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Copyright of European Journal of Language Policy is the property of Liverpool University Press / Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Une méthodologie textométrique pour différencier quatre genres textuels est utilisée dans la recherche : les discours de presse, les discours encyclopédiques, les discours présidentiels et des écrits d’étudiants universitaires. Ces divergences ou ressemblances sont étudiées à l’aide de marqueurs subjectifs, traces de la locutrice dans son discours : les pronoms personnels de première personne et certains verbes subjectifs (verbes modaux et verbes d’attitude propositionnelle). L’étude de représentativité de ces formes dans des genres différents permet de montrer que des discours à visée informative sont plus imperméables aux marques de la locutrice que des discours à visée argumentative. Cette méthodologie, ainsi que les résultats obtenus, permettent une application didactique en classe de français langue étrangère développée dans la dernière section à l’aide de plusieurs propositions d’exercices.

Copyright of Romanica Olomucensia is the property of Palacky University in Olomouc and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Verbum Analecta Neolatina is the property of Pazmany Peter Catholic University (Faculty of Humanities & Social Sciences) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The research aims to show the ways to benefit from corpus linguistics in the field of pragmatics, it investigates an important question: What are the possibilities to investing corpus linguistics in conducting pragmatic analysis of Arabic literary texts? "TARAFA ibn al-Abd poetry" was taken as a model for the practical applications Accordingly, the research findings emphasized the necessity of construction of various Arabic, be it literary or others, and investing computer resources to facilitate the research and the analysis in the pragmatic field particularly and in various fields of linguistic research and literary analysis in general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Philologica Canariensia is the property of Philologica Canariensia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pragmalingüística is the property of Facultad de Filosofia y Letras, Universidad de Cadiz and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pragmalingüística is the property of Facultad de Filosofia y Letras, Universidad de Cadiz and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Synergies Espagne is the property of GERFLINT (Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherches pour le Francais Langue Internationale) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La linguistique de corpus est directement liée au TAL (traitement automatique du langage). Dans le présent article, nous allons dans un premier temps, nous intéresser aux fondements de la linguistique de corpus en tant que discipline, et dans un second temps, nous nous intéresserons à la traduction automatique comme outil de TAL. Nous prendrons comme exemple Google Traduction (GT). Nous nous pencherons sur ses atouts et ses limites, aussi exploiterons-nous les données d’une enquête sur GT afin de mettre en exergue les subtilités du processus de traduction. Un questionnaire a été distribué à un échantillon de 21 enseignants universitaires algériens ayant déjà publié un article. Le corpus récolté a fait l’objet d’une double analyse: d’abord quantitative, ensuite qualitative. Un deuxième corpus constitué de phrases traduites de l’anglais au français, prises de 10 résumés d’articles publiés en ligne, a été analysé pour mettre à l’épreuve GT. Cette étude se fixe comme objectif de mettre en lumière la linguistique de corpus en tant que discipline empirique, ainsi que d'explorer le domaine du TAL pour aboutir à l'étude d'un cas, celui de la traduction automatique à travers Google Traduction.

