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3. Whole Genome Sequencing to Characterize Monogenic and Polygenic Contributions in Patients Hospitalized with Early-Onset Myocardial Infarction

Author

Khera, Amit V, Chaffin, Mark, Zekavat, Seyedeh M, Collins, Ryan L, Roselli, Carolina, Natarajan, Pradeep, Lichtman, Judith H, D'Onofrio, Gail, Mattera, Jennifer, Dreyer, Rachel, Spertus, John A, Taylor, Kent D, Psaty, Bruce M, Rich, Stephen S, Post, Wendy, Gupta, Namrata, Gabriel, Stacey, Lander, Eric, Ida Chen, Yii-Der, Talkowski, Michael E, Rotter, Jerome I, Krumholz, Harlan M, and Kathiresan, Sekar

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology, Health Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Sports Science and Exercise, Genetics, Clinical Research, Atherosclerosis, Human Genome, Prevention, Digestive Diseases, Heart Disease, Heart Disease - Coronary Heart Disease, Cardiovascular, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Aged, Cholesterol, LDL, Female, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome, Human, Humans, Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II, Male, Middle Aged, Multifactorial Inheritance, Myocardial Infarction, Whole Genome Sequencing, genetics, humans, hypercholesterolemia, myocardial infarction, risk, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Public Health and Health Services, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Cardiovascular medicine and haematology, Clinical sciences, Sports science and exercise
Abstract

BackgroundThe relative prevalence and clinical importance of monogenic mutations related to familial hypercholesterolemia and of high polygenic score (cumulative impact of many common variants) pathways for early-onset myocardial infarction remain uncertain. Whole-genome sequencing enables simultaneous ascertainment of both monogenic mutations and polygenic score for each individual.MethodsWe performed deep-coverage whole-genome sequencing of 2081 patients from 4 racial subgroups hospitalized in the United States with early-onset myocardial infarction (age ≤55 years) recruited with a 2:1 female-to-male enrollment design. We compared these genomes with those of 3761 population-based control subjects. We first identified individuals with a rare, monogenic mutation related to familial hypercholesterolemia. Second, we calculated a recently developed polygenic score of 6.6 million common DNA variants to quantify the cumulative susceptibility conferred by common variants. We defined high polygenic score as the top 5% of the control distribution because this cutoff has previously been shown to confer similar risk to that of familial hypercholesterolemia mutations.ResultsThe mean age of the 2081 patients presenting with early-onset myocardial infarction was 48 years, and 66% were female. A familial hypercholesterolemia mutation was present in 36 of these patients (1.7%) and was associated with a 3.8-fold (95% CI, 2.1-6.8; P3-fold increased odds of early-onset myocardial infarction. However, high polygenic score has a 10-fold higher prevalence among patients presents with early-onset myocardial infarction.Clinical trial registrationURL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT00597922.

Published
2019

4. In defense of Direct Care: Limiting access to military hospitals could worsen quality and safety

Author

Zogg, Cheryl K., Lichtman, Judith H., Dalton, Michael K., Learn, Peter A., Schoenfeld, Andrew J., Koehlmoos, Tracey Perez, Weissman, Joel S., and Cooper, Zara

Subjects
United States. Department of Defense -- Powers and duties, Hospitals, Military -- Powers and duties, Health care reform -- Forecasts and trends, Medical care -- Quality management, Market trend/market analysis, Business, Health care industry
Abstract

