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Background: Intracranial lipomas are very rare congenital malformations. Previous studies have shown various brain anomalies related to intracranial lipomas, most of which are agenesis or dysgenesis of the adjacent structures. To the best of our knowledge, cortical dysplasia related to intracranial lipoma has yet to be reported., Case Report: We present a rare case of intracranial lipoma in the quadrigeminal and superior cerebellar cisterns with combined cerebellar cortical dysplasia. A 43-year-old female underwent brain MRI to identify possible cause of headache. We made a confident diagnosis based on MR findings using Dixon technique, which is a fat-water separation method based on chemical shift. We also identified unique combined abnormalities of the right cerebellar hemisphere near the cisternal lipoma that showed an abnormal vertical orientation of the cerebellar folia and disorganized parenchymal pattern., Conclusion: This case exhibits the rareness of the intracranial lipoma related cerebellar cortical dysplasia by reviewing relevant literature and also highlights the usefulness of Dixon techniques in daily clinical practice., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)

Background: Lumbosacral spinal lipomas and lipomyeloceles are usually identified in early childhood. Terminology, histopathology, and diagnosis for these malformations can be confusing. Materials and Methods: This is a PubMed review with comparison of embryology, gross, and histopathology, and reporting requisites for these and related closed spinal malformations. Results: The spinal lipoma group (congenital spinal lipomatous malformations) includes subcutaneous, transdural, intradural, and noncontiguous malformations stretching through the entire lower spinal region. This lipomyelocele trajectory overlaps the embryonic tail's caudal eminence. Histopathologically, the lipomyelocele spectrum is a heterogeneous, stereotypical set of findings encountered from dermis to spinal cord. Diagnosis requires detailed correlation of images, intraoperative inspection, and histopathology. Conclusions: Appropriate terminology and clinicopathologic correlation to arrive at a diagnosis is a critical activity shared by pathologist and clinician. Prognostic and management differences depend on specific diagnoses. Familial and genetic influences play little if any role in patient management in closed spinal malformations.

Congenital melanocytic nevus is a inborn melanocytic proliferation either present since birth or soon afterward and shows characteristic histopathological features comprising proliferation of benign melanocytes and extension of nevus cells into the deep reticular dermis and subcutis. We report the case of a 35-year-old male patient who presented with a progressively enlarging soft tissue mass in bilateral flank region. High-resolution ultrasound imaging showed multiple lipomatous masses within the soft tissues on the either flank region. Subsequent excision of the soft tissue mass showed a well-circumscribed lipomatous lesion with diffuse infiltration by benign appearing melanocytes within the fat lobules established by immunohistochemistry, which was positive for HMB45 and S100. This case serves to illustrate the initial diagnostic challenge in a male patient as well as the plasticity of the neural crest cells., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© BMJ Publishing Group Limited 2019. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Filar lipomas are a subtype of spinal lipomas wherein adipose tissue accumulation is restricted to the filum terminale. Embryologically, filar lipomas are considered to occur because of the failure of secondary neurulation, although the precise mechanism is not yet completely understood. Involvement of ectopic mesodermal, ectodermal, and endodermal tissues in spinal lipomas has been occasionally reported, and the origin of these ectopic tissues has been supposed to be migration of pluripotent tissues, which exist during secondary neurulation. We report an infantile case of capillary hemangioma involved in filar lipoma. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a case of intradural extramedullary capillary hemangioma at the filum terminale. We suspected that the filar lesion arose during the late phase of secondary neurulation based on the clinical, anatomical, and histological characteristics.
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Introduction: Pericallosal lipomas (PCL) are congenital soft masses of adipose cells encapsulated by a thin layer of fibrous tissue, appearing adjacent to the corpus callosum (CC). The lipomas are usually diagnosed prenatally during the third trimester. The purpose of this study was to identify 2nd trimester ultrasound findings that may hint to a later diagnosis of PCL and to evaluate their MRI evolution., Methods: A multicenter study of fetuses diagnosed during the 3rd trimester with a PCL in 7 fetal ultrasound units between 2001 and 2017. We reevaluated the ultrasound and MRI images starting from the referral examination and until the time of diagnosis, searching for clues that could have prompted an earlier diagnosis. Parents were contacted at the end of the study period to obtain information regarding development and neurological examination., Results: Fifteen patients with PCL were diagnosed during the study period; fourteen had second trimester scans. A 2nd trimester diagnosis was established in only 2 (13.3%). Anomalies of the CC were evident in 8/14 patients during the 2nd trimester scan and included: short length (n = 4), increased thickness (n = 1), complete agenesis (n = 2) and partial agenesis (n = 1). Third trimester ultrasound scans were considered diagnostic of PCL in all 12 remaining cases, in eight it was considered an isolated finding. Postnatal neurological evaluation in the isolated cases revealed normal development in all children. One child was diagnosed with attention deficit disorder., Conclusions: Non visualization of a PCL during the 2nd trimester is common, and should not be considered a diagnostic error. An underlying PCL should be included in the differential diagnosis of CC anomalies during this time period, necessitating further follow up into the 3rd trimester., (Copyright © 2018 European Paediatric Neurology Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Split cord malformations are rare entities which may present in an occult manner or in association with other lesions or congenital anomalies. Rarely, these cases may have associated hemicord lesions. We report an unusual case, the first of its kind, a type 1 split cord malformation with two pathologically different lesions (lipoma and dermoid) on one hemicord.

