Search

This research develops a method for synthesizing linguistic models of fuzzy systems with fuzzy input and output parameters that are described by linguistic variables. Based on the proposed method, linguistic models of the Title 1000 catalytic cracking unit for heavy residues at the Shymkent oil refinery are developed, describing the dependence of the volume and quality of gasoline on the input and operating parameters of the facility, which are fuzzy. It is substantiated that the use of a fuzzy approach, which allows the use of the experience, knowledge, and intuition (intelligence) of the decision maker and subject matter experts, is the most suitable effective method for synthesizing models of complex, fuzzily described objects and processes for comparison with other methods. The main idea of the proposed work is to solve the problems of shortage and fuzziness of initial information when developing models and optimizing the operating modes of a catalytic cracking unit through the use of knowledge, experience, and intuition of experts in this field. To solve the problems of the shortage of initial quantitative information and the fuzziness of available information when developing mathematical models, it is proposed to systematically use statistical methods, expert assessment methods, and a heuristic method based on fuzzy logic. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the development of a method for synthesizing linguistic models in a fuzzy environment and an algorithm for its implementation, which makes it possible to describe the dependence of the fuzzy values of the object's output parameters on its fuzzy input and operating parameters. The proposed approach allows the formalization and synthesis of models of fuzzily described objects when other methods of model development are not applicable or do not give the expected results. The results of the work were simulated in the MATLAB Fuzzy Logic Toolbox. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Language & Law / Revista de Llengua i Dret is the property of Revista de Llengua i Dret and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The presented article is devoted to the study of the features of representation of situational models on the example of small-format English-language texts. The purpose of this article is to identify situational models and analyze the features of language means of their representation of situational models. During the study, the following methods were used: description, contextual analysis, content analysis, discourse analysis. The article examined situational models using the S-P-E-A-K-I-N-G model proposed by D. Hymes, in which such situation components as Act Sequence, Instrumentalities, Participants, Key were identified. In the process of representing the cognitive model of the situation, Act Sequence comes to the fore, which is explained by the author's desire to show the dynamics of the development of the event. In small format texts, with the help of linguistic means, components such as Instrumentalities and Participants are distinguished, which are of particular importance for creating an emotional background for the situation. During the analysis, the following participants in the episodes were identified: family, parents, kids, landlady. The study showed that the identified cognitive models of situations, represented in the English-language educational discourse, arouse great interest among students, which, in turn, arouses interest in the language means of their representation and, as a result, interest in the language and culture of English-speaking countries.

The paper deals with N2’s N1/N1 of N2/N2N1 alternation. It seeks to evaluate the validity of Adamczewski’s model, which proposes that the difference lies in the degree of ‘fusion’ between the referents of N1 and N2.An analysis of occurrences taken from the TLD corpus shows that Adamczewsi’s theory fails to account for the alternation and that, more generally, it exhibits the main invalidating features of a dysfunctional model: lack of universality, epistemic circularity, irrefutability and lack of predictive power. An alternative explanation of the alternation under study is put forward. It rejects the existence of a semantic invariant, and proposes that it is the function of N2 – either determinative or modifying – that triggers the speaker’s preference for one structure over the other two. It also ventures the hypothesis that compounds are gaining ground over genitive NPs, a process in line with the diachronic evolution that has gradually turned English into an analytic language.

Technological objects and processes are often characterized by fuzzy initial information necessary for developing their models and optimization. The purpose of the study is to develop a method for synthesizing linguistic models of fuzzy described objects and a heuristic method for solving the multicriteria optimization problem in a fuzzy environment. Based on the expert assessments and logical rules of conditional inference, a method for synthesizing linguistic models was developed for describing processes with fuzzy input and output parameters. To solve the problem of multicriteria optimization, a heuristic method based on the modification and combination of various optimality principles is proposed. Coking reactor models were developed by modifying the successive regression inclusion method and the least squares method. Linguistic models of the delayed coking process were developed in the Fuzzy Logic Toolbox, allowing to evaluate the coke quality depending on the temperature and pressure of coking reactors. Using the proposed heuristic method, the problem of two-criteria optimization of the delayed coking process with fuzzy constraints is solved. The results confirm the advantages of the proposed fuzzy approach compared with the well-known approaches. Unlike them, the proposed method allows making adequate decisions in a fuzzy environment by maximizing the use of available fuzzy information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article contains the results of statistical analysis of the representation of discourse markers, characterized by the prominent cognitive potential, in the language system, as well as their significance in different types of discourse. The research was conducted using the author’s methodology of automated text processing.

