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1. The database of the PREDICTS (Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems) project

Author

Lawrence N. Hudson, Tim Newbold, Sara Contu, Samantha L. L. Hill, Igor Lysenko, Adriana De Palma, Helen R. P. Phillips, Tamera I. Alhusseini, Felicity E. Bedford, Dominic J. Bennett, Hollie Booth, Victoria J. Burton, Charlotte W. T. Chng, Argyrios Choimes, David L. P. Correia, Julie Day, Susy Echeverría‐Londoño, Susan R. Emerson, Di Gao, Morgan Garon, Michelle L. K. Harrison, Daniel J. Ingram, Martin Jung, Victoria Kemp, Lucinda Kirkpatrick, Callum D. Martin, Yuan Pan, Gwilym D. Pask‐Hale, Edwin L. Pynegar, Alexandra N. Robinson, Katia Sanchez‐Ortiz, Rebecca A. Senior, Benno I. Simmons, Hannah J. White, Hanbin Zhang, Job Aben, Stefan Abrahamczyk, Gilbert B. Adum, Virginia Aguilar‐Barquero, Marcelo A. Aizen, Belén Albertos, E. L. Alcala, Maria delMar Alguacil, Audrey Alignier, Marc Ancrenaz, Alan N. Andersen, Enrique Arbeláez‐Cortés, Inge Armbrecht, Víctor Arroyo‐Rodríguez, Tom Aumann, Jan C. Axmacher, Badrul Azhar, Adrián B. Azpiroz, Lander Baeten, Adama Bakayoko, András Báldi, John E. Banks, Sharad K. Baral, Jos Barlow, Barbara I. P. Barratt, Lurdes Barrico, Paola Bartolommei, Diane M. Barton, Yves Basset, Péter Batáry, Adam J. Bates, Bruno Baur, Erin M. Bayne, Pedro Beja, Suzan Benedick, Åke Berg, Henry Bernard, Nicholas J. Berry, Dinesh Bhatt, Jake E. Bicknell, Jochen H. Bihn, Robin J. Blake, Kadiri S. Bobo, Roberto Bóçon, Teun Boekhout, Katrin Böhning‐Gaese, Kevin J. Bonham, Paulo A. V. Borges, Sérgio H. Borges, Céline Boutin, Jérémy Bouyer, Cibele Bragagnolo, Jodi S. Brandt, Francis Q. Brearley, Isabel Brito, Vicenç Bros, Jörg Brunet, Grzegorz Buczkowski, Christopher M. Buddle, Rob Bugter, Erika Buscardo, Jörn Buse, Jimmy Cabra‐García, Nilton C. Cáceres, Nicolette L. Cagle, María Calviño‐Cancela, Sydney A. Cameron, Eliana M. Cancello, Rut Caparrós, Pedro Cardoso, Dan Carpenter, Tiago F. Carrijo, Anelena L. Carvalho, Camila R. Cassano, Helena Castro, Alejandro A. Castro‐Luna, Cerda B. Rolando, Alexis Cerezo, Kim Alan Chapman, Matthieu Chauvat, Morten Christensen, Francis M. Clarke, Daniel F.R. Cleary, Giorgio Colombo, Stuart P. Connop, Michael D. Craig, Leopoldo Cruz‐López, Saul A. Cunningham, Biagio D'Aniello, Neil D'Cruze, Pedro Giovâni daSilva, Martin Dallimer, Emmanuel Danquah, Ben Darvill, Jens Dauber, Adrian L. V. Davis, Jeff Dawson, Claudio deSassi, Benoit deThoisy, Olivier Deheuvels, Alain Dejean, Jean‐Louis Devineau, Tim Diekötter, Jignasu V. Dolia, Erwin Domínguez, Yamileth Dominguez‐Haydar, Silvia Dorn, Isabel Draper, Niels Dreber, Bertrand Dumont, Simon G. Dures, Mats Dynesius, Lars Edenius, Paul Eggleton, Felix Eigenbrod, Zoltán Elek, Martin H. Entling, Karen J. Esler, Ricardo F. deLima, Aisyah Faruk, Nina Farwig, Tom M. Fayle, Antonio Felicioli, Annika M. Felton, Roderick J. Fensham, Ignacio C. Fernandez, Catarina C. Ferreira, Gentile F. Ficetola, Cristina Fiera, Bruno K. C. Filgueiras, Hüseyin K. Fırıncıoğlu, David Flaspohler, Andreas Floren, Steven J. Fonte, Anne Fournier, Robert E. Fowler, Markus Franzén, Lauchlan H. Fraser, Gabriella M. Fredriksson, Geraldo B. Freire Jr, Tiago L. M. Frizzo, Daisuke Fukuda, Dario Furlani, René Gaigher, Jörg U. Ganzhorn, Karla P. García, Juan C. Garcia‐R, Jenni G. Garden, Ricardo Garilleti, Bao‐Ming Ge, Benoit Gendreau‐Berthiaume, Philippa J. Gerard, Carla Gheler‐Costa, Benjamin Gilbert, Paolo Giordani, Simonetta Giordano, Carly Golodets, Laurens G. L. Gomes, Rachelle K. Gould, Dave Goulson, Aaron D. Gove, Laurent Granjon, Ingo Grass, Claudia L. Gray, James Grogan, Weibin Gu, Moisès Guardiola, Nihara R. Gunawardene, Alvaro G. Gutierrez, Doris L. Gutiérrez‐Lamus, Daniela H. Haarmeyer, Mick E. Hanley, Thor Hanson, Nor R. Hashim, Shombe N. Hassan, Richard G. Hatfield, Joseph E. Hawes, Matt W. Hayward, Christian Hébert, Alvin J. Helden, John‐André Henden, Philipp Henschel, Lionel Hernández, James P. Herrera, Farina Herrmann, Felix Herzog, Diego Higuera‐Diaz, Branko Hilje, Hubert Höfer, Anke Hoffmann, Finbarr G. Horgan, Elisabeth Hornung, Roland Horváth, Kristoffer Hylander, Paola Isaacs‐Cubides, Hiroaki Ishida, Masahiro Ishitani, Carmen T. Jacobs, Víctor J. Jaramillo, Birgit Jauker, F. Jiménez Hernández, McKenzie F. Johnson, Virat Jolli, Mats Jonsell, S. Nur Juliani, Thomas S. Jung, Vena Kapoor, Heike Kappes, Vassiliki Kati, Eric Katovai, Klaus Kellner, Michael Kessler, Kathryn R. Kirby, Andrew M. Kittle, Mairi E. Knight, Eva Knop, Florian Kohler, Matti Koivula, Annette Kolb, Mouhamadou Kone, Ádám Kőrösi, Jochen Krauss, Ajith Kumar, Raman Kumar, David J. Kurz, Alex S. Kutt, Thibault Lachat, Victoria Lantschner, Francisco Lara, Jesse R. Lasky, Steven C. Latta, William F. Laurance, Patrick Lavelle, Violette Le Féon, Gretchen LeBuhn, Jean‐Philippe Légaré, Valérie Lehouck, María V. Lencinas, Pia E. Lentini, Susan G. Letcher, Qi Li, Simon A. Litchwark, Nick A. Littlewood, Yunhui Liu, Nancy Lo‐Man‐Hung, Carlos A. López‐Quintero, Mounir Louhaichi, Gabor L. Lövei, Manuel Esteban Lucas‐Borja, Victor H. Luja, Matthew S. Luskin, M Cristina MacSwiney G, Kaoru Maeto, Tibor Magura, Neil Aldrin Mallari, Louise A. Malone, Patrick K. Malonza, Jagoba Malumbres‐Olarte, Salvador Mandujano, Inger E. Måren, Erika Marin‐Spiotta, Charles J. Marsh, E. J. P. Marshall, Eliana Martínez, Guillermo Martínez Pastur, David Moreno Mateos, Margaret M. Mayfield, Vicente Mazimpaka, Jennifer L. McCarthy, Kyle P. McCarthy, Quinn S. McFrederick, Sean McNamara, Nagore G. Medina, Rafael Medina, Jose L. Mena, Estefania Mico, Grzegorz Mikusinski, Jeffrey C. Milder, James R. Miller, Daniel R. Miranda‐Esquivel, Melinda L. Moir, Carolina L. Morales, Mary N. Muchane, Muchai Muchane, Sonja Mudri‐Stojnic, A. Nur Munira, Antonio Muoñz‐Alonso, B. F. Munyekenye, Robin Naidoo, A. Naithani, Michiko Nakagawa, Akihiro Nakamura, Yoshihiro Nakashima, Shoji Naoe, Guiomar Nates‐Parra, Dario A. Navarrete Gutierrez, Luis Navarro‐Iriarte, Paul K. Ndang'ang'a, Eike L. Neuschulz, Jacqueline T. Ngai, Violaine Nicolas, Sven G. Nilsson, Norbertas Noreika, Olivia Norfolk, Jorge Ari Noriega, David A. Norton, Nicole M. Nöske, A. Justin Nowakowski, Catherine Numa, Niall O'Dea, Patrick J. O'Farrell, William Oduro, Sabine Oertli, Caleb Ofori‐Boateng, Christopher Omamoke Oke, Vicencio Oostra, Lynne M. Osgathorpe, Samuel Eduardo Otavo, Navendu V. Page, Juan Paritsis, Alejandro Parra‐H, Luke Parry, Guy Pe'er, Peter B. Pearman, Nicolás Pelegrin, Raphaël Pélissier, Carlos A. Peres, Pablo L. Peri, Anna S. Persson, Theodora Petanidou, Marcell K. Peters, Rohan S. Pethiyagoda, Ben Phalan, T. Keith Philips, Finn C. Pillsbury, Jimmy Pincheira‐Ulbrich, Eduardo Pineda, Joan Pino, Jaime Pizarro‐Araya, A. J. Plumptre, Santiago L. Poggio, Natalia Politi, Pere Pons, Katja Poveda, Eileen F. Power, Steven J. Presley, Vânia Proença, Marino Quaranta, Carolina Quintero, Romina Rader, B. R. Ramesh, Martha P. Ramirez‐Pinilla, Jai Ranganathan, Claus Rasmussen, Nicola A. Redpath‐Downing, J. Leighton Reid, Yana T. Reis, José M. Rey Benayas, Juan Carlos Rey‐Velasco, Chevonne Reynolds, Danilo Bandini Ribeiro, Miriam H. Richards, Barbara A. Richardson, Michael J. Richardson, Rodrigo Macip Ríos, Richard Robinson, Carolina A. Robles, Jörg Römbke, Luz Piedad Romero‐Duque, Matthias Rös, Loreta Rosselli, Stephen J. Rossiter, Dana S. Roth, T'ai H. Roulston, Laurent Rousseau, André V. Rubio, Jean‐Claude Ruel, Jonathan P. Sadler, Szabolcs Sáfián, Romeo A. Saldaña‐Vázquez, Katerina Sam, Ulrika Samnegård, Joana Santana, Xavier Santos, Jade Savage, Nancy A. Schellhorn, Menno Schilthuizen, Ute Schmiedel, Christine B. Schmitt, Nicole L. Schon, Christof Schüepp, Katharina Schumann, Oliver Schweiger, Dawn M. Scott, Kenneth A. Scott, Jodi L. Sedlock, Steven S. Seefeldt, Ghazala Shahabuddin, Graeme Shannon, Douglas Sheil, Frederick H. Sheldon, Eyal Shochat, Stefan J. Siebert, Fernando A. B. Silva, Javier A. Simonetti, Eleanor M. Slade, Jo Smith, Allan H. Smith‐Pardo, Navjot S. Sodhi, Eduardo J. Somarriba, Ramón A. Sosa, Grimaldo Soto Quiroga, Martin‐Hugues St‐Laurent, Brian M. Starzomski, Constanti Stefanescu, Ingolf Steffan‐Dewenter, Philip C. Stouffer, Jane C. Stout, Ayron M. Strauch, Matthew J. Struebig, Zhimin Su, Marcela Suarez‐Rubio, Shinji Sugiura, Keith S. Summerville, Yik‐Hei Sung, Hari Sutrisno, Jens‐Christian Svenning, Tiit Teder, Caragh G. Threlfall, Anu Tiitsaar, Jacqui H. Todd, Rebecca K. Tonietto, Ignasi Torre, Béla Tóthmérész, Teja Tscharntke, Edgar C. Turner, Jason M. Tylianakis, Marcio Uehara‐Prado, Nicolas Urbina‐Cardona, Denis Vallan, Adam J. Vanbergen, Heraldo L. Vasconcelos, Kiril Vassilev, Hans A. F. Verboven, Maria João Verdasca, José R. Verdú, Carlos H. Vergara, Pablo M. Vergara, Jort Verhulst, Massimiliano Virgilio, Lien Van Vu, Edward M. Waite, Tony R. Walker, Hua‐Feng Wang, Yanping Wang, James I. Watling, Britta Weller, Konstans Wells, Catrin Westphal, Edward D. Wiafe, Christopher D. Williams, Michael R. Willig, John C. Z. Woinarski, Jan H. D. Wolf, Volkmar Wolters, Ben A. Woodcock, Jihua Wu, Joseph M. Wunderle Jr, Yuichi Yamaura, Satoko Yoshikura, Douglas W. Yu, Andrey S. Zaitsev, Juliane Zeidler, Fasheng Zou, Ben Collen, Rob M. Ewers, Georgina M. Mace, Drew W. Purves, Jörn P. W. Scharlemann, and Andy Purvis

Subjects
data sharing, global biodiversity modeling, global change, habitat destruction, land use, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Abstract The PREDICTS project—Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems (https://www.nhm.ac.uk/our-science/our-work/biodiversity/predicts.html)—has collated from published studies a large, reasonably representative database of comparable samples of biodiversity from multiple sites that differ in the nature or intensity of human impacts relating to land use. We have used this evidence base to develop global and regional statistical models of how local biodiversity responds to these measures. We describe and make freely available this 2016 release of the database, containing more than 3.2 million records sampled at over 26,000 locations and representing over 47,000 species. We outline how the database can help in answering a range of questions in ecology and conservation biology. To our knowledge, this is the largest and most geographically and taxonomically representative database of spatial comparisons of biodiversity that has been collated to date; it will be useful to researchers and international efforts wishing to model and understand the global status of biodiversity.

Published
2017
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2. Environmental drivers of forest structure and stem turnover across Venezuelan tropical forests.

Author

Emilio Vilanova, Hirma Ramírez-Angulo, Armando Torres-Lezama, Gerardo Aymard, Luis Gámez, Cristabel Durán, Lionel Hernández, Rafael Herrera, Geertje van der Heijden, Oliver L Phillips, and Gregory J Ettl

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Using data from 50 long-term permanent plots from across Venezuelan forests in northern South America, we explored large-scale patterns of stem turnover, aboveground biomass (AGB) and woody productivity (AGWP), and the relationships between them and with potential climatic drivers. We used principal component analysis coupled with generalized least squares models to analyze the relationship between climate, forest structure and stem dynamics. Two major axes associated with orthogonal temperature and moisture gradients effectively described more than 90% of the environmental variability in the dataset. Average turnover was 1.91 ± 0.10% year-1 with mortality and recruitment being almost identical, and close to average rates for other mature tropical forests. Turnover rates were significantly different among regions (p < 0.001), with the lowland forests in Western alluvial plains being the most dynamic, and Guiana Shield forests showing the lowest turnover rates. We found a weak positive relationship between AGB and AGWP, with Guiana Shield forests having the highest values for both variables (204.8 ± 14.3 Mg C ha-1 and 3.27 ± 0.27 Mg C ha-1 year-1 respectively), but AGB was much more strongly and negatively related to stem turnover. Our data suggest that moisture is a key driver of turnover, with longer dry seasons favoring greater rates of tree turnover and thus lower biomass, having important implications in the context of climate change, given the increases in drought frequency in many tropical forests. Regional variation in AGWP among Venezuelan forests strongly reflects the effects of climate, with greatest woody productivity where both precipitation and temperatures are high. Overall, forests in wet, low elevation sites and with slow turnover stored the greatest amounts of biomass. Although faster stand dynamics are closely associated with lower carbon storage, stem-level turnover rates and woody productivity did not show any correlation, indicating that stem dynamics and carbon dynamics are largely decoupled from one another.

Published
2018
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3. The PREDICTS database: a global database of how local terrestrial biodiversity responds to human impacts

Author

Lawrence N. Hudson, Tim Newbold, Sara Contu, Samantha L. L. Hill, Igor Lysenko, Adriana De Palma, Helen R. P. Phillips, Rebecca A. Senior, Dominic J. Bennett, Hollie Booth, Argyrios Choimes, David L. P. Correia, Julie Day, Susy Echeverría‐Londoño, Morgan Garon, Michelle L. K. Harrison, Daniel J. Ingram, Martin Jung, Victoria Kemp, Lucinda Kirkpatrick, Callum D. Martin, Yuan Pan, Hannah J. White, Job Aben, Stefan Abrahamczyk, Gilbert B. Adum, Virginia Aguilar‐Barquero, Marcelo A. Aizen, Marc Ancrenaz, Enrique Arbeláez‐Cortés, Inge Armbrecht, Badrul Azhar, Adrián B. Azpiroz, Lander Baeten, András Báldi, John E. Banks, Jos Barlow, Péter Batáry, Adam J. Bates, Erin M. Bayne, Pedro Beja, Åke Berg, Nicholas J. Berry, Jake E. Bicknell, Jochen H. Bihn, Katrin Böhning‐Gaese, Teun Boekhout, Céline Boutin, Jérémy Bouyer, Francis Q. Brearley, Isabel Brito, Jörg Brunet, Grzegorz Buczkowski, Erika Buscardo, Jimmy Cabra‐García, María Calviño‐Cancela, Sydney A. Cameron, Eliana M. Cancello, Tiago F. Carrijo, Anelena L. Carvalho, Helena Castro, Alejandro A. Castro‐Luna, Rolando Cerda, Alexis Cerezo, Matthieu Chauvat, Frank M. Clarke, Daniel F. R. Cleary, Stuart P. Connop, Biagio D'Aniello, Pedro Giovâni daSilva, Ben Darvill, Jens Dauber, Alain Dejean, Tim Diekötter, Yamileth Dominguez‐Haydar, Carsten F. Dormann, Bertrand Dumont, Simon G. Dures, Mats Dynesius, Lars Edenius, Zoltán Elek, Martin H. Entling, Nina Farwig, Tom M. Fayle, Antonio Felicioli, Annika M. Felton, Gentile F. Ficetola, Bruno K. C. Filgueiras, Steven J. Fonte, Lauchlan H. Fraser, Daisuke Fukuda, Dario Furlani, Jörg U. Ganzhorn, Jenni G. Garden, Carla Gheler‐Costa, Paolo Giordani, Simonetta Giordano, Marco S. Gottschalk, Dave Goulson, Aaron D. Gove, James Grogan, Mick E. Hanley, Thor Hanson, Nor R. Hashim, Joseph E. Hawes, Christian Hébert, Alvin J. Helden, John‐André Henden, Lionel Hernández, Felix Herzog, Diego Higuera‐Diaz, Branko Hilje, Finbarr G. Horgan, Roland Horváth, Kristoffer Hylander, Paola Isaacs‐Cubides, Masahiro Ishitani, Carmen T. Jacobs, Víctor J. Jaramillo, Birgit Jauker, Mats Jonsell, Thomas S. Jung, Vena Kapoor, Vassiliki Kati, Eric Katovai, Michael Kessler, Eva Knop, Annette Kolb, Ádám Kőrösi, Thibault Lachat, Victoria Lantschner, Violette Le Féon, Gretchen LeBuhn, Jean‐Philippe Légaré, Susan G. Letcher, Nick A. Littlewood, Carlos A. López‐Quintero, Mounir Louhaichi, Gabor L. Lövei, Manuel Esteban Lucas‐Borja, Victor H. Luja, Kaoru Maeto, Tibor Magura, Neil Aldrin Mallari, Erika Marin‐Spiotta, E. J. P. Marshall, Eliana Martínez, Margaret M. Mayfield, Grzegorz Mikusinski, Jeffrey C. Milder, James R. Miller, Carolina L. Morales, Mary N. Muchane, Muchai Muchane, Robin Naidoo, Akihiro Nakamura, Shoji Naoe, Guiomar Nates‐Parra, Dario A. Navarrete Gutierrez, Eike L. Neuschulz, Norbertas Noreika, Olivia Norfolk, Jorge Ari Noriega, Nicole M. Nöske, Niall O'Dea, William Oduro, Caleb Ofori‐Boateng, Chris O. Oke, Lynne M. Osgathorpe, Juan Paritsis, Alejandro Parra‐H, Nicolás Pelegrin, Carlos A. Peres, Anna S. Persson, Theodora Petanidou, Ben Phalan, T. Keith Philips, Katja Poveda, Eileen F. Power, Steven J. Presley, Vânia Proença, Marino Quaranta, Carolina Quintero, Nicola A. Redpath‐Downing, J. Leighton Reid, Yana T. Reis, Danilo B. Ribeiro, Barbara A. Richardson, Michael J. Richardson, Carolina A. Robles, Jörg Römbke, Luz Piedad Romero‐Duque, Loreta Rosselli, Stephen J. Rossiter, T'ai H. Roulston, Laurent Rousseau, Jonathan P. Sadler, Szabolcs Sáfián, Romeo A. Saldaña‐Vázquez, Ulrika Samnegård, Christof Schüepp, Oliver Schweiger, Jodi L. Sedlock, Ghazala Shahabuddin, Douglas Sheil, Fernando A. B. Silva, Eleanor M. Slade, Allan H. Smith‐Pardo, Navjot S. Sodhi, Eduardo J. Somarriba, Ramón A. Sosa, Jane C. Stout, Matthew J. Struebig, Yik‐Hei Sung, Caragh G. Threlfall, Rebecca Tonietto, Béla Tóthmérész, Teja Tscharntke, Edgar C. Turner, Jason M. Tylianakis, Adam J. Vanbergen, Kiril Vassilev, Hans A. F. Verboven, Carlos H. Vergara, Pablo M. Vergara, Jort Verhulst, Tony R. Walker, Yanping Wang, James I. Watling, Konstans Wells, Christopher D. Williams, Michael R. Willig, John C. Z. Woinarski, Jan H. D. Wolf, Ben A. Woodcock, Douglas W. Yu, Andrey S. Zaitsev, Ben Collen, Rob M. Ewers, Georgina M. Mace, Drew W. Purves, Jörn P. W. Scharlemann, and Andy Purvis