Objective: Ongoing health care reforms within the US Military Health System (MHS) are expected to shift >1.9 million MHS beneficiaries from military treatment facilities (MTFs) into local civilian hospitals over the next 1-2 years. The objective of this study was to examine how such health care reforms are likely to affect the quality of MHS care. Data sources: Adult MHS beneficiaries, aged 18-64 years, treated in MTFs (under a program known as Direct Care) were compared against (1) MHS beneficiaries treated in locally available civilian hospitals (under a program known as Purchased Care) and (2) similarly-aged adult civilian patients across the United States. MHS beneficiaries in Direct and Purchased Care were identified from fiscal-year 2016-2018 MHS inpatient claims. National inpatients were identified in the 2017 Nationwide Readmissions Database. Study design: Retrospective cohort. Data collection: Differences in quality were compared using two sets of quality metrics endorsed by the US Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ): Inpatient Quality Indicators, 19 quality metrics that look at differences in in-hospital mortality, and Patient Safety Indicators, 18 quality metrics that look at differences in in-hospital morbidity and adverse events. Among MHS beneficiaries (Direct and Purchased Care), we further simulated what changes in quality indicators might look like under various proposed scenarios of reduced access to Direct Care. Principal findings: A total of 502,252 MHS admissions from 37 MTFs and surrounding civilian hospitals were included (326,076 Direct Care, 179,176 Purchased Care). Nationwide, 9.34 million adult admissions from 2453 hospitals were included. On average, MHS beneficiaries treated in MTFs experienced better inpatient quality and improved patient safety compared with MHS beneficiaries treated in locally available civilian hospitals (e.g., summary observed-to-expected ratio for medical mortality: 0.98 vs. 1.03, p < 0.001) and adult patients across the United States (0.98 vs. 1.02, p < 0.001). Simulations of proposed changes resulted in consistently worse outcomes for MHS patients, whether reducing MTF access by 10%, 20%, or 50% nationwide; limiting MTF access to active-duty beneficiaries; or closing MTFs with the worst performance on patient safety (p < 0.001 for overall quality indicators for each). Conclusions: Reducing access to MTFs could result in significant harm to MHS patients. The results underscore the importance of health-policy planning based on evidence-based evaluation and the need to consider the consequential downstream effects caused by changes in access to care. KEYWORDS access to care, health care reform, military, Military Health System, MTF Realignment, patient safety, quality, TRICARE What is known on this topic * The US Military Health System (MHS) has long served as a proving ground for theories about the importance of access to care. * In October 2019, major health care reforms within the MHS led to a substantial restructuring of MHS beneficiaries' access to military treatment facilities. What this study adds * Ongoing MHS health care reforms could lead to marked changes in AHRQ-endorsed quality metrics for inpatient quality (Inpatient Quality Indicators) and patient safety (Patient Safety Indicators), resulting in significantly worse care for MHS beneficiaries. * The results underscore the importance of health-policy planning based on evidence-based evaluation and need to consider the consequential downstream effects caused by changes in access to care., 1 | INTRODUCTION As one of the largest health systems in the United States and the single largest provider of government-sponsored universal health insurance coverage for adults aged Since the [...]

Published
2022
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7. Analysis of predicted loss-of-function variants in UK Biobank identifies variants protective for disease

Author

Emdin, Connor A, Khera, Amit V, Chaffin, Mark, Klarin, Derek, Natarajan, Pradeep, Aragam, Krishna, Haas, Mary, Bick, Alexander, Zekavat, Seyedeh M, Nomura, Akihiro, Ardissino, Diego, Wilson, James G, Schunkert, Heribert, McPherson, Ruth, Watkins, Hugh, Elosua, Roberto, Bown, Matthew J, Samani, Nilesh J, Baber, Usman, Erdmann, Jeanette, Gupta, Namrata, Danesh, John, Chasman, Daniel, Ridker, Paul, Denny, Joshua, Bastarache, Lisa, Lichtman, Judith H, D’Onofrio, Gail, Mattera, Jennifer, Spertus, John A, Sheu, Wayne H-H, Taylor, Kent D, Psaty, Bruce M, Rich, Stephen S, Post, Wendy, Rotter, Jerome I, Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Krumholz, Harlan, Saleheen, Danish, Gabriel, Stacey, and Kathiresan, Sekar

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Genetics, Epidemiology, Health Sciences, Heart Disease - Coronary Heart Disease, Heart Disease, Biotechnology, Obesity, Cardiovascular, Human Genome, Atherosclerosis, Aetiology, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Metabolic and endocrine, Good Health and Well Being, Databases, Genetic, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Disease, Gene Frequency, Genetic Testing, Genetic Variation, Humans, Phenotype, Proteins, Respiratory Hypersensitivity, United Kingdom
Abstract

Less than 3% of protein-coding genetic variants are predicted to result in loss of protein function through the introduction of a stop codon, frameshift, or the disruption of an essential splice site; however, such predicted loss-of-function (pLOF) variants provide insight into effector transcript and direction of biological effect. In >400,000 UK Biobank participants, we conduct association analyses of 3759 pLOF variants with six metabolic traits, six cardiometabolic diseases, and twelve additional diseases. We identified 18 new low-frequency or rare (allele frequency

Published
2018

8. Association of marital/partner status with hospital readmission among young adults with acute myocardial infarction

Author

Zhu, Cenjing, primary, Dreyer, Rachel P., additional, Li, Fan, additional, Spatz, Erica S., additional, Caraballo, César, additional, Mahajan, Shiwani, additional, Raparelli, Valeria, additional, Leifheit, Erica C., additional, Lu, Yuan, additional, Krumholz, Harlan M., additional, Spertus, John A., additional, D’Onofrio, Gail, additional, Pilote, Louise, additional, and Lichtman, Judith H., additional

Published
2024
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12. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2016 Update

Author

Mozaffarian, Dariush, Benjamin, Emelia J, Go, Alan S, Arnett, Donna K, Blaha, Michael J, Cushman, Mary, Das, Sandeep R, de Ferranti, Sarah, Després, Jean-Pierre, Fullerton, Heather J, Howard, Virginia J, Huffman, Mark D, Isasi, Carmen R, Jiménez, Monik C, Judd, Suzanne E, Kissela, Brett M, Lichtman, Judith H, Lisabeth, Lynda D, Liu, Simin, Mackey, Rachel H, Magid, David J, McGuire, Darren K, Mohler, Emile R, Moy, Claudia S, Muntner, Paul, Mussolino, Michael E, Nasir, Khurram, Neumar, Robert W, Nichol, Graham, Palaniappan, Latha, Pandey, Dilip K, Reeves, Mathew J, Rodriguez, Carlos J, Rosamond, Wayne, Sorlie, Paul D, Stein, Joel, Towfighi, Amytis, Turan, Tanya N, Virani, Salim S, Woo, Daniel, Yeh, Robert W, and Turner, Melanie B

