Search

Hintergrund: Mit circa 1,1–1,4 Millionen Personen in Deutschland, die Benzodiazepine (BZD) und Z-Substanzen (ZS) in problematischer oder abhängiger Weise einnehmen, ist es notwendig, diese Gruppe in der medizinischen Versorgung sorgfältig zu beachten. Es ist jedoch bekannt, dass Betroffene [zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]

Hintergrund: Die S3-Leitlinie „Nicht-erholsamer Schlaf/Schlafstörungen“ empfiehlt, dass Benzodiazepine und Z-Substanzen nicht länger als vier Wochen eingenommen werden sollen. Es besteht die Gefahr einer Toleranzentwicklung, mit kognitiven und psychomotorischen Folgen sowie [zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]

This dataset resulted from a parallel monitoring at two lakes, Lake Tiefer See (near Klocksin, TSK; 53° 35.5’ N, 12° 31.8’ E; 62 masl; N Germany) and Lake Czechowskie (Jezioro Czechowskie, JC; 53° 52.4’ N, 18° 14.3’ E; 108 masl; N Poland), and includes four different type of data for both locations: (i) sediment cores microfacies data, (ii) sediment fluxes and composition, (iii) selected water column data, and (iv) selected meteorological information obtained on site. This dual lake monitoring set-up was established in 2012 with the aim to investigate seasonal sedimentation and varve forming processes in detail. The datasets are provided in individual *.csv files, per type of data and per lake. The thin section data from surface sediment cores comprises the thicknesses of the most recent calcite varves’ sub-layers: spring diatom sub-layer, summer calcite sub-layer, and autumn/winter re-suspension sub-layer. The sediment flux data was obtained from sediment traps located in different water depths (epi- and hypolimnion), and the sediment composition is given by the fluxes of total organic carbon (TOC), calcium carbonate (as calculated from total inorganic carbon; TIC), and diatoms & inorganic matter. The water column data comprises water temperature from stationary loggers, and dissolved oxygen measured in ~ 1 meter depth-resolution. The meteorological data includes daily averages of air temperature and mean wind-speed, and summed daily rainfall. Further details about the sampling and analytical methods, data acquisition, and processing are given in Roeser et al. (2021; http://doi.org/10.1111/bor.12506).

Hintergrund und Stand (inter)nationaler Forschung: Die S3-Leitlinie „Nicht-erholsamer Schlaf/Schlafstörungen“ empfiehlt, dass Benzodiazepine und Z-Substanzen nicht über zwei Monate eingenommen werden. Es besteht die Gefahr einer Toleranzentwicklung, mit kognitiven und psychomotorischen[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], 19. Deutscher Kongress für Versorgungsforschung (DKVF)

Staphylococcus aureus remains an important pathogen, which, due to its capability to develop antimicrobial resistance, imposes an increasing threat to human health. Developing preventive means to decrease disease burden is a major aim. However, the development of an S. aureus vaccine, which would be one strategy to achieve such goals, has been complicated through limited understanding of the bacterium’s pathogenic mechanisms. This work uses four approaches to address these limitations: Firstly, a reproducible RNA sequencing based method for the determination of gene transcription by S. aureus in vivo during mammalian infection. Secondly, examination of the impact of the bacterial transcription regulator “Rsp” on the bacterium, which shows that mutations in this gene have profound functional and transcriptional impacts. Thirdly, by examining the in vivo transcription of multiple S. aureus strains during infection, proposing a “core in vivo transcriptome” of induced genes under the conditions tested. Some of these genes are known to be involved in pathogenesis, others are not completely characterised and may represent suitable vaccine antigens. Finally, this work addresses limited understanding of S. aureus pathogenesis through defining transcriptional changes in vivo, which are induced by an altered immune response in immunised hosts. Together, this body of work contributes to the understanding of S. aureus pathogenesis and provides candidate antigens for future vaccine development.

Hintergrund: Vorstellung der Ergebnisse, Komplikationsquoten und Vorteile des fs-Lasers „Victus“ sowie Differenzierung von Wunschdenken und Realität. Methoden: Seit Juli 2012 wurden alle perioperativen Daten der fs-Laser-assistierten Kataraktchirurgie (FLACS) dokumentiert. Postoperative[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], 31. Kongress der Deutschsprachigen Gesellschaft für Intraokularlinsen-Implantation, Interventionelle und Refraktive Chirurgie (DGII)

Sinking organic matter in the North Atlantic Ocean transfers 1-3 Gt carbon year?1 from the surface ocean to the interior. The majority of this exported material is thought to be in form of large, rapidly sinking particles that aggregate during or after the spring phytoplankton bloom. However, recent work has suggested that intermittent water column stratification resulting in the termination of deep convection can isolate phytoplankton from the euphotic zone, leading to export of small particles. We present depth profiles of large (>0.1mm equivalent spherical diameter, ESD) and small (300m depth, leading to deep mixing of particles as deep as 600m. Subsequent re-stratification could trap these particles at depth and lead to high particle fluxes at depth without the need for aggregation (‘mixed layer pump'). Overall we suggest that pre-bloom fluxes to the mesopelagic are significant, and the role of small sinking particles requires careful consideration.

