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The schematic of chromogenic reactions for the detection of UO22+.

Two Fe(iii)/Eu(iii) Salophen complex-based optical sensors for determination of organophosphorus pesticide monocrotophos in camellia oil and tap water.

Green camphor leaves were used to synthesize CQDs and establish a fluorescence method to detect Fe3+ and INH.

Background Skin flap necrosis is a common complication after mastectomy, and indocyanine green (ICG) has been used successfully to visualization for intraoperative evaluation. The effect of ICG on postoperative skin flap necrosis after mastectomy remains controversial. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the prevention of ICG versus no ICG on postoperative flap necrosis. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library from Jan 1900 to Nov 2022 for retrospective cohort studies (RCSs) to assess the effect of ICG versus no ICG on postoperative skin flap necrosis. This meta-analysis system review was performed by the PRISMA guideline. Results Our meta-analysis identified six RCSs, including 858 patients after mastectomy and breast flap reconstructive. Compared with the control group for mastectomy, we found that ICG may significantly reduce skin flap necrosis (OR = 0.64; 95% CI 0.44 to 0.94; I2 = 51%; P = 0.02), severe flap necrosis (OR = 0.27; 95% CI 0.12 to 0.58; I2 = 0%; P = 0.0008), reoperation rates (OR = 0.37; 95% CI 0.22 to 0.64; I2 = 10%; P = 0.0003). ICG had no difference in infection (OR = 0.91; 95% CI 0.53 to 1.55; I2 = 0%; P = 0.72) and seroma (OR = 1.37; 95% CI 0.76 to 2.49; I2 = 0%; P = 0.30). Conclusions We found that the incidence of breast skin flap necrosis was statistically lower in the ICG group than that in the control group. ICG is effective to prevent the flap necrosis risk after breast surgery.

Botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) is a potent toxin, acts by cleaving synaptosome-associated-protein-25 (SNAP-25) to regulate the release of the neural transmitter and shows analgesic effect in neuropathic pain. However, the mechanisms of BoNT/A actions involved in nociceptions remain unclear. Glycine transporter 2 (GlyT2) is an isoform of glycine transporters, which plays an important role in the regulation of glycinergic neurotransmission. Inhibition of GlyTs could decrease pain sensation in neuropathic pain, the role of GlyT2 in the analgesic effect of BoNT/A has not been studied yet. In our present study, we demonstrated that the protein levels of GlyT2 and SNAP-25 were upregulated in the spinal cord after the development of chronic constriction injury (CCI)-induced neuropathic pain. Intraplantar application of BoNT/A (20 U/kg) attenuated mechanical allodynia induced by CCI and downregulated GlyT2 expression in the spinal cord. The application of BoNT/A s also decreased the expression of GlyT2 in pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells. Moreover, intrathecal application of lentivirus-mediated GlyT2 reversed the antinociceptive effect of BoNT/A in CCI rats. These findings indicate that GlyT2 contributes to the antinociceptive effect of BoNT/A and suggest a novel mechanism underlying BoNT/A's antinociception action.

The best strategy for drain removal after mastectomy and axillary surgery in breast cancer patients has remained controversial. We conducted a multicenter, three-arm randomized clinical trial to determine the optimal strategy.A total of 187 eligible breast cancer patients who underwent mastectomy and axillary surgery were randomized into 10 mL (n = 62), 20 mL (n = 63), and 30 mL (n = 63) groups for drain removal on the first day when the output decreased to a corresponding volume in 24 h. The drain duration, total drain duration, incidence of seroma, quality of life, outpatient visit times, healthcare costs, and postoperative complications were evaluated.The median axillary drain durations and total drain durations were all significantly different between three groups (both P 0.001). The incidences of seroma were 31.1%, 38.3%, and 52.1%, and the difference between the 30 mL and 10 mL groups was significant (RR = 2.41). The 20 mL group reported significantly better quality of life (QoL) in terms of physical functioning (PF) at the 2-week (30 mL versus 20 mL, HR:-14.18) and 3-week (20 mL versus 10 mL, HR: 11.65) follow-up and role functioning (RF) at the 2-week follow-up (20 mL versus 10 mL, HR: 18.15). No between-group differences were found in G-QoL, outpatient visits, costs, or complications.The 20 mL group had a moderate drain duration, total drain duration, and incidence of seroma but a significant advantage over the other two groups in terms of PF and RF, with relatively low outpatient costs and comparable postoperative complication rates. These findings could aid in clinical decision-making regarding drain removal timing (http://www.chictr.org.cn/: ChiCTR2000028729).