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology, Health Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Sports Science and Exercise, American Heart Association, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Heart Diseases, Humans, Life Style, Research Report, Stroke, United States, AHA Scientific Statements, cardiovascular diseases, epidemiology, risk factors, statistics, stroke, Writing Group Members, American Heart Association Statistics Committee, Stroke Statistics Subcommittee, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Public Health and Health Services, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Cardiovascular medicine and haematology, Clinical sciences, Sports science and exercise
Published
2016

13. Executive Summary

Author

Mozaffarian, Dariush, Benjamin, Emelia J, Go, Alan S, Arnett, Donna K, Blaha, Michael J, Cushman, Mary, Das, Sandeep R, de Ferranti, Sarah, Després, Jean-Pierre, Fullerton, Heather J, Howard, Virginia J, Huffman, Mark D, Isasi, Carmen R, Jiménez, Monik C, Judd, Suzanne E, Kissela, Brett M, Lichtman, Judith H, Lisabeth, Lynda D, Liu, Simin, Mackey, Rachel H, Magid, David J, McGuire, Darren K, Mohler, Emile R, Moy, Claudia S, Muntner, Paul, Mussolino, Michael E, Nasir, Khurram, Neumar, Robert W, Nichol, Graham, Palaniappan, Latha, Pandey, Dilip K, Reeves, Mathew J, Rodriguez, Carlos J, Rosamond, Wayne, Sorlie, Paul D, Stein, Joel, Towfighi, Amytis, Turan, Tanya N, Virani, Salim S, Woo, Daniel, Yeh, Robert W, and Turner, Melanie B

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology, Health Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Sports Science and Exercise, American Heart Association, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Health Behavior, Heart Diseases, Humans, Research Report, Stroke, United States, AHA Scientific Statements, cardiovascular diseases, epidemiology, risk factors, statistics, stroke, Writing Group Members, American Heart Association Statistics Committee, Stroke Statistics Subcommittee, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Public Health and Health Services, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Cardiovascular medicine and haematology, Clinical sciences, Sports science and exercise
Published
2016

14. Executive Summary: Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics--2016 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association.

Author

Writing Group Members, Mozaffarian, Dariush, Benjamin, Emelia J, Go, Alan S, Arnett, Donna K, Blaha, Michael J, Cushman, Mary, Das, Sandeep R, de Ferranti, Sarah, Després, Jean-Pierre, Fullerton, Heather J, Howard, Virginia J, Huffman, Mark D, Isasi, Carmen R, Jiménez, Monik C, Judd, Suzanne E, Kissela, Brett M, Lichtman, Judith H, Lisabeth, Lynda D, Liu, Simin, Mackey, Rachel H, Magid, David J, McGuire, Darren K, Mohler, Emile R, Moy, Claudia S, Muntner, Paul, Mussolino, Michael E, Nasir, Khurram, Neumar, Robert W, Nichol, Graham, Palaniappan, Latha, Pandey, Dilip K, Reeves, Mathew J, Rodriguez, Carlos J, Rosamond, Wayne, Sorlie, Paul D, Stein, Joel, Towfighi, Amytis, Turan, Tanya N, Virani, Salim S, Woo, Daniel, Yeh, Robert W, Turner, Melanie B, American Heart Association Statistics Committee, and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee

Subjects
Writing Group Members, American Heart Association Statistics Committee, Stroke Statistics Subcommittee, Humans, Heart Diseases, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Health Behavior, American Heart Association, United States, Stroke, Research Report, AHA Scientific Statements, cardiovascular diseases, epidemiology, risk factors, statistics, stroke, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Clinical Sciences, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Public Health and Health Services, Cardiovascular System & Hematology
Published
2016

15. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2016 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association.

Author

Writing Group Members, Mozaffarian, Dariush, Benjamin, Emelia J, Go, Alan S, Arnett, Donna K, Blaha, Michael J, Cushman, Mary, Das, Sandeep R, de Ferranti, Sarah, Després, Jean-Pierre, Fullerton, Heather J, Howard, Virginia J, Huffman, Mark D, Isasi, Carmen R, Jiménez, Monik C, Judd, Suzanne E, Kissela, Brett M, Lichtman, Judith H, Lisabeth, Lynda D, Liu, Simin, Mackey, Rachel H, Magid, David J, McGuire, Darren K, Mohler, Emile R, Moy, Claudia S, Muntner, Paul, Mussolino, Michael E, Nasir, Khurram, Neumar, Robert W, Nichol, Graham, Palaniappan, Latha, Pandey, Dilip K, Reeves, Mathew J, Rodriguez, Carlos J, Rosamond, Wayne, Sorlie, Paul D, Stein, Joel, Towfighi, Amytis, Turan, Tanya N, Virani, Salim S, Woo, Daniel, Yeh, Robert W, Turner, Melanie B, American Heart Association Statistics Committee, and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee

Subjects
Writing Group Members, American Heart Association Statistics Committee, Stroke Statistics Subcommittee, Humans, Heart Diseases, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Life Style, American Heart Association, United States, Stroke, Research Report, AHA Scientific Statements, cardiovascular diseases, epidemiology, risk factors, statistics, stroke, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Clinical Sciences, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Public Health and Health Services, Cardiovascular System & Hematology
Published
2016

21. Executive Summary

Author

Mozaffarian, Dariush, Benjamin, Emelia J, Go, Alan S, Arnett, Donna K, Blaha, Michael J, Cushman, Mary, de Ferranti, Sarah, Després, Jean-Pierre, Fullerton, Heather J, Howard, Virginia J, Huffman, Mark D, Judd, Suzanne E, Kissela, Brett M, Lackland, Daniel T, Lichtman, Judith H, Lisabeth, Lynda D, Liu, Simin, Mackey, Rachel H, Matchar, David B, McGuire, Darren K, Mohler, Emile R, Moy, Claudia S, Muntner, Paul, Mussolino, Michael E, Nasir, Khurram, Neumar, Robert W, Nichol, Graham, Palaniappan, Latha, Pandey, Dilip K, Reeves, Mathew J, Rodriguez, Carlos J, Sorlie, Paul D, Stein, Joel, Towfighi, Amytis, Turan, Tanya N, Virani, Salim S, Willey, Joshua Z, Woo, Daniel, Yeh, Robert W, and Turner, Melanie B

Subjects
Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Cardiovascular System & Hematology
Published
2015

22. Executive Summary: Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2015 Update A Report From the American Heart Association

Author

Mozaffarian, Dariush, Benjamin, Emelia J, Go, Alan S, Arnett, Donna K, Blaha, Michael J, Cushman, Mary, de Ferranti, Sarah, Despres, Jean-Pierre, Fullerton, Heather J, Howard, Virginia J, Huffman, Mark D, Judd, Suzanne E, Kissela, Brett M, Lackland, Daniel T, Lichtman, Judith H, Lisabeth, Lynda D, Liu, Simin, Mackey, Rachel H, Matchar, David B, McGuire, Darren K, III, Mohler Emile R, Moy, Claudia S, Muntner, Paul, Mussolino, Michael E, Nasir, Khurram, Neumar, Robert W, Nichol, Graham, Palaniappan, Latha, Pandey, Dilip K, Reeves, Mathew J, Rodriguez, Carlos J, Sorlie, Paul D, Stein, Joel, Towfighi, Amytis, Turan, Tanya N, Virani, Salim S, Willey, Joshua Z, Woo, Daniel, Yeh, Robert W, Turner, Melanie B, Comm, Amer Heart Assoc Stat, and Subcomm, Stroke Stat

Subjects
Clinical Sciences, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Public Health and Health Services, Cardiovascular System & Hematology
Published
2015

23. Heart disease and stroke statistics--2015 update: a report from the American Heart Association.

Author

Mozaffarian, Dariush, Benjamin, Emelia J, Go, Alan S, Arnett, Donna K, Blaha, Michael J, Cushman, Mary, de Ferranti, Sarah, Després, Jean-Pierre, Fullerton, Heather J, Howard, Virginia J, Huffman, Mark D, Judd, Suzanne E, Kissela, Brett M, Lackland, Daniel T, Lichtman, Judith H, Lisabeth, Lynda D, Liu, Simin, Mackey, Rachel H, Matchar, David B, McGuire, Darren K, Mohler, Emile R, Moy, Claudia S, Muntner, Paul, Mussolino, Michael E, Nasir, Khurram, Neumar, Robert W, Nichol, Graham, Palaniappan, Latha, Pandey, Dilip K, Reeves, Mathew J, Rodriguez, Carlos J, Sorlie, Paul D, Stein, Joel, Towfighi, Amytis, Turan, Tanya N, Virani, Salim S, Willey, Joshua Z, Woo, Daniel, Yeh, Robert W, Turner, Melanie B, and American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee

Subjects
American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee, Humans, Heart Diseases, Risk Reduction Behavior, American Heart Association, United States, Stroke, Research Report, AHA Scientific Statements, cardiovascular diseases, epidemiology, risk factors, statistics, stroke, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Cardiovascular System & Hematology
Published
2015

26. Guidelines for the Prevention of Stroke in Women

Author

Bushnell, Cheryl, McCullough, Louise D, Awad, Issam A, Chireau, Monique V, Fedder, Wende N, Furie, Karen L, Howard, Virginia J, Lichtman, Judith H, Lisabeth, Lynda D, Piña, Ileana L, Reeves, Mathew J, Rexrode, Kathryn M, Saposnik, Gustavo, Singh, Vineeta, Towfighi, Amytis, Vaccarino, Viola, and Walters, Matthew R