Subjects
Data sharing, global change, habitat destruction, land use, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Abstract Biodiversity continues to decline in the face of increasing anthropogenic pressures such as habitat destruction, exploitation, pollution and introduction of alien species. Existing global databases of species’ threat status or population time series are dominated by charismatic species. The collation of datasets with broad taxonomic and biogeographic extents, and that support computation of a range of biodiversity indicators, is necessary to enable better understanding of historical declines and to project – and avert – future declines. We describe and assess a new database of more than 1.6 million samples from 78 countries representing over 28,000 species, collated from existing spatial comparisons of local‐scale biodiversity exposed to different intensities and types of anthropogenic pressures, from terrestrial sites around the world. The database contains measurements taken in 208 (of 814) ecoregions, 13 (of 14) biomes, 25 (of 35) biodiversity hotspots and 16 (of 17) megadiverse countries. The database contains more than 1% of the total number of all species described, and more than 1% of the described species within many taxonomic groups – including flowering plants, gymnosperms, birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, beetles, lepidopterans and hymenopterans. The dataset, which is still being added to, is therefore already considerably larger and more representative than those used by previous quantitative models of biodiversity trends and responses. The database is being assembled as part of the PREDICTS project (Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems – https://www.nhm.ac.uk/our-science/our-work/biodiversity/predicts.html). We make site‐level summary data available alongside this article. The full database will be publicly available in 2015.

Published
2014
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4. Changes in structure and composition of evergreen forests on an altitudinal gradient in the Venezuelan Guayana Shield

Author

Lionel Hernández, Nelda Dezzeo, Elio Sanoja, Leandro Salazar, and Hernán Castellanos

Subjects
composición florística, estructura boscosa, Guayana venezolana, gradiente altitudinal, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

There have been several ecological studies in forests of the Guayana Shield, but so far none had examined the changes in structure and composition of evergreen forests with altitude. This study describes and analyzes the structure, species composition and soil characteristics of forest stands at different altitudinal zones in Southeastern Venezuelan Guayana, in order to explain the patterns and the main factors that determine the structure and composition of evergreen forests along the altitudinal gradient. Inventories of 3 948 big (>10cm DBH) and 1 328 small (5-10cm DBH) woody stems were carried out in eleven plots, ranging from 0.1 to 1.0ha, along a 188km long transect with elevations between 290 and 1 395masl. It has been found that 1) hemiepihytes become more dominant and lianas reduce their dominance with increasing altitude and 2) the forest structure in the study area is size-dependent. Five families and 12 genera represented only 9% of the total number of families and genera, respectively, recorded troughout the gradient, but the two groups of taxa comprised more than 50% of the Importance Value (the sum of the relative density and the relative dominance) of all measured stems. Moreover, the results suggest that low species richness seems to be associated with the dominance of one or few species. Stand-level wood density (WD) of trees decreased significantly with increasing elevation. WD is an indicator of trees’life history strategy. Its decline suggests a change in the functional composition of the forest with increasing altitude. The Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) indicated a distinction of the studied forests on the basis of their altitudinal levels and geographic location, and revealed different ecological responses by the forests, to environmental variables along the altitudinal gradient. The variation in species composition, in terms of basal area among stands, was controlled primarily by elevation and secondarily by rainfall and soil conditions. There are other interacting factors not considered in this study like disturbance regime, biological interactions, productivity, and dispersal history, which could affect the structure and composition of the forests in the altitudinal gradient. In conclusion, it appears that the structural and floristic variability observed in the studied transect is produced by a combination of different climates and randomly expressed local processes interacting across a complex physical landscape

Published
2012

6. The biogeography of the Amazonian tree flora

Author

Bruno Garcia Luize, Hanna Tuomisto, Robin Ekelschot, Kyle G. Dexter, Iêda L. do Amaral, Luiz de Souza Coelho, Francisca Dionízia de Almeida Matos, Diógenes de Andrade Lima Filho, Rafael P. Salomão, Florian Wittmann, Carolina V. Castilho, Marcelo de Jesus Veiga Carim, Juan Ernesto Guevara, Oliver L. Phillips, William E. Magnusson, Daniel Sabatier, Juan David Cardenas Revilla, Jean-François Molino, Mariana Victória Irume, Maria Pires Martins, José Renan da Silva Guimarães, José Ferreira Ramos, Olaf S. Bánki, Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade, Dairon Cárdenas López, Nigel C. A. Pitman, Layon O. Demarchi, Jochen Schöngart, Evlyn Márcia Moraes de Leão Novo, Percy Núñez Vargas, Thiago Sanna Freire Silva, Eduardo Martins Venticinque, Angelo Gilberto Manzatto, Neidiane Farias Costa Reis, John Terborgh, Katia Regina Casula, Euridice N. Honorio Coronado, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, Juan Carlos Montero, Flávia R. C. Costa, Ted R. Feldpausch, Adriano Costa Quaresma, Nicolás Castaño Arboleda, Charles Eugene Zartman, Timothy J. Killeen, Beatriz S. Marimon, Ben Hur Marimon, Rodolfo Vasquez, Bonifacio Mostacedo, Rafael L. Assis, Chris Baraloto, Dário Dantas do Amaral, Julien Engel, Pascal Petronelli, Hernán Castellanos, Marcelo Brilhante de Medeiros, Marcelo Fragomeni Simon, Ana Andrade, José Luís Camargo, William F. Laurance, Susan G. W. Laurance, Lorena Maniguaje Rincón, Juliana Schietti, Thaiane R. Sousa, Gisele Biem Mori, Emanuelle de Sousa Farias, Maria Aparecida Lopes, José Leonardo Lima Magalhães, Henrique Eduardo Mendonça Nascimento, Helder Lima de Queiroz, Caroline C. Vasconcelos, Gerardo A. Aymard C, Roel Brienen, Pablo R. Stevenson, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat Cintra, Tim R. Baker, Yuri Oliveira Feitosa, Hugo F. Mogollón, Joost F. Duivenvoorden, Carlos A. Peres, Miles R. Silman, Leandro Valle Ferreira, José Rafael Lozada, James A. Comiskey, José Julio de Toledo, Gabriel Damasco, Nállarett Dávila, Freddie C. Draper, Roosevelt García-Villacorta, Aline Lopes, Alberto Vicentini, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, Alfonso Alonso, Luzmila Arroyo, Francisco Dallmeier, Vitor H. F. Gomes, Eliana M. Jimenez, David Neill, Maria Cristina Peñuela Mora, Janaína Costa Noronha, Daniel P. P. de Aguiar, Flávia Rodrigues Barbosa, Yennie K. Bredin, Rainiellen de Sá Carpanedo, Fernanda Antunes Carvalho, Fernanda Coelho de Souza, Kenneth J. Feeley, Rogerio Gribel, Torbjørn Haugaasen, Joseph E. Hawes, Marcelo Petratti Pansonato, John J. Pipoly, Marcos Ríos Paredes, Domingos de Jesus Rodrigues, Jos Barlow, Erika Berenguer, Izaias Brasil da Silva, Maria Julia Ferreira, Joice Ferreira, Paul V. A. Fine, Marcelino Carneiro Guedes, Carolina Levis, Juan Carlos Licona, Boris Eduardo Villa Zegarra, Vincent Antoine Vos, Carlos Cerón, Flávia Machado Durgante, Émile Fonty, Terry W. Henkel, John Ethan Householder, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Marcos Silveira, Juliana Stropp, Raquel Thomas, Doug Daly, William Milliken, Guido Pardo Molina, Toby Pennington, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, Bianca Weiss Albuquerque, Wegliane Campelo, Alfredo Fuentes, Bente Klitgaard, José Luis Marcelo Pena, J. Sebastián Tello, Corine Vriesendorp, Jerome Chave, Anthony Di Fiore, Renato Richard Hilário, Luciana de Oliveira Pereira, Juan Fernando Phillips, Gonzalo Rivas-Torres, Tinde R. van Andel, Patricio von Hildebrand, William Balee, Edelcilio Marques Barbosa, Luiz Carlos de Matos Bonates, Hilda Paulette Dávila Doza, Ricardo Zárate Gómez, Therany Gonzales, George Pepe Gallardo Gonzales, Bruce Hoffman, André Braga Junqueira, Yadvinder Malhi, Ires Paula de Andrade Miranda, Linder Felipe Mozombite Pinto, Adriana Prieto, Agustín Rudas, Ademir R. Ruschel, Natalino Silva, César I. A. Vela, Stanford Zent, Egleé L. Zent, María José Endara, Angela Cano, Yrma Andreina Carrero Márquez, Diego F. Correa, Janaina Barbosa Pedrosa Costa, Bernardo Monteiro Flores, David Galbraith, Milena Holmgren, Michelle Kalamandeen, Guilherme Lobo, Luis Torres Montenegro, Marcelo Trindade Nascimento, Alexandre A. Oliveira, Maihyra Marina Pombo, Hirma Ramirez-Angulo, Maira Rocha, Veridiana Vizoni Scudeller, Maria Natalia Umaña, Geertje van der Heijden, Emilio Vilanova Torre, Tony Mori Vargas, Manuel Augusto Ahuite Reategui, Cláudia Baider, Henrik Balslev, Sasha Cárdenas, Luisa Fernanda Casas, William Farfan-Rios, Cid Ferreira, Reynaldo Linares-Palomino, Casimiro Mendoza, Italo Mesones, Germaine Alexander Parada, Armando Torres-Lezama, Ligia Estela Urrego Giraldo, Daniel Villarroel, Roderick Zagt, Miguel N. Alexiades, Edmar Almeida de Oliveira, Riley P. Fortier, Karina Garcia-Cabrera, Lionel Hernandez, Walter Palacios Cuenca, Susamar Pansini, Daniela Pauletto, Freddy Ramirez Arevalo, Adeilza Felipe Sampaio, Elvis H. Valderrama Sandoval, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Marina Hirota, Clarisse Palma-Silva, and Hans ter Steege

Subjects
Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Abstract We describe the geographical variation in tree species composition across Amazonian forests and show how environmental conditions are associated with species turnover. Our analyses are based on 2023 forest inventory plots (1 ha) that provide abundance data for a total of 5188 tree species. Within-plot species composition reflected both local environmental conditions (especially soil nutrients and hydrology) and geographical regions. A broader-scale view of species turnover was obtained by interpolating the relative tree species abundances over Amazonia into 47,441 0.1-degree grid cells. Two main dimensions of spatial change in tree species composition were identified. The first was a gradient between western Amazonia at the Andean forelands (with young geology and relatively nutrient-rich soils) and central–eastern Amazonia associated with the Guiana and Brazilian Shields (with more ancient geology and poor soils). The second gradient was between the wet forests of the northwest and the drier forests in southern Amazonia. Isolines linking cells of similar composition crossed major Amazonian rivers, suggesting that tree species distributions are not limited by rivers. Even though some areas of relatively sharp species turnover were identified, mostly the tree species composition changed gradually over large extents, which does not support delimiting clear discrete biogeographic regions within Amazonia.

Published
2024
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7. Unraveling Amazon tree community assembly using Maximum Information Entropy: a quantitative analysis of tropical forest ecology

Author

Bruno Garcia Luize, Milton Tirado, Veridiana Vizoni Scudeller, Marcelo Brilhante de Medeiros, Toby Pennington, Juliana Schietti, Aurora Levesley, Bianca Weiss Albuquerque, Lourens Poorter, Hirma Ramírez-Angulo, Juan David Cardenas Revilla, Egleé L. Zent, Domingos de Jesus Rodrigues, Everton José Almeida, Pascal Petronelli, Maria Aparecida Lopes, Diego Correa, William Milliken, Daniel Praia Portela de Aguiar, James A. Comiskey, Ben Hur Marimon-Junior, Italo Mesones, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, Edelcilio Marques Barbosa, Joost F. Duivenvoorden, Susan G. Laurance, Marcos Silveira, Ires Paula de Andrade Miranda, Corine Vriesendorp, Doug Daly, Katia Regina Casula, Luisa Fernanda Casas, Erika Berenguer, Dário Dantas do Amaral, Rafael L. Assis, Jens Kattge, Juliana Stropp, Edwin Pos, Henrik Balslev, Paul J. M. Maas, Ophelia Wang, José Ferreira Ramos, Jon Lloyd, Marcelino Carneiro Guedes, Geertje M. F. van der Heijden, Fernanda Coelho de Souza, Walter Palacios Cuenca, Vitor Hugo Freitas Gomes, Timothy R. Baker, Leandro Valle Ferreira, Nicolás Castaño Arboleda, Jérôme Chave, Carolina V. Castilho, María Natalia Umaña, Roosevelt García-Villacorta, George Pepe Gallardo Gonzales, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Hilda Paulette Dávila Doza, José Renan da Silva Guimarães, Raquel Thomas-Caesar, Hans ter Steege, Hernán Castellanos, Nállarett Dávila, Lionel Hernández, Yuri Oliveira Feitosa, Julien Engel, Olaf Bánki, Ángela Cano, Luiz de Souza Coelho, Gerhard Boenisch, Priscila Souza, André Braga Junqueira, Jochen Schöngart, Juan Fernando Phillips, Cid Ferreira, Gonzalo Rivas-Torres, Kenneth R. Young, Agustín Rudas, Ademir Roberto Ruschel, Elvis H. Valderrama Sandoval, Cláudia Baider, Mariana Victória Irume, Terry W. Henkel, Márcia Cléia Vilela dos Santos, Marcelo Petratti Pansonato, Timothy J. Killeen, Daniel Villarroel, Neidiane Farias Costa Reis, Stanford Zent, Rafael de Paiva Salomão, Georgia Pickavance, Daniela Pauletto, Karina Garcia-Cabrera, Rainiellen de Sá Carpanedo, Émile Fonty, Daniel Sabatier, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, Janaina Barbosa Pedrosa Costa, Emilio Vilanova Torre, Maíra da Rocha, William E. Magnusson, Manuel Augusto Ahuite Reategui, Ricardo Zárate Gómez, Renato R. Hilário, Juan Ernesto Guevara, Alfredo F. Fuentes, Charles E. Zartman, Karina Melgaço, Layon Oreste Demarchi, Marcelo Trindade Nascimento, Diogenes de Andrade Lima Filho, Joseph E. Hawes, Janaina da Costa de Noronha, Maria Pires Martins, Larissa Cavalheiro, Miles R. Silman, Francisco Dallmeier, Evlyn Márcia Moraes de Leão Novo, Freddy Ramirez Arevalo, Luiz Carlos de Matos Bonates, Jos Barlow, Milena Holmgren, Carlos A. Peres, William F. Laurance, Casimiro Mendoza, Roderick Zagt, Percy Núñez Vargas, Juan Carlos Licona, Sasha Cárdenas, John Terborgh, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Susamar Pansini, Ligia Estela Urrego Giraldo, Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade, Ted R. Feldpausch, César I.A. Vela, Oliver L. Phillips, Marcelo de Jesus Veiga Carim, José Julio de Toledo, Therany Gonzales, Kenneth J. Feeley, Ana Andrade, Patricio von Hildebrand, Bonifacio Mostacedo, Henrique E. M. Nascimento, Linder Felipe Mozombite Pinto, Reynaldo Linares-Palomino, Joice Ferreira, Jean-François Molino, Adriana Prieto, Christopher Baraloto, Jean-Louis Guillaumet, Luzmila Arroyo, Alvaro Duque, Alfonso Alonso, Yadvinder Malhi, Carlos Cerón, Anthony Di Fiore, J. Sebastián Tello, Luciane Ferreira Barbosa, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, José Leonardo Lima Magalhães, Carolina Levis, Rodrigo Sierra, Nigel C. A. Pitman, Iêda Leão do Amaral, William Farfan-Rios, Flávia Rodrigues Barbosa, C Gerardo Aymard, Natalino Silva, Hugo Mogollón, Francisca Dionízia de Almeida Matos, Paul V. A. Fine, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat Cintra, Adriano Costa Quaresma, Florian Wittmann, Vincent A. Vos, José Luís Camargo, Fernanda Carvalho, Tinde van Andel, Rogério Gribel, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, Roel J. W. Brienen, Juan Carlos Montero, Alberto Vicentini, Freddie Draper, Marcos Ríos Paredes, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, Angelo Gilberto Manzatto, Adeilza Felipe Sampaio, Boris Eduardo Villa Zegarra, Armando Torres-Lezama, David A. Neill, E. M. Jimenez, Rodolfo Vasquez, Bruce Hoffman, Dairon Cárdenas López, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Eduardo Martins Venticinque, Thiago Sanna Freire Silva, Helder Lima de Queiroz, John Ethan Householder, Gabriel Damasco, Bernardo M. Flores, Kyle G. Dexter, Pablo R. Stevenson, Miguel Alexiades, Aline Lopes, Alexandre S. Oliveira, Nathan J. B. Kraft, Flávia R. C. Costa, Maria Cristina Peñuela Mora, Emanuelle de Sousa Farias, Jose L. Pena, Marcelo F. Simon, Thaise Emilio, Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Oliveira, Alexandre A [0000-0001-5526-8109], University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development, Utrecht University [Utrecht], Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), EMBRAPA Amazônia Oriental, Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Montpellier (UM), ONF - Direction régionale de la Guyane [Cayenne], and Office national des forêts (ONF)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Geography & travel, Bioinformatics, Ecology (disciplines), Entropy, Forests, Information theory, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Computational biology, thermodynamics and nonlinear dynamics, Econometrics, Life Science, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Stabilizing selection, Relative abundance distribution, Ecosystem, ddc:910, Mathematics, MCC, Tropical Climate, Multidisciplinary, GE, Ecology, Principle of maximum entropy, 3rd-DAS, Biodiversity, 15. Life on land, Plants, PE&RC, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, Biosystematiek, Computational biology and bioinformatics, Complex dynamics, Quantitative analysis (finance), Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, FOS: Biological sciences, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Biosystematics, Probability distribution, Statistical physics, GE Environmental Sciences, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Funding: Floristic identification in plots in the RAINFOR forest monitoring network have been supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (grants NE/B503384/1, NE/ D01025X/1, NE/I02982X/1, NE/F005806/1, NE/D005590/1 and NE/I028122/1) and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. In a time of rapid global change, the question of what determines patterns in species abundance distribution remains a priority for understanding the complex dynamics of ecosystems. The constrained maximization of information entropy provides a framework for the understanding of such complex systems dynamics by a quantitative analysis of important constraints via predictions using least biased probability distributions. We apply it to over two thousand hectares of Amazonian tree inventories across seven forest types and thirteen functional traits, representing major global axes of plant strategies. Results show that constraints formed by regional relative abundances of genera explain eight times more of local relative abundances than constraints based on directional selection for specific functional traits, although the latter does show clear signals of environmental dependency. These results provide a quantitative insight by inference from large-scale data using cross-disciplinary methods, furthering our understanding of ecological dynamics. Publisher PDF

Published
2023

9. Solid-Liquid-Liquid Microextraction (µSLLE) for Determining Persistent Pollutants at Marine Microplastics

Author

Daura Vega-Moreno, Lionel Hernández Santana, Yusbeli García Sánchez, and Bárbara Abaroa Pérez

Subjects
Pollution, Pollutant, Microplastics, Food chain, media_common.quotation_subject, Environmental chemistry, Environmental science, Solid liquid, media_common, The arctic
Abstract

Persistant organic pollutants (POPs) enter to the ocean through the air-ocean interface, or from coastal inputs, especially in the mouths of rivers and gorges [1]. Their stability and persistence, on top of their pervasiveness from man-made pollution, means that POPs can be found in almost all matrices in the environment, especially at hydrophobic matrices as microplastic [2, 3]. Microplastics with POPs over their surface, can be transported over large distances [4]. They are found in all oceanic areas over the whole world, including remote polar regions such as the Arctic Ocean. Microplastics enter by ingestion to the food chain with the subsequent bio-accumulation and bio-magnification of POPs associated [5, 6].