Objective: The authors reviewed the treatment of adult patients with congenital intraspinal lipomas with total/near-total resection and discussed their preoperative characteristics, prognostic factors, and surgical outcomes., Methods: Medical records of 122 adult patients with congenital lumbosacral lipomas undergoing total/near-total resection were systematically analyzed. The cohort was subdivided into 3 groups depending on symptom onset age: group 1 (≤5 years, n = 40), group 2 (>5 years but <18 years, n = 33), and group 3 (>18 years, n = 49). Preoperative and postoperative neurologic status were compared between groups and analyzed as a whole., Results: The most common symptom was bladder dysfunction (82.0%), followed by constipation (76.2%). At the 3-month follow-up, improvement was noted in most patients presenting with pain (87.2%) and neuropathic ulcers (70.0%). Overall, neurologic status was improved in 73.0% of patients and stabilized in 19.7% of patients. A binary logistic regression model identified shorter preoperative duration (P = 0.013) and preoperative pain (P = 0.005) as independent predictors of postoperative improvement. Neurosurgical complications developed in 16 patients, and wound complications occurred in 2 patients. Two of 3 patients who had recurred symptoms underwent repeated detethering surgery during long-term follow-up., Conclusions: Despite longer preoperative duration than the pediatric population, adult patients with lumbosacral lipomas can still benefit from total/near-total resection especially regarding pain and foot ulcers, with low surgery-related morbidity. The long-term advantage of resecting additional lipoma in adults remains a point of discussion., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Congenital infantile fibrosarcoma (CIFS) is a soft tissue sarcoma of infants mainly involving lower extremities and usually developing during the first year of life. At another end of the spectrum of pediatric fibroblastic lesions, lipofibromatosis is a rare benign infiltrative soft tissue tumor that affects children. The authors report in this study a particular presentation with a CIFS surrounded by lipofibromatosis-like areas. The presence of a surrounding benign tumor confused and delayed CIFS diagnosis.

Chondrolipomas are mesenchymal tumors that found as mature cartilage tissue in a fat tissue. A 2-year-old boy was seen with a complaint of a mass of the neck. On physical examination of the child, there was a one-centimeter mass above the sternocleidomastoid muscle on the lateral neck. Pathological examination of this mass after excision was reported as chondrolipoma. Chondrolipomas are seen mostly in the breast and in the adult. They are rare tumors of the head and neck area and seen mostly the in oral cavity here. This is the first case of chondrolipoma with this age and localization combination in the literature. Chondrolipoma should therefore also be considered in the differential diagnosis of congenital masses located at lateral cervical area.

