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With analyzing the mass function obtained by solving Dyson-Schwinger Equations, we propose a cut-off independent definition of quark condensate beyond chiral limit. With this well-defined condensate, we then analyze the evolution of the condensate and its susceptibility with the current quark mass. The susceptibility shows a critical mass in the neighborhood of the s-quark current mass, which defines a transition boundary for internal hadron dynamics., 7 pages, 5 figures

The in-medium behavior of ground-state $q\bar{q}$ mesons, where $q \in \{u,d,s,c\}$, in vector and axial-vector channels is studied based on the spectral analysis for mesonic correlators at finite temperature and zero chemical potential. We first compute the correlators by solving the quark gap equations and the inhomogeneous Bethe-Salpeter equations in the rainbow-ladder approximation. Using a phenomenological ansatz, the spectral functions are extracted by fitting the correlators. By analyzing the evolution of the spectral functions with the temperature, we obtain the dissociation temperatures of mesons and discuss their relations to the critical temperature of the chiral symmetry restoration. The results show a pattern of the flavor dependence of the thermal dissociation of the mesons., 8 pages, 5 figures, and 1 table

Lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal has great application potential in the areas of the biology, medicine, and optics due to its biocompatibility, nontoxicity, biodegradability and birefringence. The rotating magnetic field method was used to measure the rotational viscosity of nematic Sunset Yellow, disodium cromoglycate and Sunset Yellow doping of magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide at various temperatures and concentrations. The rotational viscosity of nematic lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals is positively correlated with the square of the average length of columnar aggregates, increasing with the increase of concentration, but decreasing exponentially as temperature increases. This paper established a universal empirical expression of the rotational viscosity of nematic lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals and presented that the largest relative deviation between theoretical calculation and experimental results is only 22.60%. The rotational viscosity of nematic lyotropic chromonic liquid crystals becomes intensive with the increasing of magnesium sulfate and sodium chloride concentrations, while it reduces with the increase of sodium hydroxide concentration. The “one-step method” is proposed here that one sample of nematic LCLCs at various temperatures can replace normal materials to evaluate the influences of the shape anisotropy of molecules or colloidal particles on the research target, such as physical property parameters, depletion interaction potentials, and so on. This method is based on the self-assembly ability difference of lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal molecules at various temperatures and has been proved to be reliable by comparison with the results obtained from many samples of nematic 5CB, CBP5, 5PCB, et al.

With the development of image and video technology based on binocular stereo vision, more and more researches have focused on perception effects and influence factors of stereoscopic 3D (S3D) images. Up to now, investigation of factor analysis and evaluation for the depth perception of S3D image is still rare. Therefore, in this paper, we designed three subjective experiments with the content-based factors of luminance, contrast and subject size for depth perception assessment of S3D image sequences generated by computer, under different combination conditions of parallax and shape. Experiments results demonstrated that the luminance and size of main object exhibited remarkable impact on space perception and volume perception, while the content feature of contrast only has clear influence on the volume perception. Our studies have practical significance and reference value to improve viewing experience and relative objective models for the S3D images and videos.

A mathematic model has been presented to predict the decarburization kinetics of grain-oriented silicon steel sheet in the gas mixture of N2-H2-H2O during annealing. This model is based on the carbon flux balance between the oxidation reaction at the surface and the carbon diffusion inside the steel sheet. It can be numerically solved to quantify the influences of annealing temperature and atmosphere on decarburization kinetics when the boundary conditions are properly determined. In case that a humid gas mixture is employed during annealing, the most influential process parameter is temperature rather than compositions of the gas mixture, because the diffusion of carbon in ferrite is the rate-limiting step. Therefore, a higher temperature is required for the efficient decarburization of the thicker silicon steel sheet using the industrial continuous annealing production line.

Grain growth kinetics in an AISI 347 stainless steel with Nb content up to 0.7%wt was studied during the isothermal holding in the temperature range of 1100-1270°C for various periods. Abnormal grain growth was observed even in the presence of a large amount of precipitates. The kinetics of normal grain growth was tracked by metallographic measurements and fitted by the classical modeling, which led to two important parameters of activation energy Q and growth exponent n derived. Both of them are larger than the usual values for grain growth in the Nb-microalloyed steels due to the much larger content of Nb in the present steel.