Published
2020

10. Mapping density, diversity and species-richness of the Amazon tree flora

Author

Hans ter Steege, Nigel C. A. Pitman, Iêda Leão do Amaral, Luiz de Souza Coelho, Francisca Dionízia de Almeida Matos, Diógenes de Andrade Lima Filho, Rafael P. Salomão, Florian Wittmann, Carolina V. Castilho, Juan Ernesto Guevara, Marcelo de Jesus Veiga Carim, Oliver L. Phillips, William E. Magnusson, Daniel Sabatier, Juan David Cardenas Revilla, Jean-François Molino, Mariana Victória Irume, Maria Pires Martins, José Renan da Silva Guimarães, José Ferreira Ramos, Olaf S. Bánki, Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade, Dairon Cárdenas López, Domingos de Jesus Rodrigues, Layon O. Demarchi, Jochen Schöngart, Everton José Almeida, Luciane Ferreira Barbosa, Larissa Cavalheiro, Márcia Cléia Vilela dos Santos, Bruno Garcia Luize, Evlyn Márcia Moraes de Leão Novo, Percy Núñez Vargas, Thiago Sanna Freire Silva, Eduardo Martins Venticinque, Angelo Gilberto Manzatto, Neidiane Farias Costa Reis, John Terborgh, Katia Regina Casula, Euridice N. Honorio Coronado, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, Juan Carlos Montero, Flávia R. C. Costa, Ted R. Feldpausch, Adriano Costa Quaresma, Nicolás Castaño Arboleda, Charles Eugene Zartman, Timothy J. Killeen, Beatriz S. Marimon, Ben Hur Marimon-Junior, Rodolfo Vasquez, Bonifacio Mostacedo, Rafael L. Assis, Chris Baraloto, Dário Dantas do Amaral, Julien Engel, Pascal Petronelli, Hernán Castellanos, Marcelo Brilhante de Medeiros, Marcelo Fragomeni Simon, Ana Andrade, José Luís Camargo, William F. Laurance, Susan G. W. Laurance, Lorena Maniguaje Rincón, Juliana Schietti, Thaiane R. Sousa, Emanuelle de Sousa Farias, Maria Aparecida Lopes, José Leonardo Lima Magalhães, Henrique Eduardo Mendonça Nascimento, Helder Lima de Queiroz, Gerardo A. Aymard C., Roel Brienen, Pablo R. Stevenson, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Tim R. Baker, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat Cintra, Yuri Oliveira Feitosa, Hugo F. Mogollón, Joost F. Duivenvoorden, Carlos A. Peres, Miles R. Silman, Leandro Valle Ferreira, José Rafael Lozada, James A. Comiskey, Freddie C. Draper, José Julio de Toledo, Gabriel Damasco, Roosevelt García-Villacorta, Aline Lopes, Alberto Vicentini, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, Alfonso Alonso, Luzmila Arroyo, Francisco Dallmeier, Vitor H. F. Gomes, Eliana M. Jimenez, David Neill, Maria Cristina Peñuela Mora, Janaína Costa Noronha, Daniel P. P. de Aguiar, Flávia Rodrigues Barbosa, Yennie K. Bredin, Rainiellen de Sá Carpanedo, Fernanda Antunes Carvalho, Fernanda Coelho de Souza, Kenneth J. Feeley, Rogerio Gribel, Torbjørn Haugaasen, Joseph E. Hawes, Marcelo Petratti Pansonato, Marcos Ríos Paredes, Jos Barlow, Erika Berenguer, Izaias Brasil da Silva, Maria Julia Ferreira, Joice Ferreira, Paul V. A. Fine, Marcelino Carneiro Guedes, Carolina Levis, Juan Carlos Licona, Boris Eduardo Villa Zegarra, Vincent Antoine Vos, Carlos Cerón, Flávia Machado Durgante, Émile Fonty, Terry W. Henkel, John Ethan Householder, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Edwin Pos, Marcos Silveira, Juliana Stropp, Raquel Thomas, Doug Daly, Kyle G. Dexter, William Milliken, Guido Pardo Molina, Toby Pennington, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, Bianca Weiss Albuquerque, Wegliane Campelo, Alfredo Fuentes, Bente Klitgaard, José Luis Marcelo Pena, J. Sebastián Tello, Corine Vriesendorp, Jerome Chave, Anthony Di Fiore, Renato Richard Hilário, Luciana de Oliveira Pereira, Juan Fernando Phillips, Gonzalo Rivas-Torres, Tinde R. van Andel, Patricio von Hildebrand, William Balee, Edelcilio Marques Barbosa, Luiz Carlos de Matos Bonates, Hilda Paulette Dávila Doza, Ricardo Zárate Gómez, Therany Gonzales, George Pepe Gallardo Gonzales, Bruce Hoffman, André Braga Junqueira, Yadvinder Malhi, Ires Paula de Andrade Miranda, Linder Felipe Mozombite Pinto, Adriana Prieto, Agustín Rudas, Ademir R. Ruschel, Natalino Silva, César I. A. Vela, Egleé L. Zent, Stanford Zent, Angela Cano, Yrma Andreina Carrero Márquez, Diego F. Correa, Janaina Barbosa Pedrosa Costa, Bernardo Monteiro Flores, David Galbraith, Milena Holmgren, Michelle Kalamandeen, Guilherme Lobo, Luis Torres Montenegro, Marcelo Trindade Nascimento, Alexandre A. Oliveira, Maihyra Marina Pombo, Hirma Ramirez-Angulo, Maira Rocha, Veridiana Vizoni Scudeller, Rodrigo Sierra, Milton Tirado, Maria Natalia Umaña, Geertje van der Heijden, Emilio Vilanova Torre, Manuel Augusto Ahuite Reategui, Cláudia Baider, Henrik Balslev, Sasha Cárdenas, Luisa Fernanda Casas, María José Endara, William Farfan-Rios, Cid Ferreira, Reynaldo Linares-Palomino, Casimiro Mendoza, Italo Mesones, Germaine Alexander Parada, Armando Torres-Lezama, Ligia Estela Urrego Giraldo, Daniel Villarroel, Roderick Zagt, Miguel N. Alexiades, Edmar Almeida de Oliveira, Karina Garcia-Cabrera, Lionel Hernandez, Walter Palacios Cuenca, Susamar Pansini, Daniela Pauletto, Freddy Ramirez Arevalo, Adeilza Felipe Sampaio, Elvis H. Valderrama Sandoval, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Aurora Levesley, Georgia Pickavance, and Karina Melgaço

Subjects
Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Abstract Using 2.046 botanically-inventoried tree plots across the largest tropical forest on Earth, we mapped tree species-diversity and tree species-richness at 0.1-degree resolution, and investigated drivers for diversity and richness. Using only location, stratified by forest type, as predictor, our spatial model, to the best of our knowledge, provides the most accurate map of tree diversity in Amazonia to date, explaining approximately 70% of the tree diversity and species-richness. Large soil-forest combinations determine a significant percentage of the variation in tree species-richness and tree alpha-diversity in Amazonian forest-plots. We suggest that the size and fragmentation of these systems drive their large-scale diversity patterns and hence local diversity. A model not using location but cumulative water deficit, tree density, and temperature seasonality explains 47% of the tree species-richness in the terra-firme forest in Amazonia. Over large areas across Amazonia, residuals of this relationship are small and poorly spatially structured, suggesting that much of the residual variation may be local. The Guyana Shield area has consistently negative residuals, showing that this area has lower tree species-richness than expected by our models. We provide extensive plot meta-data, including tree density, tree alpha-diversity and tree species-richness results and gridded maps at 0.1-degree resolution.

Published
2023
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11. Species Distribution Modelling: Contrasting presence-only models with plot abundance data

