Search

Author(s): Meng-Ju Lin[sup.1], Tung-Hung Su[sup.2,3], Chieh-Chang Chen[sup.2], Wei-Kai Wu[sup.4], Shih-Jer Hsu[sup.2], Tai-Chung Tseng[sup.2,3,4], Sih-Han Liao[sup.5], Chun-Ming Hong[sup.6], Hung-Chih Yang[sup.2], Chun-Jen Liu[sup.2,3,7], Ming-Shiang Wu[sup.2] and Jia-Horng Kao[sup.2,3,4,7] Correction: Gut Pathogens (2023) [...]

Macrophages play a pivotal role in the response to injury, contributing significantly to the repair and regrowth of damaged tissues. The external lateral line system in aquatic organisms offers a practical model for studying regeneration, featuring interneuromast cells connecting sensory neuromasts. Under normal conditions, these cells remain dormant, but their transformation into neuromasts occurs when overcoming inhibitory signals from Schwann cells and posterior lateral line nerves. The mechanism enabling interneuromast cells to evade inhibition by Schwann cells remains unclear. Previous observations suggest that macrophages physically interact with neuromasts, nerves, and Schwann cells during regeneration. This interaction leads to the regeneration of neuromasts in a subset of zebrafish with ablated neuromasts. To explore whether macrophages achieve this effect through secreted cytokines, we conducted experiments involving tail amputation in zebrafish larvae and tested the impact of cytokine inhibitors on neuromast regeneration. Most injured larvae remarkably regenerated a neuromast within 4 days post‐amputation. Intriguingly, removal of macrophages and inhibition of the anti‐inflammatory cytokine transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β) significantly delayed neuromast regeneration. Conversely, inhibition of the pro‐inflammatory cytokines interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) had minor effects on the regeneration process. This study provides insights into how macrophages activate interneuromast cells, elucidating the pathways underlying neuromast regeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, studies on the dynamic responses of cracked beams are quite worthy of being conferred. The theoretical dynamic properties of cracked beams previously obtained by La-DQM method were utilized to evaluate the maximum amplitudes of cracked beams. A comparatively new concept which utilized the controller gain to suppress the transverse vibration response of cracked beams in the perspective of proportional control scheme was proposed. A simulation study which applied an active control strategy to suppress the amplitude of vibration on the cracked beams with MATLAB SIMULINK software has been successfully accomplished. The maximum dynamic response of cracked beams is found to be inversely proportional to controller gain. Increasing the controller gain properly to control the vibration of the cracked beams is suggested in this study.

In this article, the notched strengths of asymmetric woven hybrid laminates were studied by using both experiment and the finite element-based point stress criterion (FEMPSC). It was experimentally shown that the notched strength decreases with the increase of hole radius for all the laminates machined by water jet cut, drilling, and milling. Particularly, it is noted that the notched strength of specimens of the same hole size made by water jet cut is obviously higher than those made by both drilling and milling, due to stress redistribution. The results also indicate that the notched strengths predicted by FEMPSC agree well with the experimental data, with only a 4% margin of error. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]