Subjects
Aging, Brain Disorders, Cardiovascular, Prevention, Stroke, Neurosciences, Nutrition, Heart Disease, Good Health and Well Being, American Heart Association, Female, Guidelines as Topic, Humans, Societies, Medical, United States, Women's Health, American Heart Association Stroke Council, Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing, Council on Clinical Cardiology, Council on Epidemiology and Prevention, Council for High Blood Pressure Research, AHA Scientific Statements, atrial fibrillation, hormone replacement therapy, menopause, metabolic syndrome X, preeclampsia/eclampsia, sex differences, stroke, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Clinical Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

PurposeThe aim of this statement is to summarize data on stroke risk factors that are unique to and more common in women than men and to expand on the data provided in prior stroke guidelines and cardiovascular prevention guidelines for women. This guideline focuses on the risk factors unique to women, such as reproductive factors, and those that are more common in women, including migraine with aura, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and atrial fibrillation.MethodsWriting group members were nominated by the committee chair on the basis of their previous work in relevant topic areas and were approved by the American Heart Association (AHA) Stroke Council's Scientific Statement Oversight Committee and the AHA's Manuscript Oversight Committee. The panel reviewed relevant articles on adults using computerized searches of the medical literature through May 15, 2013. The evidence is organized within the context of the AHA framework and is classified according to the joint AHA/American College of Cardiology and supplementary AHA Stroke Council methods of classifying the level of certainty and the class and level of evidence. The document underwent extensive AHA internal peer review, Stroke Council Leadership review, and Scientific Statements Oversight Committee review before consideration and approval by the AHA Science Advisory and Coordinating Committee.ResultsWe provide current evidence, research gaps, and recommendations on risk of stroke related to preeclampsia, oral contraceptives, menopause, and hormone replacement, as well as those risk factors more common in women, such as obesity/metabolic syndrome, atrial fibrillation, and migraine with aura.ConclusionsTo more accurately reflect the risk of stroke in women across the lifespan, as well as the clear gaps in current risk scores, we believe a female-specific stroke risk score is warranted.

Published
2014

27. Depression as a risk factor for poor prognosis among patients with acute coronary syndrome: systematic review and recommendations: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association.

Author

Lichtman, Judith H, Froelicher, Erika S, Blumenthal, James A, Carney, Robert M, Doering, Lynn V, Frasure-Smith, Nancy, Freedland, Kenneth E, Jaffe, Allan S, Leifheit-Limson, Erica C, Sheps, David S, Vaccarino, Viola, Wulsin, Lawson, and American Heart Association Statistics Committee of the Council on Epidemiology and Prevention and the Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing

Subjects
American Heart Association Statistics Committee of the Council on Epidemiology and Prevention and the Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing, Humans, Prognosis, Risk Factors, Depression, Evidence-Based Medicine, Cardiology, American Heart Association, United States, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Acute Coronary Syndrome, AHA Scientific Statements, acute coronary syndrome, coronary heart disease, depression, risk factors, Cardiovascular, Heart Disease - Coronary Heart Disease, Heart Disease, Brain Disorders, Mental Health, Good Health and Well Being, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Cardiovascular System & Hematology
Abstract

BackgroundAlthough prospective studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses have documented an association between depression and increased morbidity and mortality in a variety of cardiac populations, depression has not yet achieved formal recognition as a risk factor for poor prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome by the American Heart Association and other health organizations. The purpose of this scientific statement is to review available evidence and recommend whether depression should be elevated to the status of a risk factor for patients with acute coronary syndrome.Methods and resultsWriting group members were approved by the American Heart Association's Scientific Statement and Manuscript Oversight Committees. A systematic literature review on depression and adverse medical outcomes after acute coronary syndrome was conducted that included all-cause mortality, cardiac mortality, and composite outcomes for mortality and nonfatal events. The review assessed the strength, consistency, independence, and generalizability of the published studies. A total of 53 individual studies (32 reported on associations with all-cause mortality, 12 on cardiac mortality, and 22 on composite outcomes) and 4 meta-analyses met inclusion criteria. There was heterogeneity across studies in terms of the demographic composition of study samples, definition and measurement of depression, length of follow-up, and covariates included in the multivariable models. Despite limitations in some individual studies, our review identified generally consistent associations between depression and adverse outcomes.ConclusionsDespite the heterogeneity of published studies included in this review, the preponderance of evidence supports the recommendation that the American Heart Association should elevate depression to the status of a risk factor for adverse medical outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

