31 results on '"Lindenmaier, R"'
Search Results
2. A method for evaluating bias in global measurements of CO2 total columns from space
- Author
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Wunch, D., Wennberg, P. O., Toon, G. C., Connor, B. J., Fisher, B., Osterman, G. B., Frankenberg, C., Mandrake, L., ODell, C., Ahonen, P., Biraud, S. C., Castano, R., Cressie, N., Crisp, D., Deutscher, N. M., Eldering, A., Fisher, M. L., Griffith, D. W. T., Gunson, M., Heikkinen, P., KeppelAleks, G., Kyro, E., Lindenmaier, R., Macatangay, R., Mendonca, J., Messerschmidt, J., Miller, C. E., Morino, I., Notholt, J., Oyafuso, F. A., Rettinger, M., Robinson, J., Roehl, C. M., Salawitch, R. J., Sherlock, V., Strong, K., Sussmann, R., Thompson, D. R., Warneke, T., Wofsy, S. C., Tanaka, Tomoaki, and Uchino, Osamu
- Abstract
資料番号: PA1110076000
- Published
- 2011
3. Validation of ACE and OSIRIS ozone and NO2 measurements using ground-based instruments at 80° N
- Author
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Adams, C., Strong, K., Batchelor, R. L., Bernath, P. F., Brohede, S., Boone, C., Degenstein, D., Daffer, W. H., Drummond, J. R., Fogal, P. F., Farahani, E., Fayt, C., Fraser, A., Goutail, Florence, Hendrick, F., Kolonjari, F., Lindenmaier, R., Manney, G., Mcelroy, C. T., Mclinden, C. A., Mendonca, J., Park, J.-H., Pavlovic, B., Pazmino, Andrea, Roth, C., Savastiouk, V., Walker, K. A., Weaver, D., Zhao, X., Department of Physics [Toronto], University of Toronto, NCAR Earth Systems Laboratory (NESL), National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), Department of Chemistry [York, UK], University of York [York, UK], Department of Chemistry [Waterloo], University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry [Norfolk], Old Dominion University [Norfolk] (ODU), Department of Earth and Space Sciences [Göteborg], Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science [Halifax], Dalhousie University [Halifax], Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), School of Geosciences [Edinburgh], University of Edinburgh, STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology [New Mexico Tech] (NMT), Air Quality Research Division [Toronto], Environment and Climate Change Canada, York University [Toronto], Full Spectrum Science Inc. [Toronto], National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Belgian PRODEX SECPEA and A3C projects, European Commission, European Project: GEOMON, European Project: 284421,EC:FP7:SPA,FP7-SPACE-2011-1,NORS(2011), and California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA
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[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph] ,lcsh:TA715-787 ,lcsh:Earthwork. Foundations ,lcsh:TA170-171 ,lcsh:Environmental engineering - Abstract
The Optical Spectrograph and Infra-Red Imager System (OSIRIS) and the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE) have been taking measurements from space since 2001 and 2003, respectively. This paper presents intercomparisons between ozone and NO2 measured by the ACE and OSIRIS satellite instruments and by ground-based instruments at the Polar Environment Atmospheric Research Laboratory (PEARL), which is located at Eureka, Canada (80° N, 86° W) and is operated by the Canadian Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Change (CANDAC). The ground-based instruments included in this study are four zenith-sky differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) instruments, one Bruker Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and four Brewer spectrophotometers. Ozone total columns measured by the DOAS instruments were retrieved using new Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC) guidelines and agree to within 3.2%. The DOAS ozone columns agree with the Brewer spectrophotometers with mean relative differences that are smaller than 1.5%. This suggests that for these instruments the new NDACC data guidelines were successful in producing a homogenous and accurate ozone dataset at 80° N. Satellite 14-52 km ozone and 17-40 km NO2 partial columns within 500 km of PEARL were calculated for ACE-FTS Version 2.2 (v2.2) plus updates, ACE-FTS v3.0, ACE-MAESTRO (Measurements of Aerosol Extinction in the Stratosphere and Troposphere Retrieved by Occultation) v1.2 and OSIRIS SaskMART v5.0x ozone and Optimal Estimation v3.0 NO2 data products. The new ACE-FTS v3.0 and the validated ACE-FTS v2.2 partial columns are nearly identical, with mean relative differences of 0.0 ± 0.2% for ozone and -0.2 ± 0.1% for v2.2 minus v3.3 NO2. Ozone columns were constructed from 14-52 km satellite and 0-14 km ozonesonde partial columns and compared with the ground-based total column measurements. The satellite-plus-sonde measurements agree with the ground-based ozone total columns with mean relative differences of 0.1-7.3%. For NO2, partial columns from 17 km upward were scaled to noon using a photochemical model. Mean relative differences between OSIRIS, ACE-FTS and ground-based NO2 measurements do not exceed 20%. ACE-MAESTRO measures more NO2 than the other instruments, with mean relative differences of 25-52%. Seasonal variation in the differences between partial columns is observed, suggesting that there are systematic errors in the measurements, the photochemical model corrections, and/or in the coincidence criteria. For ozone spring-time measurements, additional coincidence criteria based on stratospheric temperature and the location of the polar vortex were found to improve agreement between some of the instruments. For ACE-FTS v2.2 minus Bruker FTIR, the 2007-2009 spring-time mean relative difference improved from -5.0 ± 0.4% to -3.1 ± 0.8% with the dynamical selection criteria. This was the largest improvement, likely because both instruments measure direct sunlight and therefore have well-characterized lines-of-sight compared with scattered sunlight measurements. For NO2, the addition of a ±1° latitude coincidence criterion improved spring-time intercomparison results, likely due to the sharp latitudinal gradient of NO2 during polar sunrise. The differences between satellite and ground-based measurements do not show any obvious trends over the missions, indicating that both the ACE and OSIRIS instruments continue to perform well.