Author

Ophelia Wang, José Ferreira Ramos, Leandro Valle Ferreira, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Bruno Garcia Luize, Ana Andrade, Juan David Cardenas Revilla, Bonifacio Mostacedo, Bianca Weiss Albuquerque, Vincent A. Vos, Ángela Cano, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Linder Felipe Mozombite Pinto, James A. Comiskey, Kenneth J. Feeley, Dário Dantas do Amaral, Reynaldo Linares-Palomino, Egleé L. Zent, Jochen Schöngart, Juan Fernando Phillips, Stanford Zent, Hirma Ramírez-Angulo, Rafael de Paiva Salomão, Pascal Petronelli, Jean-François Molino, Ires Paula de Andrade Miranda, Luiz Carlos de Matos Bonates, Emilio Vilanova Torre, Rogério Gribel, Christopher Baraloto, Luzmila Arroyo, William Milliken, Timothy R. Baker, Corine Vriesendorp, Henrik Balslev, Freddy Ramirez Arevalo, Juan Carlos Licona, Sasha Cárdenas, Percy Núñez Vargas, Evlyn Márcia Moraes de Leão Novo, Juan Ernesto Guevara, Susan G. Laurance, Marcos Silveira, Paul J. M. Maas, Daniel Sabatier, Stéphanie D. Ijff, Roel J. W. Brienen, Juan Carlos Montero, Charles E. Zartman, Armando Torres-Lezama, David A. Neill, Alberto Vicentini, Manuel Augusto Ahuite Reategui, John Terborgh, Luisa Fernanda Casas, Layon Oreste Demarchi, Maria Pires Martins, José Luís Marcelo Peña, Toby Pennington, Juliana Schietti, Milton Tirado, José Renan da Silva Guimarães, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Lionel Hernández, Gabriel Damasco, Gerardo Aymard, Karina Garcia-Cabrera, Aline Lopes, Diogenes de Andrade Lima Filho, Maíra da Rocha, Rafael L. Assis, Edwin Pos, Olaf Bánki, Cláudia Baider, Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade, Vitor Hugo Freitas Gomes, Marcos Ríos Paredes, Geertje M. F. van der Heijden, Cid Ferreira, Neidiane Farias Costa Reis, Jérôme Chave, Roosevelt García-Villacorta, Susamar Pansini, Ted R. Feldpausch, Flávia R. C. Costa, Maria Cristina Peñuela Mora, Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, Ricardo Zárate Gómez, Agustín Rudas, Casimiro Mendoza, Emanuelle de Sousa Farias, Italo Mesones, Fernanda Coelho de Souza, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, George Pepe Gallardo Gonzales, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat Cintra, Marcelo F. Simon, Alvaro Duque, Iêda Leão do Amaral, Carlos Cerón, Hans ter Steege, Yadvinder Malhi, Jean Louis Guillaumet, Miles R. Silman, Pablo R. Stevenson, Daniel Praia, E. M. Jimenez, Adriano Costa Quaresma, Paul V. A. Fine, Rodolfo Vasquez, Bruce Hoffman, Mariana Victória Irume, Carolina V. Castilho, Marcelo Brilhante de Medeiros, Miguel Alexiades, Terry W. Henkel, William Farfan-Rios, Daniel Villarroel, Anthony Di Fiore, Dairon Cárdenas López, Roderick Zagt, Florian Wittmann, Niels Raes, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, Julien Engel, Eduardo Martins Venticinque, Peter M. Jørgensen, Diego Correa, Henrique E. M. Nascimento, Gonzalo Rivas-Torres, Kenneth R. Young, Marcelo Petratti Pansonato, Timothy J. Killeen, Nállarett Dávila, Yuri Oliveira Feitosa, Hugo Mogollón, Thaise Emilio, Hernán Castellanos, Katia Regina Casula, Ben Hur Marimon, Ligia Estela Urrego Giraldo, Angelo Gilberto Manzatto, Francisco Dallmeier, Maria Natalia Umaña Medina, Therany Gonzales, Natalia Targhetta, Patricio von Hildebrand, Juliana Stropp, Boris Villa, Raquel Thomas-Caesar, Daniela Pauletto, Alexandre Adalardo de Oliveira, Nicolás Castaño Arboleda, Adriana Prieto, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, Rodrigo Sierra, Priscila Souza, Marcelo Trindade Nascimento, William F. Laurance, José Luís Camargo, Fernanda Carvalho, Tinde van Andel, Adeilza Felipe Sampaio, Thiago Sanna Freire Silva, César I.A. Vela, Kyle G. Dexter, William E. Magnusson, Hilda Paulette Dávila Doza, Joana Ricardo, Alfonso Alonso, Luiz de Souza Coelho, Oliver L. Phillips, Marcelo de Jesus Veiga Carim, Edelcilio Marques Barbosa, Joost F. Duivenvoorden, Walter Palacios Cuenca, Doug Daly, Ademir Roberto Ruschel, Elvis H. Valderrama Sandoval, Natalino Silva, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, Alfredo F. Fuentes, Carlos A. Peres, Francisca Dionízia de Almeida Matos, Carolina Levis, Nigel C. A. Pitman, Ecology and Biodiversity, Sub Ecology and Biodiversity, Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), International Center for Tropical Botany, Ecosystem and Landscape Dynamics (IBED, FNWI), Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Marine and Coastal Management, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), Instituto SINCHI, University of California, Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica, University of Leeds, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology - KIT, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas Do Amapá - IEPA, Université de Montpellier, Field Museum, Jardín Botánico de Missouri, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Norte, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais - INPE, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad Del Cusco, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Nicholas School of the Environment, Santa Cruz, Universidade Do Estado de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana - IIAP, University of Exeter, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Agteca-Amazonica, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno Santa Cruz, James Cook University, Fiocruz, IOC/FIOCRUZ Pav. Arthur Neiva, Calle Chile, Universidad de Los Andes, University of Amsterdam, UNELLEZ-Guanare, Endangered Species Coalition, Inventory and Monitoring Program National Park Service, Sustainability Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), University of Edinburgh, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Wageningen University and Research, Kew, Universidad Estatal Amazónica, University of Miami Coral, Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Coral, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico Do Rio de Janeiro, Alfredo Paredes Universidad Central, Florida International University, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Amazonía, Federal University of Alagoas, Universidade Federal Do Acre, Universidad Regional Amazónica IKIAM, Univ Guyane, Iwokrama International Programme for Rainforest Conservation, Humboldt State University, New York Botanical Garden, Servicios de Biodiversidad EIRL, Universitario UMSA, Missouri Botanical Garden, University of East Anglia, UMR 5174 EDB, Universidad Nacional Agraria la Molina, Wake Forest University, University of Texas at Austin, Madre de Dios, Fundación Puerto Rastrojo, Universidad San Francisco de Quito-USFQ, Conservation University of Florida, Fundación Estación de Biología, Amazon Conservation Team, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas - IVIC, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP), ACEER Foundation, Universidad Autónoma Del Beni José Ballivián, Centro de Investigación y Promoción Del Campesinado, Dyson Perrins Building, University of Queensland, University of Washington, University of Nottingham, Universidade Estadual Do Norte Fluminense, University of Maryland, GeoIS, Northern Arizona University, Manejo Forestal en Las Tierras Tropicales de Bolivia, Universidad Mayor de San Simon (UMSS), Mauritius Herbarium, Aarhus University, Conservation Biology Institute, Tropenbos International, Universidade Federal Do Oeste Do Pará, University of Missouri, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana, University of Kent, Universidad Técnica Del Norte, Utrecht University, Free University, Systems Ecology, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), and University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, History, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geography & travel, Physiology, QH301 Biology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Species distribution, Biodiversity, DIVERSITY, lcsh:Medicine, 01 natural sciences, biodiversité, Trees, Abundance (ecology), Statistics, K01 - Foresterie - Considérations générales, IUCN Red List, GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTIONS, ECOLOGICAL NICHE MODELS, lcsh:Science, Conservation Of Natural Resources, ddc:910, SDG 15 - Life on Land, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, Statistical Model, Species Distribution, MAXENT, Fabaceae, 3rd-DAS, F70 - Taxonomie végétale et phytogéographie, Écologie des populations, Sensitivity Analysis, BIAS, FLORESTAS TROPICAIS, Brazil, Tree, Human, Conservation of Natural Resources, Occupancy, Conservation, Distribution des populations, 010603 evolutionary biology, Plot (graphics), Article, Chrysobalanaceae, QH301, Écologie forestière, Inverse distance weighting, Pipeline, Statistics And Numerical Data, Life Science, Humans, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Species, Models, Statistical, Plant Dispersal, Brasil, lcsh:R, Information Processing, PERFORMANCE, Polygonaceae, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, Environmental niche modelling, THRESHOLDS, PATTERN, Modélisation, ABSENCE DATA, Environmental science, peuplement forestier, lcsh:Q, Prediction, Environmental Protection
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:17:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-12-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação Ministério da Educação Species distribution models (SDMs) are widely used in ecology and conservation. Presence-only SDMs such as MaxEnt frequently use natural history collections (NHCs) as occurrence data, given their huge numbers and accessibility. NHCs are often spatially biased which may generate inaccuracies in SDMs. Here, we test how the distribution of NHCs and MaxEnt predictions relates to a spatial abundance model, based on a large plot dataset for Amazonian tree species, using inverse distance weighting (IDW). We also propose a new pipeline to deal with inconsistencies in NHCs and to limit the area of occupancy of the species. We found a significant but weak positive relationship between the distribution of NHCs and IDW for 66% of the species. The relationship between SDMs and IDW was also significant but weakly positive for 95% of the species, and sensitivity for both analyses was high. Furthermore, the pipeline removed half of the NHCs records. Presence-only SDM applications should consider this limitation, especially for large biodiversity assessments projects, when they are automatically generated without subsequent checking. Our pipeline provides a conservative estimate of a species' area of occupancy, within an area slightly larger than its extent of occurrence, compatible to e.g. IUCN red list assessments. Coordenação de Botânica Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Av. Magalhães Barata 376, C.P. 399 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Ambientais Universidade Federal Do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa 01 Biodiversity Dynamics Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9517 Marine and Coastal Management, Deltares, Boussinesqweg 1 Coordenação de Biodiversidade Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo 2936 EMBRAPA Centro de Pesquisa Agroflorestal de Roraima, BR 174 km 8, Distrito Industrial Herbario Amazónico Colombiano Instituto SINCHI, Calle 20 No 5-44 Department of Integrative Biology University of California Universidad San Francisco de Quito Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica Coordenação de Pesquisas em Ecologia Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo 2936 School of Geography University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane Department of Wetland Ecology Institute of Geography and Geoecology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology - KIT, Josefstr 1 Biogeochemistry Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Hahn-Meitner Weg 1 Departamento de Botânica Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas Do Amapá - IEPA Campus Do IEPA da Fazendinha, Rodovia JK Km 10 AMAP IRD Cirad CNRS INRA Université de Montpellier, TA A-51/PS2, Bd. de la Lironde Science and Education Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive Coordenação de Dinâmica Ambiental Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo 2936 Jardín Botánico de Missouri Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP Instituto de Biociências - IB, Av. 24 A 1515 Centro de Biociências Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Norte, Av. Senador Salgado Filho 3000 Divisao de Sensoriamento Remoto - DSR Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais - INPE, Av. dos Astronautas 1758 Herbario Vargas Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad Del Cusco, Avenida de la Cultura, Nro 733 Departamento de Geografia Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Extas - IGCe Departamento de Biologia Universidade Federal de Rondônia, Rodovia BR 364 s/n Km 9.5 Center for Tropical Conservation Duke University Nicholas School of the Environment Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia - PPG-Bionorte Universidade Federal de Rondônia Campus Porto Velho, Km 9.5 Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal Santa Cruz, Av. 6 agosto 28 Km 14,Doble via La Guardia Casilla, 6204 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação Universidade Do Estado de Mato Grosso Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana - IIAP, Av. A. Quiñones km 2.5 Geography College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Exeter Departamento de Ciencias Forestales Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Calle 64 x Cra 65 Agteca-Amazonica Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno Santa Cruz Prédio da Botânica e Ecologia Embrapa Recursos Genéticos Biotecnologia Parque Estação Biológica, Av. W5 Norte Projeto Dinâmica Biológica de Fragmentos Florestais Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo 2936 Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis da Amazônia (EDTA) Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane Fiocruz, Rua Terezina 476 Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade Saúde Instituto Oswaldo Cruz IOC/FIOCRUZ Pav. Arthur Neiva, Térreo Av. Brasil 4365 Centro de Investigaciones Ecológicas de Guayana Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana Calle Chile, urbaniz Chilemex Laboratorio de Ecología de Bosques Tropicales y Primatología Universidad de Los Andes, Carrera 1 # 18a- 10 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia (Botânica) Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo 2936 Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics University of Amsterdam, Sciencepark 904 Programa de Ciencias Del Agro y El Mar Herbario Universitario (PORT) UNELLEZ-Guanare Endangered Species Coalition, 8530 Geren Rd MAUA Working Group Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo 2936 Inventory and Monitoring Program National Park Service, 120 Chatham Lane Center for Conservation Education Sustainability Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, 1100 Jefferson Dr. SW, Suite 3123 Biologia Vegetal Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Caixa Postal 6109 Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Rd Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20a Inverleith Row Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo 2936 Forest Ecology and Forest Management Group Wageningen University Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, P.O. Box 47 Natural Capital and Plant Health Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Ecosistemas Biodiversidad y Conservación de Especies Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Km. 2 1/2 vía a Tena (Paso Lateral) Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno Santa Cruz, Avenida Irala 565 Casilla Postal 2489 Centro de Biociências Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Norte Campus Universitário Department of Biology University of Miami Coral Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Coral Instituto de Biociências Dept. Ecologia Universidade de Sao Paulo - USP, Rua do Matão, Trav. 14, no. 321 Diretoria de Pesquisas Científicas Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico Do Rio de Janeiro Escuela de Biología Herbario Alfredo Paredes Universidad Central, Ap. Postal 17.01.2177 International Center for Tropical Botany (ICTB) Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, OE 243 Grupo de Ecología de Ecosistemas Terrestres Tropicales Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Amazonía Institute of Biological and Health Sciences Federal University of Alagoas, Av. Lourival Melo Mota, s/n Museu Universitário Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza Laboratório de Botânica e Ecologia Vegetal Universidade Federal Do Acre Universidad Regional Amazónica IKIAM, Km 7 via Muyuna Cirad UMR Ecofog AgrosParisTech CNRS INRA Univ Guyane Campus Agronomique Iwokrama International Programme for Rainforest Conservation Department of Biological Sciences Humboldt State University, 1 Harpst Street New York Botanical Garden, 2900 Southern Blvd Servicios de Biodiversidad EIRL, Jr. Independencia 405 Herbario Nacional de Bolivia Universitario UMSA, Casilla 10077 Correo Central Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299 School of Environmental Sciences University of East Anglia Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique CNRS Université Paul Sabatier UMR 5174 EDB Department of Forestry Management Universidad Nacional Agraria la Molina, Avenido La Molina, Apdo. 456 School of Geosciences University of Edinburgh, 201 Crew Building, King's Buildings Biology Department Center for Energy Environment and Sustainability Wake Forest University, 1834 Wake Forest Rd Department of Anthropology University of Texas at Austin, SAC 5.150, 2201 Speedway Stop C3200 Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program Madre de Dios Fundación Puerto Rastrojo, Cra 10 No. 24-76 Oficina 1201 Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales-COCIBA Galapagos Institute for the Arts and Sciences-GAIAS Universidad San Francisco de Quito-USFQ Department of Wildlife Ecology Conservation University of Florida, 110 Newins-Ziegler Hall Fundación Estación de Biología, Cra 10 No. 24-76 Oficina 1201 Embrapa Amazônia Oriental Trav. Dr. Enéas Pinheiro S/no Instituto de Ciencias Naturales Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Apartado, 7945 Amazon Conservation Team, Doekhieweg Oost #24 Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Medio Ambiente Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad Del Cusco, Jirón San Martín 451 Laboratory of Human Ecology Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas - IVIC, Ado 20632 Departement EV Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris, 16 rue Buffon Instituto de Ciência Agrárias Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Av. Presidente Tancredo Neves 2501 PROTERRA Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP), Av. A. Quiñones km 2 5 ACEER Foundation, Jirón Cusco No 370 Universidad Autónoma Del Beni José Ballivián Campus Universitario Final, Av. Ejercito Regional Norte Amazónico Centro de Investigación y Promoción Del Campesinado, C/Nicanor Gonzalo Salvatierra No 362 Environmental Change Institute Oxford University Centre for the Environment Dyson Perrins Building, South Parks Road School of Agriculture and Food Sciences ARC Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions CEED University of Queensland Instituto de Investigaciones para El Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR) Universidad de Los Andes, Conjunto Forestal, C.P. 5101 School of Environmental and Forest Sciences University of Washington University of Nottingham, University Park Geography and the Environment University of Texas at Austin, 305 E. 23rd Street, CLA building Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais Universidade Estadual Do Norte Fluminense, Av. Alberto Lamego 2000 Department of Biology University of Maryland GeoIS, El Día 369 y El Telégrafo, 3o Piso Environmental Science and Policy Northern Arizona University FOMABO Manejo Forestal en Las Tierras Tropicales de Bolivia Escuela de Ciencias Forestales (ESFOR) Universidad Mayor de San Simon (UMSS) Agricultural Services Ministry of Agro-Industry and Food Security Agricultural Services Ministry of Agro-Industry and Food Security Mauritius Herbarium Department of Bioscience Aarhus University, Building 1540 Ny Munkegade Ciencias Biológicas Universidad de Los Andes, Carrera 1 # 18a- 10 Medio Ambiente PLUSPRETOL Center for Conservation Education and Sustainability Smithsonian's National Zoo Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, 3001 Connecticut Ave Tropenbos International, Lawickse Allee 11 PO Box 232 Instituto de Biodiversidade e Floresta Universidade Federal Do Oeste Do Pará Campus Tapajós, Rua Vera Paz Department of Biology University of Missouri Facultad de Biologia Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana, Pevas 5ta cdra School of Anthropology and Conservation University of Kent, Marlowe Building Herbario Nacional Del Ecuador Universidad Técnica Del Norte Ecology and Biodiversity Group Utrecht University, Padualaan 8 Systems Ecology Free University, De Boelelaan 1087 Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP Instituto de Biociências - IB, Av. 24 A 1515 Departamento de Geografia Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Extas - IGCe CAPES: 407232/2013-3-PVE CNPq: 407232/2013-3-PVE Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação: 407232/2013-3-PVE Ministério da Educação: 407232/2013-3-PVE

Published
2018

12. Environmental drivers of forest structure and stem turnover across Venezuelan tropical forests

Author

Gerardo Aymard, Lionel Hernández, Geertje M. F. van der Heijden, Luis E. Gámez, Hirma Ramírez-Angulo, Emilio Vilanova, Gregory J. Ettl, Cristabel Durán, Oliver L. Phillips, Armando Torres-Lezama, and Rafael Herrera

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Rain, Plant Science, Forests, 01 natural sciences, Trees, Tropical climate, Biomass, Biomass (ecology), Principal Component Analysis, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, Plant Anatomy, Temperature, Eukaryota, Plants, Terrestrial Environments, Wood, Alluvial plain, Productivity (ecology), Regional variation, Research Design, Medicine, Seasons, Research Article, Census, Ecological Metrics, Death Rates, Science, Biomass (Ecology), Climate change, Context (language use), Research and Analysis Methods, 010603 evolutionary biology, Ecosystems, Population Metrics, Precipitation, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Tropical Climate, Survey Research, Population Biology, Productivity (Ecology), Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, 15. Life on land, Venezuela, Carbon, Earth Sciences, Environmental science
Abstract

Using data from 50 long-term permanent plots from across Venezuelan forests in northern South America, we explored large-scale patterns of stem turnover, aboveground biomass (AGB) and woody productivity (AGWP), and the relationships between them and with potential climatic drivers. We used principal component analysis coupled with generalized least squares models to analyze the relationship between climate, forest structure and stem dynamics. Two major axes associated with orthogonal temperature and moisture gradients effectively described more than 90% of the environmental variability in the dataset. Average turnover was 1.91 ± 0.10% year-1 with mortality and recruitment being almost identical, and close to average rates for other mature tropical forests. Turnover rates were significantly different among regions (p < 0.001), with the lowland forests in Western alluvial plains being the most dynamic, and Guiana Shield forests showing the lowest turnover rates. We found a weak positive relationship between AGB and AGWP, with Guiana Shield forests having the highest values for both variables (204.8 ± 14.3 Mg C ha-1 and 3.27 ± 0.27 Mg C ha-1 year-1 respectively), but AGB was much more strongly and negatively related to stem turnover. Our data suggest that moisture is a key driver of turnover, with longer dry seasons favoring greater rates of tree turnover and thus lower biomass, having important implications in the context of climate change, given the increases in drought frequency in many tropical forests. Regional variation in AGWP among Venezuelan forests strongly reflects the effects of climate, with greatest woody productivity where both precipitation and temperatures are high. Overall, forests in wet, low elevation sites and with slow turnover stored the greatest amounts of biomass. Although faster stand dynamics are closely associated with lower carbon storage, stem-level turnover rates and woody productivity did not show any correlation, indicating that stem dynamics and carbon dynamics are largely decoupled from one another.

Published
2018

13. Unraveling Amazon tree community assembly using Maximum Information Entropy: a quantitative analysis of tropical forest ecology

Author

Edwin Pos, Luiz de Souza Coelho, Diogenes de Andrade Lima Filho, Rafael P. Salomão, Iêda Leão Amaral, Francisca Dionízia de Almeida Matos, Carolina V. Castilho, Oliver L. Phillips, Juan Ernesto Guevara, Marcelo de Jesus Veiga Carim, Dairon Cárdenas López, William E. Magnusson, Florian Wittmann, Mariana Victória Irume, Maria Pires Martins, Daniel Sabatier, José Renan da Silva Guimarães, Jean-François Molino, Olaf S. Bánki, Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade, Nigel C. A. Pitman, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, José Ferreira Ramos, Joseph E. Hawes, Everton José Almeida, Luciane Ferreira Barbosa, Larissa Cavalheiro, Márcia Cléia Vilela dos Santos, Bruno Garcia Luize, Evlyn Márcia Moraes de Leão Novo, Percy Núñez Vargas, Thiago Sanna Freire Silva, Eduardo Martins Venticinque, Angelo Gilberto Manzatto, Neidiane Farias Costa Reis, John Terborgh, Katia Regina Casula, Euridice N. Honorio Coronado, Juan Carlos Montero, Beatriz S. Marimon, Ben Hur Marimon-Junior, Ted R. Feldpausch, Alvaro Duque, Chris Baraloto, Nicolás Castaño Arboleda, Julien Engel, Pascal Petronelli, Charles Eugene Zartman, Timothy J. Killeen, Rodolfo Vasquez, Bonifacio Mostacedo, Rafael L. Assis, Jochen Schöngart, Hernán Castellanos, Marcelo Brilhante de Medeiros, Marcelo Fragomeni Simon, Ana Andrade, José Luís Camargo, Layon O. Demarchi, William F. Laurance, Susan G. W. Laurance, Emanuelle de Sousa Farias, Maria Aparecida Lopes, José Leonardo Lima Magalhães, Henrique Eduardo Mendonça Nascimento, Helder Lima de Queiroz, Gerardo A. C. Aymard, Roel Brienen, Juan David Cardenas Revilla, Flávia R. C. Costa, Adriano Quaresma, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat Cintra, Pablo R. Stevenson, Yuri Oliveira Feitosa, Joost F. Duivenvoorden, Hugo F. Mogollón, Leandro Valle Ferreira, James A. Comiskey, Freddie Draper, José Julio de Toledo, Gabriel Damasco, Nállarett Dávila, Roosevelt García-Villacorta, Aline Lopes, Alberto Vicentini, Janaína Costa Noronha, Flávia Rodrigues Barbosa, Rainiellen de Sá Carpanedo, Thaise Emilio, Carolina Levis, Domingos de Jesus Rodrigues, Juliana Schietti, Priscila Souza, Alfonso Alonso, Francisco Dallmeier, Vitor H. F. Gomes, Jon Lloyd, David Neill, Daniel Praia Portela de Aguiar, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Luzmila Arroyo, Fernanda Antunes Carvalho, Fernanda Coelho de Souza, Dário Dantas do Amaral, Kenneth J. Feeley, Rogerio Gribel, Marcelo Petratti Pansonato, Jos Barlow, Erika Berenguer, Joice Ferreira, Paul V. A. Fine, Marcelino Carneiro Guedes, Eliana M. Jimenez, Juan Carlos Licona, Maria Cristina Peñuela Mora, Carlos A. Peres, Boris Eduardo Villa Zegarra, Carlos Cerón, Terry W. Henkel, Paul Maas, Marcos Silveira, Juliana Stropp, Raquel Thomas-Caesar, Tim R. Baker, Doug Daly, Kyle G. Dexter, John Ethan Householder, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Toby Pennington, Marcos Ríos Paredes, Alfredo Fuentes, José Luis Marcelo Pena, Miles R. Silman, J. Sebastián Tello, Jerome Chave, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, Anthony Di Fiore, Renato Richard Hilário, Juan Fernando Phillips, Gonzalo Rivas-Torres, Tinde R. van Andel, Patricio von Hildebrand, Edelcilio Marques Barbosa, Luiz Carlos de Matos Bonates, Hilda Paulette Dávila Doza, Émile Fonty, Ricardo Zárate Gómez, Therany Gonzales, George Pepe Gallardo Gonzales, Jean-Louis Guillaumet, Bruce Hoffman, André Braga Junqueira, Yadvinder Malhi, Ires Paula de Andrade Miranda, Linder Felipe Mozombite Pinto, Adriana Prieto, Agustín Rudas, Ademir R. Ruschel, Natalino Silva, César I. A. Vela, Vincent Antoine Vos, Egleé L. Zent, Stanford Zent, Bianca Weiss Albuquerque, Angela Cano, Diego F. Correa, Janaina Barbosa Pedrosa Costa, Bernardo Monteiro Flores, Milena Holmgren, Marcelo Trindade Nascimento, Alexandre A. Oliveira, Hirma Ramirez-Angulo, Maira Rocha, Veridiana Vizoni Scudeller, Rodrigo Sierra, Milton Tirado, Maria Natalia Umaña, Geertje van der Heijden, Emilio Vilanova Torre, Corine Vriesendorp, Ophelia Wang, Kenneth R. Young, Manuel Augusto Ahuite Reategui, Cláudia Baider, Henrik Balslev, Sasha Cárdenas, Luisa Fernanda Casas, William Farfan-Rios, Cid Ferreira, Reynaldo Linares-Palomino, Casimiro Mendoza, Italo Mesones, Armando Torres-Lezama, Ligia Estela Urrego Giraldo, Daniel Villarroel, Roderick Zagt, Miguel N. Alexiades, Karina Garcia-Cabrera, Lionel Hernandez, William Milliken, Walter Palacios Cuenca, Susamar Pansini, Daniela Pauletto, Freddy Ramirez Arevalo, Adeilza Felipe Sampaio, Elvis H. Valderrama Sandoval, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Gerhard Boenisch, Jens Kattge, Nathan Kraft, Aurora Levesley, Karina Melgaço, Georgia Pickavance, Lourens Poorter, and Hans ter Steege

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract In a time of rapid global change, the question of what determines patterns in species abundance distribution remains a priority for understanding the complex dynamics of ecosystems. The constrained maximization of information entropy provides a framework for the understanding of such complex systems dynamics by a quantitative analysis of important constraints via predictions using least biased probability distributions. We apply it to over two thousand hectares of Amazonian tree inventories across seven forest types and thirteen functional traits, representing major global axes of plant strategies. Results show that constraints formed by regional relative abundances of genera explain eight times more of local relative abundances than constraints based on directional selection for specific functional traits, although the latter does show clear signals of environmental dependency. These results provide a quantitative insight by inference from large-scale data using cross-disciplinary methods, furthering our understanding of ecological dynamics.