Background: Congenital spinal lipomas are closed spinal dysraphisms belonging to the neural tube defects (NTDs) group. They include a broad spectrum of lesions ranging from simple lipomas of the filum terminale to complex malformations. On histological evaluation, various tissue components of ectodermal, mesodermal or endodermal origin are found within the lipomas, with prevalence for nerves and striated muscle and, more rarely, cartilage and bone. Overall, rib malformations have been occasionally observed in patients with NTDs and in NTD mouse models. However, an ectopic rib arising within the spinal lipoma and articulating with the iliac crest has not been reported in either animal models or in humans., Cases: We describe four patients affected by lipomyeloschisis or lipomyelomeningocele, with an unusual fibrocartilaginous protuberance arising within the lipoma and connecting to one iliac crest, strongly resembling an ectopic rib. Histological evaluation confirmed the presence of cartilaginous tissue., Conclusion: We expand the clinical spectrum of fibrocartilaginous anomalies associated with spinal lipoma, suggesting the presence of an ectopic rib as a new possible phenotype in NTDs. A careful analysis by neuroradiologists and pathologists should be performed in spinal lipomas to assess the presence of an ectopic rib or other uncommon developmental anomalies. Furthermore, molecular studies are required to detect the genetic cause of this unusual phenotype. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 106:530-535, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., (© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Background: Congenital lipocytic tumours have rarely been reported in cattle. Lipomas are benign tumours, but infiltrative lipomas have significant health implications due to their aggressive infiltrative growth pattern., Case Presentation: A calf was born with skeletal malformations and soft tissue proliferations, primarily on the external thoracic wall. The calf was euthanized for welfare reasons and submitted for post mortem examination. Necropsy, histopathology and post mortem computed tomography scanning revealed two types of lipocytic tumours. Widespread infiltrative lipomas were present in the muscles and connective tissues along the vertebral column and diffusely invaded the external soft tissues of the right thoracic wall. The neoplastic lipocytes had invaded intervertebral spaces thus causing congenital vertebral malformations, and further invaded the vertebral canal and the bone marrow of coccygeal vertebrae. Periosteal localization of the tumour was associated with costal hyperostosis. Two large retroperitoneal lipomas enclosed the kidneys and occupied much of the abdominal space., Conclusion: The development of congenital bone malformation in this calf illustrates the severe consequences of the infiltrative and aggressive growth of infiltrative lipomas during foetal development. The congenital retroperitoneal lipomas occupied a large part of abdominal cavity, but did not invade the adjacent tissues. Due to their large size, perirenal lipomas should be considered in calves with distended abdomen, even in cases without other signs of tumours.

Sialolipoma is a newly recognized tumor of the major and minor salivary glands and represents only 0.3% of all salivary gland tumors. Only 3 cases of congenital sialolipoma are available in the literature. In the current case, we performed a total parotidectomy with facial nerve preservation on a 12-week-old infant exhibiting huge mass in the parotid region. Histopathology results showed sialolipoma. There was no recurrence at the 18-month follow-up. Although it is a very rare disease in infants, congenital sialolipoma should be kept in mind in patients with parotid mass. The primary treatment is parotidectomy with facial nerve preservation.

Massive intrathoracic lipomas are uncommon. Few cases have been reported worldwide. We report two cases, one of which was congenital. They were managed by thoracotomy and complete excision, with excellent outcomes., (© The Author(s) 2014 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav.)

A non-syndromic bifid tongue with fibrolipoma, ankyloglossia, and clefts of the lower lip and alveolus is rare. We describe a case in which a bifid anterior tongue was separated by a fibrolipomatous mass. We excised the mass and repaired the lip and the tongue with satisfactory results., (Copyright © 2014. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)

Congenital spinal lipomas of the conus (SLCs) are among the most common closed neural tube defects. The treatment of SLC is an area of controversy because the true natural history of this condition is unknown. Here, the authors present two cases of SLC presenting in infancy with compromised lower urinary tract function, which was objectively confirmed by abnormal urodynamic studies. In both cases, there was spontaneous improvement in urodynamic parameters, with stable normal urinary function at the long-term follow-up. Although cases of spontaneous radiological regression of SLC have very infrequently been reported, they have not been associated with the reversal of already present neurological deficits. This report reinforces the need for further delineation of the true natural history of SLC and highlights the dynamic nature of associated neurological compromise over time.

Purpose: Intracranial lipomas are rare congenital malformations. The most common location of intracranial lipoma is the midline cerebral structures. The most frequently seen symptoms are headaches, seizures, psychomotor retardation and cranial nerve deficits. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and radiological findings of 14 patients with intracranial lipoma., Materials and Methods: The study comprised 14 patients diagnosed with intracranial lipoma from computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging taken after presentation at our hospital with headaches or seizures between January 2008 and April 2012. The cranial CT and MR images were evaluated by two experienced specialist radiologists. The lipoma localisation, size, morphology, any concomitant anomalies and findings of compression were recorded., Results: The study comprised 14 patients diagnosed with intracranial lipoma. The lipoma was observed to be located pericallosal, adjacent to the mamillary body and the optic chiasm, interhemispheric, in the quadrigeminal cistern and sylvian fissure. 3 patients had a history of seizures. The others had headaches., Conclusions: If there are no concomitant central nervous system (CNS) anomalies, there are no significant clinical or neurological findings apart from headaches.

