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Aims: To explore how long‐term and late effects of paediatric brain tumours influence the everyday lives of survivors at various ages and their parents. Design: A qualitative interview study using reflexive thematic analysis. Methods: We conducted individual interviews and focus groups with 14 paediatric brain tumour survivors aged 9–52 years and 16 parents, which were audiorecorded and transcribed. We inductively analyzed the data using Braun and Clarke's reflexive thematic analysis. Inductively derived themes were then mapped onto the components of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health framework to examine the survivors' everyday functioning. Results: All survivors experienced ongoing long‐term and late effects but with considerable variations in how these restricted the survivors' functioning and thus their ability to participate in everyday life activities (e.g. social, educational and work activities). All survivors expressed an explicit focus on and use of different strategies to manage their perceived functional limitations and participation restrictions. Many survivors expressed discrepancies between their own goals, expectations and actual abilities post‐cancer; making them very aware of their limitations. In addition, many survivors and parents experienced ongoing concerns about the survivors' future, including the risk of late effects, relapse or other complications. Conclusion: A wide range of long‐term and late effects continue to affect the survivors and their parents' functioning and everyday lives. Their ongoing needs emphasize the importance of comprehensive, life‐long follow‐up care, as recommended. Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care: The complex challenges across the biopsychosocial realms faced by the survivors supports the call for multidisciplinary survivorship care. Nurses are well positioned to lead such care, as they are trained to provide holistic care and thereby support survivors' functioning and activity participation in everyday life. Reporting Method: We used the COREQ guidelines when reporting the study. Patient or Public Contribution: Two user representatives (one young adult PBT survivor and one mother of a PBT survivor) ensured the relevance and quality of the semi‐structured interview guides prior to the interviews with the survivors and parents. The guides were sent to the user representatives by mail, and they provided their written feedback by mail to the first author. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Venous access port is commonly used during cancer treatment in children, yet little is known about how children experience such needle insertion procedures. Aim: To study distress before and pain after venous access port needle insertion among children and adolescents with cancer. A second aim was to explore associations between their self‐report of procedure‐related distress and pain with proxy reports by parents and nurses. Method: The sample included 43 children/adolescents, aged 1–16 years with cancer, treated at two Norwegian university hospitals. The patient, parent(s), and the nurse performing the procedure completed developmentally appropriate 11‐point distress and pain scales before and immediately after the venous access port procedure. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and non‐parametric correlations. Ethical issues: The ethical code of conduct was followed and conformed to the ethical guidelines adopted by the Regional Committee for Medicine and Health Research and the data protector officer at the hospitals. Results: For the youngest children (1–5 years), the median distress proxy score was 8 (range 0–9) and pain proxy score 4 (range 0–10). Median distress and pain scores for children aged 6–12 years were 3 (range 0–9) and 1 (range 0–10), respectively, and for the adolescents (age 13–16) 0 (range 0–6) and 1 (range 0–5), respectively. Patients' self‐reported distress and pain correlated highly with parents' (distress: rho = 0.83, p < 0.001, pain: rho = 0.92, p < 0.001) and with nurses' proxy ratings (distress: rho = 0.89, p < 0.001, pain: rho = 0.88, p < 0.001). Conclusion: There were individual age differences in experienced distress/pain associated with venous access port needle insertion, with a trend for younger children to experience higher levels of distress/ pain than the older children. Children's self‐report of distress/ pain concurred with both parental and nurse proxy reports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Anthracycline-based chemotherapy has been mainstay of adjuvant breast cancer therapy for decades. Although effective, anthracyclines place long-term breast cancer survivors at risk of late effects, such as reduced cardiorespiratory fitness and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Previous research has shown beneficial effects of exercise training on cardiorespiratory fitness, but the effects of exercise on limiting factors for cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiovascular risk factors, and patient-reported outcomes in long-term survivors are less clear. Whether previous exposure to breast cancer therapy modulates the effects of exercise is also unknown., Objective: The primary aim of the CAUSE (Cardiovascular Survivors Exercise) trial is to examine the effect of aerobic exercise on cardiorespiratory fitness in anthracycline-treated long-term breast cancer survivors. Secondary aims are to examine effects of exercise training on limiting factors for cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiovascular risk factors, and patient-reported outcomes, and to compare baseline values and effects of exercise training between similar-aged women with and those without prior breast cancer. A third aim is to examine the 24-month postintervention effects of aerobic exercise on primary and secondary outcomes., Methods: The CAUSE trial is a 2-armed randomized controlled trial, where 140 long-term breast cancer survivors, 8-12 years post diagnosis, are assigned to a 5-month nonlinear aerobic exercise program with 3 weekly sessions or to standard care. Seventy similar-aged women with no history of cancer will undergo the same exercise program. Cardiorespiratory fitness measured as peak oxygen consumption (VO 2peak ), limiting factors for VO 2peak (eg, cardiac function, pulmonary function, hemoglobin mass, blood volume, and skeletal muscle characteristics), cardiovascular risk factors (eg, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, physical activity level, and smoking status), and patient-reported outcomes (eg, body image, fatigue, mental health, and health-related quality of life) will be assessed at baseline, post intervention, and 24 months post intervention., Results: A total of 209 patients were included from October 2020 to August 2022, and postintervention assessments were completed in January 2023. The 24-month follow-up will be completed in February 2025., Conclusions: The findings from the CAUSE trial will provide novel scientific understanding of the potential benefits of exercise training in long-term breast cancer survivors., Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04307407; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04307407., International Registered Report Identifier (irrid): DERR1-10.2196/45244., (©Tormod Skogstad Nilsen, Mali Sæter, Sebastian Imre Sarvari, Kristin Valborg Reinertsen, Sara Hassing Johansen, Elisabeth Rustad Edvardsen, Jostein Hallén, Elisabeth Edvardsen, May Grydeland, Cecilie Essholt Kiserud, Hanne Cathrine Lie, Paul André Solberg, Torbjørn Wisløff, Adam Philip Sharples, Truls Raastad, Kristina Hermann Haugaa, Lene Thorsen. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (https://www.researchprotocols.org), 15.03.2023.)