Published
2023
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14. Estimating the global conservation status of more than 15,000 Amazonian tree species

Author

Ted R. Feldpausch, Naara Ferreira da Silva, A C Gerardo Aymard, Henrique E. M. Nascimento, Milton Tirado, Egleé L. Zent, Nállarett Dávila, Ligia Estela Urrego Giraldo, Therany Gonzales, Dário Dantas do Amaral, Francisco Dallmeier, Maria Natalia Umaña Medina, William Milliken, Susan G. Laurance, Marcos Silveira, Rafael L. Assis, Natalia Targhetta, César I.A. Vela, Miguel Alexiades, Rafael de Paiva Salomão, Henrik Balslev, Ophelia Wang, Patricio von Hildebrand, E. M. Jimenez, Rodolfo Vasquez, José Ferreira Ramos, Alfonso Alonso, Alexandre Adalardo de Oliveira, Nicolás Castaño Arboleda, Leandro Valle Ferreira, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Bruce Hoffman, Roosevelt García-Villacorta, Jean-Louis Guillaumet, Alberto Vincentini, Bruno Garcia Luize, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat Cintra, Corine Vriesendorp, José Luís Camargo, Cláudia Baider, Dairon Cárdenas López, Álvaro Javier Duque Montoya, Adriana Prieto, Natalino Silva, Juan David Cardenas Revilla, Christopher Baraloto, Walter Palacios Cuenca, Hans ter Steege, Deborah de Castro, Geertje M. F. van der Heijden, Fernanda Carvalho, Ademir R. Ruschell, Tinde van Andel, Maria Pires Martins, Yadvinder Malhi, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, Pablo Roberto Stevenson Diaz, Eduardo Martins Venticinque, Agustín Rudas, Marisol Toledo, Luiz de Souza Coelho, Mariana Victória Irume, Terry W. Henkel, Fernanda Coelho de Souza, Peter M. Jørgensen, Ben-Hur Marimon, Juliana Stropp, Francisca Dionízia de Almeida Matos, Daniel Sabatier, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Elvis H. Valderrama Sandoval, James A. Comiskey, Thaise Emilio, Roderick Zagt, Gabriel Damasco, Luiz Carlos de Matos Bonates, Neidiane Farias Costa Reis, Karina Garcia-Cabrera, Lionel Hernández, Marcelo Brilhante de Medeiros, William Farfan-Rios, Rodrigo Sierra, Florian Wittmann, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, William E. Magnusson, Miles R. Silman, Anthony Di Fiore, Diogenes de Andrade Lima Filho, Daniel Villarroel, Carolina Levis, Nigel C. A. Pitman, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Italo Mesones, Priscila Souza, Carolina V. Castilho, Alfredo F. Fuentes, Katia Regina Casula, Jochen Schöngart, Adeilza Felipe Sampaio, Juan Fernando Phillips, Iêda Leão do Amaral, Carlos Cerón, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, Flávia R. C. Costa, Maria Cristina Peñuela Mora, Stanford Zent, Daniela Pauletto, Emanuelle de Sousa Farias, Ana Andrade, Bonifacio Mostacedo, Juan Ernesto Guevara, Raquel Thomas-Caesar, Paul V. A. Fine, Timothy R. Baker, Carlos A. Peres, Marcelo Trindade Nascimento, Hernán Castellanos, M. P. Pansonato, Armando Torres-Lezama, David A. Neill, Marcelo F. Simon, Casimiro Mendoza, José Renan da Silva Guimarães, William F. Laurance, Jean-François Molino, Ángela Cano, Juliana Schietti, Edelcilio Marques Barbosa, Joost F. Duivenvoorden, Angelo Gilberto Manzatto, Luzmila Arroyo, Doug Daly, Julien Engel, Natalia de Castro, Marcos Ríos Paredes, Cid Ferreira, Hirma Ramírez-Angulo, Oliver L. Phillips, Marcelo de Jesus Veiga Carim, Kenneth R. Young, Pascal Petronelli, Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, Ires Paula de Andrade Miranda, Timothy J. Killeen, Susamar Pansini, Paul J. M. Maas, Charles E. Zartman, Vincent A. Vos, Emilio Vilanova Torre, Freddy Ramirez Arevalo, Percy Núñez Vargas, John Terborgh, Rogério Gribel, Roel J. W. Brienen, Juan Carlos Montero, Hugo Mogollón, Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden], Duke University [Durham], Universidad de Las Américas [Ecuador] (UDLA), Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Centro de Pesquisa Agroflorestal de Roraima, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Coordenac Bao de Pesquisas em Ecologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Ecology and Global Change, School of Geography, University of Leeds, Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Universidad Nacional San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Division of Marine Science and Conservation, Nicholas School of the Environment, Missouri Bot Garden, 4344 Shaw Blvd, Missouri Botanical Garden (USA), Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, James Cook University (JCU), School of Geography [Leeds], Department of Integrative Biology, Bot Grad Program, Inst Nacl de Pesquisas da Amazonia, University of Edinburgh, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Center for Conservation Education and Sustainability, MRC 705, Box 37012, Washington, DC, VA 20013-7012, USA, Universidad Estatal Amazonica, Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado, Universidad Autonoma Gabriel René Moreno, Laboratório de Genética e Biologia Reprodutiva de Plantas, Department of Integrative Biology [Berkeley] (IB), University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, Universidad Autonoma Gabriel René Moreno (UAGRM), Herbario Nacional del Ecuador, Humboldt State University (HSU), Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Department of Botany, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Chercheur indépendant, Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program, University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Centre for the Environment, University of Oxford [Oxford], Instituto de Medicina Tropical 'Alexander von Humboldt' (IMT AvH), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia [Bogotà] (UNAL), Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal, Universidad de los Andes [Bogota], Geoinformática y Sistemas , Cia. Ltda (GeoIS), School of Geography, University of Oxford, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Northern Arizona University [Flagstaff], Instituto de Manejo Forestal, University of Kent [Canterbury], Royal Botanic Garden , Kew, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi [Belém, Brésil] (MPEG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco (UNSAAC), Missouri Botanical Garden, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), Universidad de los Andes [Bogota] (UNIANDES), Alberta Mennega Stichting, ALCOA Suriname, Amazon Conservation Association, Banco de la Republica, CELOS Suriname, CAPES (PNPG), Conselho Nacional de Desenvovimento Cientifico e Tecnologico of Brazil (CNPq), PELD [558069/2009-6, 403792/2012-6], PRONEX-FAPEAM [1600/2006], Areas Umidas, MAUA, PPBio, PVE [004/2012], Universal [479599/2008-4, 3078072009-6], FAPEAM [DCR/2006], Hidroveg, FAPESP, PRONEX, Colciencias, CONICIT, Duke University, Ecopetrol, FEPIM [044/2003], The Field Museum, Conservation International/DC, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Guyana Forestry Commission, Investissement d'Avenir grant of the French ANR [ANR-10-LABX-0025], IVIC, Margaret Mee Amazon Trust, Miquel fonds, MCTI-Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi-Proc [407232/2013-3-PVE-MEC/MCTI/CAPES/CNPq], National Geographic Society [7754-04, 8047-06, 6679-99, 7435-03, 8481-08], NSF Dissertation Improvement, Netherlands Foundation for the Advancement of Tropical Research WOTRO [WB85-335, W84-581], Primate Conservation Inc., Programme Ecosystemes Tropicaux (French Ministry of Ecology and Sustainable Development), Shell Prospecting and Development Peru, Smithsonian Institution's Biological Diversity of the Guiana Shield Program, Stichting het van Eeden-fonds, The Body Shop, The Ministry of the Environment of Ecuador, TROBIT, Tropenbos International, U.S. National Science Foundation [NSF-0743457, NSF0101775, NSF-0918591], USAID, Variety Woods Guyana, Wenner-Gren Foundation, WWF-Brazil, WWF-Guianas, Xlleme Contrat de Plan Etat Region-Guyane (French Government and European Union), European Union, UK Natural Environment Research Council, Gordon and BettyMoore Foundation, European Research Council Advanced Grant, Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award, [NSF-0726797], University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), University of Oxford, Royal Botanic Gardens [Kew], AGROCAMPUS OUEST-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université des Antilles (UA)-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Paleoecology and Landscape Ecology (IBED, FNWI), ter Steege, Hans, Hans ter Steege, Biodiversity Dynamics, Naturalis Biodiversity Center / Utrecht University, Nigel C. A. Pitman, The Field Museum / Duke University, Timothy J. Killeen, Agteca-Amazonica, William F. Laurance, James Cook University, Carlos A. Peres, University of East Anglia, Juan Ernesto Guevara, University of California / Museo Ecuatoriano de Ciencias Naturales, Rafael P. Salomão, MPEG, CAROLINA VOLKMER DE CASTILHO, CPAF-RR, Iêda Leão Amaral, INPA, Francisca Dionízia de Almeida Matos, INPA, Luiz de Souza Coelho, INPA, William E. Magnusson, INPA, Oliver L. Phillips, University of Leeds, Diogenes de Andrade Lima Filho, INPA, Marcelo de Jesus Veiga Carim, IEPA, Mariana Victória Irume, INPA, Maria Pires Martins, INPA, Jean-François Molino, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Daniel Sabatier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Florian Wittmann, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Dairon Cárdenas López, Herbario Amazónico Colombiano, Instituto SINCHI, José Renan da Silva Guimarães, IEPA, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, Jardín Botánico de Missouri, Percy Núñez Vargas, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Angelo Gilberto Manzatto, UFRO, Neidiane Farias Costa Reis, UFRO, John Terborgh, Duke University, Katia Regina Casula, UFRO, Juan Carlos Montero, INPA / Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, Ted R. Feldpausch, University of Leeds / University of Exeter, Euridice N. Honorio Coronado, University of Leeds / Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Alvaro Javier Duque Montoya, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Charles Eugene Zartman, INPA, Bonifacio Mostacedo, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, Rodolfo Vasquez, Jardín Botánico de Missouri, Rafael L. Assis, INPA, MARCELO BRILHANTE DE MEDEIROS, CENARGEN, MARCELO FRAGOMENI SIMON, CENARGEN, Ana Andrade, INPA, José Luís Camargo, INPA, Susan G. W. Laurance, James Cook University, Henrique Eduardo Mendonça Nascimento, INPA, Beatriz S. Marimon, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Ben-Hur Marimon Jr., Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Flávia Costa, INPA, Natalia Targhetta, INPA, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, MPEG, Roel Brienen, University of Leeds, Hernán Castellanos, Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana, Joost F. Duivenvoorden, University of Amsterdam, Hugo F. Mogollón, Endangered Species Coalition, Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade, INPA, Gerardo A. Aymard C., Herbario Universitario (PORT), UNELLEZ-Guanare, James A. Comiskey, National Park Service, Gabriel Damasco, University of California, Nállarett Dávila, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Roosevelt García-Villacorta, University of Edinburgh / Royal Botanic Garden of Edinburgh, Pablo Roberto Stevenson Diaz, Universidad de los Andes, Alberto Vincentini, INPA, Thaise Emilio, INPA / Royal Botanic Gardens, Carolina Levis, INPA / University of Wageningen, Juliana Schietti, INPA, Priscila Souza, INPA, Alfonso Alonso, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Francisco Dallmeier, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Leandro Valle Ferreira, MPEG, David Neill, Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Luzmila Arroyo, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Fernanda Antunes Carvalho, INPA, Fernanda Coelho Souza, INPA, Dário Dantas do Amaral, MPEG, Rogerio Gribel, Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Bruno Garcia Luize, INPA, Marcelo Petrati Pansonato, INPA, Eduardo Venticinque, UFRN, Paul Fine, University of California, Marisol Toledo, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, Chris Baraloto, INRA / Florida International University, Carlos Cerón, Escuela de Biología Herbario Alfredo Paredes, Universidad Central, Julien Engel, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, CNRS, Terry W. Henkel, Humboldt State University, Eliana M. Jimenez, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Amazonía, Paul Maas, Taxonomy and Systematics, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Maria Cristina Peñuela Mora, Universidad Regional Amazónica IKIAM, Pascal Petronelli, INRA, Juan David Cardenas Revilla, INPA, Marcos Silveira, UFAC, Juliana Stropp, Joint Research Centre of the European Commission / Federal University of Alagoas, Raquel Thomas-Caesar, Iwokrama International Programme for Rainforest Conservation, Tim R. Baker, University of Leeds, Doug Daly, New York Botanical Garden, Marcos Ríos Paredes, Servicios de Biodiversidad EIRL, Naara Ferreira da Silva, INPA, Alfredo Fuentes, Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, Universitario UMSA, Peter Møller Jørgensen, Missouri Botanical Garden, Jochen Schöngart, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Miles R. Silman, Wake Forest University, Nicolás Castaño Arboleda, Herbario Amazónico Colombiano, Instituto SINCHI, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat Cintra, INPA, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program, Anthony Di Fiore, University of Texas at Austin, Juan Fernando Phillips, Fundación Puerto Rastrojo, Tinde R. van Andel, Biodiversity Dynamics, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Patricio von Hildebrand, Fundación Estación de Biología, Edelcilio Marques Barbosa, INPA, Luiz Carlos de Matos Bonates, INPA, Deborah de Castro, INPA, Emanuelle de Sousa Farias, Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Therany Gonzales, ACEER Foundation, Jean-Louis Guillaumet, Muséum national d’histoire naturelle de Paris, Bruce Hoffman, Amazon Conservation Team, Yadvinder Malhi, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, Ires Paula de Andrade Miranda, INPA, Adriana Prieto, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Agustín Rudas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, ADEMIR ROBERTO RUSCHEL, CPATU, Natalino Silva, UFRA, César I. A. Vela, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Vincent A. Vos, Universidad Autónoma del Beni / Centro de Investigación y Promoción del Campesinado, Eglée L. Zent, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas - IVIC, Stanford Zent, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas - IVIC, Angela Cano, Universidad de los Andes, Marcelo Trindade Nascimento, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Alexandre A. Oliveira, USP, Hirma Ramirez-Angulo, Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR), Universidad de los Andes, José Ferreira Ramos, INPA, Rodrigo Sierra, GeoIS, Milton Tirado, GeoIS, Maria Natalia Umaña Medina, University of Maryland, Geertje van der Heijden, University ofWisconsin-Milwaukee, Emilio Vilanova Torre, Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR), Universidad de los Andes, Corine Vriesendorp, The Field Museum, Ophelia Wang, Northern Arizona University, Kenneth R. Young, University of Texas at Austin, Claudia Baider, USP / Agricultural Services, Ministry of Agro-Industry and Food Security, The Mauritius Herbarium, Henrik Balslev, Aarhus University, Natalia de Castro, INPA, William Farfan-Rios, Wake Forest University, Cid Ferreira, INPA, Casimiro Mendoza, FOMABO, Manejo Forestal en las Tierras Tropicales de Bolivia / UniversidadMayor de San Simon, Italo Mesones, University of California, Armando Torres-Lezama, Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR), Universidad de los Andes, Ligia Estela Urrego Giraldo, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Daniel Villarroel, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Roderick Zagt, Tropenbos International, Miguel N. Alexiades, University of Kent, Karina Garcia-Cabrera, Wake Forest University, Lionel Hernandez, Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, William Milliken, Royal Botanic Gardens, Walter Palacios Cuenca, Herbario Nacional del Ecuador, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Susamar Pansini, UFRO, Daniela Pauletto, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, Freddy Ramirez Arevalo, Universidad Nacional de laAmazonia Peruana, Adeilza Felipe Sampaio, UFRO, Elvis H. Valderrama Sandoval, Universidad Nacional de laAmazonia Peruana / University of Missouri, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Jardín Botánico de Missouri., HANS TER STEEGE, Biodiversity Dynamics, Naturalis Biodiversity Center / Utrecht University, NIGEL C. A. PITMAN, The Field Museum / Duke University, TIMOTHY J. KILLEEN, Agteca-Amazonica, WILLIAM F. LAURANCE, James Cook University, CARLOS A. PERES, University of East Anglia, JUAN ERNESTO GUEVARA, University of California / Museo Ecuatoriano de Ciencias Naturales, RAFAEL P. SALOMÃO, MPEG, IÊDA LEÃO AMARAL, INPA, FRANCISCA DIONÍZIA DE ALMEIDA MATOS, INPA, LUIZ DE SOUZA COELHO, INPA, WILLIAM E. MAGNUSSON, INPA, OLIVER L. PHILLIPS, University of Leeds, DIOGENES DE ANDRADE LIMA FILHO, INPA, MARCELO DE JESUS VEIGA CARIM, IEPA, MARIANA VICTÓRIA IRUME, INPA, MARIA PIRES MARTINS, INPA, JEAN-FRANÇOIS MOLINO, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), DANIEL SABATIER, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), FLORIAN WITTMANN, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, DAIRON CÁRDENAS LÓPEZ, Herbario Amazónico Colombiano, Instituto SINCHI, JOSÉ RENAN DA SILVA GUIMARÃES, IEPA, ABEL MONTEAGUDO MENDOZA, Jardín Botánico de Missouri, PERCY NÚÑEZ VARGAS, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, ANGELO GILBERTO MANZATTO, UFRO, NEIDIANE FARIAS COSTA REIS, UFRO, JOHN TERBORGH, Duke University, KATIA REGINA CASULA, UFRO, JUAN CARLOS MONTERO, INPA / Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, TED R. FELDPAUSCH, University of Leeds / University of Exeter, EURIDICE N. HONORIO CORONADO, University of Leeds / Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, ALVARO JAVIER DUQUE MONTOYA, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, CHARLES EUGENE ZARTMAN, INPA, BONIFACIO MOSTACEDO, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, RODOLFO VASQUEZ, Jardín Botánico de Missouri, RAFAEL L. ASSIS, INPA, ANA ANDRADE, INPA, JOSÉ LUÍS CAMARGO, INPA, SUSAN G. W. LAURANCE, James Cook University, HENRIQUE EDUARDO MENDONÇA NASCIMENTO, INPA, BEATRIZ S. MARIMON, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, BEN-HUR MARIMON JR., Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, FLÁVIA COSTA, INPA, NATALIA TARGHETTA, INPA, IMA CÉLIA GUIMARÃES VIEIRA, MPEG, ROEL BRIENEN, University of Leeds, HERNÁN CASTELLANOS, Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana, JOOST F. DUIVENVOORDEN, University of Amsterdam, HUGO F. MOGOLLÓN, Endangered Species Coalition, MARIA TERESA FERNANDEZ PIEDADE, INPA, GERARDO A. AYMARD C., Herbario Universitario (PORT), UNELLEZ-Guanare, JAMES A. COMISKEY, National Park Service, GABRIEL DAMASCO, University of California, NÁLLARETT DÁVILA, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, ROOSEVELT GARCÍA-VILLACORTA, University of Edinburgh / Royal Botanic Garden of Edinburgh, PABLO ROBERTO STEVENSON DIAZ, Universidad de los Andes, ALBERTO VINCENTINI, INPA, THAISE EMILIO, INPA / Royal Botanic Gardens, CAROLINA LEVIS, INPA / University of Wageningen, JULIANA SCHIETTI, INPA, PRISCILA SOUZA, INPA, ALFONSO ALONSO, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, FRANCISCO DALLMEIER, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, LEANDRO VALLE FERREIRA, MPEG, DAVID NEILL, Universidad Estatal Amazónica, ALEJANDRO ARAUJO-MURAKAMI, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, LUZMILA ARROYO, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, FERNANDA ANTUNES CARVALHO, INPA, FERNANDA COELHO SOUZA, INPA, DÁRIO DANTAS DO AMARAL, MPEG, ROGERIO GRIBEL, Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, BRUNO GARCIA LUIZE, INPA, MARCELO PETRATI PANSONATO, INPA, EDUARDO VENTICINQUE, UFRN, PAUL FINE, University of California, MARISOL TOLEDO, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, CHRIS BARALOTO, INRA / Florida International University, CARLOS CERÓN, Escuela de Biología Herbario Alfredo Paredes, Universidad Central, JULIEN ENGEL, UMR Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane, CNRS, TERRY W. HENKEL, Humboldt State University, ELIANA M. JIMENEZ, Universidad Nacional de Colombia Sede Amazonía, PAUL MAAS, Taxonomy and Systematics, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, MARIA CRISTINA PEÑUELA MORA, Universidad Regional Amazónica IKIAM, PASCAL PETRONELLI, INRA, JUAN DAVID CARDENAS REVILLA, INPA, MARCOS SILVEIRA, UFAC, JULIANA STROPP, Joint Research Centre of the European Commission / Federal University of Alagoas, RAQUEL THOMAS-CAESAR, Iwokrama International Programme for Rainforest Conservation, TIM R. BAKER, University of Leeds, DOUG DALY, New York Botanical Garden, MARCOS RÍOS PAREDES, Servicios de Biodiversidad EIRL, NAARA FERREIRA DA SILVA, INPA, ALFREDO FUENTES, Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, Universitario UMSA, PETER MØLLER JØRGENSEN, Missouri Botanical Garden, JOCHEN SCHÖNGART, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, MILES R. SILMAN, Wake Forest University, NICOLÁS CASTAÑO ARBOLEDA, Herbario Amazónico Colombiano, Instituto SINCHI, BRUNO BARÇANTE LADVOCAT CINTRA, INPA, FERNANDO CORNEJO VALVERDE, Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program, ANTHONY DI FIORE, University of Texas at Austin, JUAN FERNANDO PHILLIPS, Fundación Puerto Rastrojo, TINDE R. VAN ANDEL, Biodiversity Dynamics, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PATRICIO VON HILDEBRAND, Fundación Estación de Biología, EDELCILIO MARQUES BARBOSA, INPA, LUIZ CARLOS DE MATOS BONATES, INPA, DEBORAH DE CASTRO, INPA, EMANUELLE DE SOUSA FARIAS, Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, THERANY GONZALES, ACEER Foundation, JEAN-LOUIS GUILLAUMET, Muséum national d’histoire naturelle de Paris, BRUCE HOFFMAN, Amazon Conservation Team, YADVINDER MALHI, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, IRES PAULA DE ANDRADE MIRANDA, INPA, ADRIANA PRIETO, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, AGUSTÍN RUDAS, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, NATALINO SILVA, UFRA, CÉSAR I. A. VELA, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, VINCENT A. VOS, Universidad Autónoma del Beni / Centro de Investigación y Promoción del Campesinado, EGLÉE L. ZENT, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas - IVIC, STANFORD ZENT, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas - IVIC, ANGELA CANO, Universidad de los Andes, MARCELO TRINDADE NASCIMENTO, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, ALEXANDRE A. OLIVEIRA, USP, HIRMA RAMIREZ-ANGULO, Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR), Universidad de los Andes, JOSÉ FERREIRA RAMOS, INPA, RODRIGO SIERRA, GeoIS, MILTON TIRADO, GeoIS, MARIA NATALIA UMAÑA MEDINA, University of Maryland, GEERTJE VAN DER HEIJDEN, University ofWisconsin-Milwaukee, EMILIO VILANOVA TORRE, Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR), Universidad de los Andes, CORINE VRIESENDORP, The Field Museum, OPHELIA WANG, Northern Arizona University, KENNETH R. YOUNG, University of Texas at Austin, CLAUDIA BAIDER, USP / Agricultural Services, Ministry of Agro-Industry and Food Security, The Mauritius Herbarium, HENRIK BALSLEV, Aarhus University, NATALIA DE CASTRO, INPA, WILLIAM FARFAN-RIOS, Wake Forest University, CID FERREIRA, INPA, CASIMIRO MENDOZA, FOMABO, Manejo Forestal en las Tierras Tropicales de Bolivia / UniversidadMayor de San Simon, ITALO MESONES, University of California, ARMANDO TORRES-LEZAMA, Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR), Universidad de los Andes, LIGIA ESTELA URREGO GIRALDO, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, DANIEL VILLARROEL, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, RODERICK ZAGT, Tropenbos International, MIGUEL N. ALEXIADES, University of Kent, KARINA GARCIA-CABRERA, Wake Forest University, LIONEL HERNANDEZ, Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana, ISAU HUAMANTUPA-CHUQUIMACO, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, WILLIAM MILLIKEN, Royal Botanic Gardens, WALTER PALACIOS CUENCA, Herbario Nacional del Ecuador, Universidad Técnica del Norte, SUSAMAR PANSINI, UFRO, DANIELA PAULETTO, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará, FREDDY RAMIREZ AREVALO, Universidad Nacional de laAmazonia Peruana, ADEILZA FELIPE SAMPAIO, UFRO, ELVIS H. VALDERRAMA SANDOVAL, Universidad Nacional de laAmazonia Peruana / University of Missouri, and LUIS VALENZUELA GAMARRA, Jardín Botánico de Missouri.