Background: Tethered spinal cord syndrome (TCS) is characterized by attachment of the spinal cord down toward the tail end of the spine, comprising the danger of myelopathic symptoms. We retrospectively analyzed postoperative neurological outcome in adult patients with congenital TCS with special regard to the extent of resection of concomitant intraspinal lipomas., Methods: Medical records of 27 adult patients with congenital TCS (both with and without associated spinal lipomas) undergoing microsurgical detethering were systematically analyzed. Neurophysiological monitoring was available and feasible for all cases. Outcome parameters were preoperatively and postoperative neurological status; Wilcoxon rank test was used for statistical analysis., Results: In all patients, complete detethering was achieved. While urinary symptoms remained stable, all patients showed a non-significant tendency towards improvement of sensorimotor deficits. Both, patients with and without spinal lipoma experienced a significant postoperative amelioration of back pain. Patients with lipoma were found to suffer significantly less from radicular pain postoperatively (3/16). Furthermore, patients with a history of pain shorter than 1 year showed a significantly better chance for postoperative relief from back and radicular pain. The extent of lipoma resection had no significant impact on postoperative outcome., Conclusions: Adult patients with symptomatic TCS profit from detethering, especially regarding relief of lower back and radicular pain. Complete removal of associated spinal lipomas does not seem to be mandatory for achieving a satisfying result.

We report a female infant who presented with a tail appendage bearing a gelatinous tip and an associated lipomyelocele. Magnetic resonance images revealed the presence of spina bifida and a tract in continuity from the tail to the conus medullaris. The tail was surgically removed. A human tail may be associated with underlying spinal dysraphism. Magnetic resonance or computed tomographic imaging is required in such cases for complete evaluation. This is the first case report of gelatinous-tip human tail.

Hamartomas are tumor-like lesions composed of tissue elements normally found at the site where they are located, but which grow in a disorganized manner. They generally occur at birth or soon after, although presentations during adult life have been reported. Hamartomas of the head and neck are very rare. The exact mechanisms behind the development of hamartomas remain unknown; however, their benign nature renders complete surgical excision sufficient for their management. Here, we describe a case of a premature infant with a hamartomatous polypoid lesion containing both fibrous and adipose components, originating from the dorsum of the nose. The differential diagnosis and management of hamartomas of the head and neck are also discussed. Although several cases series on precalcaneal fibrolipomatous hamartomas have been encountered in the literature, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a nasally located congenital fibrolipomatous hamartoma.

Frontonasal dysplasia (FND) is a rare syndrome characterized by malformations of the central portion of the face, especially of the forehead, nose, and philtrum. FND is associated with hypertelorism, a hidden encephalocele, and a cleft of the nose. Occasionally, affected individuals also experience abnormalities of the brain and craniofacial bones. In such cases, a frontal lipoma or calcification of the falx cerebri suggest the existence of a lipoma of the corpus callosum. We present the case of a male newborn with a congenital lipoma 15 mm in size located in the medial frontal line. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed complete agenesis of the corpus callosum. While there is controversy about the association of frontal lipoma and lipoma of the corpus callosum and FND, we believe our case supports the concept that the changes are due to the same underlying pathogenic mechanism. Therefore, we recommend imaging of the central nervous system in newborns with a congenital lipoma located in the craniofacial midline., (© 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

