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Background/Objectives: Recent guidelines on early intervention in children at high risk of cerebral palsy (CP) recommend parental involvement and family-centered home-based interventions with parents as primary trainers. Therapist coaching by home visitation is resource demanding, and telerehabilitation is a viable option for remote intervention and coaching. This study aims to describe parents' experiences of engaging in Baby-mCIMT coached remotely. Their infants are at high risk of unilateral cerebral palsy and the parents have been the primary trainers in regard to home-based intervention, optimizing the use of the affected hand. Methods: A qualitative approach involving semi-structured interviews with eight parents was employed. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: The overarching theme "Parents in the driver's seat-learning through remote coaching to create conditions to enhance the child's motor skills" describes parents' experiences as primary training providers. The following three underlying categories with subcategories were identified: (1) Baby-mCIMT coached remotely in an everyday context-practical and technical prerequisites; (2) the child's response and the therapists' coaching supports active parental learning; (3) capability and sense of control-strengthening and demanding aspects. Conclusions: Our findings revealed that Baby-mCIMT coached remotely empowered the parents as primary trainers, which provided them with opportunities for understanding and learning about their child and their development. The findings underscore the importance of responsive professional guidance and a strong therapist-parent relationship to succeed with the Baby-mCIMT program coached remotely and to manage the digital coaching format., This research was funded by the Linnea and Josef Carlsson Foundation, Stiftelsen för Barnmedicinsk forskning, Linkoping, Queen Silvia’s Jubilee Fund, and the Joanna Cocozza Foundation.

Introduction Previous research has shown that nursing home applicants had negative experiences of living and receiving care in their ordinary housing due to several factors, such as difficulties in everyday activities and being depressed. However, whether these experiences stand solely for nursing home applicants, or are common in an older population in general needs to be investigated. Aim of this study was to compare nursing home applicants with matched older adults with respect to difficulties in everyday life, life satisfaction and depressive mood. Methods Using a case-control design, 34 participants (17 in each group) were compared using Wilcoxon signed rank test for continuous variables and McNemar test for binary variables. The magnitude of associations was explored using conditional logistic regression. Results Nursing home applicants experienced more difficulties in daily life and were more depressed than their matched peers, and this difference between groups was significant. To experience several difficulties in everyday life and being depressed increased the odds for a nursing home application. Conclusions As aging in place is the societal norm, older adults with increased likelihood of nursing home applications need to be identified and catered for in an early stage, to prevent nursing home admission.

Introduction Societal norms and policies encourage older adults to age and receive care in their home, referred to as ageing in place. Nevertheless, Swedish older adults apply for nursing home admission. To understand how ageing in place better could be supported, the aim was to study descriptions of older adults’ reasons for applying to a nursing home in documents of granted nursing home decisions. Methods 160 granted nursing home decisions underwent document analysis, to study if reasons occurred due to person, environmental or occupational factors according to occupational theory model Canadian Model of Occupation Performance- Engagement. Result Several factors in different parts of life were experienced to lead to a nursing home application, e.g., multiple impairments, anxiety, loneliness, or longing to be closer to relatives or healthcare staff. Additionally, reasons could also be recommendations from healthcare staff or that a spouse didn´t want to live together with support from home-based care. Conclusions The results highlight societal injustices that occurred for older adults who age in place, which expedited the applications. The documents described how ageing in place shrunk their opportunities for activity, social cohesion, and the possibility to proximity to staff.

Background Parenting demands a high degree of attention, planning, and problem-solving, including time management, demands that can be challenging for parents with ADHD. Let’s Get Organized (LGO) is an occupational therapy group intervention aiming at developing skills in time management, organisation and planning. There is a need to investigate if LGO may have an impact also on parenting. Aim To describe how parents with ADHD experienced the intervention, their time management strategies, parenting and family life after the occupational therapy group intervention LGO. Method Interviews were performed with 15 parents with ADHD, after completing LGO. Data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results The findings are described in one overarching main category, Active parenting and better relations within and outside the family through daily time management with three underlying generic categories: Let’s Get Organized facilitates empowerment in daily life; The individual and family – both facilitators of and obstacles to implementation of time management strategies; and A changed parenting and family life. Conclusions and significance Participants experienced a positive impact on time management skills after LGO, which generated more active parenting and better predictability in the whole family. LGO can be a valuable intervention for parents with ADHD.