- Published
- 2012
4. Observed and simulated time evolution of HCl, ClONO₂ and HF total column abundances
- Author
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Kohlhepp, R., Ruhnke, R., Chipperfield, M.P., De Maziere, M., Notholt, J., Barthlott, S., Batchelor, R.L., Blatherwick, R.D., Blumenstock, Th., Coffey, M.T., Demoulin, P., Fast, H., Feng, W., Goldman, A., Griffith, D.W.T., Hamann, K., Hannigan, J.W., Hase, F., Jones, N.B., Kagawa, A., Kaiser, I., Kasai, Y., Kirner, O., Kouker, W., Lindenmaier, R., Mahieu, E., Mittermeier, R.L., Monge-Sanz, B., Morino, I., Murata, I., Nakajima, H., Palm, M., Paton-Walsh, C., Raffalski, U., Reddmann, Th., Rettinger, M., Rinsland, C.P., Rozanov, E., Schneider, M., Senten, C., Servais, C., Sinnhuber, B.M., Smale, D., Strong, K., Sussmann, R., Taylor, J.R., Vanhaelewyn, G., Warneke, T., Whaley, C., Wiehle, M., and Wood, S.W.
- Subjects
Earth sciences ,ddc:550 - Published
- 2012
5. Analysis of ozone and nitric acid for the ARCTAS field campaign using aircraft, satellite observations and MOZART-4 model simulations: source attribution and variability of Arctic pollution
- Author
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Wespes, C., Emmons, L. K., Edwards, D. P., Hurtmans, D., Coheur, Pierre-François, Clerbaux, Cathy, Hannigan, J. W., Lindenmaier, R., Batchelor, R., Strong, K., National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), Service de Chimie Quantique et Photophysique, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and University of Toronto
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Troposphere: composition and chemistry ,[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics] - Abstract
International audience; Reactive nitrogen compounds play an essential role in the processes that control the ozone abundance in the lower atmosphere, in particular HNO3, which is one of the principal reservoir species for the nitrogen oxides. However, there remains a significant lack of data for simultaneous observations of O3 and HNO3, despite the fact that the correlations between these species are particularly important for characterizing air masses and evaluating how ozone depends on nitrogen compounds. As a consequence, the chemical link between O3 and HNO3 remains poorly known in the lower layers. In this study, we use aircraft observations of O3 and HNO3 from the NASA ARCTAS and NOAA ARCPAC campaigns during spring and summer of 2008 together with O3 and NO2 satellite data respectively from the IASI and the OMI instruments and a global chemical transport model (MOZART-4) to better understand the sources, transport and variability of these compounds in the Arctic. FTIR measurements of O3 and HNO3 made at Eureka and Thule during the ARCTAS mission are also used for our analysis. The results are discussed in terms of O3-NOy chemistry and the role of HNO3 as a reservoir of NOx is investigated. These analyses also help us to quantify the contribution of the stratosphere to the tropospheric ozone budget in the Arctic.