In this study, we report on the case of a newborn boy diagnosed after birth with an accessory scrotum attached to a peduncular type of perineal lipoma without any other associated congenital anomalies. The neonate underwent a simple surgical excision of the lipoma and accessory scrotum in the first month of life, and his postoperative course was uneventful. Histologic examination revealed normal scrotal skin and adipose tissue. Accessory scrotum has a high incidence of association with perineal lipoma (83% of reported cases) and other urogenital and anorectal anomalies, but urogenital or anorectal anomalies were not seen in our patient., (© 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Objective: To clarify bladder and bowel function of children with lipomas of the conus, without, before and after neurosurgery., Patients and Methods: Retrospective analysis of 114 children with a lipomas of the conus, followed in our pediatric neuro-urology department from 1993 to 2010. Several data were collected: bladder and bowel symptoms, bladder and anorectal continence, neurosurgical indication and age, clinical modification after neurosurgery, investigations carried out in pre- and post-surgery treatment, associated bladder and bowel treatment., Results: Forty-nine of the 77 children (63.6%) operated on had never been seen before surgery in our neuro-urology department. Seventy-seven children (67.5%) underwent a neuro-surgery, 60% indicated due to a neurogenic bladder. Before neurosurgery, 66 children (85.7%) had spontaneous miction. Five children (6.5%) had bladder intermittent catheterization. Forty of these patients (56.3%) were continent. After neurosurgery and a specialized consultation in neuro-urology, 54 children (70.1%) were continent. Thirty-seven children (48%) had spontaneous miction. Thirty-seven children (48%) had bladder intermittent catheterization and drug of overactive detrusor. Fifty-two children (67.5%) were constipated after surgery. Seventy-seven percent of the treatments for bowel symptoms were effective in terms of continence., Conclusion: The existence of a neurogenic bladder was one of the main indications for neurosurgery. These results suggest that the complexity of care requires neurosurgical, urological surgeon and neuro-urology physician to achieve the explorations and urinary and digestive treatment in order to preserve renal function and both continences., (Copyright © 2012. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.)

The current report describes a case of congenital subcutaneous and intramuscular tumors of the neck and tail base in a 4-week-old female Angus-Charolais crossbred calf. Results of clinical and ultrasound examination are summarized. Biopsy and necropsy findings indicated an infiltrative lipoma. Congenital lipomas are uncommon tumors in bovids. Clinical and morphologic differentials, as well as classification and the possible pathogenesis of congenital neoplasms, are discussed.

We describe a rare case of large congenital lipoma in the upper lip of a six-month-old infant. Surgical excision of the tumor was successful, with satisfactory esthetic and functional results.

Lipoblastomatous tumours are rare, benign tumours of embryonic adipose tissue which primarily occur in children younger than 3 years. Most common, these tumours can be found in the extremities, yet cases involving other locations, such as the trunk, face, neck and mediastinum, have been described and they have an excellent prognosis despite its potential to local invasion and rapid growth. In medical literature two types are known, the focal well circumscribed lipoblastoma, and the more diffusely infiltrating lipoblastomatosis. The authors report a case of a 7-months old Ethiopian boy with a congenital lipoblastoma on the back. Despite surgical intervention, we were confronted with recurrences. In conclusion, we stress the morbidity of possible surgical management and the difficulty in decision-making. Therefore, awareness in young children with a fast growing lipomatous mass for this clinical and histopathological entity is crucial.

We report an unusual pediatric case of a primary scrotal lipoma, consisting of a pendulous mass arising in the midline of the scrotum. This is of interest because a pendulous mass in a neonate at the midline of the scrotum and below the penis, which looks just like another penis in terms of its shape, size, and length, could be confused with the "diphallia" condition. Furthermore, the mass was identified in utero. We made the diagnosis on the basis of the histopathologic features.

Head injury is very commonly seen in the emergency department (ED) worldwide, and almost, an unenhanced computed tomography scan of the brain suffices for patients seen in the ED presenting after trauma or with a new neurologic deficit. Intracranial lipomas are usually asymptomatic, and they are often an occasional finding. In head injury cases, lipomas are easily to be misdiagnosed as pneumocranium on brain computed tomography with low-density attenuation image. We presented an extremely rare case of interhemispheric lipoma presenting to an ED as a lesion of acute brain insult. The aim of this report is to emphasize the importance of clinical thinking in the differential diagnosis of markedly hypodense lesion on computed tomography imaging of a patient with head injury.

Congenital tumors of the oral cavity are uncommon. Teratoid tumors account for most of the reported cases and are infrequently associated with a cleft of the soft palate. Of the remaining tumors associated with pediatric cleft palate, congenital lipoma is rare. Lipomas of the oral cavity may show cartilaginous or osseous changes. These changes have not been reported in lipoma associated with cleft palate. A rare case of congenital osteolipoma associated with cleft palate and showing osseous change is presented here. The pathogenesis of the lesion and the osseous metaplasia are described. The present case is the second case of congenital lipoma associated with cleft palate in the literature.

