to the relationship between urban mobility and healthy cities, albeit in a differentiated way, and the discourses of these same agents, where this relationship is not considered as one of the most relevant due to limitations of competences or resources or considered officially non-existent but implicitly and non-formally present in their speeches.

In this study, both human and material damages caused by different types of flooding in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area (LMA) were determined for the first time. Human damages (fatalities, evacuated and displaced people) were obtained from the DISASTER database (1865–2010 period). Material damages’ estimation was obtained from the Portuguese Association of Insurers database for the period 2000–2010. A classification of types of flooding based on the hydrological/physical features of the territory separating fluvial floods (slow and flash floods) from urban flooding (related and unrelated to the ancient natural drainage network—FREN and FUNN) was used. Topographic maps from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries (1:10,000 and 1:25,000 scales), information from newspapers and daily rainfall data were used to define this classification and to validate the flooding occurrences. It was concluded that: (1) during 146 years, 131 flooding events with human damages occurred in the LMA; (2) 120 flooding events with material damages were registered in 1781 places for 11 years; (3) the spatial distribution of human and material damages was very different; (4) each type of flooding caused distinct human and material damages; (5) the importance of each type of flooding varied over time due to human interventions in the territory; (6) there is a clear decrease in the mortality associated with flooding even during the extreme flooding events. This study contributes for spatial planning and insurance companies, allowing to define the temporal evolution and spatial patterns of the types of flooding, as well as to understand their future damages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People’s daily mobility and commuting patterns are differentiated by sociodemographic features. It relates to place as structure (spatial organization) and to public policy (spatial planning). Between urban structure and people’s traveling behaviours, spatial public policy should be called to reduce social inequality and to promote more just territories. This concerns the process of planning as well as its outcomes. Accessibility and conflict are important questions to be approached in both. The paper examines the importance of social issues in the design of the Lisbon Metropolitan Area’s (LMA) policies on mobility and spatial planning. It continues to be a peripheral matter, despite some change at the discursive level. We begin by discussing how spatial justice and social inequalities can be central to mobility and spatial planning. Secondly, the general European and national policy background is presented. Finally, some fundamental trends of LMA mobility statistics are outlined followed by a critical reading of municipal and supramunicipal mobility related policies.

This paper focuses on the role of infrastructures in place-making. We approach the concept of urban discontinuity, ways to produce and read landscapes and new paradigms in terms of urban form. The impact of infrastructures in landscape is based on Lisbon Metropolitan Area recent infrastructures. In order to discuss solutions for the impact of infrastructures in landscape, the relation between accessibilities, urban grid and urban tissue and the production of consolidated, non-consolidated and traced public spaces will be approached. The paper focuses on four nodes on the motorway A2, the main access to Lisbon by south. To conclude, a model to deal with urban discontinuities will be presented, integrating as a new element the concept of new urban structure.

Copyright of Educação, Sociedade & Culturas is the property of Centro de Investigacao e Intervencao Educativa (CIIE) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We explore the relation between the local fractal dimension and the development of the built-up area of the Northern Margin of the Metropolitan Area of Lisbon (NMAL), for the period between 1960 and 2004. To this end we make use of a Generalized Local Spatial Entropy (GLSE) function based on which urban areas can be classified into five different types. Our analysis of NMAL shows how some of the growth dynamics encountered can be linked to the plethora of social, economic and political changes that have taken place in NMAL (and Portugal), during the last 40 years, allowing for the establishment of urban planning measures to either inhibit or promote sprawl in urban areas.

twelve drainage basins in the northern Lisbon Metropolitan area (LMa) were analysed and compared because they are affected by floods that threaten life and livelihoods. the methodology was based on the calculation of quantitative indicators that reflect natural and human factors of floods (basin geometry, geological substrate, relief and drainage network in the 1st case; land use classes and land usage changes in the 2nd case). susceptibility indexes to flooding were developed based on these indicators, using Geographical information systems. the results of this study led to the identification of: (i) the basins with highest susceptibility to flooding; (ii) the conditioning factors that mostly contribute to the formation of floods in each basin;(iii) the impacts of changes in land use on the concentration times and peak discharges, which increase the flood hazard; (iv) the urban growth in the flood ‑prone zones, which in‑creases exposure and the flood risk in the LMa.