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Romanische Philologie is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The extent to which the diacritic layer (taškīl) of the Arabic writing system is employed in modern typeset text differs considerably between genres and individual texts, with many in-between forms not aptly captured by the traditional binary categories of "vowelled" and "unvowelled" text. This article is the first to present a theoretical account of this variation applicable to modern typeset Standard Arabic. It is suggested that diacritics serve three basic functions: facilitation of reading comprehension; facilitation of prescriptively correct diction; and to evoke associations with other texts. Six modes of diacritization in modern typeset text are identified and related to data on rates of diacritization from a corpus of electronically published books. Further lines of research based on this framework are suggested. Résumé: La façon dans laquelle la vocalisation (taškīl) du système d'écriture arabe est utilisée dans les textes modernes diffère sensiblement entre les genres et les textes, avec de nombreuses formes intermédiaires qui ne sont pas adéquatement décrites par les catégories traditionnelles binaires de texte « vocalisé » et « non vocalisé ». Cet article est le premier à présenter un cadre théorique de cette variation qui soit applicable à l'arabe standard moderne. Il suggère que les signes diacritiques (au sens large, incluant aussi le taškīl) remplissent trois fonctions de base : faciliter la compréhension de la lecture, faciliter une diction formellement correcte et évoquer des associations avec d'autres textes. Six modes de diacritisation dans les textes modernes sont identifiés et mis en relation avec des données sur les taux de diacritisation provenant d'un corpus de livres publiés électroniquement. Il introduit enfin d'autres pistes de recherche s'appuyant sur ce cadre. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of technology, in particular, innovations in natural language processing and means to explore big data, has influenced different aspects in the training of translators and interpreters. This paper investigates how learner corpora and their research contribute to the teaching and learning of translation and interpreting. It starts with a review of the evolvement of learner corpora in translator and interpreter training. Drawing on data from the Chinese/English Translation and Interpreting Learner Corpus (CETILC), a learner corpus developed for the study of lexical cohesion, the paper introduces three case studies to illustrate the possibilities of exploring learner data through human annotation, machine-facilitated human annotation, and finally human-supervised/edited machine annotation. The findings of the case studies suggest the complexity of learner language and its intricate relationships with various factors concerning the learner, text, and task. The paper ends with a discussion of the great potentials of purposely made learner corpora such as the CETILC in translator and interpreter training, as well as the application of learner corpora in (semi-) automatic processing of learner texts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Machine translation (MT) is used to obtain annotated corpus of English corpus which can be applicable to different natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Considering that there are more resources or data sets for training NLP models in English language, this paper explores the application of MT to automate NLP tasks in Spanish. Thus, the article describes a dataset for the extraction of generic relations (reACE) and the construction of a semantic extraction model of relations in Spanish (ER), based on the set of samples translated from English to Spanish. The results show that for the MT task it is necessary to implement a corpus pre-editing process in English to avoid translation and post-editing errors and maintain the original corpus annotations. The ER models in Spanish achieve measures of accuracy, completeness, and F-value comparable to those obtained by the model in the English language, which suggests that machine translation is a useful tool to perform NLP tasks in the Spanish language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hermeneus is the property of Revista Hermeneus and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Pragmalingüística is the property of Facultad de Filosofia y Letras, Universidad de Cadiz and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Le présent article veut explorer des pistes pour l’enseignement/apprentissage des locutions à verbe support en classe de FLE pour les apprenants débutants (niveaux A1 et A2). Partant du constat de leur représentation lacunaire dans les manuels et les référentiels, nous procédons, par le recours aux outils de la linguistique de corpus, à une sélection des locutions à présenter en rapport avec les champs d’actions des référentiels pour ces niveaux (critères de fréquence et d’affinité) afin de mieux répondre aux besoins des apprenants. Nous décrivons ensuite leur utilisation dans des textes écrits, notamment en termes de complémentation et de modification. Enfin, nous proposons des activités didactiques adaptées aux compétences des apprenants, basées sur une démarche inductive liée à l’utilisation de corpus (data-driven learning).

La peur est une émotion qui a depuis toujours fait partie du panorama politique, social et culturel de toute culture. Les proverbes, quant à eux, ne font que recenser et pérenniser les peurs de l’homme. Cette étude se penchera sur les proverbes italiens et français concernant la peur. Afin de mener à bien cette recherche, les données repérées dans des ressources papier (dictionnaires de proverbes) et dans de grands corpus synchroniques comparables italien (itWaC) et français (frWaC) ont été combinées et comparées. De fait, le présent travail tend à mettre en évidence une méthodologie de recherche reposant sur l’approche dite corpus-driven. Pour ce faire, les proverbes sur la peur seront repérés de manière semi-automatique dans les corpus linguistiques mentionnés ci-dessus à l’aide de marqueurs de proverbe. En outre, des problématiques spécifiques telles que la recherche des proverbes dans les dictionnaires papier, le fonctionnement sémantique des proverbes eux-mêmes ou le repérage d’équivalents interlinguistiques de proverbes seront affrontés de manière approfondie