- Published
- 2010
6. Characterizing the Chemistry of the Polar Stratosphere above Eureka, Canada with Ground-Based and Satellite Instruments During IPY
- Author
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Adams, C., Strong, K., Lindenmaier, R., Batchelor, R., Park, J.-H., Fraser, A., Mendonca, J., Drummond, J. R., Goutail, Florence, Pazmino, Andrea, Walker, K. A., Bernath, P., Boone, C., Degenstein, D., Mclinden, C. A., Manney, G., Daffer, W., Department of Physics [Toronto], University of Toronto, National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science [Halifax], Dalhousie University [Halifax], STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Chemistry [York, UK], University of York [York, UK], Department of Chemistry [Waterloo], University of Waterloo [Waterloo], University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Air Quality Research Division [Toronto], Environment and Climate Change Canada, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), and Cardon, Catherine
- Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph] ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph] - Abstract
Arctic stratospheric ozone varies greatly year-to-year and season-to-season as it depends on stratospheric dynamics and concentrations of other highly variable trace gases. One of these trace gases is NO2, which is involved in catalytic ozone depletion cycles in the upper stratosphere but can prevent spring-time ozone depletion in the lower stratosphere. NO2 has a short lifetime in the stratosphere, so concentrations depend strongly on available sunlight, which varies greatly throughout the year in the Arctic. We will investigate the variability of Arctic ozone, NO2 and related constituents through the sunlit parts of the International Polar Year with measurements taken at the Polar Environment Atmospheric Research Laboratory (PEARL) in Eureka, Nunavut, Canada (80oN, 86oW). We will compare measurements from three ground-based UV-visible spectrometers and a Bruker 125HR Fourier transform infrared spectrometer with ACE and OSIRIS satellite measurements. Furthermore, we will discuss the seasonal, day-to-day, and diurnal variations of these species and will relate these measurements to available sunlight and dynamical conditions above Eureka.
- Published
- 2010
7. Observed and simulated time evolution of HCl, ClONO2, and HF total column abundances
- Author
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Kohlhepp, R, Ruhnke, R, Chipperfield, M P, De Maziere, M, Notholt, J, Barthlott, S, Batchelor, R L, Blatherwick, R D, Blumenstock, Th, Coffey, M T, Demoulin, P, Fast, H, Feng, W, Goldman, A, Griffith, D W. T, Hamann, K, Hannigan, J W, Hase, F, Jones, N B, Kagawa, A, Kaiser, I, Kasai, Y, Kirner, O, Kouker, W, Lindenmaier, R, Mahieu, E, MITTERMEIER, R L, Monge-Sanz, B, Morino, I, Murata, I, Nakajima, H, Palm, M, Paton-Walsh, Clare, Raffalski, U, Reddmann, Th, Rettinger, M, Rinsland, C P, Rozanov, E, Schneider, M, Senten, C, Servais, C, Sinnhuber, B M, Smale, D, Strong, K, Sussmann, R, Taylor, J R, Vanhaelewyn, G, Warneke, T, Whaley, C, Wiehle, M, Wood, S W, Kohlhepp, R, Ruhnke, R, Chipperfield, M P, De Maziere, M, Notholt, J, Barthlott, S, Batchelor, R L, Blatherwick, R D, Blumenstock, Th, Coffey, M T, Demoulin, P, Fast, H, Feng, W, Goldman, A, Griffith, D W. T, Hamann, K, Hannigan, J W, Hase, F, Jones, N B, Kagawa, A, Kaiser, I, Kasai, Y, Kirner, O, Kouker, W, Lindenmaier, R, Mahieu, E, MITTERMEIER, R L, Monge-Sanz, B, Morino, I, Murata, I, Nakajima, H, Palm, M, Paton-Walsh, Clare, Raffalski, U, Reddmann, Th, Rettinger, M, Rinsland, C P, Rozanov, E, Schneider, M, Senten, C, Servais, C, Sinnhuber, B M, Smale, D, Strong, K, Sussmann, R, Taylor, J R, Vanhaelewyn, G, Warneke, T, Whaley, C, Wiehle, M, and Wood, S W
- Abstract
Time series of total column abundances of hydrogen chloride (HCl), chlorine nitrate (ClONO2), and hydrogen fluoride (HF) were determined from ground-based Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra recorded at 17 sites belonging to the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC) and located between 80.05° N and 77.82° S. By providing such a near-global overview on ground-based measurements of the two major stratospheric chlorine reservoir species, HCl and ClONO2, the present study is able to confirm the decrease of the atmospheric inorganic chlorine abundance during the last few years. This decrease is expected following the 1987 Montreal Protocol and its amendments and adjustments, where restrictions and a subsequent phase-out of the prominent anthropogenic chlorine source gases (solvents, chlorofluorocarbons) were agreed upon to enable a stabilisation and recovery of the stratospheric ozone layer. The atmospheric fluorine content is expected to be influenced by the Montreal Protocol, too, because most of the banned anthropogenic gases also represent important fluorine sources. But many of the substitutes to the banned gases also contain fluorine so that the HF total column abundance is expected to have continued to increase during the last few years. The measurements are compared with calculations from five different models: the two-dimensional Bremen model, the two chemistry-transport models KASIMA and SLIMCAT, and the two chemistry-climate models EMAC and SOCOL. Thereby, the ability of the models to reproduce the absolute total column amounts, the seasonal cycles, and the temporal evolution found in the FTIR measurements is investigated and inter-compared. This is especially interesting because the models have different architectures. The overall agreement between the measurements and models for the total column abundances and the seasonal cycles is good. Linear trends of HCl, ClONO2, and HF are calculated from both measurement and model t