Subjects
Conservation Status, Land Use Policy, Geography & travel, Amazonian, Threatened Species, Conservation-dependent species, Protected Areas, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, Conservation Planning, Land Use, IUCN Red List, Deforestation, Research Articles, ddc:910, Multidisciplinary, Near-threatened species, Extinction Risks, Ecology, Conservação, Amazonia, Conservation, Protected areas, Indigenous areas, Tree species, SciAdv r-articles, Gap analysis (conservation), Forestry, Tropical Tree Species, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, PE&RC, Geography, Research Article, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Life Science, Bosecologie en Bosbeheer, Indigenous People, Tropics, 15. Life on land, Forest Ecology and Forest Management, Espécie, 13. Climate action, Threatened species, Conservation status, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Environmental Protection, Desmatamento
Abstract

Analyses of forest loss and protected areas suggest that 36 to 57% of Amazonian tree flora may qualify as “globally threatened.”, Estimates of extinction risk for Amazonian plant and animal species are rare and not often incorporated into land-use policy and conservation planning. We overlay spatial distribution models with historical and projected deforestation to show that at least 36% and up to 57% of all Amazonian tree species are likely to qualify as globally threatened under International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List criteria. If confirmed, these results would increase the number of threatened plant species on Earth by 22%. We show that the trends observed in Amazonia apply to trees throughout the tropics, and we predict that most of the world’s >40,000 tropical tree species now qualify as globally threatened. A gap analysis suggests that existing Amazonian protected areas and indigenous territories will protect viable populations of most threatened species if these areas suffer no further degradation, highlighting the key roles that protected areas, indigenous peoples, and improved governance can play in preventing large-scale extinctions in the tropics in this century.

Published
2015

15. Hyperdominance in the Amazonian Tree Flora

Author

César I.A. Vela, Nállarett Dávila, E. M. Jimenez, Rodolfo Vasquez, Bruce Hoffman, Dairon Cárdenas López, A C Gerardo Aymard, Alfonso Alonso, Carolina Levis, Nigel C. A. Pitman, Milton Tirado, Miguel Alexiades, Adriana Prieto, Iêda Leão do Amaral, Jochen Schöngart, Juan Fernando Phillips, Egleé L. Zent, Natalino Silva, Walter Palacios Cuenca, Francisca Dionízia de Almeida Matos, Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez, Paul V. A. Fine, Stanford Zent, Jérôme Chave, Roosevelt García-Villacorta, Carolina V. Castilho, William Milliken, Gonzalo Rivas, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, Susan G. Laurance, Marcos Silveira, Emilio Vilanova Torre, Timothy R. Baker, Corine Vriesendorp, Elvis H. Valderrama Sandoval, Percy Núñez Vargas, Rodrigo Sierra, Hernán Castellanos, Rafael L. Assis, Daniel Sabatier, John Terborgh, Miles R. Silman, Juliana Schietti, Ophelia Wang, William E. Magnusson, Angela Cano Schutz, Cid Ferreira, Kenneth J. Feeley, Lionel Hernández, Ademir R. Ruschell, Juliana Stropp, Geertje M. F. van der Heijden, Diogenes de Andrade Lima Filho, Oliver L. Phillips, Ben Hur Marimon, Thaise Emilio, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Álvaro Javier Duque Montoya, Francisco Dallmeier, Hugo Mogollón, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Alexandre Adalardo de Oliveira, Christopher Baraloto, Maria Natalia Umaña Medina, Henrik Balslev, Peter M. Jørgensen, Hirma Ramírez-Angulo, Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade, Kyle G. Dexter, Julien Engel, Pascal Petronelli, Kenneth R. Young, Priscila Souza, Hans ter Steege, Ligia Estela Urrego Giraldo, Timothy J. Killeen, Therany Gonzales, Agustín Rudas, Flávia R. C. Costa, Patricio von Hildebrand, Yadvinder Malhi, Carlos Cerón, Pablo Roberto Stevenson Diaz, Terry W. Henkel, Ana Andrade, Maria Cristina Peñuela Mora, Marcelo Trindade Nascimento, Italo Mesones, Bonifacio Mostacedo, Abel Monteagudo, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, Daniela Pauletto, Charles E. Zartman, Jean-François Molino, William F. Laurance, Tinde van Andel, Luzmila Arroyo, Roderick Zagt, Rafael de Paiva Salomão, Marisol Toledo, Ted R. Feldpausch, Cláudia Baider, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, Paul J. M. Maas, Alfredo F. Fuentes, Anthony Di Fiore, Carlos A. Peres, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Joost F. Duivenvoorden, Doug Daly, Juan Ernesto Guevara, Armando Torres-Lezama, David A. Neill, Florian Wittmann, Marcos Ríos Paredes, Vincent A. Vos, Rogério Gribel, Roel J. W. Brienen, Juan Carlos Montero, Paleoecology and Landscape Ecology (IBED, FNWI), Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden], Utrecht University [Utrecht], Duke University [Durham], Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, School of Geography and the Environment [Oxford] (SoGE), University of Oxford [Oxford], Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa), Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento [Brasil] (MAPA), Governo do Brasil-Governo do Brasil, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Missouri Botanical Garden, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco (UNSAAC), Bolivia Sustainable Forest Management Project, Partenaires INRAE, University of Exeter, Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP), World Wide Fund for Nature, Universidad Autonoma Gabriel René Moreno, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (MPIC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, James Cook University (JCU), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi [Belém, Brésil] (MPEG), Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana, Instituto Amazonico de Investigaciones Cientificas, Vrije universiteit = Free university of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), Endangered Species Coalition, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), University of Edinburgh, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Universidad de Los Andes, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Departamento de Ciencias Forestales, Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado [Bolivie], Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Pesquisas, Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research and School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia [Norwich] (UEA), Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal (IBIF), Universidad Nacional Experimental de Los Llanos Occidentales, Universidad Central del Ecuador (UCE), Humboldt State University (HSU), Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), New York Botanical Garden (NYBG), Universidad Estatal Amazonica, Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC), Servicios de Biodiversidad EIRL, Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC), Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program, University of Texas at Austin, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Fundacion Puerto Rastrojo, University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas (IVIC), Environmental Change Institute, School of Geography and the Environment, Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA), Universidad Autonoma del Beni, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Amazon Center for Environmental Education and Research Foundation, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Geoinformática y Sistemas , Cia. Ltda (GeoIS), Staff publications, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, and VU University Amsterdam

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, go extinct, tropical forest, rain-forest, diversification, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Population, distributions, Biodiversity, Rainforest, Models, Biological, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, species abundance, diversity, 03 medical and health sciences, tree species, Rivers, Amazonia, Dominance (ecology), rarity, patterns, hyperdominance, education, Amazon Basin, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, Ecology, Agroforestry, Amazon rainforest, plants, Plant community, trees, commonness, South America, 15. Life on land, ECOLOGIA, Guiana Shield, Geography, Habitat, Species richness, richness
Abstract

Introduction Recent decades have seen a major international effort to inventory tree communities in the Amazon Basin and Guiana Shield (Amazonia), but the vast extent and record diversity of these forests have hampered an understanding of basinwide patterns. To overcome this obstacle, we compiled and standardized species-level data on more than half a million trees in 1170 plots sampling all major lowland forest types to explore patterns of commonness, rarity, and richness. Methods The ~6-million-km 2 Amazonian lowlands were divided into 1° cells, and mean tree density was estimated for each cell by using a loess regression model that included no environmental data but had its basis exclusively in the geographic location of tree plots. A similar model, allied with a bootstrapping exercise to quantify sampling error, was used to generate estimated Amazon-wide abundances of the 4962 valid species in the data set. We estimated the total number of tree species in the Amazon by fitting the mean rank-abundance data to Fisher’s log-series distribution. Results Our analyses suggest that lowland Amazonia harbors 3.9 × 10 11 trees and ~16,000 tree species. We found 227 “hyperdominant” species (1.4% of the total) to be so common that together they account for half of all trees in Amazonia, whereas the rarest 11,000 species account for just 0.12% of trees. Most hyperdominants are habitat specialists that have large geographic ranges but are only dominant in one or two regions of the basin, and a median of 41% of trees in individual plots belong to hyperdominants. A disproportionate number of hyperdominants are palms, Myristicaceae, and Lecythidaceae. Discussion The finding that Amazonia is dominated by just 227 tree species implies that most biogeochemical cycling in the world’s largest tropical forest is performed by a tiny sliver of its diversity. The causes underlying hyperdominance in these species remain unknown. Both competitive superiority and widespread pre-1492 cultivation by humans are compelling hypotheses that deserve testing. Although the data suggest that spatial models can effectively forecast tree community composition and structure of unstudied sites in Amazonia, incorporating environmental data may yield substantial improvements. An appreciation of how thoroughly common species dominate the basin has the potential to simplify research in Amazonian biogeochemistry, ecology, and vegetation mapping. Such advances are urgently needed in light of the >10,000 rare, poorly known, and potentially threatened tree species in the Amazon.

Published
2013

16. Supplementary Material 2

Author

Tibor Magura, Frank M. Clarke, Andrey S. Zaitsev, Carsten F. Dormann, Lars Edenius, Teja Tscharntke, Yamileth Domínguez-Haydar, Helen Phillips, Lucinda Kirkpatrick, Jochen H. Bihn, Jonathan P. Sadler, Edgar C. Turner, John E. Banks, Morgan Garon, Thibault Lachat, Juan Paritsis, Ben Darvill, Jake E. Bicknell, Lauchlan H. Fraser, Lionel Hernández, Felix Herzog, Pedro Beja, Navjot S. Sodhi, Kaoru Maeto, Andy Purvis, Birgit Jauker, Paolo Giordani, Aaron D. Gove, Adrián B Azpiroz, Anelena L Carvalho, Carlos A. López Quintero, Ulrika Samnegård, Victoria Kemp, Jort Verhulst, Loreta Rosselli, Dominic J. Bennett, Hollie Booth, Mick E. Hanley, Oliver Schweiger, Víctor J. Jaramillo, Gilbert B. Adum, Victoria Lantschner, Jeffrey C. Milder, Sara Contu, Ádám Kőrösi, Stefan Abrahamczyk, Violette Le Féon, Pedro Giovâni da Silva, Eliana M. Cancello, Konstans Wells, Rolando Cerda, Romeo A. Saldaña Vázquez, Ramón A. Sosa, Paola J. Isaacs-Cubides, Kristoffer Hylander, Isabel Brito, Dario Furlani, Bertrand Dumont, Erika Marin-Spiotta, John C. Z. Woinarski, Matthew J. Struebig, Marc Ancrenaz, William Oduro, Ben Phalan, Guiomar Nates-Parra, Neil Aldrin D. Mallari, Yanping Wang, Thor Hanson, Erika Buscardo, Tony R. Walker, Nor Rasidah Hashim, Eileen F. Power, Jason M. Tylianakis, Robert M. Ewers, Gentile Francesco Ficetola, T. Keith Philips, Sydney A. Cameron, Igor Lysenko, Yana T. Reis, Drew W. Purves, Jérémy Bouyer, Stephen J. Rossiter, Lynne M. Osgathorpe, Nick A. Littlewood, Lawrence N. Hudson, Olivia Norfolk, Eduardo Somarriba, María Calviño-Cancela, Julie Day, Jens Dauber, Michelle L K Harrison, Thomas S. Jung, Nina Farwig, Caragh G. Threlfall, Christof Schüepp, Ben Collen, Nicolás Pelegrin, Danilo Bandini Ribeiro, Antonio Felicioli, Zoltán Elek, Jenni G. Garden, Christian Hébert, Shoji Naoe, Alvin J. Helden, Yik Hei Sung, Eike Lena Neuschulz, Dave Goulson, Stuart Connop, Adam J. Vanbergen, Carlos A. Peres, Eliana Martínez, Rebecca K. Tonietto, Muchai Muchane, Marco Silva Gottschalk, Jimmy Cabra-García, Tim Newbold, Gábor L. Lövei, Simon G. Dures, Carmen T Jacobs, Hans Verboven, Mats Dynesius, Ben A. Woodcock, Manuel Esteban Lucas-Borja, Matthieu Chauvat, E J P Marshall, Francis Q. Brearley, Gretchen LeBuhn, Jos Barlow, Caleb Ofori-Boateng, Job Aben, Marino Quaranta, Carolina L. Morales, Daisuke Fukuda, Mary N Muchane, Allan H. Smith Pardo, Vassiliki Kati, Martin Jung, Enrique Arbeláez-Cortés, Nicole M. Nöske, Jodi L. Sedlock, Niall O'Dea, Badrul Azhar, John-André Henden, Roland Horváth, Callum D. Martin, Georgina M. Mace, Tiago F. Carrijo, Eva Knop, Diego Higuera-Diaz, Víctor H. Luja, Daniel F. R. Cleary, Alain Dejean, Jane C. Stout, Simonetta Giordano, Rebecca A. Senior, Åke Berg, Masahiro Ishitani, Branko Hilje, Carolina A. Robles, Lander Baeten, Douglas Sheil, András Báldi, Bruno K. C. Filgueiras, Helena Castro, Michael Kessler, Daniel J. Ingram, Pablo M. Vergara, Douglas W. Yu, Susy Echeverría-Londoño, Carlos H. Vergara, Hannah J. White, T'ai H. Roulston, James R. Miller, Theodora Petanidou, Jean-Philippe Légaré, Nicholas J. Berry, Annette Kolb, Norbertas Noreika, Erin M. Bayne, Mounir Louhaichi, Michael J. Richardson, Szabolcs Sáfián, James I. Watling, Yuan Pan, Anna Persson, Ghazala Shahabuddin, Teun Boekhout, Steven J. Presley, H. Alejandro Parra, Steven J. Fonte, Margaret M. Mayfield, Inge Armbrecht, Adam J. Bates, J. Leighton Reid, Laurent Rousseau, Robin Naidoo, Carolina Quintero, David L P Correia, Vânia Proença, Vena Kapoor, Biagio D'Aniello, Susan G. Letcher, Grzegorz Mikusiński, Nicola A. Redpath Downing, Annika M. Felton, Argyrios Choimes, Michael R. Willig, Akihiro Nakamura, Kiril Vassilev, Barbara A. Richardson, Fernando A. B. Silva, Carla Gheler-Costa, Joseph E Hawes, Jörg Brunet, Virginia Aguilar-Barquero, Jan H. D. Wolf, Martin H. Entling, Jörn P. W. Scharlemann, Alejandro A. Castro Luna, Finbarr G. Horgan, Jorge Ari Noriega, Samantha L. L. Hill, Jörg U. Ganzhorn, Eric Katovai, Adriana De Palma, Marcelo A. Aizen, Tom M. Fayle, Mats Jonsell, Katja Poveda, Luz Piedad Romero-Duque, Alexis Cerezo, Dario A Navarrete Gutierrez, Christopher D. Williams, James Grogan, Grzegorz Buczkowski, Pé ter Batáry, Chris O. Oke, Jörg Römbke, Bé la Tóthmérész, Tim Diekötter, Céline Boutin, Eleanor M. Slade, and Katrin Böhning-Gaese

Subjects
Cultural Studies, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Chemistry, Anthropology, Cystolith, medicine, Bladder stones, Magnesium ammonium phosphate, medicine.disease, Nuclear chemistry
Published
2012

17. Crecimiento diamétrico arbóreo en bosques de Sierra de Lema, Guayana venezolana: primeras evaluaciones

Author

Hernán Castellanos and Lionel Hernández

Subjects
Guayana Venezolana, Crecimiento Diamétrico, Sierra de Lema, Bosques Tropicales
Abstract