The point diffraction interferometer (PDI), which generates the nearly ideal spherical wavefront with the pinhole method, is realized the absolute interferometric measurement without the use of reference surface. But it is hard to detect the diameter of the pinhole and hard for use of phase shifting interferometers in PDI. However the advanced fiber point diffraction interferometer (FPDI) not only replaces the pinhole with the fiber, but also makes it possible to implement phase shifting and maintain advantage of traditional PDI. In this paper, the different methods of measuring surface are proposed according to different experimental conditions and different targets (such as concave spherical surface, convex spherical surface, flat surface) with the fiber point diffraction interferometer built in the laboratory. Base on these experiments, there are several key factors in the measurement process such as measurement configuration, laser source, polarization beamsplitter, optical fiber. And these factors, affecting the experiment accuracy, were analyzed seriously.

Eukaryotic DNA replication takes place in the replication factories, where replication proteins are properly assembled to form replication forks. Thus, recruitment of DNA replication origins to the replication factories must be the key step for the regulation of DNA replication. The transcription factor Runx1 associates with the nuclear matrix, the putative substructure of DNA replication factories. An earlier report from our laboratory showed that Runx1 activates polyomavirus DNA replication, and that this requires its nuclear matrix-binding activity. Here, we show that Runx1 activates polyomavirus DNA replication by stimulating the binding of the viral-encoded replication initiator/helicase, large T antigen, to its replication origin. We found that newly replicated polyomavirus DNA is associated with the nuclear matrix and that large T antigen is targeted to replication factories, suggesting that polyomavirus is replicated in replication factories on the nuclear matrix. Although Runx1 did not co-localize with large T antigen-containing foci by itself, it co-localized with large T antigen-containing replication factories during Runx1-dependent polyomavirus DNA replication. These observations together suggest that Runx1 recruits the polyomavirus replication origin to the replication factory on the nuclear matrix, and that this requires the nuclear matrix-binding activity of Runx1.

Zn-Al-Mg alloy coating attracted much attention due to its high corrosion resistance properties, especially high anti-corrosion performance at the cut edge. As the Zn-Al-Mg alloy coating was usually produced by hot-dip galvanizing method, solidification process was considered to influence its microstructure and corrosion properties. In this work, a Zn-Al-Mg cast alloy was melted and cooled to room temperature with different solidification processes, including water quench, air cooling and furnace cooling. Microstructure of the alloy with different solidification processes was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Result shows that the microstructure of the Zn-Al-Mg alloy are strongly influenced by solidification process. With increasing solidification rate, more Al is remained in the primary crystal. Electrochemical analysis indicates that with lowering solidification rate, the corrosion current density of the Zn-Al-Mg alloy decreases, which means higher corrosion resistance.

C22H16F6O, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 8.426(2) Å, b = 15.205(4) Å, c = 14.900(4) Å, β = 93.031(6)°, V = 1906.4 Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0632, wRref(F2) = 0.1826, T = 293 K.

This paper presents Zernike polynomials fitting wave front which is detected by fiber point diffraction interferometer (FPDI). To confirm that Zernike polynomials are suitable for fitting concave spherical mirror surface, different orders of Zernike polynomials were used to fit several different surfaces which are produced by computer. Fitting result errors were evaluated by residual standard deviation. It is illuminated that Zernike polynomials are suitable for fitting surface which changes smoothly but not suitable for fitting surface with sharp fluctuating. When the shape changes dramatically Zernike polynomials are unable to correctly fit. Choosing appropriate term of polynomials, more terms don't mean higher precision. A metal coated concave spherical mirror, curvature radius 580mm, caliber 70mm, was measured as a sample. The five-step phase shifting interferograms of good quality were detected by an experimental FPDI which was built in lab. Measured wave front was fitted by 36 terms of Zernike polynomials from phase map which were unwrapped from five-step phase shifting interferograms. The measurement result was obtained and compared with that by Zygo interferometer when measured the same mirror. The 2 represented wave fronts have same characters such as centers bulging and marginal trough.