- Published
- 2012
8. Year-round retrievals of trace gases in the Arctic using the Extended-range Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer
- Author
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Mariani, Z., primary, Strong, K., additional, Palm, M., additional, Lindenmaier, R., additional, Adams, C., additional, Zhao, X., additional, Savastiouk, V., additional, McElroy, C. T., additional, Goutail, F., additional, and Drummond, J. R., additional
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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9. Polar night retrievals of trace gases in the Arctic using the Extended-range Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer
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Mariani, Z., primary, Strong, K., additional, Palm, M., additional, Lindenmaier, R., additional, Adams, C., additional, Zhao, X., additional, Savastiouk, V., additional, McElroy, C. T., additional, Goutail, F., additional, and Drummond, J. R., additional
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- 2013
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10. Unusually low ozone, HCl, and HNO<sub>3</sub> column measurements at Eureka, Canada during winter/spring 2011
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Lindenmaier, R., primary, Strong, K., additional, Batchelor, R. L., additional, Chipperfield, M. P., additional, Daffer, W. H., additional, Drummond, J. R., additional, Duck, T. J., additional, Fast, H., additional, Feng, W., additional, Fogal, P. F., additional, Kolonjari, F., additional, Manney, G. L., additional, Manson, A., additional, Meek, C., additional, Mittermeier, R. L., additional, Nott, G. J., additional, Perro, C., additional, and Walker, K. A., additional
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
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11. Validation of ACE and OSIRIS ozone and NO2 measurements using ground-based instruments at 80° N
- Author
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Adams, C., primary, Strong, K., additional, Batchelor, R. L., additional, Bernath, P. F., additional, Brohede, S., additional, Boone, C., additional, Degenstein, D., additional, Daffer, W. H., additional, Drummond, J. R., additional, Fogal, P. F., additional, Farahani, E., additional, Fayt, C., additional, Fraser, A., additional, Goutail, F., additional, Hendrick, F., additional, Kolonjari, F., additional, Lindenmaier, R., additional, Manney, G., additional, McElroy, C. T., additional, McLinden, C. A., additional, Mendonca, J., additional, Park, J.-H., additional, Pavlovic, B., additional, Pazmino, A., additional, Roth, C., additional, Savastiouk, V., additional, Walker, K. A., additional, Weaver, D., additional, and Zhao, X., additional
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- 2012
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12. Supplementary material to "Unusually low ozone, HCl, and HNO3 column measurements at Eureka, Canada during winter/spring 2011"
- Author
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Lindenmaier, R., primary, Strong, K., additional, Batchelor, R. L., additional, Chipperfield, M. P., additional, Daffer, W. H., additional, Drummond, J. R., additional, Duck, T. J., additional, Fast, H., additional, Feng, W., additional, Fogal, P. F., additional, Kolonjari, F., additional, Manney, G. L., additional, Manson, A., additional, Meek, C., additional, Mittermeier, R. L., additional, Nott, G. J., additional, Perro, C., additional, and Walker, K. A., additional
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Analysis of ozone and nitric acid in spring and summer Arctic pollution using aircraft, ground-based, satellite observations and MOZART-4 model: source attribution and partitioning
- Author
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Wespes, C., primary, Emmons, L., additional, Edwards, D. P., additional, Hannigan, J., additional, Hurtmans, D., additional, Saunois, M., additional, Coheur, P.-F., additional, Clerbaux, C., additional, Coffey, M. T., additional, Batchelor, R. L., additional, Lindenmaier, R., additional, Strong, K., additional, Weinheimer, A. J., additional, Nowak, J. B., additional, Ryerson, T. B., additional, Crounse, J. D., additional, and Wennberg, P. O., additional
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- 2012
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14. A study of the Arctic NOybudget above Eureka, Canada
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Lindenmaier, R., primary, Strong, K., additional, Batchelor, R. L., additional, Bernath, P. F., additional, Chabrillat, S., additional, Chipperfield, M. P., additional, Daffer, W. H., additional, Drummond, J. R., additional, Feng, W., additional, Jonsson, A. I., additional, Kolonjari, F., additional, Manney, G. L., additional, McLinden, C., additional, Ménard, R., additional, and Walker, K. A., additional
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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15. Observed and simulated time evolution of HCl, ClONO2, and HF total column abundances
- Author