A 1-month-old boy was incidentally found to have a mass in the right atrium without any symptoms. The tumor was resected uneventfully 2 years later. Histologic examination showed intramyocardial lipoma, which is very rare in children. To date, cardiac lipoma has not been reported in neonates. We describe such a case herein.

Background: Congenital perineal lipoma is extremely rare and may lead to a misdiagnosis of ambiguous genitalia., Case Reports: We report on two girls referred to our service for ambiguous genitalia. Patient 1 (17 days old) and patient 2 (2 months old) had unremarkable gestational and perinatal histories. Both had normal female external genitalia and a 46,XX karyotype. Patient 1 had a polypoid, protruding 3.0 x 2.0 x 1.5-cm phallic-like mass arising at the inferior border of the left labium majora, and patient 2 had a similar mass of 1.5 x 1.5 x 1.0 cm at the same site and an imperforate anus. In both cases the mass was removed and found to be a lipoma., Discussion: To our knowledge, perineal lipoma has been reported only in eleven girls, nine of them with associated anorectal malformation. Migration and fusion of the labioscrotal folds and formation of the urorectal septum are simultaneous developmental events occurring in the same region, which may explain the association of perineal lipoma and anorectal malformations.

Background: Dermolipoma is an uncommon benign tumor, congenitally occurring on the conjunctiva, and may be present at other sites. The appearance of dermolipoma closely resembles orbital fat prolapse and limbal dermoid, and therefore it is necessary to take this into account in diagnosis. Postoperative complications such as blepharoptosis, diplopia, or keratoconjunctivitis sicca can develop., Case Report: The first case was a 52-year-old female patient referred for the treatment of an orbital fat prolapse in her right eye. Another case, an 8-year-old female patient, was referred for the treatment of a bulbar conjunctival tumor in her left eye. In both cases, dermolipoma was suspected because the tumor did not show in the limbus and it did not change in size even when the eyeball was pressed. There was no external ear anomaly, facial dissymmetry, or cervical abnormality. The tumors were surgically removed without any conjunctival loss. Neither case had any postoperative complications., Conclusions: If the special features of dermolipoma are understood, it is easy to distinguish this tumor from other disorders. Most of the postsurgical complications are caused by excessive conjunctival loss resulting in symblepharon. Avoiding harm to the conjunctiva is important to prevent such complications.

Sturge-Weber syndrome is one of the neurocutaneous syndromes. It is a rare, nonfamiliar disease that is characterized by facial port-wine stain, leptomeningeal angiomatosis, choroidal angioma, buphthalmos, intracranial calcification, cerebral atrophy, mental retardation, glaucoma, seizures and hemiparesis. CT and MR are complementary in the evaluation of this disease. Epilepsy is an essential feature of Sturge-Weber syndrome and it has a major significance for prognosis and treatment. We report a 2-year-old boy with Sturge-Weber syndrome who had in addition an intracranial lipoma, a temporal arachnoid cyst and a porencephalic cyst. This combination of intracranial lesions with Sturge-Weber syndrome has not been previously reported.

The occurrence of intradural spinal teratomas in association with spinal dysraphism is uncommon and even rarer is pulmonary differentiation in a teratoma. We report a case of spinal dysraphism, duplication of lumbosacral spine, split cord malformation (SCM I), and meningomyelocele in an 8-month-old child. Excision of meningomyelocele and detethering of cord was done. Pathologic examination revealed a mature teratoma with pulmonary differentiation. To the best of our knowledge this is the second case of spinal teratoma with pulmonary differentiation.

The authors present the clinical picture, histopathologic findings and surgical treatment of an infant born with a lipoblastoma involving an unusual combined orbito-nasal location. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of congenital lipoblastoma extension from orbit to the nasal cavity. Transconjunctival orbitotomy with excisional biopsy of tumor was performed. Histology specimen that demonstrates the small embryonal fat cells in different stages of maturation and the characteristic lobulation of the fat tissue are presented. The embryonic origin, timing of development of the tumor during gestation, as well as the route of propagation from orbit to nose are discussed. The authors conclude that complete excision of this tumor, with preservation of normal tissue, may bring cure to the young patient without gross functional deformity.