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High‐rate dissolution process of Ti–48Al–2Cr–2Nb alloy in electrochemical machining exhibits strong nonlinear dynamic characteristics, but the quantitative relationship between these nonlinear characteristics and surface topography, as well as the electro‐dissolution mechanism, is unknown. Therefore, the fractal and recursive features of dissolution behavior and quantitative characterization of the dissolved surface topography were investigated. Additionally, an electro‐dissolution mechanism model in electrochemical machining process was presented. Applying a higher potential of 11 V can enhance the stability of the electrochemical system, resulting in a smoother and uniform surface. The saturation correlation dimension, surface roughness, and integral area of lacunarity initially decrease before increasing with higher electrolytic pressure, while laminarity and determinism show an initial increase followed by a decrease. These five characteristic parameters reach their optimal values at an electrolyte pressure of 0.4 MPa, indicating that achieving a stable and deterministic electrochemical system is crucial for obtaining a uniform smooth surface. These nonlinear dynamic characteristic parameters can be considered as in‐situ monitoring parameters for surface quality in ECM. The anodic dissolution process comprises three stages: initial passive film dissolution and breakdown, rapid dissolving with surface coarsening, and stable dissolving with polishing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the experiment was to investigate the effects of mulberry leaves and other compound powders on the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, intestinal flora, and serum immune indexes of Lingshan Ma chickens. A total of 200 healthy 56-day-old Lingshan Ma chickens with similar body weight were randomly divided into four groups with five replicates per group and 10 chickens per replicate. The chickens in the control group were fed a basal diet, and the chickens in the group 1, group 2, and group 3 were fed a basal diet supplemented with 2.0%, 1.0%, and 0.5% mulberry leaves and other compound powders, respectively. The experiment lasted for 42 days. The results showed that compared with the control group, the average daily gain in the group 2 increased by 12.65% (P<0.05), and the feed to gain ratio significantly decreased (P<0.05). The number and diarrhea rate of Escherichia coli and Salmonella in the experimental groups significantly decreased (P<0.05), the activity of duodenal trypsin, amylase, lipase, and cecal cellulase significantly increased (P<0.05), and the serum IgG content increased by 40.69%, 49.88%, and 25.72%, respectively (P<0.05). The concentrations of serum TP, ALB, and GLB significantly increased (P<0.05), and the A/G significantly decreased (P<0.05). The study indicates that mulberry leaves and other compound powders can increase the growth performance and digestive enzyme activity, decrease the diarrhea rate, improve the serum biochemical indexes and immune function of Lingshan Ma chickens, and the appropriate amount is 1.0%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]