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Kohlhepp, R., primary, Ruhnke, R., additional, Chipperfield, M. P., additional, De Mazière, M., additional, Notholt, J., additional, Barthlott, S., additional, Batchelor, R. L., additional, Blatherwick, R. D., additional, Blumenstock, Th., additional, Coffey, M. T., additional, Demoulin, P., additional, Fast, H., additional, Feng, W., additional, Goldman, A., additional, Griffith, D. W. T., additional, Hamann, K., additional, Hannigan, J. W., additional, Hase, F., additional, Jones, N. B., additional, Kagawa, A., additional, Kaiser, I., additional, Kasai, Y., additional, Kirner, O., additional, Kouker, W., additional, Lindenmaier, R., additional, Mahieu, E., additional, Mittermeier, R. L., additional, Monge-Sanz, B., additional, Murata, I., additional, Nakajima, H., additional, Morino, I., additional, Palm, M., additional, Paton-Walsh, C., additional, Raffalski, U., additional, Reddmann, Th., additional, Rettinger, M., additional, Rinsland, C. P., additional, Rozanov, E., additional, Schneider, M., additional, Senten, C., additional, Servais, C., additional, Sinnhuber, B.-M., additional, Smale, D., additional, Strong, K., additional, Sussmann, R., additional, Taylor, J. R., additional, Vanhaelewyn, G., additional, Warneke, T., additional, Whaley, C., additional, Wiehle, M., additional, and Wood, S. W., additional
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- 2011
- Full Text
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16. Analysis of ozone and nitric acid in spring and summer Arctic pollution using aircraft, ground-based, satellite observations and MOZART-4 model: source attribution and partitioning
- Author
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Wespes, C., primary, Emmons, L., additional, Edwards, D. P., additional, Hannigan, J., additional, Hurtmans, D., additional, Saunois, M., additional, Coheur, P.-F., additional, Clerbaux, C., additional, Coffey, M. T., additional, Batchelor, R., additional, Lindenmaier, R., additional, Strong, K., additional, Weinheimer, A. J., additional, Nowak, J. B., additional, Ryerson, T. B., additional, Crounse, J. D., additional, and Wennberg, P. O., additional
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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17. A method for evaluating bias in global measurements of CO2 total columns from space
- Author
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Wunch, D., primary, Wennberg, P. O., additional, Toon, G. C., additional, Connor, B. J., additional, Fisher, B., additional, Osterman, G. B., additional, Frankenberg, C., additional, Mandrake, L., additional, O'Dell, C., additional, Ahonen, P., additional, Biraud, S. C., additional, Castano, R., additional, Cressie, N., additional, Crisp, D., additional, Deutscher, N. M., additional, Eldering, A., additional, Fisher, M. L., additional, Griffith, D. W. T., additional, Gunson, M., additional, Heikkinen, P., additional, Keppel-Aleks, G., additional, Kyrö, E., additional, Lindenmaier, R., additional, Macatangay, R., additional, Mendonca, J., additional, Messerschmidt, J., additional, Miller, C. E., additional, Morino, I., additional, Notholt, J., additional, Oyafuso, F. A., additional, Rettinger, M., additional, Robinson, J., additional, Roehl, C. M., additional, Salawitch, R. J., additional, Sherlock, V., additional, Strong, K., additional, Sussmann, R., additional, Tanaka, T., additional, Thompson, D. R., additional, Uchino, O., additional, Warneke, T., additional, and Wofsy, S. C., additional
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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18. The NOy Budget Above Eureka, Nunavut From Ground-based FTIR Measurements, Space-based ACE-FTS Measurements, and the CMAM-DAS, GEM-BACH, and SLIMCAT Models
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Lindenmaier, R., primary, Batchelor, R. L., additional, Strong, K., additional, Beagley, S., additional, Ménard, R., additional, Jonsson, A. I., additional, Neish, M., additional, Chabrillat, S., additional, Chipperfield, M. P., additional, Manney, G. L., additional, Daffer, W. H., additional, Polavarapu, S., additional, Shepherd, T. G., additional, Bernath, P. F., additional, and Walker, K. A., additional
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
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19. Four Fourier transform spectrometers and the Arctic polar vortex: instrument intercomparison and ACE-FTS validation at Eureka during the IPY springs of 2007 and 2008
- Author
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Batchelor, R. L., primary, Kolonjari, F., additional, Lindenmaier, R., additional, Mittermeier, R. L., additional, Daffer, W., additional, Fast, H., additional, Manney, G., additional, Strong, K., additional, and Walker, K. A., additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
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20. Four Fourier transform spectrometers and the Arctic polar vortex: instrument intercomparison and ACE-FTS validation at Eureka during the IPY springs of 2007 and 2008
- Author
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Batchelor, R. L., primary, Kolonjari, F., additional, Lindenmaier, R., additional, Mittermeier, R. L., additional, Daffer, W., additional, Fast, H., additional, Manney, G., additional, Strong, K., additional, and Walker, K. A., additional
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- 2009
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21. Mercerising Voiles
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Lindenmaier, R., primary
- Published
- 2008
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22. Occurrence of weak, sub-micron, tropospheric aerosol events at high Arctic latitudes
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O'Neill, N. T., primary, Pancrati, O., additional, Baibakov, K., additional, Eloranta, E., additional, Batchelor, R. L., additional, Freemantle, J., additional, McArthur, L. J. B., additional, Strong, K., additional, and Lindenmaier, R., additional
- Published
- 2008
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23. Polar night retrievals of trace gases in the Arctic using the Extended-range Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer.