Molybdenum dioxide (MoO2) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) are considered as promising non-precious metal electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, the thermodynamic inactivity of MoO2 and poor conductivity of MoS2 result in unsatisfactory catalytic activities for individual materials. Here we developed a high-performance HER hetero-electrocatalyst of high-valence-cation doped MoS2/MoO2 composites incorporated in carbon nanotube (CNT) foam by a simple one-step synthesis. MoO2 is stably attached and partially sulfurized into MoS2 on CNT foam, which couples the features of abundant active sites of MoS2, good conductivity of MoO2, flexibility and porosity of the CNT foam matrix, and unique doping effects of high-valence cations to synergistically enhance the HER activity. This delicately designed hetero-electrocatalyst thus exhibits low overpotential (62 mV @ η10), small Tafel slope (44 mV dec−1), and extremely high double-layer capacitance (217.9 mF cm−2). The performance remains almost unchanged after hundreds/thousands of times of bending/CV scans, and shows long-term stability at both low and high currents. Experiments and density functional theory calculations suggest that the high-valence-cation doping improves both electrical conductivity and catalytic activity of the materials. This state-of-the-art electrocatalyst can be directly used as an easily processable, flexible, free-standing, and cost-effective electrode without binders in diverse environments.

Transition metal compounds are considered as competitive candidates for efficient noble-metal-free electrocatalysts in overall water splitting. However, a single material generally fails to maintain simultaneous activities in both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, we developed a hybrid electrocatalyst of a Fe-(NiS2/MoS2)/carbon nanotube (CNT) film by combining composite and doping strategies, followed by a microstructure design of laser-drilled micropores, for high-efficiency overall water splitting and pH-universal HER. The charge transfer between MoS2 and NiS2 synergistically enhances both the HER and OER, and the light Fe doping further promotes the synergistic effect. The microstructure with periodic pores favors the release of bubbles, ensuring long-term stabilities at both low and large current densities without activity degradation. Consequently, Fe-(NiS2/MoS2)/CNT exhibits an ideal voltage, even lower than that of noble-metal electrodes, of 1.51 V at 10 mA cm−2 for overall water splitting in 1 M KOH, with η10 of the HER/OER at 87/234 mV, respectively. As a cathode, it also delivers low η10 values of 98 mV in 0.5 M H2SO4 and 127 mV in 1 M PBS, showing a pH-universal HER activity. Our work provides a comprehensive strategy towards high-efficiency electrocatalysts for overall water splitting, which will find a broad range of green energy applications.