Copyright of Signata is the property of Presses Universitaires de Liege and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Signata is the property of Presses Universitaires de Liege and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Synergies Pays Germanophones is the property of GERFLINT (Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherches pour le Francais Langue Internationale) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos de Investigación Filológica is the property of Universidad de la Rioja, Servicio de Publicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

For this research study we identified lexical units from a comparable corpus of approximately three million words in English, Spanish and French, taken web pages for private lodgings and accommodations. This corpus has lexical units related to hotel accommodations, services, facilities and management; these units constitute the entries of the Multilingual Dictionary of Tourism. In this article, we will focus our study on the lexical field of hotel management in French of the dictionary: simple and compound nouns. After, we’ll analyse some differences between the two languages and the solution taken for finding specific equivalents of chosen units in English. Pour cette recherche nous avons répertorié des unités lexicales issues d’un corpus comparable d’environ trois millions de mots en anglais, espagnol et français obtenu de sites web privés d’hébergements touristiques. Celui-ci contient des unités concernant l’héberge¬ment, les installations et les services ainsi que la gestion hôtelière et elles conforment les entrées du Dictionnaire Plurilingue de Tourisme. Dans cet article nous étudierons le lexique de la gestion hôtelière du dictionnaire en français: unités simples et composées. Ensuite, nous analyserons quelques dif-férences entre le français et l’anglais ainsi que des solutions adoptées pour trouver des équivalents des unités retenues.

Comparative analysis of political discourses in Canada and Quebec using four corpora: the throne speeches (Canada) and the inaugural speeches (Quebec), from 1867 to the present day, and the occasional speeches made by prime ministers outside of the house of representatives. After a reminder of the standards for the constitution of the corpora, the comparison concerns stylistic and lexicometric indices. A new method is presented in order to study the lexical characteristics within two corpora of nearly the same lengths. The differences between Canada and Quebec reflect the division of powers between the federal and provincial levels, but also different conceptions of power, political action, and relations to citizens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of European Journal of Applied Linguistics is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Francoprovençal has generally been viewed as an oral dialect group with a highly varied character (due to the mountainous regions of the Alps, the Jura and the Massif Central), and with no elaborated written textual tradition. The virtual absence of such a tradition may indeed be observed for the modern period (i.e. the second half of the second millennium). However, this is not the case for the medieval period, during which Francoprovençal underwent a process of elaboration similar to that of the neighbouring Romance languages, at first fragmentary and embedded in Latin. From these beginnings emerged a pure Romance scripta which remained in existence until the end of the 15th century, when it was replaced by French. This process remained incomplete, characterised by the continuous copresence of either Latin or French and essentially limited to legal and administrative documents. Nonetheless, the first half of the second millennium yields a complex written vernacular which displays both diatopic and diachronic variation, and which has never before undergone systematic analysis. The present contribution is based on a corpus of medieval documents from the Francoprovençal regions of France and Switzerland (approx. 700.000 words), digitised as part of the project Documents linguistiques galloromans and presented for the first time here. Taking one of the most salient and frequent phenomena as an example – the outcome of lat. /a/ in tonic free syllables (ˈpratu> Frpr. pra vs Fr. pré) – the authors assess the nature and extent of the presence of Francoprovençal in medieval scripturality, examining a total of 60.000 occurrences. The results thus obtained allow an interpretation of the historical development of Francoprovençal on the basis of entirely new evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Digital Studies / Champ Numérique is the property of Open Library of Humanities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Persuasion is the dominant function of tourist promotional texts and is fostered through the use of certain lexical devices such as verbs of perception, which engage readers and arouse in them pleasant feelings. This paper aims to compare verbs of perception in English and Spanish through the exploitation of a bilingual comparable corpus of five British and five Spanish institutional websites. In particular, the analysis conducted seeks to (1) determine which language expresses more perceptions through verbal forms, (2) analyse to what extent each language uses verbs of sensory and intellectual perception, and (3) identify equivalent verbs in both corpora. In general terms, the results show that the English corpus includes a higher frequency of verbs of perception, cognitive verbs prevail over sensory ones in both corpora, and there exist equivalent verbs which are more used in one language than in the other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Travail Humain is the property of Presses Universitaires de France and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)