- Author
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Mariani, Z., Strong, K., Palm, M., Lindenmaier, R., Adams, C., Zhao, X., Savastiouk, V., McElroy, C. T., Goutail, F., and Drummond, J. R.
- Subjects
TRACE gases ,INTERFEROMETERS ,ATMOSPHERIC research ,PHOTOCHEMISTRY ,FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy - Abstract
The Extended-range Atmospheric Emitted Radiance Interferometer (E-AERI) was installed at the Polar Environment Atmospheric Research Laboratory (PEARL) at Eureka, Nunavut, Canada in October 2008. Spectra from the E-AERI provide information about the radiative balance and budgets of trace gases in the Canadian high Arctic. Measurements are taken every seven minutes year-round, including polar night when the solar-viewing spectrometers at PEARL are not operated. This allows E-AERI measurements to fill the gap in the PEARL dataset during the four months of polar night. Measurements were taken year-round in 2008-2009 at the PEARL Ridge Lab, which is 610m above sea-level, and from 2011-onwards at the Zero-Altitude PEARL Auxiliary Lab (0PAL), which is 15 km from the Ridge Lab at sea level. Total columns of O
3 , CO, CH4 , and N2 O have been retrieved using a modified version of the SFIT2 retrieval algorithm adapted for emission spectra. This provides the first nighttime measurements of these species at Eureka. Changes in the total columns driven by photochemistry and dynamics are observed. Analyses of E-AERI retrievals indicate accurate spectral fits (root-mean-square residuals < 1.5 %) and a 10-15% uncertainty in the total column, depending on the trace gas. O3 comparisons between the E-AERI and a Bruker IFS 125HR Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, three Brewer spectrophotometers, two UV-visible ground-based spectrometers, and a System D'Analyse par Observations Zenithales (SAOZ) at PEARL are made from 2008-2009 and for 2011. 125HR CO, CH4 , and N2 O columns are also compared with the E-AERI measurements. Mean relative differences between the E-AERI and the other spectrometers are 1-14% (depending on the gas), which are less than the E-AERI's total column uncertainties. The E-AERI O3 and CO measurements are well correlated with the other spectrometers; the best correlation is with the 125HR (r > 0.92). The 24-h diurnal cycle and 365-day seasonal cycle of CO are observed and their amplitudes are quantified by the E-AERI (6-12% and 46 %, respectively). The seasonal variability of H2 O has an impact on the retrievals, leading to larger uncertainties in the summer months. Despite increased water vapour at the lower-altitude site 0PAL, measurements at 0PAL are consistent with measurements at PEARL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2013
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24. Validation of ACE and OSIRIS ozone and NO2 measurements using ground-based instruments at 80° N.
- Author
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Adams, C., Strong, K., Batchelor, R. L., Bernath, P. F., Brohede, S., Boone, C., Degenstein, D., Daffer, W. H., Drummond, J. R., Fogal, P. F., Farahani, E., Fayt, C., Fraser, A., Goutail, F., Hendrick, F., Kolonjari, F., Lindenmaier, R., Manney, G., McElroy, C. T., and McLinden, C. A.
- Subjects
ATMOSPHERIC chemistry ,OPTICAL spectroscopy ,SPECTRUM analysis ,ATMOSPHERIC nitrous oxide ,RESEARCH institutes - Abstract
The article presents a study that compares the optical spectrograph and infrared imager system (OSIRIS) and the atmospheric chemistry experiment (ACE) ozone and NO
2 measurements from the space since 2001 to 2003 using ground-based instruments at the Polar Environment Atmospheric Research Laboratory (PEARL) in Eureka, Canada. The study uses four kinds of zenith-sky differential optical absorption spectroscopy. The result indicates that both ACE and OSIRIS continue to perform well.- Published
- 2012
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25. Unusually low ozone, HCl, and HNO3 column measurements at Eureka, Canada during winter/spring 2011.
- Author
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Lindenmaier, R., Strong, K., Batchelor, R. L., Chipperfield, M. P., Daffer, W. H., Drummond, J. R., Duck, T. J., Fast, H., Feng, W., Fogal, P. F., Kolonjari, F., Manney, G. L., Manson, A., Meek, C., Mittermeier, R. L., Nott, G. J., Perro, C., Walker, K. A., and Harris, N.