Con el fin de describir y analizar el crecimiento diamétrico arbóreo de bosques en un gradiente altitudinal (290-1395msnm), fueron realizados censos arbóreos sucesivos en 22 parcelas permanentes de 0,1ha localizadas en 6 sitios durante períodos variables de monitoreo de 1 a 5 años. Este gradiente está ubicado en La Escalera en la Sierra de Lema, al sudeste de Venezuela, y comprende los bioclimas: húmedo tropical, húmedo premontano bajo y húmedo premontano alto. Fueron identificados dos patrones unimodales de distribución de fustes por clases de incremento corriente anual del diámetro (ICA DAP): uno con centro en la clase de -0,2 a 0,3cm y otro con centro en la clase 0,3-0,6cm. Los valores promedios del ICA DAP en los diferentes bioclimas y sitios oscilaron entre 0,39 y 0,21cm. A pesar de tal intervalo, el ICA DAP no presentó diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre bioclimas, entre sitios ni entre períodos de monitoreo; solamente las tasas de ICA DAP entre las clases de iluminación de la copa y las clases diamétricas, presentaron diferencias significativas (P0,5cm/año) en el gradiente correspondieron a árboles emergentes, generalmente pertenecientes a clases diamétricas superiores (>30cm DAP). La iluminación de copas fue un indicador útil para explicar la diferencia de crecimiento arbóreo. Finalmente son discutidas las limitaciones y perspectivas del estudio. In order to describe and analyze the tree diameter growth in forests along an altitudinal gradient (290-1395masl) in the region of La Escalera, successive tree surveys were undertaken in 22 plots of 0.1ha located at 6 sites during variable monitoring periods from 1 to 5 years. This gradient is located in La Escalera, in the Sierra de Lema, Southeastern Venezuela, and comprises 3 bioclimates: wet tropical, wet lower premontane and moist upper premontane. Two stem distribution patterns of growth classes were identified: one with center at the class from -0.2 to 0.3cm and another with center at the class from 0.3 to 0.6cm. The average values of the current annual increment in diameter (CAI DBH) in the gradient ranged between 0.39 and 0.21cm. No significant differences were found among bioclimates, among sites, and between monitoring periods. Only the CAI DBH among crown illumination classes and diameter classes showed significant differences (P0.5cm) in the gradient corresponded to emergent trees, usually with diameter >30cm. The crown illumination is a useful indicator to explain differences of tree growth. The limitations and future trends of this study are discussed. Com o fim de descrever e analisar o crescimento diamétrico arbóreo de bosques em um gradiente altitudinal (290-1395msnm), foram realizados censos arbóreos sucessivos em 22 lotes permanentes de 0,1ha localizadas em 6 locais durante períodos variáveis de monitoração de 1 a 5 anos. Este gradiente está situado em "La Escalera en la Sierra de Lema", ao sudeste da Venezuela, e compreende os bioclimas: úmido tropical, úmido premontano baixo e úmido premontano alto. Foram identificados dois padrões unimodais de distribuição de fustes por classes de incremento corrente anual do diâmetro (ICA DAP): um com centro na classe de -0,2 a 0,3cm e outro com centro na classe 0,3-0,6cm. Os valores médios do ICA DAP nos diferentes bioclimas e lugares oscilaram entre 0,39 e 0,21cm. Apesar de tal intervalo, o ICA DAP não apresentou diferenças, estatisticamente significativas, entre bioclimas, entre lugares nem entre períodos de monitoração; somente as taxas de ICADAP entre as classes de iluminação da copa e as classes diamétricas, apresentaram diferenças significativas (P0,5cm/ano) no gradiente corresponderam a árvores emergentes, geralmente pertencentes a classes diamétricas superiores (>30cm DAP). A iluminação de copas foi um indicador útil para explicar a diferença de crescimento arbóreo. Finalmente são discutidas as limitações e perspectivas do estudo.

Published
2006

19. Hiraea tepuiensis

Author

Lionel Hernández, Lionel Hernández, Lionel Hernández, and Lionel Hernández

Abstract

Angiosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1555979%5DMICH-V-1555979, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1555979/MICH-V-1555979/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Published
1987

20. Byrsonima carraoana

Author

Lionel Hernández, Lionel Hernández, Lionel Hernández, and Lionel Hernández

Abstract

Angiosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1548579%5DMICH-V-1548579, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1548579/MICH-V-1548579/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Published
1986

21. Byrsonima carraoana

Author

Lionel Hernández, Lionel Hernández, Lionel Hernández, and Lionel Hernández

Abstract

Angiosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1548574%5DMICH-V-1548574, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1548574/MICH-V-1548574/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Published
1987

22. Tetrapterys rhodopteron

Author

Lionel Hernández, Lionel Hernández, Lionel Hernández, and Lionel Hernández

Abstract

Angiosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1546025%5DMICH-V-1546025, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1546025/MICH-V-1546025/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Published
1987

23. Banisteriopsis martiniana

Author

Lionel Hernández, Lionel Hernández, Lionel Hernández, and Lionel Hernández

Abstract

Angiosperms, http://name.umdl.umich.edu/IC-HERB00IC-X-1527770%5DMICH-V-1527770, https://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/i/image/api/thumb/herb00ic/1527770/MICH-V-1527770/!250,250, The University of Michigan Library provides access to these materials for educational and research purposes. Some materials may be protected by copyright. If you decide to use any of these materials, you are responsible for making your own legal assessment and securing any necessary permission. If you have questions about the collection, please contact the Herbarium professional staff: herb-dlps-help@umich.edu. If you have concerns about the inclusion of an item in this collection, please contact Library Information Technology: libraryit-info@umich.edu., https://www.lib.umich.edu/about-us/policies/copyright-policy

Published
1983

24. Biased-corrected richness estimates for the Amazonian tree flora

Author

Angelo Gilberto Manzatto, Corine Vriesendorp, Evlyn Márcia Moraes de Leão Novo, Ana Andrade, Agustín Rudas, Susamar Pansini, Yrma Andreina Carrero Márquez, Toby Pennington, Juliana Schietti, Geertje M. F. van der Heijden, Fernanda Coelho de Souza, Ted R. Feldpausch, Daniel Villarroel, Bonifacio Mostacedo, George Pepe Gallardo Gonzales, Linder Felipe Mozombite Pinto, Iêda Leão do Amaral, Dário Dantas do Amaral, Marcelino Carneiro Guedes, Alexandre Adalardo de Oliveira, Nicolás Castaño Arboleda, Timothy R. Baker, Domingos de Jesus Rodrigues, María Natalia Umaña, Adriano Costa Quaresma, Veridiana Vizoni Scudeller, Marcelo Brilhante de Medeiros, Lorena M. Rincón, José Renan da Silva Guimarães, Carlos Cerón, Rafael de Paiva Salomão, Jean-François Molino, Paul V. A. Fine, Ligia Estela Urrego Giraldo, Roderick Zagt, Beatriz Schwantes Marimon, Anthony Di Fiore, Cid Ferreira, Aline Lopes, José Julio de Toledo, Therany Gonzales, Milton Tirado, Luiz Carlos de Matos Bonates, Luzmila Arroyo, Hirma Ramírez-Angulo, Pascal Petronelli, Maria Aparecida Lopes, Patricio von Hildebrand, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat Cintra, Vincent A. Vos, Carolina V. Castilho, Émile Fonty, Lionel Hernández, Olaf Bánki, Rainiellene de Sá Carpanedo, Flávia R. C. Costa, Maria Cristina Peñuela Mora, Daniel Sabatier, Adeilza Felipe Sampaio, Daniela Pauletto, Karina Melgaço, Marcelo Trindade Nascimento, Juan Carlos Licona, Emanuelle de Sousa Farias, Sasha Cárdenas, Bente B. Klitgaard, William F. Laurance, Boris Villa, William E. Magnusson, Jose L. Pena, Marcelo F. Simon, Luisa Fernanda Casas, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Francisco Dallmeier, William Farfan-Rios, Hugo Mogollón, Adriana Prieto, Ires Paula de Andrade Miranda, Layon Oreste Demarchi, Maria Pires Martins, Diogenes de Andrade Lima Filho, Neidiane Farias Costa Reis, Edwin Pos, Rogério Gribel, Georgia Pickavance, Ricardo Zárate Gómez, Diego Correa, Thaiane Rodrigues de Sousa, Paul J. M. Maas, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, André Braga Junqueira, Ángela Cano, Pablo R. Stevenson, Karina Garcia-Cabrera, Jon Lloyd, Cláudia Baider, Emilio Vilanova Torre, José Leonardo Lima Magalhães, Hernán Castellanos, Jérôme Chave, Nállarett Dávila, Roosevelt García-Villacorta, Yuri Oliveira Feitosa, Thiago Sanna Freire Silva, Roel J. W. Brienen, Henrique E. M. Nascimento, Miguel Alexiades, Juan Carlos Montero, Rodrigo Sierra, José Luís Camargo, Maíra da Rocha, Alberto Vicentini, Katia Regina Casula, Freddy Ramirez Arevalo, José Lozada, Fernanda Carvalho, Percy Núñez Vargas, Tinde van Andel, John Terborgh, Charles E. Zartman, Janaina Barbosa Pedrosa Costa, Manuel Augusto Ahuite Reategui, Joice Ferreira, Juan Ernesto Guevara, Egleé L. Zent, Julien Engel, Kenneth J. Feeley, Casimiro Mendoza, Juan David Cardenas Revilla, Raquel Thomas, William Milliken, Daniel Praia Portela de Aguiar, Susan G. Laurance, Hans ter Steege, Juliana Stropp, Gonzalo Rivas-Torres, David W. Galbraith, Kenneth R. Young, Marcos Silveira, Bernardo M. Flores, Florian Wittmann, Paulo Inácio Prado, Rafael L. Assis, Kyle G. Dexter, Mariana Victória Irume, Terry W. Henkel, Marcelo Petratti Pansonato, Timothy J. Killeen, Reynaldo Linares-Palomino, Freddie Draper, Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade, Italo Mesones, Eurídice N. Honorio Coronado, Marcos Ríos Paredes, Henrik Balslev, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, Alvaro Duque, Christopher Baraloto, Yadvinder Malhi, Michelle Kalamandeen, Vitor Hugo Freitas Gomes, Miles R. Silman, Armando Torres-Lezama, David A. Neill, E. M. Jimenez, Edelcilio Marques Barbosa, Rodolfo Vasquez, Joost F. Duivenvoorden, Bruce Hoffman, Renato A. F. de Lima, Doug Daly, Dairon Cárdenas López, Eduardo Martins Venticinque, Helder Lima de Queiroz, Gabriel Damasco, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Hilda Paulette Dávila Doza, Luiz de Souza Coelho, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, Alfredo F. Fuentes, Erika Berenguer, Milena Holmgren, Carlos A. Peres, Walter Palacios Cuenca, Ademir Roberto Ruschel, Elvis H. Valderrama Sandoval, Renato R. Hilário, Janaina da Costa de Noronha, Jos Barlow, Nigel C. A. Pitman, Flávia Rodrigues Barbosa, Natalino Silva, Oliver L. Phillips, Francisca Dionízia de Almeida Matos, Marcelo de Jesus Veiga Carim, César I.A. Vela, Alfonso Alonso, J. Sebastián Tello, Ophelia Wang, José Ferreira Ramos, Gerardo A. Aymard C, Leandro Valle Ferreira, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Jochen Schöngart, Juan Fernando Phillips, Stanford Zent, Bruno Garcia Luize, Aurora Levesley, Bianca Weiss Albuquerque, Edmar Almeida de Oliveira, James A. Comiskey, Ben Hur Marimon-Junior, Institute of Environmental Biology, Section Plant Ecology and Biodiversity, Utrecht University [Utrecht], Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi [Belém, Brésil] (MPEG), Projeto TEAM-Manaus, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA), Centro de Pesquisa Agroflorestal de Roraima, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa), Ecology and Global Change, School of Geography, University of Leeds, Coordenac Bao de Pesquisas em Ecologia, Department of Biochemistry [Mainz], Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (MPIC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Division of Marine Science and Conservation, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University [Durham], Departamento de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Missouri Botanical Garden, Universidad Autonoma Gabriel René Moreno, Ecologie des forêts de Guyane (UMR ECOFOG), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Université de Guyane (UG)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana, Genetic resources and biotechnology, Chercheur indépendant, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC) (CNC), University of Coimbra [Portugal] (UC)-Neuroscience Research Domain, Sch Geog, University of Nottingham, Herbario Universitario PORT, Universidad Autonoma Gabriel René Moreno (UAGRM), Laboratoire Interfaces Sensorielles (LIS), Département Intelligence Ambiante et Systèmes Interactifs (DIASI), Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Department of Integrative Biology, Department of Integrative Biology [Berkeley] (IB), University of California [Berkeley], University of California-University of California, University of Edinburgh, Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program [Madre de Dios], Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC), Universidad Estatal Amazonica, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Center for Conservation Education and Sustainability, MRC 705, Box 37012, Washington, DC, VA 20013-7012, USA, Coordenacao Biodiversidade, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Embrapa Amapa, CREPAL - Centre de recherches sur les pays lusophones - EA 3421 (CREPAL), Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3, Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal (IBIF), Herbario Nacional del Ecuador, Iwokrama International Centre for Rainforest Conservation and Development, Department of Botany, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC), Humboldt State University (HSU), New York Botanical Garden (NYBG), Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco (UNSAAC), Royal Botanic Garden , Kew, Faculté de Pharmacie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Herbario Nacional de Bolivia, Fundacion Puerto Rastrojo, Partenaires INRAE, Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (EQUATEUR), Amazon Center for Environmental Education and Research Foundation, Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Laboratoire d'Intégration des Systèmes et des Technologies (LIST (CEA)), University of California [Berkeley] (UC Berkeley), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Naturalis Biodiversity Center [Leiden], Royal Botanic Gardens [Kew], Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ), Ecosystem and Landscape Dynamics (IBED, FNWI), Hans ter Steege, Naturalis Biodiversity Center / Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Paulo I. Prado, USP, Renato A. F. de Lima, Naturalis Biodiversity Center / USP, Edwin Pos, Utrecht University, Luiz de Souza Coelho, INPA, Diogenes de Andrade Lima Filho, INPA, Rafael P. Salomão, UFRA / MPEG, Iêda Leão Amaral, INPA, Francisca Dionízia de Almeida Matos, INPA, CAROLINA VOLKMER DE CASTILHO, CPAF-RR, Oliver L. Phillips, University of Leeds, Juan Ernesto Guevara, Universidad de las Américas / The Field Museum, Marcelo de Jesus Veiga Carim, IEPA, Dairon Cárdenas López, Instituto SINCHI, William E. Magnusson, INPA, Florian Wittmann, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology / Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Maria Pires Martins, INPA, Daniel Sabatier, AMAP, IRD, Cirad, CNRS, INRA, Université de Montpellier, Mariana Victória Irume, INPA, José Renan da Silva Guimarães, IEPA, Jean-François Molino, AMAP, IRD, Cirad, CNRS, INRA, Université de Montpellier, Olaf S. Bánki, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Maria Teresa Fernandez Piedade, INPA, Nigel C. A. Pitman, The Field Museum, José Ferreira Ramos, INPA, Abel Monteagudo Mendoza, Jardín Botánico de Missouri, Eduardo Martins Venticinque, UFRN, Bruno Garcia Luize, UNESP, Percy Núñez Vargas, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Thiago Sanna Freire Silva, University of Stirling, Evlyn Márcia Moraes de Leão Novo, INPE, Neidiane Farias Costa Reis, UFRO, John Terborgh, University of Florida / James Cook University, Angelo Gilberto Manzatto, UFRO, Katia Regina Casula, UFRO, Euridice N. Honorio Coronado, IIAP / University of Leeds, Juan Carlos Montero, INPA / Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal, Alvaro Duque, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Flávia R. C. Costa, INPA, Nicolás Castaño Arboleda, Instituto SINCHI, Jochen Schöngart, INPA, Charles Eugene Zartman, INPA, Timothy J. Killeen, Agteca-Amazonica, Beatriz S. Marimon, UNEMAT, Ben Hur Marimon-Junior, UNEMAT, Rodolfo Vasquez, Jardín Botánico de Missouri, Bonifacio Mostacedo, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, Layon O. Demarchi, INPA, Ted R. Feldpausch, University of Exeter, Julien Engel, Florida International University, Pascal Petronelli, Cirad UMR Ecofog, AgrosParisTech,CNRS,INRA,Univ Guyane, Chris Baraloto, Florida International University, Rafael L. Assis, University of Oslo, MARCELO FRAGOMENI SIMON, Cenargen, MARCELO BRILHANTE DE MEDEIROS, Cenargen, Adriano Quaresma, INPA, Susan G. W. Laurance, James Cook University, Lorena M. Rincó, INPA, Ana Andrade, INPA, Thaiane R. Sousa, INPA, José Luís Camargo, INPA, Juliana Schietti, INPA, William F. Laurance, James Cook University, Helder Lima de Queiroz, Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá, Henrique Eduardo Mendonça Nascimento, INPA, Maria Aparecida Lopes, UFPA, Emanuelle de Sousa Farias, FIOCRUZ, José Leonardo Lima Magalhães, UFPA / CPATU, Roel Brienen, University of Leeds, Gerardo A. Aymard C., UNELLEZ-Guanare, Juan David Cardenas Revilla, INPA, Ima Célia Guimarães Vieira, INPA, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat Cintra, USP, Pablo R. Stevenson, Universidad de los Andes, Yuri Oliveira Feitosa, INPA, Joost F. Duivenvoorden, University of Amsterdam, Hugo F. Mogollón, Endangered Species Coalition, Alejandro Araujo-Murakami, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Leandro Valle Ferreira, MPEG, José Rafael Lozada, Universidad de los Andes, James A. Comiskey, National Park Service / Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, José Julio de Toledo, UNIFAP, Gabriel Damasco, University of California, Nállarett Dávila, UNICAMP, Aline Lopes, UNB / INPA, Roosevelt García-Villacorta, Cornell University / Peruvian Center for Biodiversity and Conservation, Freddie Draper, Carnegie Institution for Science / Florida International University, Alberto Vicentini, INPA, Fernando Cornejo Valverde, Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program, Jon Lloyd, Imperial College London, Vitor H. F. Gomes, CESUPA / UFPA, David Neill, Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Alfonso Alonso, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Francisco Dallmeier, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Fernanda Coelho de Souza, University of Leeds / INPA, Rogerio Gribel, INPA, Luzmila Arroyo, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Fernanda Antunes Carvalho, UFMG / INPA, Daniel Praia Portela de Aguiar, INPA, Dário Dantas do Amaral, MPEG, Marcelo Petratti Pansonato, USP / INPA, Kenneth J. Feeley, University of Miami / Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Erika Berenguer, University of Oxford / Lancaster University, Paul V. A. Fine, University of California, MARCELINO CARNEIRO GUEDES, CPAF-AP, Jos Barlow, Lancaster University, JOICE NUNES FERREIRA, CPATU, Boris Villa, Direccíon de Evaluación Forestal y de Fauna Silvestre, Maria Cristina Peñuela Mora, Universidad Regional Amazónica IKIAM, Eliana M. Jimenez, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Juan Carlos Montero, INPA, Carlos Cerón, Universidad Central, Ecuador, Raquel Thomas, Iwokrama International Centre for Rain Forest Conservation and Development, Paul Maas, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Marcos Silveira, UFAC, Terry W. Henkel, Humboldt State University, Juliana Stropp, UFAL, Marcos Ríos Paredes, Servicios de Biodiversidad EIRL, Kyle G. Dexter, University of Edinburgh / Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Doug Daly, New York Botanical Garden, Tim R. Baker, University of Leeds, Isau Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, William Milliken, Royal Botanic Gardens, Toby Pennington, University of Exeter / Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, J. Sebastián Tello, Missouri Botanical Garden, José Luis Marcelo Pena, Universidad Nacional de Jaén, Carlos A. Peres, University of East Anglia, Bente Klitgaard, Royal Botanic Gardens, Alfredo Fuentes, Missouri Botanical Garden / Universitario UMSA, Miles R. Silman, Wake Forest University, Anthony Di Fiore, University of Texas at Austin, Patricio von Hildebrand, Fundación Estación de Biología, Jerome Chave, CNRS and Université Paul Sabatier, Tinde R. van Andel, Wageningen University / Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Renato Richard Hilário, UNIFAP, Juan Fernando Phillips, Fundación Puerto Rastrojo, Gonzalo Rivas-Torres, Universidad San Francisco de Quito / University of Florida, Janaína Costa Noronha, UFMT, Adriana Prieto, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Therany Gonzales, ACEER Foundation, Rainiellene de Sá Carpanedo, UFMT, George Pepe Gallardo Gonzales, Servicios de Biodiversidad EIRL, Ricardo Zárate Gómez, IIAP, Domingos de Jesus Rodrigues, UFMT, Egleé L. Zent, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas - IVIC, ADEMIR ROBERTO RUSCHEL, CPATU, Vincent Antoine Vos, Universidad Autónoma del Beni José Ballivián, Émile Fonty, Direction régionale de la Guyane, ONF / AMAP, IRD, Cirad, CNRS, INRA, Université de Montpellier, André Braga Junqueira, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Hilda Paulette Dávila Doza, Servicios de Biodiversidad EIRL, Bruce Hoffman, Amazon Conservation Team, Stanford Zent, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas - IVIC, Edelcilio Marques Barbosa, INPA, Yadvinder Malhi, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, Luiz Carlos de Matos Bonates, INPA, Ires Paula de Andrade Miranda, INPA, Natalino Silva, UFRA, Flávia Rodrigues Barbosa, UFMT, César I. A. Vela, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Linder Felipe Mozombite Pinto, Servicios de Biodiversidad EIRL, Agustín Rudas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bianca Weiss Albuquerque, INPA, Maria Natalia Umaña, University of Michigan, Yrma Andreina Carrero Márquez, Universidad de los Andes, Geertje van der Heijden, University of Nottingham, University Park, Kenneth R. Young, University of Texas at Austin, Milton Tirado, GeoIS, Diego F. Correa, University of Queensland / Universidad de los Andes, Rodrigo Sierra, GeoIS, Janaina Barbosa Pedrosa Costa, COLABORADORA CPAF-AP, Maria Rocha, INPA, Emilio Vilanova Torre, Universidad de los Andes / University of Washington, Ophelia Wang, Northern Arizona University, Alexandre A. Oliveira, USP, Michelle Kalamandeen, University of Leeds / Laurentian University, Corine Vriesendorp, The Field Museum, Hirma Ramirez-Angulo, Universidad de los Andes, Milena Holmgren, Wageningen University & Research, Marcelo Trindade Nascimento, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, David Galbraith, University of Leeds, Bernardo Monteiro Flores, UNICAMP, Veridiana Vizoni Scudeller, UFAM, Angela Cano, Cambridge University Botanic Garden / Universidad de los Andes, Manuel Augusto Ahuite Reategui, Medio Ambiente, PLUSPRETOL, Italo Mesones, University of California, Cláudia Baider, USP / The Mauritius Herbarium, Agricultural Services, Ministry of Agro-Industry and Food Security, Casimiro Mendoza, Universidad Mayor de San Simon / FOMABO, Manejo Forestal en las Tierras Tropicales de Bolivia, Roderick Zagt, Tropenbos International, Ligia Estela Urrego Giraldo, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Cid Ferreira, INPA, Daniel Villarroel, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno, Reynaldo Linares-Palomino, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, William Farfan-Rios, Missouri Botanical Garden / Washington University in Saint Louis, WILLIAM FARFAN-RIOS, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Luisa Fernanda Casas, Universidad de los Andes, Sasha Cárdenas, Universidad de los Andes, Henrik Balslev, Aarhus University, Armando Torres-Lezama, Universidad de los Andes, Miguel N. Alexiades, University of Kent, Karina Garcia-Cabrera, Wake Forest University, Luis Valenzuela Gamarra, Jardín Botánico de Missouri, Elvis H. Valderrama Sandoval, University of Missouri / Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana, Freddy Ramirez Arevalo, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana, Lionel Hernandez, Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana, Adeilza Felipe Sampaio, UFRO, Susamar Pansini, UFRO, Walter Palacios Cuenca, Herbario Nacional del Ecuador, Universidad Técnica del Norte, Edmar Almeida de Oliveira, UNEMAT, Daniela Pauletto, UFOPA, Aurora Levesley, University of Leeds, Karina Melgaço, University of Leeds, Georgia Pickavance, University of Leeds., University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development, Ter Steege, Hans [0000-0002-8738-2659], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, ter Steege, Hans [0000-0002-8738-2659], Systems Ecology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Utrecht University, Petrópolis, s/n, C.P. 399, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), Woodhouse Lane, Universidad de las Américas, The Field Museum, Km 10, Calle 20 No 5-44, Josefstr.1, Hahn-Meitner Weg 1, Université de Montpellier, Oxapampa, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Nro 733, University of Stirling, Jardim da Granja, Universidade Federal de Rondônia, University of Florida, James Cook University, Unir, Av. A. Quiñones km 2,5, Casilla 6204, Calle 64 x Cra 65, Agteca-Amazonica, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, University of Exeter, OE 243, AgrosParisTech,CNRS,INRA,Univ Guyane, Postboks 1172, Puerto Ordaz, Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Adrianópolis, 4365 – Manguinhos, UNELLEZ-Guanare, Carrera 1 # 18a- 10, Sciencepark 904, Endangered Species Coalition, Avenida Irala 565 Casilla Post al 2489, Via Chorros de Milla, National Park Service, Suite 3123, Rod. Juscelino Kubitschek km2, University of California, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), University of Brasilia, Cornell University, Peruvian Center for Biodiversity and Conservation (PCBC), Carnegie Institution for Science, Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program, South Kensington Campus, Centro Universitário do Pará, Km. 2 1/2 vía a Tena (Paso Lateral), Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), University of Miami, Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, University of Oxford, Av. Javier Praod Oeste 693, Km 7 via Muyuna, Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Amazonia, Ap. Postal 17.01.2177, Iwokrama International Centre for Rain Forest Conservation and Development, Universidade Federal do Acre, Humboldt State University, Tabuleiro do Martins, Jr. Independencia 405, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Bronx, Kew, Carretera Jaén San Ignacio Km 23, University of East Anglia, Richmond, Casilla 10077 Correo Central, Wake Forest University, 2201 Speedway Stop C3200, Cra 10 No. 24-76 Oficina 1201, UMR 5174 EDB, Wageningen University, Universidad San Francisco de Quito-USFQ, 110 Newins-Ziegler Hall, Setor Industrial, Apartado 7945, Jirón Cusco N° 370, Ado 20632, Av. Ejercito, ONF, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Doekhieweg Oost #24, Dyson Perrins Building, Av. Presidente Tancredo Neves 2501, Jirón San Martín 451, University of Michigan, CLA building, 3° Piso, The University of Queensland, Conjunto Forestal, University of Washington, Northern Arizona University, Laurentian University, building number 100, Av. Alberto Lamego 2000, Av General Rodrigo Octavio 6200, 1 Brookside, Ministry of Agro-Industry and Food Security, Universidad Mayor de San Simon (UMSS), Manejo Forestal en las Tierras Tropicales de Bolivia, Lawickse Allee 11 PO Box 232, Washington University in Saint Louis, Aarhus C, Canterbury, University of Missouri, Pevas 5ta cdra, Universidad Técnica del Norte, and Rua Vera Paz