Purpose: To develop and validate a sensitive and specific method of abscess enumeration and quantification in a preclinical model of Staphylococcus aureus infection. Methods: S. aureus infected murine kidneys were fixed in paraformaldehyde, impregnated with gadolinium, and embedded in agar blocks which were imaged with a 9.4T MRI scanner. Image analysis techniques were developed which could identify and quantify abscesses. The result of this imaging was compared with histological examination. The impact of a S. aureus Sortase A vaccination regime was assessed using the technique. Results: Up to 32 murine kidneys could be imaged in a single MRI run, yielding images with voxels of about 25m3. S. aureus abscesses could be readily identified in blinded analyses of the kidneys after 3 days of infection, with low inter-observer variability. Comparison with histological sections shows a striking correlation between the two techniques: all presumptive abscesses identified by MRI were confirmed histologically, and histology identified no abscesses not evident on MRI. In view of this, simulations were performed assuming both MRI reconstruction and histology examining all sections of the tissue were fully sensitive and specific at abscess detection. This simulation showed that MRI provided more sensitive and precise estimates of abscess numbers and volume than histology unless at least 5 histological sections are taken through the long axis of the kidney. We used the MRI technique described to investigate the impact of a S. aureus Sortase A vaccine. Conclusion: Post mortem MRI scanning of large batches of fixed organs has application in the preclinical assessment of S. aureus vaccines.

(Objective) The aim of this pilot study was to determine risk factors, including Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage, for dermatitis in submariners during a submarine patrol. (Participants and Methods) 36 submariners undertaking a submerged six-week patrol participated in the study. Severity of dermatitis and its impact was assessed using visual analogue scales and questionnaires at baseline and weekly throughout the patrol. S. aureus carriage levels in submariners were determined by nasal swabbing at baseline and shortly before disembarking the submarine. Occurrence of any skin or soft tissue infections (SSTI) were reported to the medical officer and swabs of the area were taken for subsequent analysis. (Results) S. aureus carriers were significantly more likely than non-carriers to have previously received treatment for a cutaneous abscess (39% vs. 5%, OR = 13 (95% CI 1.3 to 130)) with a trend to being submariners longer (p=0.051). Skin scores at baseline and on patrol were not significantly associated with carriage status. Higher dermatitis scores were observed in those who had been submariners longer (p=0.045). Smoking and allergies were not found to be linked to carriage status or skin health score in this cohort. (Conclusions) This small pilot study investigates S. aureus carriage status and skin health in submariners. Length of submarine service but not S. aureus carriage was identified as a risk factor for worsening skin health in this small cohort during a 6-week patrol. This does not support S. aureus decolonisation to improve skin health in this population. Further investigation into causes of dermatitis in submariners is required. This data supports a better understanding of the potential impact of exposure to environmental factors that could affect skin health in submariners.

Fragestellung: Das Irvine-Gass-Syndrom ist eine postoperative Komplikation nach Katarakt-Operation, welche das Sehvermögen zeitweilig oder dauerhaft schädigen kann. Die Inzidenz eines visusbeeinträchtigenden cystoiden Maculaödems (CMÖ) wird in unseren Aufklärungsgesprächen[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 29. Kongress der Deutschsprachigen Gesellschaft für Intraokularlinsen-Implantation, Interventionelle und Refraktive Chirurgie (DGII)

Fragestellung: Die Femtolaser-assisitierte Katarakt-Chirurgie (FLACS) stößt auf großes Interesse. Bei wissenschaftlichen Vorträgen wird stark auf Prozessqualität abgehoben. Welche Verbesserung erfährt aber die Ergebnisqualität? Methodik: Wir haben bis zum [for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 28. Kongress der Deutschsprachigen Gesellschaft für Intraokularlinsen-Implantation, Interventionelle und Refraktive Chirurgie (DGII)

Fragestellung: Mit dem fs-Laser kann kornealer Astigmatismus durch arkuate Inzisionen reduziert werden. Bisher existierte kein valides Nomogramm, daher haben wir eines entwickelt. Methodik: Die Als epithelpenetrierend, 80% Stromatiefe, OZ = 8,5 mm, 2 symmetrische Inzisionen. Als Zielwert[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 28. Kongress der Deutschsprachigen Gesellschaft für Intraokularlinsen-Implantation, Interventionelle und Refraktive Chirurgie (DGII)