- Subjects
OZONE ,ATMOSPHERIC chemistry ,HYDROCHLORIC acid ,NITRIC acid ,METEOROLOGICAL research ,STRATOSPHERE ,FOURIER transform infrared spectroscopy - Abstract
As a consequence of dynamically variable meteorological conditions, springtime Arctic ozone levels exhibit significant interannual variability in the lower stratosphere. In winter 2011, the polar vortex was strong and cold for an unusually long time. Our research site, located at Eureka, Nunavut, Canada (80.05° N, 86.42° W), was mostly inside the vortex from October 2010 until late March 2011. The Bruker 125HR Fourier transform infrared spectrometer in- stalled at the Polar Environment Atmospheric Research Lab- oratory at Eureka acquired measurements from 23 February to 6 April during the 2011 Canadian Arctic Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Validation Campaign. These measurements showed unusually low ozone, HCl, and HNO
3 total columns compared to the previous 14 yr. To remove dynamical effects, we normalized these total columns by the HF total column. The normalized values of the ozone, HCl, and HNO3 total columns were smaller than those from previous years, and confirmed the occurrence of chlorine activation and chemical ozone depletion. To quantify the chemical ozone loss, a three-dimensional chemical transport model, SLIMCAT, and the passive subtraction method were used. The chemical ozone depletion was calculated as the mean percentage difference between the measured ozone and the SLIMCAT passive ozone, and was found to be 35%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2012
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26. A study of the Arctic NO y budget above Eureka, Canada.
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Lindenmaier, R., Strong, K., Batchelor, R. L., Bernath, P. F., Chabrillat, S., Chipperfield, M. P., Daffer, W. H., Drummond, J. R., Feng, W., Jonsson, A. I., Kolonjari, F., Manney, G. L., McLinden, C., Ménard, R., and Walker, K. A.
- Published
- 2011
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27. Analysis of ozone and nitric acid in spring and summer Arctic pollution using aircraft, ground-based, satellite observations and MOZART-4 model: source attribution and partitioning.
- Author
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Wespes, C., Emmons, L., Edwards, D. P., Hannigan, J., Hurtmans, D., Saunois, M., Coheur, P.-F., Clerbaux, C., Coffey, M. T., Batchelor, R., Lindenmaier, R., Strong, K., Weinheimer, A. J., Nowak, J. B., Ryerson, T. B., Crounse, J. D., and Wennberg, P. O.
- Abstract
In this paper, we analyze tropospheric O
3 together with HNO3 during the POLARCAT (Polar Study using Aircraft, Remote Sensing, Surface Measurements and Models, of Climate, Chemistry, Aerosols, and Transport) program, combining observations and model results. Aircraft observations from the NASA ARCTAS (Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites) and NOAA ARCPAC (Aerosol, Radiation and Cloud Processes affecting Arctic Climate) campaigns during spring and summer of 2008 are used together with the Model for Ozone and Related Chemical Tracers, version 4 (MOZART-4) to assist in the interpretation of the observations in terms of the source attribution and transport of O3 and HNO3 into the Arctic. The MOZART-4 simulations reproduce the aircraft observations generally well (within 15 %), but some discrepancies in the model are identified and discussed. The observed correlation of O3 with HNO3 is exploited to evaluate the MOZART-4 model performance for different air mass types (fresh plumes, free troposphere and stratospheric-contaminated air masses). Based on model simulations of O3 and HNO3 tagged by source type and region, we find that the anthropogenic pollution from the Northern Hemisphere is the dominant source of O3 and HNO3 in the Arctic at pressure greater than 400 hPa, and that the stratospheric influence is the principal contribution at pressures less 400 hPa. During the summer, intense Russian fire emissions contribute some amount to the tropospheric columns of both gases over the American sector of the Arctic. North American fire emissions (California and Canada) also show an important impact on tropospheric ozone in the Arctic boundary layer. Additional analysis of tropospheric O3 measurements from ground-based FTIR and from the IASI satellite sounder made at the Eureka (Canada) and Thule (Greenland) polar sites during POLARCAT has been performed using the tagged contributions. It demonstrates the capability of these instruments for observing pollution at Northern high latitudes. Differences between contributions from the sources to the tropospheric columns as measured by FTIR and IASI are discussed in terms of vertical sensitivity associated with these instruments. The first analysis of O3 tropospheric columns observed by the IASI satellite instrument over the Arctic is also provided. Despite its limited vertical sensitivity in the lowermost atmospheric layers, we demonstrate that IASI is capable of detecting low-altitude pollution transported into the Arctic with some limitations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2011
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28. Midlands Section
- Author
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Lindenmaier, R., primary
- Published
- 1932
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29. Quantitative Infrared Absorption Spectra and Vibrational Assignments of Crotonaldehyde and Methyl Vinyl Ketone Using Gas-Phase Mid-Infrared, Far-Infrared, and Liquid Raman Spectra: s-cis vs s-trans Composition Confirmed via Temperature Studies and ab Initio Methods.