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Aquatic Ecology and Water Quality Management, Geography & travel, Amazonian, lcsh:Medicine, Forests, [SDV.BID.SPT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Systematics, Phylogenetics and taxonomy, 01 natural sciences, Trees, Floresta Tropical, Forest plot, lcsh:Science, ddc:910, SDG 15 - Life on Land, averaging, Multidisciplinary, Amazon rainforest, Estimator, Biodiversity, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, Classification, Biosystematiek, Geography, Flora, Population Abundance, 631/158/853, Taxonomy (biology), Theoretical ecology, Tree species, Brazil, Adult, Ecologia Florestal, 010603 evolutionary biology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.EE.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Ecosystems, Amazonia, Rivers, Amazonian forest, G1, Life Science, Forest, Community ecology, Espécie, Relative abundance distribution, lcsh:R, G Geography (General), DAS, Árvore, Aquatische Ecologie en Waterkwaliteitsbeheer, 631/158/2451, 030104 developmental biology, Biosystematics, lcsh:Q, Physical geography, Species richness, EPS, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T01:28:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-12-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Amazonian forests are extraordinarily diverse, but the estimated species richness is very much debated. Here, we apply an ensemble of parametric estimators and a novel technique that includes conspecific spatial aggregation to an extended database of forest plots with up-to-date taxonomy. We show that the species abundance distribution of Amazonia is best approximated by a logseries with aggregated individuals, where aggregation increases with rarity. By averaging several methods to estimate total richness, we confirm that over 15,000 tree species are expected to occur in Amazonia. We also show that using ten times the number of plots would result in an increase to just ~50% of those 15,000 estimated species. To get a more complete sample of all tree species, rigorous field campaigns may be needed but the number of trees in Amazonia will remain an estimate for years to come. Naturalis Biodiversity Center, PO Box 9517 Systems Ecology Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1087 Instituto de Biociências - Dept. Ecologia Universidade de Sao Paulo - USP Rua do Matão Trav. 14 no. 321 Cidade Universitária Ecology & Biodiversity Group Utrecht University, Padualaan 8 Coordenação de Biodiversidade Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA Av. André Araújo 2936 Petrópolis Programa Professor Visitante Nacional Sênior na Amazônia - CAPES Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia Av. Perimetral s/n Coordenação de Botânica Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi Av. Magalhães Barata 376 C.P. 399 EMBRAPA – Centro de Pesquisa Agroflorestal de Roraima BR 174 km 8 – Distrito Industrial School of Geography University of Leeds Woodhouse Lane Grupo de Investigación en Biodiversidad Medio Ambiente y Salud-BIOMAS Universidad de las Américas Campus Queri Keller Science Action Center The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive Departamento de Botânica Instituto de Pesquisas Científicas e Tecnológicas do Amapá - IEPA Rodovia JK Km 10 Campus do IEPA da Fazendinha Herbario Amazónico Colombiano Instituto SINCHI Calle 20 No 5-44 Coordenação de Pesquisas em Ecologia Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA Av. André Araújo 2936 Petrópolis Dep. of Wetland Ecology Institute of Geography and Geoecology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology - KIT Josefstr.1 Biogeochemistry Max Planck Institute for Chemistry Hahn-Meitner Weg 1 AMAP IRD Cirad CNRS INRA Université de Montpellier Coordenação de Dinâmica Ambiental Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA Av. André Araújo 2936 Petrópolis Science and Education The Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive Jardín Botánico de Missouri Oxapampa Centro de Biociências Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Av. Senador Salgado Filho 3000 Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP – Instituto de Biociências – IB Av. 24 A 1515 Bela Vista Herbario Vargas Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco Avenida de la Cultura Nro 733 Biological and Environmental Sciences University of Stirling Divisao de Sensoriamento Remoto – DSR Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais – INPE Av. dos Astronautas 1758 Jardim da Granja Programa de Pós- Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia PPG- Bionorte Universidade Federal de Rondônia Campus Porto Velho Km 9,5 bairro Rural Department of Biology and Florida Museum of Natural History University of Florida Centre for Tropical Environmental and Sustainability Science and College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Departamento de Biologia Universidade Federal de Rondônia Rodovia BR 364 s/n Km 9,5 - Sentido Acre Unir Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP) Av. A. Quiñones km 2,5 Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal Av. 6 de agosto #28 Km. 14 Doble via La Guardia Casilla 6204 Departamento de Ciencias Forestales Universidad Nacional de Colombia Calle 64 x Cra 65 Agteca-Amazonica Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno Geography College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Exeter International Center for Tropical Botany (ICTB) Department of Biological Sciences Florida International University 11200 SW 8th Street OE 243 Cirad UMR Ecofog AgrosParisTech,CNRS,INRA,Univ Guyane Campus agronomique Natural History Museum University of Oslo Postboks 1172 Centro de Investigaciones Ecológicas de Guayana Universidad Nacional Experimental de Guayana Calle Chile urbaniz Chilemex Puerto Ordaz Prédio da Botânica e Ecologia Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia Parque Estação Biológica Av. W5 Norte Projeto Dinâmica Biológica de Fragmentos Florestais Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA Av. André Araújo 2936 Petrópolis Diretoria Técnico-Científica Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá Estrada do Bexiga 2584 Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal do Pará Av. Augusto Corrêa 01 Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis da Amazônia (EDTA) Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane Fiocruz Rua Terezina 476 Adrianópolis Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade e Saúde Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - IOC/FIOCRUZ Pav. Arthur Neiva – Térreo Av. Brasil 4365 – Manguinhos Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Universidade Federal do Pará Av. Augusto Corrêa 01 Embrapa Amazônia Oriental Trav. Dr. Enéas Pinheiro s/n° Programa de Ciencias del Agro y el Mar Herbario Universitario (PORT) UNELLEZ-Guanare Instituto de Biociências - Dept. Botanica Universidade de Sao Paulo - USP Rua do Matão 277 Cidade Universitária Laboratorio de Ecología de Bosques Tropicales y Primatología Universidad de los Andes Carrera 1 # 18a- 10 Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia (Botânica) Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA Av. André Araújo 2936 Petrópolis Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics University of Amsterdam Sciencepark 904 Endangered Species Coalition, 8530 Geren Rd. Museo de Historia Natural Noel Kempff Mercado Universidad Autónoma Gabriel Rene Moreno Avenida Irala 565 Casilla Post al 2489 Facultad de Ciencias Forestales y Ambientales Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal Universidad de los Andes Via Chorros de Milla Inventory and Monitoring Program National Park Service, 120 Chatham Lane Center for Conservation and Sustainability Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute 1100 Jefferson Dr. SW Suite 3123 Universidade Federal do Amapá Ciências Ambientais Rod. Juscelino Kubitschek km2 Department of Integrative Biology University of California Biologia Vegetal Universidade Estadual de Campinas Caixa Postal 6109 Department of Ecology University of Brasilia Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Cornell University, Corson Hall, 215 Tower Road Peruvian Center for Biodiversity and Conservation (PCBC) Department of Global Ecology Carnegie Institution for Science, 260 Panama St. Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program Faculty of Natural Sciences Department of Life Sciences Imperial College London Silwood Park South Kensington Campus Escola de Negócios Tecnologia e Inovação Centro Universitário do Pará Universidade Federal do Pará Rua Augusto Corrêa 01 Ecosistemas Biodiversidad y Conservación de Especies Universidad Estatal Amazónica Km. 2 1/2 vía a Tena (Paso Lateral) Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Departamento de Genética Ecologia e Evolução Av. Antônio Carlos 6627 Pampulha Department of Biology University of Miami Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Environmental Change Institute University of Oxford Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster University Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária Embrapa Amapá Rod. Juscelino Kubitschek km 5 Direccíon de Evaluación Forestal y de Fauna Silvestre Av. Javier Praod Oeste 693 Universidad Regional Amazónica IKIAM Km 7 via Muyuna Grupo de Ecología y Conservación de Fauna y Flora Silvestre Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Imani Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Amazonia Escuela de Biología Herbario Alfredo Paredes Universidad Central Ap. Postal 17.01.2177 Iwokrama International Centre for Rain Forest Conservation and Development Museu Universitário/Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Natureza/Laboratório de Botânica e Ecologia Vegetal Universidade Federal do Acre Department of Biological Sciences Humboldt State University, 1 Harpst Street Institute of Biological and Health Sciences Federal University of Alagoas Av. Lourival Melo Mota s/n Tabuleiro do Martins Servicios de Biodiversidad EIRL Jr. Independencia 405 School of Geosciences University of Edinburgh, 201 Crew Building, King’s Buildings Tropical Diversity Section Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, 20a Inverleith Row New York Botanical Garden 2900 Southern Blvd Bronx Natural Capital and Plant Health Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Center for Conservation and Sustainable Development Missouri Botanical Garden, P.O. Box 299 Universidad Nacional de Jaén Carretera Jaén San Ignacio Km 23 School of Environmental Sciences University of East Anglia Department for Identification & Naming Royal Botanic Gardens Kew Richmond Herbario Nacional de Bolivia Universitario UMSA Casilla 10077 Correo Central Biology Department and Center for Energy Environment and Sustainability Wake Forest University, 1834 Wake Forest Rd Department of Anthropology University of Texas at Austin SAC 5.150 2201 Speedway Stop C3200 Fundación Estación de Biología Cra 10 No. 24-76 Oficina 1201 Laboratoire Evolution et Diversité Biologique CNRS and Université Paul Sabatier UMR 5174 EDB Biosystematics group Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1 Fundación Puerto Rastrojo Cra 10 No. 24-76 Oficina 1201 Colegio de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales-COCIBA & Galapagos Institute for the Arts and Sciences-GAIAS Universidad San Francisco de Quito-USFQ Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation University of Florida 110 Newins-Ziegler Hall ICNHS Federal University of Mato Grosso Av. Alexandre Ferronato 1200 Setor Industrial Instituto de Ciencias Naturales Universidad Nacional de Colombia Apartado 7945 ACEER Foundation Jirón Cusco N° 370 PROTERRA Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP) Av. A. Quiñones km 2,5 Laboratory of Human Ecology Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas - IVIC Ado 20632 Universidad Autónoma del Beni José Ballivián Campus Universitario Final Av. Ejercito Direction régionale de la Guyane ONF Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Amazon Conservation Team Doekhieweg Oost #24 Environmental Change Institute Oxford University Centre for the Environment Dyson Perrins Building, South Parks Road Instituto de Ciência Agrárias Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia Av. Presidente Tancredo Neves 2501 Escuela Profesional de Ingeniería Forestal Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco Jirón San Martín 451 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Michigan University of Nottingham Geography and the Environment University of Texas at Austin 305 E. 23rd Street CLA building GeoIS El Día 369 y El Telégrafo 3° Piso School of Agriculture and Food Sciences - ARC Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions CEED The University of Queensland Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo Forestal (INDEFOR) Universidad de los Andes Conjunto Forestal School of Environmental and Forest Sciences University of Washington Environmental Science and Policy Northern Arizona University Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Road Resource Ecology Group Wageningen University & Research Droevendaalsesteeg 3a Lumen building number 100 Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Av. Alberto Lamego 2000 University of Campinas Plant Biology Department Rua Monteiro Lobato 255 Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz Barão Geraldo Campinas Departamento de Biologia Universidade Federal do Amazonas - UFAM – Instituto de Ciências Biológicas – ICB1 Av General Rodrigo Octavio 6200 Cambridge University Botanic Garden 1 Brookside Medio Ambiente PLUSPRETOL The Mauritius Herbarium Agricultural Services Ministry of Agro-Industry and Food Security Escuela de Ciencias Forestales (ESFOR) Universidad Mayor de San Simon (UMSS) FOMABO Manejo Forestal en las Tierras Tropicales de Bolivia Tropenbos International Lawickse Allee 11 PO Box 232 Living Earth Collaborative Washington University in Saint Louis Department of Bioscience Aarhus University Building 1540 Ny Munkegade Aarhus C School of Anthropology and Conservation University of Kent Marlowe Building Canterbury Department of Biology University of Missouri Facultad de Biologia Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana Pevas 5ta cdra Herbario Nacional del Ecuador Universidad Técnica del Norte Instituto de Biodiversidade e Floresta Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará Rua Vera Paz Campus Tapajós Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Estadual Paulista - UNESP – Instituto de Biociências – IB Av. 24 A 1515 Bela Vista

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