Copyright of Journal of Language & Law / Revista de Llengua i Dret is the property of Revista de Llengua i Dret and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The goal of a biometric system is to recognize individuals based on their unique physiological or behavioral traits. Online Social Networking (OSN) platforms have become an integral part of the daily life of individuals, where they leave a recognizable trail of behavioral information. Social Behavioral Biometric (SBB), being an emerging trend, focuses on such trails to distinguish between individuals. This research investigates the impact of users' writing profiles on OSN to conclude whether such profiles contribute to SBB. The distinctiveness of the SBB features that are extracted from the social behavioral data of Twitter is studied. A person identification system that relies on users' writing profiles, reply, retweet, shared weblink, trendy topic networks and temporal profiles is proposed. Score and rank level weighted fusion algorithm performance is compared on a social interaction database of 241 Twitter users. The experimental results establish that the users' writing profiles have the highest impact over other social biometric features and that score level fusion algorithms perform better than rank level fusion on SBB. The proposed system has achieved recognition rate of 99.45% at rank-1 after cross-validation using genetic algorithm based score level fusion algorithm. The system outperformed all prior researches on SBB in terms of identification accuracy.

The internal control of a company is essential to evaluate the performance of the institution during a certain period of time, which allows taking the necessary measures to correct in advance the mistakes that are being made or to enhance the positive practices within the company. In this paper we propose to evaluate the Commercial Company Manolo's located in the city of Babahoyo, Ecuador, regarding the aspects measured in the internal control. For this, we use the neutrosophic 2-tuples method. This method is a part of the Computing with Word (CWW) that is distinguished by performing calculations on words rather than numbers and is an easier and more natural way to evaluate by experts. The inclusion of neutrosophy allows for greater accuracy of the results, since the calculations incorporate indeterminacy. Three experts evaluated the internal control for this investigation.

The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is widely employed to guide the decision-maker to rank or evaluate the alternatives in decision activities. Its fuzzy set-based version, i.e., the fuzzy AHP, has also been widely studied and applied since its inception. The essential distinction between the AHP and fuzzy AHP comes from the diverse transformation methods between the linguistic and numeric judgments. In this article, we conduct a thorough comparative study between the AHP and fuzzy AHP methods in the framework of two linguistic models, i.e., the linguistic model based on the membership functions and two-tuple linguistic model. First, four AHP and three fuzzy AHP methods are revisited with the involvement of two linguistic models. Then, the comparison criteria are involved by calculating the cardinal or ordinal deviation between the original information and decision solutions, and the effects of the transitivity of the reciprocal matrix are also discussed in the comparative study. Finally, the detailed experiments along with a thorough comparative analysis are conducted based on the random and publicly available data to show the difference between the AHP and fuzzy AHP methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the perspective directions of the development to modern aviation is connected with designing and producing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) of various functionalities for applying in military and civilian spheres. The process of designing and producing state-of-the-art airplane-less technology involves many factors of ambiguity, leading to the emergence of corresponding risk-impacting factors. However, the results of the analysis show that the decision support systems used in this process are insufficient at the stages of the creation of the designs. Thus, at present, the hardwaresoftware system for risk management of complex technical systems, including unmanned aerial vehicles has not been sufficiently developed for practical implementation. The approaches currently used do not state a complete set of risk indicators, including technical ones. And the applied, in most cases, apparatus of probability theory is mostly limited by an underdeveloped database of reliable statistical indicators for the general public. The work, based on the results of the analysis of the previous experience of research and development work on the design of airplane technology, in particular of the pilotless technology, identifies the main risk-taking factors and possible negative scenarios for the development of pilotless designsю. The main risk-taking factors and possible negative scenarios for the implementation of the design of unmanned aircraft models were identified. In the article on the basis of the analysis of the reasons of involvement in performance of research and development works the basic risks of the indirect factors and possible negative scenarios of performance of projects of creation of samples of aviation equipment are defined. Based on the results of the analysis of risk-forming factors, the risk indicators of the projects of creation (modernization) of aircraft models are substantiated. A methodical approach to the criterion assessment of risk indicators at the stages of research and development work on the development (modernization) of aircraft is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Language & Law / Revista de Llengua i Dret is the property of Revista de Llengua i Dret and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Granular computing (GrC) is an essential tool to solve human real problem since the information granules is close to human perception schemes. In GrC, both classification accuracy and interpretability play significant roles. Fuzzy rule (FR) based classification systems are effective methods solving this problem. However, the accuracy of FR may be decreased when solving some complex application. In this paper, a novel model called FR–KDE integrating the FR and kernel density estimation (KDE) in the framework of Dempster–Shafer evidence theory is proposed to deal with the classification problem. By fusing the result of FR and KDE via the Dempster's combination rule, it can reduce the uncertainty of FR and obtain better accuracy. To illustrate the effect of the FR–KDE approach, it is applied to the medical data classification problem. Experimentally, the results demonstrate that the FR–KDE method is effective in handling biomedical data classification problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the results of laboratory experiments on several linguistic hypotheses. The experiments were checked for their epistemological control of the psychological reality of the world description that they offer. The article refers to the psycholinguistic experiments that aim to define the explanatory adequacy of the semantic models that simulate the implementation of the representative function of the language. The two themes: philological (linguistic) and cognitive (neurolinguistic and psycholinguistic) are combined in the article.