To establish a two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) map for comparative proteomic analysis of rat spinal cord with chronic morphine tolerance, and to detect differentially expression proteins that are associated with chronic morphine tolerance. Methods: Sixteen male SD rats received the intrathecal catheterization operation and they were randomly divided into a morphine tolerance group (MT group, n=8) and a saline group (NS group, n=8). The lumbar enlargement segments of the MT group and the NS group spinal cord were harvested and proteins were separated by 2-DE. Differential proteome profiles were established and analyzed by means of immobilized pH gradient-based two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE). The 2-DE maps were visualized after coomassie blue staining and analyzed using PDQuest analysis software. Identification of differential protein spots was conducted by MALDI-TOF-MS, and the Mascot query software was used to search Swiss-Prot database for bioinformatics analysis. Western blotting was used to verify the expression of some differentially expressed proteins. Results: A total of 1 000 spots were identified in 2-DE maps of rat spinal cord tissues from the MT group and the NS group, and 36 proteins were significantly differentially expressed in the MT group compared with the NS group. Identification was conducted by MALDI-TOF-MS and Swiss-Prot database through Mascot query software, and a total of 14 proteins were obtained. Among them, 2 protein spots were down-regulated in the MT group compared with that in the NS group, and 12 protein spots were up-regulated in the MT group compared with that in the NS group. Two kinds of proteins (NUDAA, ENOG) were verified by Western blotting and the results were consistent with proteomics data. Conclusion: The optimized 2-DE profiles for the proteome of spinal cord tissue in rats with chronic morphine tolerance is established preliminarily, which showed that morphine tolerance can cause changes in the expression of various proteins in the spinal cord.目的：建立吗啡耐受大鼠腰段脊髓组织蛋白质组双向凝胶电泳(two-dimensional gel electrophoresis，2-DE)图谱，比较分析吗啡耐受大鼠腰段脊髓组织中蛋白质组的变化和差异表达，鉴定出差异表达的蛋白质点并进行验证。方法：将16只鞘内置管雄性SD大鼠随机分为吗啡耐受组(MT组，n=8)和生理盐水组(NS组，n=8)，取其腰段脊髓组织蛋白以固相pH梯度等电聚焦(immobilized pH gradients isoelectric focusing，IPGIEF)为第一向，十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electroporesis，SDS-PAGE)为第二向进行2-DE，应用PDQuest分析软件对考马斯亮蓝染色的2-DE图谱进行图像分析，对差异蛋白质点进行基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry，MALDI-TOF-MS)分析，并利用Mascot查询软件搜索Swiss-Prot数据库进行生物信息学分析。采用蛋白质印迹法验证部分差异蛋白。结果：MT组和NS组大鼠脊髓组织2-DE图谱中各分离出约1 000个清晰的蛋白质点，其中明显差异表达的蛋白有36个。采用MALDI-TOF-MS分析，并利用Mascot查询软件搜索Swiss-Prot数据库，共搜索到14个蛋白质，与NS组比较，MT组中表达下调的蛋白质点有2个，表达上调的蛋白点有12个。采用蛋白质印迹法对其中的NADH脱氢酶及伽玛烯醇化酶蛋白质点进行验证，结果与蛋白质组学结果一致。结论：初步建立了吗啡耐受大鼠脊髓组织蛋白质组双向电泳图谱，证明吗啡耐受可以引起脊髓中多种蛋白质的表达改变。.

Background Urosepsis is a catastrophic complication, which can easily develop into septic shock and lead to death if not diagnosed early and effectively treated in time. However, there is a lack of evidence on the risk factors and outcomes in calculous pyonephrosis patients. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify risk factors and outcomes of intra- and postoperative urosepsis in this particular population. Methods Clinical data of 287 patients with calculous pyonephrosis were collected. In the univariate and multivariate analysis, all patients were divided into urosepsis group and non-urosepsis group. The diagnosis of urosepsis was mainly on the basis of the criteria of American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP)/Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM). Patient characteristics and outcomes data were analyzed, and risk factors were assessed by binary logistic regression analysis. Results Of 287 patients, 41 (14.3%) acquired urosepsis. Univariate analysis showed that white blood cell (WBC > 10*10^9/L) before surgery (P = 0.027), surgery types (P = 0.009), hypotension during surgery (P

Recording of electromyographic (EMG) activity is considered essential for defining rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and for quantifying certain types of movements in sleep, such as periodic leg movements in sleep (PLMS). However, routine analyses of EMG activity beyond such purposes is performed rarely and quantified seldom, and normative data are lacking. In this study, the authors examined systematic application of a visual scoring system for short-duration (approximately 100-millisecond) phasic EMG activity recorded from five different muscle groups (submentalis, left/right anterior tibialis, left/right brachioradialis) recorded from two different age groups of normal subjects and a group of patients with Parkinson's disease. Quantification of this activity was labeled as a phasic electromyographic metric (PEM). PEM data were compiled separately by REM and non-REM sleep. Results indicated that PEM is a normal part of REM sleep in all muscle groups, more specifically constituting about 5% (SD = 3.1%) of 2.5-second intervals of REM sleep in the mentalis in healthy young adults. It occurs at higher rates in patients with Parkinson's disease, and its quantification in the legs may be influenced to some degree by the presence of PLMS. PEM may be a useful metric amenable to quantification with digital techniques. It may have particular relevance for the identification of neurodegenerative conditions in which disinhibition of midbrain dopaminergic pathways results in excessive motor discharge during sleep.