Background Limited time management skills cause problems in daily life for people with mild intellectual disability (ID) and “Let’s Get Organized” (LGO) is a promising manual-based occupational therapy group intervention aiming to support management skills. Aims/Objectives To evaluate the applicability of the Swedish version of LGO-S by i) exploring enhancements in time management skills, satisfaction with daily occupations, and aspects of executive functioning in people with time-management difficulties and mild ID, and ii) describing clinical experiences of using the LGO-S for people with mild ID. Material and methods Twenty-one adults with mild ID were included. Data were collected pre-/post-intervention and at 3- and 12-month follow-ups with: Swedish version of Assessment of Time Management Skills (ATMS-S), Satisfaction with Daily Occupation (SDO-13), and Weekly Calendar Planning Activity (WCPA-SE). There were few follow-up participants (n = 6-9). Results Significant change in time management skills that maintained at 12-months follow-ups. Significant increase in regulation of emotions at 12-month follow-up. Results at 12-months follow-up indicated sustainability in outcomes as measured by ATMS-S. A non-significant positive trend was observed in other outcomes between pre- and post-intervention. Conclusions and significance LGO-S seems applicable for improving skills in time management, organisation and planning also for people with mild ID.

BACKGROUND: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with sedentary lifestyle, low quality of life and low physical fitness. Studies in children with ADHD have shown that regular physical exercise can help reduce core ADHD symptoms, but evidence for this is lacking in adults. Although guidelines recommend multi-modal treatment, central stimulants (CS) remain the mainstay of treatment. CS are effective in the short-term, but their long-term efficacy remains to be established. There is thus huge unmet need for developing non-pharmacological treatment options, and for well-designed randomized controlled trials (RCTs). OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to test the feasibility and tolerability of structured moderate-intensity 12-week physical exercise program for adults with ADHD, as a prelude to an adequately powered RCT which includes long-term follow-up. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fourteen adults with ADHD were recruited, 9 randomized to an intervention group and 5 to a control group. The intervention group received physiotherapist-led 50-minute mixed exercise program, three times a week for 12 weeks, and the control group treatment as usual. Participants were assessed at baseline and after 6 and 12 weeks using clinical and physical evaluations, self-rating questionnaires, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) together with paradigms that tested attention, impulsivity and emotion regulation. RESULTS: Three participants (21%) dropped out shortly after inclusion before receiving any intervention, while roughly 80% completed the intervention according to protocol. One participant from the intervention group participated in less than 60% of treatment sessions, and one who had done baseline fMRI was unwilling to do post-intervention imaging. Four participants in the intervention group (67%) reported increased stress in prioritizing the intervention due to time-management difficulties. Overall, consistent trends were observed that indicated the feasibil, Funding agency:ALF

Home-based care is expanding, and we need to know more about what kind of support older adults need and how such support should be designed. One way to gain more knowledge is to study the experiences that underlie a nursing home application. However, older adults in need of nursing homes are often too weak to participate in research. Thus, this study aimed to describe the experiences of close relatives of the daily life of older adults in need of a nursing home. A qualitative approach was used, where fifteen relatives of nursing home applicants in central Sweden were interviewed using a study-specific interview guide. The interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. The findings are presented in one main theme "Being the person who manages a fragile life situation" with three underlying themes: Balancing and fulfilling expectations, striving to achieve a status quo, experiencing a breaking point, a change is inevitable, and waiting and moving into a nursing home, a period of tension. The main theme describes how the participants contributed to managing the older adults' life situation and acted as a representative in contacts with health and social care. They tried to offer support in their daily life but over time experienced a breaking point when ageing in place was no longer sustainable, resulting in a nursing home application. The rationale for a nursing home application was often a combination of the older adult's own wishes and the fact that their relatives felt there was a combined need for extensive care and physical proximity to staff, which cannot be provided in ordinary housing. Sometimes the decision to apply was also based on relatives no longer having the capacity to continue managing an older adult's fragile situation.