Published
2014

28. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2014 Update

Author

Go, Alan S, Mozaffarian, Dariush, Roger, Véronique L, Benjamin, Emelia J, Berry, Jarett D, Blaha, Michael J, Dai, Shifan, Ford, Earl S, Fox, Caroline S, Franco, Sheila, Fullerton, Heather J, Gillespie, Cathleen, Hailpern, Susan M, Heit, John A, Howard, Virginia J, Huffman, Mark D, Judd, Suzanne E, Kissela, Brett M, Kittner, Steven J, Lackland, Daniel T, Lichtman, Judith H, Lisabeth, Lynda D, Mackey, Rachel H, Magid, David J, Marcus, Gregory M, Marelli, Ariane, Matchar, David B, McGuire, Darren K, Mohler, Emile R, Moy, Claudia S, Mussolino, Michael E, Neumar, Robert W, Nichol, Graham, Pandey, Dilip K, Paynter, Nina P, Reeves, Matthew J, Sorlie, Paul D, Stein, Joel, Towfighi, Amytis, Turan, Tanya N, Virani, Salim S, Wong, Nathan D, Woo, Daniel, and Turner, Melanie B

Subjects
American Heart Association, Cardiology, Heart Diseases, Humans, Stroke, United States, AHA Scientific Statements, cardiovascular diseases, epidemiology, risk factors, statistics, stroke, American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Cardiovascular System & Hematology
Abstract

Each year, the American Heart Association (AHA), in conjunction with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health, and other government agencies, brings together the most up-to-date statistics on heart disease, stroke, other vascular diseases, and their risk factors and presents them in its Heart Disease and Stroke Statistical Update. The Statistical Update is a critical resource for researchers, clinicians, healthcare policy makers, media professionals, the lay public, and many others who seek the best available national data on heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular disease-related morbidity and mortality and the risks, quality of care, use of medical procedures and operations, and costs associated with the management of these diseases in a single document. Indeed, since 1999, the Statistical Update has been cited >10 500 times in the literature, based on citations of all annual versions. In 2012 alone, the various Statistical Updates were cited ≈3500 times (data from Google Scholar). In recent years, the Statistical Update has undergone some major changes with the addition of new chapters and major updates across multiple areas, as well as increasing the number of ways to access and use the information assembled. For this year's edition, the Statistics Committee, which produces the document for the AHA, updated all of the current chapters with the most recent nationally representative data and inclusion of relevant articles from the literature over the past year. This year's edition includes a new chapter on peripheral artery disease, as well as new data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population, with additional new focus on evidence-based approaches to changing behaviors, implementation strategies, and implications of the AHA's 2020 Impact Goals. Below are a few highlights from this year's Update. © 2013 American Heart Association, Inc.

Published
2014

29. Executive Summary

Author

Go, Alan S, Mozaffarian, Dariush, Roger, Véronique L, Benjamin, Emelia J, Berry, Jarett D, Blaha, Michael J, Dai, Shifan, Ford, Earl S, Fox, Caroline S, Franco, Sheila, Fullerton, Heather J, Gillespie, Cathleen, Hailpern, Susan M, Heit, John A, Howard, Virginia J, Huffman, Mark D, Judd, Suzanne E, Kissela, Brett M, Kittner, Steven J, Lackland, Daniel T, Lichtman, Judith H, Lisabeth, Lynda D, Mackey, Rachel H, Magid, David J, Marcus, Gregory M, Marelli, Ariane, Matchar, David B, McGuire, Darren K, Mohler, Emile R, Moy, Claudia S, Mussolino, Michael E, Neumar, Robert W, Nichol, Graham, Pandey, Dilip K, Paynter, Nina P, Reeves, Matthew J, Sorlie, Paul D, Stein, Joel, Towfighi, Amytis, Turan, Tanya N, Virani, Salim S, Wong, Nathan D, Woo, Daniel, and Turner, Melanie B

Subjects
American Heart Association, Cardiology, Heart Diseases, Humans, Prevalence, Research Report, Risk Factors, Stroke, United States, AHA Scientific Statements, cardiovascular diseases, epidemiology, risk factors, statistics, stroke, American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Cardiovascular System & Hematology
Abstract

Each year, the American Heart Association (AHA), in conjunction with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health, and other government agencies, brings together the most up-to-date statistics on heart disease, stroke, other vascular diseases, and their risk factors and presents them in its Heart Disease and Stroke Statistical Update. The Statistical Update is a critical resource for researchers, clinicians, healthcare policy makers, media professionals, the lay public, and many others who seek the best available national data on heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular disease-related morbidity and mortality and the risks, quality of care, use of medical procedures and operations, and costs associated with the management of these diseases in a single document. Indeed, since 1999, the Statistical Update has been cited >10 500 times in the literature, based on citations of all annual versions. In 2012 alone, the various Statistical Updates were cited ≈3500 times (data from Google Scholar). In recent years, the Statistical Update has undergone some major changes with the addition of new chapters and major updates across multiple areas, as well as increasing the number of ways to access and use the information assembled. For this year's edition, the Statistics Committee, which produces the document for the AHA, updated all of the current chapters with the most recent nationally representative data and inclusion of relevant articles from the literature over the past year. This year's edition includes a new chapter on peripheral artery disease, as well as new data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population, with additional new focus on evidence-based approaches to changing behaviors, implementation strategies, and implications of the AHA's 2020 Impact Goals. Below are a few highlights from this year's Update. © 2013 American Heart Association, Inc.