- Author
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Lindenmaier R, Williams SD, Sams RL, and Johnson TJ
- Abstract
Methyl vinyl ketone (MVK) and crotonaldehyde are chemical isomers; both are also important species in tropospheric chemistry. We report quantitative vapor-phase infrared spectra of crotonaldehyde and MVK vapors over the 540-6500 cm
-1 range. Vibrational assignments of all fundamental modes are made for both molecules on the basis of far- and mid-infrared vapor-phase spectra, liquid Raman spectra, along with density functional theory and ab initio MP2 and high energy-accuracy compound theoretical models (W1BD). Theoretical results indicate that at room temperature the crotonaldehyde equilibrium mixture is approximately 97% s-trans and only 3% s-cis conformer. Nearly all observed bands are thus associated with the s-trans conformer, but a few appear to be uniquely associated with the s-cis conformer, notably ν16 c at 730.90 cm-1 , which displays a substantial intensity increase with temperature (70% upon going from 5 to 50o C). The intensity of the corresponding mode of the s-trans conformer decreases with temperature. Under the same conditions, the MVK equilibrium mixture is approximately 69% s-trans conformer and 31% s-cis. W1BD calculations indicate that for MVK this is one of those (rare) cases where there are comparable populations of both conformers, approximately doubling the number of observed bands and exacerbating the vibrational assignments. We uniquely assign the bands associated with both the MVK s-cis conformer as well as those of the s-trans, thus completing the vibrational analyses of both conformers from the same set of experimental spectra. Integrated band intensities are reported for both molecules along with global warming potential values. Using the quantitative IR data, potential bands for atmospheric monitoring are also discussed.- Published
- 2017
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30. Assignment of the Fundamental Modes of Hydroxyacetone Using Gas-Phase Infrared, Far-Infrared, Raman, and ab Initio Methods: Band Strengths for Atmospheric Measurements.
- Author
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Lindenmaier R, Tipton N, Sams RL, Brauer CS, Blake TA, Williams SD, and Johnson TJ
- Abstract
Hydroxyacetone (acetol) is a simple organic molecule of interest in both the astrophysical and atmospheric communities. It has recently been observed in biomass burning events and is a known degradation product of isoprene oxidation. However, its vibrational assignment has never been fully completed, and few quantitative data are available for its detection via infrared spectroscopy. Our recent acquisition of both the pressure-broadened gas-phase data and the far-IR spectra now allow for unambiguous assignment of several (new) bands. In particular, the observed C-type bands of several fundamentals (particularly in the far-infrared) and a few combination bands demonstrate that the monomer is in a planar (Cs) conformation, at least a majority of the time. As suggested by other researchers, the monomer is a cis-cis conformer stabilized by an intramolecular O-H···O═C hydrogen bond forming a five-membered planar ring structure. Band assignments in the Cs point group are justified (at least for a good fraction of the molecules in the ensemble) by the presence of the C-type bands. The results and band assignments are well confirmed by both ab initio MP2-ccpvtz calculations and GAMESS (B3LYP) theoretical calculations. In addition, using vetted methods for quantitative measurements, we report the first IR absorption band strengths of acetol (also in electronic format) that can be used for atmospheric monitoring and other applications.
- Published
- 2016
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31. Multiscale observations of CO2, 13CO2, and pollutants at Four Corners for emission verification and attribution.
- Author
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Lindenmaier R, Dubey MK, Henderson BG, Butterfield ZT, Herman JR, Rahn T, and Lee SH
- Subjects
- Carbon Isotopes analysis, Carbon Monoxide analysis, Environmental Monitoring methods, Geography, New Mexico, Nitrogen Dioxide analysis, Sulfur Dioxide analysis, Time Factors, Air Pollutants analysis, Air Pollution analysis, Carbon Dioxide analysis, Coal, Power Plants
- Abstract
There is a pressing need to verify air pollutant and greenhouse gas emissions from anthropogenic fossil energy sources to enforce current and future regulations. We demonstrate the feasibility of using simultaneous remote sensing observations of column abundances of CO2, CO, and NO2 to inform and verify emission inventories. We report, to our knowledge, the first ever simultaneous column enhancements in CO2 (3-10 ppm) and NO2 (1-3 Dobson Units), and evidence of δ(13)CO2 depletion in an urban region with two large coal-fired power plants with distinct scrubbing technologies that have resulted in ∆NOx/∆CO2 emission ratios that differ by a factor of two. Ground-based total atmospheric column trace gas abundances change synchronously and correlate well with simultaneous in situ point measurements during plume interceptions. Emission ratios of ∆NOx/∆CO2 and ∆SO2/∆CO2 derived from in situ atmospheric observations agree with those reported by in-stack monitors. Forward simulations using in-stack emissions agree with remote column CO2 and NO2 plume observations after fine scale adjustments. Both observed and simulated column ∆NO2/∆CO2 ratios indicate that a large fraction (70-75%) of the region is polluted. We demonstrate that the column emission ratios of ∆NO2/∆CO2 can resolve changes from day-to-day variation in sources with distinct emission factors (clean and dirty power plants, urban, and fires). We apportion these sources by using NO2, SO2, and CO as signatures. Our high-frequency remote sensing observations of CO2 and coemitted pollutants offer promise for the verification of power plant emission factors and abatement technologies from ground and space.
- Published
- 2014
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