The evaluation of the players' performance in sports teams is commonly based on the opinion of experts who do not always agree on the importance of the chosen indicators. This paper presents a novel approach based on fuzzy multi-criteria group decision-making tools for selecting those criteria that best represent the handball player's performance in a match and for setting their relevance weights. Our approach consists of a fuzzy model to aggregate expert judgments. This methodology overcomes some drawbacks of classical systems, including the definition of the relevance of each criteria using linguistic labels. A preliminary evaluation analyzes handball players' performance indicators and their application to a short tournament. Considering the obtained results, we can conclude that the proposal is relevant and provides useful insights regarding player performance in different matches. The proposed methodology has also been compared with a basic plus-minus rating methodology. This comparison illustrates the feasibility of our approach. Results suggest that plus-minus rating is not the best solution to represent the performance of specialized players who only play when their team attack or defense. Our approach demonstrates being more appropriate for sports such as handball because it includes the valuation of a full set of positive actions in defense and attack.

The paper presents a linguo-cultural analysis of the tale Medenata Pita (The Honey Bread) by the Bulgarian writer Konstantin Konstantinov. The authors try to build a complex methodological apparatus for studying readers’ perceptions regarding the axiological aspects of the text. The study starts with the analysis of surveys carried out among undergraduate students of Bulgarian Language and History on the axiological components of the text. Then, an analytical linguistic model is built to explain the obtained results. The conceptual metaphor Life is a journey created by Lakoff and Johnson (1980) and Lakoff and Turner (1989) serves as a theoretical underpinning; its structure is compared to the plot of the tale. The model is enriched with the interpretation of words and images typical of the traditional Bulgarian culture (bread, destiny / fate, fortune tellers, luck). In the course of the study, close connection is established between the students’ answers, the linguo-cultural analytical apparatus and Konstantin Konstantinov’s text.