Background: Core symptoms in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity. Many individuals with this disorder also have a sedentary lifestyle, co-morbid mental illness such as depressive and anxiety disorders, and reduced quality of life. People with ADHD often have impaired executive function, which among other things may include difficulty in time management and structuring of everyday life. Pharmacological treatment is often the first-line option, but non-pharmacological treatment is also available and is used in clinical settings. In children and adolescents with ADHD, physical exercise is used as a non-pharmacological treatment. However, the evidence for the effectiveness of exercise in adults is sparse. Objective: To implement the START intervention (START = Stöd i Aktivitet, Rörelse och Träning [Support in activity, movement and exercise]) consisting of a 12-week, structured mixed exercise programme with or without a cognitive intervention, in adults with ADHD, and study whether it has an effect on core symptoms of ADHD as well as physical, cognitive, mental and everyday functioning compared with usual treatment. A secondary aim is to investigate the participants' experiences of the intervention and its possible benefits, and to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of START compared with usual treatment. Methods: This is a randomized controlled trial planned to be conducted in 120 adults with ADHD, aged 18-65. The intervention will be given as an add-on to standard care. Participants will be randomized to three groups. Group 1 will be given a physiotherapist-led mixed exercise programme for 12 weeks. Group 2 will receive the same intervention as group 1 with the addition of occupational therapist-led cognitive skills training. Group 3 will be the control group who will receive standard care only. The primary outcome will be reduction of ADHD symptoms measured using the World Health Organization (WHO) Adult ADHD Se

BACKGROUND: Time-management skills are essential in handling daily life, and adults with neurodevelopmental disorders often have difficulty with these skills. Therefore, interventions targeting such skills are common in occupational therapy. The Assessment of Time-Management Skills (ATMS) is a self-rated instrument for measuring time-management skills. AIM: This study aims to evaluate the test-retest reliability of the Swedish version of the ATMS (ATMS-S). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 33 participants with neurodevelopmental disorders and difficulty with time management completed the test twice, approximately 1 week apart. The test-retest reliability for the three subscales in the ATMS-S was analyzed using intraclass correlation coefficients. The smallest detectable change was calculated to determine the precision of individual ATMS units. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The results showed overall moderate to good stability for the measures. The intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.79 (time management), 0.82 (organization and planning), and 0.50 (regulation of emotions) for the three subscales, and the smallest detectable changes were 9.5, 6.9, and 15.7 ATMS units for the respective subscales. These results suggest that the ATMS-S is a sufficiently stable tool for measuring time management and organization and planning skills in adults with neurodevelopmental disorders, but may be less reliable for measuring emotional regulation., Funding agencies:University Health Care Research Center, Region Örebro County

BACKGROUND: Swedish social policy enables ageing in place with support from home-based care services despite high age and/or declining health. AIM: This study aims to describe the daily life experiences behind the decision to apply for a nursing home placement in older adults ageing in place. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A qualitative design was chosen, and 11 semi-structured interviews were conducted and analysed using inductive qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: The participants described a feeling of dependence in which they had to ignore their personal privacy when receiving home-based care. They reached a turning point when ageing in place was, for several reasons, no longer considered an acceptable option. This influenced their choice to apply to a nursing home where they expected that they could maintain control over their lives. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The results indicate that when enhancing ageing in place it is important to enable older adults to receive support to maintain autonomy in daily activities and to have the opportunity to age in the right place., Funding agency:Research School on Successful Ageing, Örebro University, Sweden