Published
2014

30. Executive summary: heart disease and stroke statistics--2014 update: a report from the American Heart Association.

Author

Go, Alan S, Mozaffarian, Dariush, Roger, Véronique L, Benjamin, Emelia J, Berry, Jarett D, Blaha, Michael J, Dai, Shifan, Ford, Earl S, Fox, Caroline S, Franco, Sheila, Fullerton, Heather J, Gillespie, Cathleen, Hailpern, Susan M, Heit, John A, Howard, Virginia J, Huffman, Mark D, Judd, Suzanne E, Kissela, Brett M, Kittner, Steven J, Lackland, Daniel T, Lichtman, Judith H, Lisabeth, Lynda D, Mackey, Rachel H, Magid, David J, Marcus, Gregory M, Marelli, Ariane, Matchar, David B, McGuire, Darren K, Mohler, Emile R, Moy, Claudia S, Mussolino, Michael E, Neumar, Robert W, Nichol, Graham, Pandey, Dilip K, Paynter, Nina P, Reeves, Matthew J, Sorlie, Paul D, Stein, Joel, Towfighi, Amytis, Turan, Tanya N, Virani, Salim S, Wong, Nathan D, Woo, Daniel, Turner, Melanie B, and American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee

Subjects
American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee, Humans, Heart Diseases, Prevalence, Risk Factors, Cardiology, American Heart Association, United States, Stroke, Research Report, AHA Scientific Statements, cardiovascular diseases, epidemiology, risk factors, statistics, stroke, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services
Published
2014

32. Impact of Marital Stress on 1‐Year Health Outcomes Among Young Adults With Acute Myocardial Infarction

Author

Zhu, Cenjing, primary, Dreyer, Rachel P., additional, Li, Fan, additional, Spatz, Erica S., additional, Caraballo‐Cordovez, César, additional, Mahajan, Shiwani, additional, Raparelli, Valeria, additional, Leifheit, Erica C., additional, Lu, Yuan, additional, Krumholz, Harlan M., additional, Spertus, John A., additional, D'Onofrio, Gail, additional, Pilote, Louise, additional, and Lichtman, Judith H., additional

Published
2023
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36. Heart disease and stroke statistics--2013 update: a report from the American Heart Association.

Author

Go, Alan S, Mozaffarian, Dariush, Roger, Véronique L, Benjamin, Emelia J, Berry, Jarett D, Borden, William B, Bravata, Dawn M, Dai, Shifan, Ford, Earl S, Fox, Caroline S, Franco, Sheila, Fullerton, Heather J, Gillespie, Cathleen, Hailpern, Susan M, Heit, John A, Howard, Virginia J, Huffman, Mark D, Kissela, Brett M, Kittner, Steven J, Lackland, Daniel T, Lichtman, Judith H, Lisabeth, Lynda D, Magid, David, Marcus, Gregory M, Marelli, Ariane, Matchar, David B, McGuire, Darren K, Mohler, Emile R, Moy, Claudia S, Mussolino, Michael E, Nichol, Graham, Paynter, Nina P, Schreiner, Pamela J, Sorlie, Paul D, Stein, Joel, Turan, Tanya N, Virani, Salim S, Wong, Nathan D, Woo, Daniel, Turner, Melanie B, and American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee

Subjects
American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee, Humans, Heart Diseases, Prevalence, Risk Factors, American Heart Association, United States, Stroke, AHA Scientific Statements, cardiovascular diseases, epidemiology, risk factors, statistics, stroke, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Cardiovascular System & Hematology
Abstract

Each year, the American Heart Association (AHA), in conjunction with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health, and other government agencies, brings together the most up-to-date statistics on heart disease, stroke, other vascular diseases, and their risk factors and presents them in its Heart Disease and Stroke Statistical Update*The Statistical Update is a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, healthcare policy makers, media professionals, the lay public, and many others who seek the best national data available on heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular disease-related morbidity and mortality and the risks, quality of care, medical procedures and operations, and costs associated with the management of these diseases in a single document*Indeed, since 1999, the Statistical Update has been cited >10 500 times in the literature, based on citations of all annual versions*In 2011 alone, the various Statistical Updates were cited ≈1500 times (data from ISI Web of Science)*In recent years, the Statistical Update has undergone some major changes with the addition of new chapters and major updates across multiple areas, as well as increasing the number of ways to access and use the information assembled*For this year's edition, the Statistics Committee, which produces the document for the AHA, updated all of the current chapters with the most recent nationally representative data and inclusion of relevant articles from the literature over the past year*This year's edition also implements a new chapter organization to reflect the spectrum of cardiovascular health behaviors and health factors and risks, as well as subsequent complicating conditions, disease states, and outcomes*Also, the 2013 Statistical Update contains new data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population, with additional new focus on evidence-based approaches to changing behaviors, implementation strategies, and implications of the AHA's 2020 Impact Goals*Below are a few highlights from this year's Update . © 2013 American Heart Association, Inc.