It has been determined that the principal parameters influencing the performance efficiency of a reactor at the thermal stage are as follows: the sour gas and its composition at the inlet into a Claus reactor, the air : sour gas ratio, the time the reaction mixture resides in a reactor, and the temperature and pressure in the reactor. At the same time, it has been established that the reactor temperature and pressure, the degree of catalyst activity, and the gases–catalyst contact time have an effect on the performance efficiency of a reactor at the catalytic stage. The effects produced by these process parameters on the performance efficiency of the Claus reactor of a sulfur production plant at the thermal and catalytic stages have been studied. The graphic dependences of the effect produced by the selected technological factors on the characteristics of sulfur production technology processes have been plotted. Some linguistic models of evaluating the quality of produced commercial sulfur have been developed, engaging the production model for the knowledge of expert specialists with the use of the initial fuzzy expert information. The resulting linguistic models make it possible to evaluate the quality of sulfur and its grade, depending on the mass fraction of sulfur, ash, organic compounds, and water. To describe the fuzzy term high quality of sulfur, corresponding membership functions have been constructed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analysis of the key technological factors of sulfur recovery process and their impact on operating efficiency of Claus reactor sulfur recovery unit at thermal and catalytic stages was carried out. The composition of acid gas entering Claus reactor and hydrogen sulfide (H2S); carbon dioxide (CO2), vapors of water, hydrocarbons, oxygen, COS and CS2, and their impact on sulfur recovery process were studied and analyzed. Dependence diagrams of the influence of selected technological factors on sulfur recovery process rates were constructed.The quality of the produced sulfur is estimated on the basis of linguistic models developed using the initial fuzzy information. Linguistic models are developed on the basis of recovery model of knowledge representation and they describe the dependence of sulfur quality indices (sulfur grade) from the mass fractions of sulfur, ash, organic substances, and water. To describe a fuzzy term 'high quality' of sulfur, structures of membership functions were determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The internal control of a company is essential to evaluate the performance of the institution during a certain period of time, which allows taking the necessary measures to correct in advance the mistakes that are being made or to enhance the positive practices within the company. In this paper we propose to evaluate the Commercial Company Manolo's located in the city of Babahoyo, Ecuador, regarding the aspects measured in the internal control. For this, we use the neutrosophic 2-tuples method. This method is a part of the Computing with Word (CWW) that is distinguished by performing calculations on words rather than numbers and is an easier and more natural way to evaluate by experts. The inclusion of neutrosophy allows for greater accuracy of the results, since the calculations incorporate indeterminacy. Three experts evaluated the internal control for this investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human Papilloma Virus is a health problem for paying attention to. This is due to the consequences it can bring to infected peoples and the society. Thus, it is a privilege to have the vaccine that prevents children to get such disease. Particularly we propose in this paper to carry out a study of the approval level of the Human Papilloma Virus vaccine in the fiscal school "Bolívar" sited in Tulcán city, Ecuador. To achieve greater accuracy in this study it is applied the method of 2-tuples linguistic neutrosophic model, which is part of the Computing with Words. This tool allows obtaining results from the evaluation of the satisfaction of the respondents by means of linguistic terms, which is the most natural way of evaluation compared with the numerical one. There is also a numeric element that measures the accuracy of the result. The incorporation of neutrosophy allows the explicit inclusion of indeterminacy within what is evaluated, that results in a greater accuracy in the model with respect to the 2-tuples linguistic fuzzy method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The linguistic computing model based on discrete fuzzy numbers has some good properties compared with other existing models and should be further studied, which has been proved by some researchers. However, the research of group consensus with this linguistic model is insufficient, given that group consensus is an important issue in group decision making. Therefore, this paper would concentrate on this subject. It includes two main issues: research on consensus measure and research on the method for improving group consensus in group decision making based on this linguistic computing model. For research on the consensus measure, this paper first studies on the aggregation method for discrete fuzzy numbers. Then, the index of measuring group consensus is determined. For research on improving the group consensus, considering the characteristics of discrete fuzzy numbers, we present an algorithm to improve group consensus. In addition, an illustrative example of a decision-making problem about investment is stated to show the whole solving process. It also illustrates the feasibility, rationality and validity of all the proposed methods. Finally, the comparisons between some proposals and existing studies are made, which helps point out the advantages of the proposed methods. Highlights • The linguistic model based on discrete fuzzy numbers (LM-DFN) is studied. • The method for measuring group consensus with the LM-DFN is proposed. • The method for improving group consensus with the LM-DFN is proposed. • The proposed methods have some advantages compared with the existing ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Logopedia Silesiana is the property of Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Slaskiego and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Innovative alternatives to control bacterial infections are need due to bacterial resistance rise. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been considered as the new generation of antimicrobial agents. Based on the fact that AMPs are sequence-dependent, a linguistic model for designing AMPs was previously developed, considering AMPs as a formal language with a grammar (patterns or motifs) and a vocabulary (amino acids). Albeit promising, that model has been poorly exploited mainly because thousands of sequences need to be generated, and the outcome has high similarity to already known AMPs. Here we present Joker, an innovative algorithm that improves the application of the linguistic model for rational design of antimicrobial peptides. We modelled the AMPs as a card game, where Joker combines the cards in the hand (patterns) with the cards in the table (sequence templates), generating a few variants. Our algorithm is capable of improving existing AMPs or even creating new AMPs from inactive peptides. A standalone version of Joker is available for download at < http://github.com/williamfp7/Joker > and requires a Linux 32-bit machine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, an intelligent predictor is designed for predicting the direction of dinghy booms and coaching dinghy sailing using the designed predictor with information obtained from multiple sensors attached to the dinghy and the sailor. For this purpose, we designed a Takagi-Sugeno-Kang-based linguistic model with interval prediction based on fuzzy granulation, which can be realized by using a context-based fuzzy c-means clustering. The sensors used in this study are cameras, GPS, and an anemometer. The GPS and cameras were attached to the dinghy, and the anemometer was installed on a separate boat near the dinghy. Features are extracted from obtained data to interpret them discretely without sequential data. The boom direction was predicted by collecting information from the dinghy driven by an expert wearing a marked suit to predict the optimal direction. The constructed database was randomly divided into a training set (60%) and a validation set (40%) for a 10-fold cross-validation. The experimental results revealed that in the prediction of the dinghy boom direction, the proposed predictor showed performance improvements of 25.2% and 17.9% on the training and validation sets, respectively, when compared to the previous predictors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines the main terms used by al-Farabi in constructing of his own language model. The author analyzes the role and place of each term in the Eastern thinker’s concept of the language, focuses on the symbolic nature of his linguophilosophical theory, and proves the lexical character of the system of symbolism. The author considers the features of al-Farabi’s approach to terminological tools and emphasizes the relevance of the mentioned theme for the modern Russian linguophilosophy.