BACKGROUND: Time management skills are essential to maintain occupations in everyday life. People with neurodevelopmental or mental disorders often experience persistent difficulties with managing time and organizing daily life, consequently, there is a need to establish interventions with sustainable results. AIM: The aim was to perform a one-year post-intervention follow-up after the intervention Let's Get Organized (LGO-S) for people with neurodevelopmental or mental disorders. METHODS: The study is a one-year follow-up of a single group pre-test-post-test design. Thirty-eight persons with difficulties in time management due to neurodevelopmental or mental disorders participated. Instruments to collect data were Assessment of Time Management Skills; Weekly Calendar Planning Activity and the Satisfaction with Daily Occupations instrument. Wilcoxons's signed-rank test was used to compare data over time. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the participants' outcomes between post-intervention and one-year follow-up in time management skills and regulation of emotions, satisfaction with daily occupations, and global satisfaction. A significant improvement could be seen in the subscale organization and planning at the one-year follow-up compared to post-intervention. CONCLUSIONS: Improvements in time management skills, organization, and planning, regulation of emotions, and satisfaction with daily occupations after the LGO-S can be maintained in the long term.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of multi-grip myoelectric prosthetic hands on performance of daily activities, pain-related disability and prosthesis use, in comparison with single-grip myoelectric prosthetic hands. DESIGN: Single-case AB design. PATIENTS: Nine adults with upper-limb loss participated in the study. All had previous experience of single-grip myoelectric prostheses and were prescribed a prosthesis with multi-grip functions. METHODS: To assess the changes in daily activities, pain-related disability and prosthesis use between single-grip and multi-grip myoelectric prosthetic hands, the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, Pain Disability Index, and prosthesis wearing time were measured at multiple time-points. Visual assessment of graphs and multi-level linear regression were used to assess changes in the outcome measures. RESULTS: At 6 months' follow-up self-perceived performance and satisfaction scores had increased, prosthesis wearing time had increased, and pain-related disability had reduced in participants with musculoskeletal pain at baseline. On average, 8 of the 11 available grip types were used. Most useful were the power grip, tripod pinch and lateral pinch. CONCLUSION: The multi-grip myoelectric prosthetic hand has favourable effects on performance of, and satisfaction with, individually chosen activities, prostheses use and pain-related disability. A durable single-grip myoelectric prosthetic hand may still be needed for heavier physical activities. With structured training, a standard 2-site electrode control system can be used to operate a multi-grip myoelectric prosthetic hand.

Introduction: Ageing in place, is in most European societies a social norm and is made possible by home-based care services and by support from relatives. Yet some older adults describe ageing in place as an unsatisfying life situation and instead apply for a nursing home. Thus, relatives supporting these older adults´ daily lives are part of that experience but the knowledge of how that unsatisfying experience is shared by the relatives is limited. Hence, the study aimed to describe experiences of being a relative to a nursing home applicant. Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted by phone with 15 relatives (spouse n=2, children n=13) to nursing home applicants. The data was collected in year 2020 during the covid-19 pandemic. Interviews were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach according to Braun and Clark. Results: Preliminary results show that the relatives have many expectations to handle, both from themselves, the nursing home applicant and healthcare. In addition, the covid-19 pandemic made it difficult to fulfill the expectations and the relatives consider both their own and the nursing home applicant’s situation as fragile. Final themes will be presented at the conference. Conclusion: Increased understanding of what experiences that influence everyday activities when ageing in place, could facilitate occupational therapists’ work with older adults living at home. For example, relatives should be included at an early stage of the occupational therapy process in order to provide insight into which areas of daily life occupational therapists should prioritize and support.

Background: To perform daily activities, time management and organizational skills are essential and therefore also important intervention focus in occupational therapy. To guide and evaluate intervention, valid and reliable instruments that measure time management and organization skills are necessary. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Assessment of Time Management Skills (ATMS). Methods: Eligible participants were volunteer adults from the general population who were aged between 18 and 65 years, had a good understanding of English, and were not currently involved in any training or education to improve time management. The ATMS was filled out as a computer-administered survey. Rasch measurement analysis was used to evaluate the validity and aspects of reliability of the ATMS. Results: In total, 241 adults (112 male and 129 female, mean age = 40) participated. The analysis of principal components of residuals (PCA) and the item goodness-of-fit indicated that the 30-item scale does not measure only one single trait. Three subscales, time management (11 items), organization and planning (11 items), and regulation of emotion (5 items), were detected. One item each on the 11-item subscale showed misfit, but they were kept due to high relevance. All three subscales showed excellent results on analyses of PCA, local independence, and reliability. Conclusions and Relevance: ATMS can provide valid measures of time management, organization and planning skills, and regulation of emotion in a general population and presumably also in a population with cognitive impairment. The measure is useful for occupational therapists in assessing patients' strengths and barriers in time management skills. It can also be useful in identifying the necessity of training time management skills, to guide OT intervention programs and to evaluate interventions. What This Article Adds: Knowledge about the psychometric properties and usefulness of the ATMS, Funding agencies:Centrum foer Klinisk Forskning Dalarna, Region Dalarna, SwedenUniversity Health Care Research Center in Örebro, SwedenÖrebro universitet, Sweden

