Search

The Nasinuan Community Forest is publicly accessible and conserved to ensure sustainable utilization, guided by the royal initiative spearheaded by Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn. Previous studies have highlighted the remarkable presence of microbial and plant biodiversity in this forest, suggesting that the contained plant species may possess distinctive attributes. This study investigated the volatile organic compositions (VOCs) and antioxidant activity of concretes derived from plants within this forest. Nineteen varieties were extracted using hexane. Headspace technique of gas chromatographymass spectrometry identified various antioxidants and compounds, including 4H-Pyran-4-one, 2,3-dihydro-3,5-dihydroxy-6 in Ellipanthus tomentosus subsp. tomentosus and acetic acid in several species. Octodrine, a weight loss dietary supplement, was detected in Acacia auriculiformis and Dipterocarpus obtusifolius. Promising antioxidant capacity was observed in Pentacme siamensis, Xylia xylocarpa var. kerrii, Breynia glauca, and Peltophorum dasyrachis var. dasyrhachis, displaying moderate inhibition activity by °OH (hydroxyl radical scavenging) assay. Furthermore, Shorea obtusa and Dipterocarpus obtusifolius exhibited high inhibition activity of over 80% by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay. B. glauca and Amorphophallus brevispathus exhibited the highest inhibitory activity levels >85% by ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) assay. Notably, Naringi crenulata measured the highest activity levels by the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. This study presents the first documentation of the antioxidant abilities of concretes derived from the bark of Sindora siamensis var. maritima and Shorea obtusa. However, further research and development are required to explore the pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications of these potent plant-derived concretes with high antioxidant capacities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to apply fractional factorial and multi-response optimization designs using desirability function approach for developing topical microemulsions. Minoxidil (MX) was used as a model drug. Limonene was used as an oil phase. Based on solubility, Tween 20 and caprylocaproyl polyoxyl-8 glycerides were selected as surfactants, propylene glycol and ethanol were selected as co-solvent in aqueous phase. Experiments were performed according to a two-level fractional factorial design to evaluate the effects of independent variables: Tween 20 concentration in surfactant system (X1), surfactant concentration (X2), ethanol concentration in co-solvent system (X3), limonene concentration (X4) on MX solubility (Y1), permeation flux (Y2), lag time (Y3), deposition (Y4) of MX microemulsions. It was found thatY1increased with increasingX3and decreasingX2,X4; whereasY2increased with decreasingX1,X2and increasingX3. WhileY3was not affected by these variables,Y4increased with decreasingX1,X2. Three regression equations were obtained and calculated for predicted values of responsesY1,Y2andY4. The predicted values matched experimental values reasonably well with high determination coefficient. By using optimal desirability function, optimized microemulsion demonstrating the highest MX solubility, permeation flux and skin deposition was confirmed as low level ofX1,X2andX4but high level ofX3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of propylene glycol (PG), ethanol (EtOH) and sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) on thein vitrodeposition and permeation of finasteride (FNS). A side-by-side diffusion cell mounted with a pig ear skin and a saturated solution of FNS in PG (10, 20% v/v), EtOH (10, 20% v/v) or SLS (0.5, 1% w/v) vehicles were used. Incorporation of PG, EtOH or SLS caused a significant increase in FNS solubility both in the solution and on the skin with SLS > EtOH > PG. The results obtained from skin deposition studies showed that the FNS deposition rate and time increased in the same order as that of the solubility. The deposition kinetics of FNS solubilized in PG, EtOH and SLS vehicles followed either zero-order, square-root-of-time or pseudo-first-order kinetic models depending on the type and concentration of the enhancer. The permeation studies demonstrated that FNS permeation fluxes were enhanced only by EtOH vehicles. These results suggest that PG and SLS could be used as deposition enhancers, while EtOH could be the effective permeation enhancer of FNS. The obtained results can be used as the considerable insights for formulating the topical and transdermal products of FNS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]