IMPORTANCE: Time management is crucial for managing daily activities but is difficult for many people with neurodevelopmental or mental disorders. Few sustainable interventions have addressed time management in daily life. OBJECTIVE: To describe the experiences and meaning of attending the Swedish version of the Let's Get Organized (LGO-S) group intervention. DESIGN: Qualitative design with interviews 1 to 4 mo after the completed intervention. SETTING: Outpatient psychiatric and adult habilitation clinics. PARTICIPANTS: Twelve adults with neurodevelopmental or mental disorders. INTERVENTION: LGO-S, a manual-based group intervention that focuses on time-management skills. Outcomes and Measures: Semistructured interviews analyzed with qualitative content analysis. All authors took an active part in the analysis process; consensus was reached. RESULTS: The overarching theme, "a roller-coaster process toward control over time in daily life," describes the participants' process during and after intervention. Four main categories describe the meaning of understanding why time management is difficult and how to use tools for improvement, a process of change that was facilitated by the learning environment. Participants described the process as a struggle to take control over time, but they noted that the positive changes in daily life made it worthwhile. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Participation had a positive impact on daily life. The opportunity for skills training with support over an extended period, a changed view on failure, and the group format appear to be important success factors. What This Article Adds: The LGO-S, with its structured training of time-management skills, contributes to occupational therapy practice with an intervention that clients experience as bringing meaningful and positive changes to daily life functioning.

Background: Training is crucial to develop the ability to operate a myoelectric prosthetic hand and use it in daily life. Multigrip prostheses, with their wider repertoire of functions, require further training. Because studies show that prosthesis abandonment is an issue and the advanced functions are not used to the expected extent, the question of what training should be offered to patients arises. If the available training methods were synthesized, the training could be improved to the benefit of the people who are fitted with a multigrip prosthesis. Objective: To critically examine the content of published sources for training of users with myoelectric multigrip hand prostheses. Study design: Scoping review. Methods: A literature search covering the period 2007-2020 in the databases PubMed, CINAHL, and Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, as well as gray literature from prosthesis manufacturers, identified 2,005 sources. After full-text review of 88 articles and four user manuals from manufacturers, nine sources were included and analyzed in their entirety. Results: We found few descriptions of multigrip prosthesis training, and no source described all training phases in detail. Integration of the prosthesis and training in daily activities was described least. Few sources actually described how to perform training in multigrip functions, and none described how to integrate these functions in daily life. Conclusions: Existing training instructions for using multigrip prosthetic hands are inadequate, providing poor guidance to clinicians and insufficient training for patients. Further research is needed into the efficiency of various training methods.

Time management is a key OT intervention component. Valid and reliable instruments are essential for evaluating rehabilitation and OT interventions. The results of this study show that the Assessment of Time Management Skills has good measurement properties and consistent and replicable items and is useful in English-speaking countries. It can provide valid measures of time management skills, organization and planning skills, and regulation of emotion in a general population and presumably also a population with cognitive impairment.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the Swedish version of the Let's Get Organized (LGO-S) intervention, aiming to support time-management habits and organizational skills, by exploring possible enhancements in time management skills and satisfaction with daily occupations, in people with time-management difficulties due to intellectual disability. Method: A pre-test post-test design study including 23 adult participants with mild intellectual disabilities who reported difficulties in daily time management affecting their functioning in daily life negatively. Instruments used: Assessment of Time Management Skills (ATMS-S), Weekly Calendar Planning Activity (WCPA-SE) and Satisfaction with Daily Occupation measure (SDO-13). Intervention: The group intervention contained ten occasions one per week. Data was collected pre-and post-intervention, and 3- and 12-months follow-ups. Results: The main preliminary findings were significant changes, post-intervention and at 3- and 12-months follow-ups in organization and planning, and at the 3-month follow-up in time management skills. The results at 12-month follow-up indicated sustainability in outcomes measured by ATMS-S. A non-significant but positive trend was observed in other outcomes between pre- and post- intervention. Conclusions: Improvement with indicated sustainability in in organization and planning and in time management skills might be possible for persons with intellectual disabilities when participating in LGO group intervention.

Introduction: Different factors in the environment influence the use of powered wheelchairs or powered scooters, i.e. powered mobility devices (PMDs), but there is limited knowledge about how these factors interact and if any factor has a greater impact. According to the ICF the environment consists of five areas. Aim: To describe users' experiences of how environmental factors from all ICF areas influence the use of PMDs. Methods: Descriptive qualitative design including 14 interviews with PMD users, analyzed using inductive qualitative content analysis. Findings: Use of PMDs means a conditional freedom depending on the interaction of several environmental factors. Regardless of environmental factor the societal attitudes were always present, directly or indirectly, and influenced the participants' feeling of being included and involved in society. The environmental factors and how they influence PMD use are described in four categories, comprising the following subjects: societal attitudes, the service delivery process, accessibility to the physical environment and financial resources. Conclusion: The findings show that societal attitudes influence all other factors, directly by others people's attitudes, or indirectly by how legislation and guidelines are formulated, interpreted and applied. Therefore, a change of societal attitudes seems necessary to increase accessibility and participation for PMD users., Funding Agencies:Uppsala-Örebro Regional Research Council Research Committee of Örebro County Council, Sweden

LGO is a promising tool for improving time management and organizational skills. The aim of this study was to describe the experiences and meaning of attending the LGO intervention. Participants described a roller coaster process toward control in daily life where successes and setbacks were mixed. Most participants experienced meaningful and positive changes in daily life, such as getting more things done, increased control, and safety.

PURPOSE: The Weekly Calendar Planning Activity is a performance test aiming to examine how subtle problems with executive functioning influence the performance of multi-step activities in daily life. The purpose of this study was to explore the Swedish version of the Weekly Calendar Planning Activity, regarding test-retest reliability and possible learning effects. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-four adults with psychiatric, neurodevelopmental or mild intellectual disorders and with difficulties in executive functioning performed the test on three separate occasions, with two weeks apart. Test-retest reliability was determined using intraclass correlation coefficients. Possible learning effects were evaluated. The smallest detectable change was calculated to determine the precision of individual scores. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The intraclass correlation coefficients between the first two test occasions were weak (0.42-0.66), but were acceptable to excellent (0.65-0.91) between test occasions 2 and 3. There was a considerable amount of random variation in the results, but little systematic variation, indicating no or possibly a small learning effect in the total number of accurately recorded appointments. This variation indicates a need to use two consecutive baseline measurements when the Swedish version of the Weelky Calendar Planning Acitivity is used as an outcome measure. Together, our results suggest that the Swedish version of the Weelky Calendar Planning Acitivity is a useful performance-based measure of how subtle problems in executive functioning affects activity performance. Implications for rehabilitation: Executive functioning is crucial for managing daily life, and ecologically valid tests are needed to measure such functioning. The Weekly Calendar Planning Activity is a new performance-based test using a task that is relevant to daily life. The outcomes obtained in the Weekly Calendar Planning Activity are highly useful in clinical practice. The day-to-d

Aim: The aim of this study was to describe how nurses and occupational therapists in municipal care of older people define and implement patient participation in their daily work. Design: This study had a cross-sectional design. Data were collected using an online questionnaire. Methods: The questionnaire had both closed and open-ended questions. One-hundred and fourteen nurses and occupational therapists responded. Data were analysed with descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Results: Two main themes were identified as follows: "The professionals’ perspective at the centre - Patient participation to enhance compliance" and "The patients’ perspective at the centre - Patient participation as an ongoing process." The themes covered a continuum. On one extreme, patient participation was equated with making the patient comply with what the professionals wanted to do. On the other extreme, all power was transferred to the patient. The first theme was restricted to the decision-making process. The second theme covered the entire care or, rehabilitation, process.

BACKGROUND: There is a lack of occupation-focused instruments to assess Activities of Daily Living (ADL) that are intended for persons with mental disorders. The ADL Taxonomy is an instrument that is widely-used within clinical practice for persons with physical impairment. The aim of this study was to adapt the ADL Taxonomy for persons with mental disorders and evaluate its validity. METHODS: An expert group of Occupational Therapists (OTs) from psychiatric care adapted the ADL Taxonomy to fit the client group, including creating three new items. OTs in psychiatric care collected client data and evaluated the instrument for usability. Rasch analysis was used to evaluate the contruct validity of 16 activities separately. RESULTS: The OTs collected 123 assessments from clients with various mental disorders. Ten activities had excellent, and four had acceptable, psychometric properties with regard to item and person fit and unidimensionality. The activity managing the day/time gave complex results and would benefit from further development. The OTs found the test version intelligible, relevant and easy to use. CONCLUSIONS: The ADL Taxonomy for persons with mental disorders has 16 activities with three to six actions each, and is now ready for clinical use., Funding Agencies:Örebro University Swedish Association of Occupational Therapists

Background/Aim In Sweden, most people age in ordinary housing, called aging in place. To support aging in place, older people can apply for home-based care such as Meals on Wheels or response alarm .Despite this support, the municipalities receive applications to nursing homes on a daily basis, which indicates that aging in place does not fill everyone’s needs. The aim of this study was to describe what experiences in daily life that make older people aging in place apply for a nursing home. Method This study has a descriptive design. Face to face interviews were conducted with older people with declining physical health who had a granted application for a place in a nursing home and were waiting for a placement. Some waited in their homes with or without home-based care and some waited in a short-term facility run by the municipality. Interviews were analyzed by qualitative content analysis according to Elo and Kyngäs. Preliminary findings One main category emerged - “To move to a nursing home- a way to regain control over my life”. It was characterized by a feeling of decreasing level of independence which led to experiences of lack of social context or being in a state of dependence where someone else controlled decisions of their lives. The participants had reached a point where they strongly felt that something has to be done to change their situation. This was usually associated with a critical event such as a hospitalization or after been informed of a cancer diagnosis. These experiences are described by three generic categories with seven subcategories. The generic categories are “The opportunity to belong to a context”, “A state of dependence” and “Reaching a turning point”. Conclusions The findings show that a feeling of lost control due to perceived dependence, falling health or critical everyday life events may lead to a nursing home application. Therefore, in order to enhance aging in place it is important to enable older people to be socially involve

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate to what extent time management skills are associated with general self-efficacy and parental sense of competence, and if there are any differences between individuals with and without cognitive disabilities in these aspects. Material and Methods: The study had a comparative cross-sectional design. Totally 86 individuals with cognitive disabilities (of whom 31 were parents), and 154 without disabilities (of whom 68 were parents) were included (N = 240). The Swedish versions of the Assessment of Time Management Skills (including time management, organisation & planning, and regulation of emotion subscales), General Self-Efficacy, and Parental Sense of Competence scale (including satisfaction, efficacy, and interest subscales) were used to collect data. Results: There were significant differences (p < .001) between individuals with and without cognitive disabilities in all three subscales of Assessment of Time Management Skills and in General Self-Efficacy. Overall, individuals with a cognitive disability scored lower than persons without cognitive disabilities. A significant difference was observed between parents in all three subscales of time management skills after controlling for age and education (p < .0005). Parents with cognitive disabilities, compared to parents without cognitive disability, scored significantly lower in all measured scales, except for the interest subscale. In parents with a cognitive disability, there was a significant correlation between all three subscales of Time Management Skills and satisfaction. Among parents without a cognitive disability there was a significant correlation between time management; and organisation & planning subscales; and efficacy, and between General Self-Efficacy and time management. Conclusions: Poor time management, planning and organisational skills, as well as a deficit in regulation of emotions may have a negative impact on general self-efficacy a, Funding Agencies:School of Health Sciences, the Faculty of Medicine and Health, Orebro University, Sweden University Health Care Research Centre, the Faculty of Medicine and Health, Orebro University, Sweden Centre for Clinical Research in Dalarna CKFUU-312401 CKFUU-372541