Published
2013

37. Executive summary: heart disease and stroke statistics--2013 update: a report from the American Heart Association.

Author

Go, Alan S, Mozaffarian, Dariush, Roger, Véronique L, Benjamin, Emelia J, Berry, Jarett D, Borden, William B, Bravata, Dawn M, Dai, Shifan, Ford, Earl S, Fox, Caroline S, Franco, Sheila, Fullerton, Heather J, Gillespie, Cathleen, Hailpern, Susan M, Heit, John A, Howard, Virginia J, Huffman, Mark D, Kissela, Brett M, Kittner, Steven J, Lackland, Daniel T, Lichtman, Judith H, Lisabeth, Lynda D, Magid, David, Marcus, Gregory M, Marelli, Ariane, Matchar, David B, McGuire, Darren K, Mohler, Emile R, Moy, Claudia S, Mussolino, Michael E, Nichol, Graham, Paynter, Nina P, Schreiner, Pamela J, Sorlie, Paul D, Stein, Joel, Turan, Tanya N, Virani, Salim S, Wong, Nathan D, Woo, Daniel, Turner, Melanie B, and American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee

Subjects
American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee, Humans, Heart Diseases, Obesity, Prevalence, Age Distribution, American Heart Association, United States, Stroke, AHA Scientific Statements, cardiovascular diseases, epidemiology, risk factors, statistics, stroke, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Cardiovascular System & Hematology
Abstract

Each year, the American Heart Association (AHA), in conjunction with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health, and other government agencies, brings together the most up-to-date statistics on heart disease, stroke, other vascular diseases, and their risk factors and presents them in its Heart Disease and Stroke Statistical Update.*The Statistical Update is a valuable resource for researchers, clinicians, healthcare policy makers, media professionals, the lay public, and many others who seek the best national data available on heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular disease-related morbidity and mortality and the risks, quality of care, medical procedures and operations, and costs associated with the management of these diseases in a single document Indeed, since 1999, the Statistical Update has been cited >10 500 times in the literature, based on citations of all annual versions. In 2011 alone, the various Statistical Updates were cited ∼1500 times (data from ISI Web of Science). In recent years, the Statistical Update has undergone some major changes with the addition of new chapters and major updates across multiple areas, as well as increasing the number of ways to access and use the information assembled. For this year's edition, the Statistics Committee, which produces the document for the AHA, updated all of the current chapters with the most recent nationally representative data and inclusion of relevant articles from the literature over the past year. This year's edition also implements a new chapter organization to reflect the spectrum of cardiovascular health behaviors and health factors and risks, as well as subsequent complicating conditions, disease states, and outcomes. Also, the 2013 Statistical Update contains new data on the monitoring and benefits of cardiovascular health in the population, with additional new focus on evidence-based approaches to changing behaviors, implementation strategies, and implications of the AHA's 2020 Impact Goals. Below are a few highlights from this year's Update. © 2013 American Heart Association, Inc.

Published
2013

38. Comparison of Electrocardiographic Characteristics in Men Versus Women ≤ 55 Years With Acute Myocardial Infarction (a Variation in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients Substudy)

Author

Barrabés, José A., Gupta, Aakriti, Porta-Sánchez, Andreu, Strait, Kelly M., Acosta-Vélez, J. Gabriel, D'Onofrio, Gail, Lidón, Rosa-Maria, Geda, Mary, Dreyer, Rachel P., Lorenze, Nancy P., Lichtman, Judith H., Spertus, John A., Bueno, Héctor, and Krumholz, Harlan M.

Published
2017
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39. Association of Marital/Partner Status with Hospital Readmission Among Young Adults With Acute Myocardial Infarction

Author

Zhu, Cenjing, primary, Dreyer, Rachel P, additional, Li, Fan, additional, Spatz, Erica S, additional, Caraballo, César, additional, Mahajan, Shiwani, additional, Raparelli, Valeria, additional, Leifheit, Erica C, additional, Lu, Yuan, additional, Krumholz, Harlan M, additional, Spertus, John A, additional, D’Onofrio, Gail, additional, Pilote, Louise, additional, and Lichtman, Judith H, additional

Published
2023
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40. Sex Difference in Outcomes of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Young Patients

Author

Sawano, Mitsuaki, primary, Lu, Yuan, additional, Caraballo, César, additional, Mahajan, Shiwani, additional, Dreyer, Rachel, additional, Lichtman, Judith H., additional, D’Onofrio, Gail, additional, Spatz, Erica, additional, Khera, Rohan, additional, Onuma, Oyere, additional, Murugiah, Karthik, additional, Spertus, John A., additional, and Krumholz, Harlan M., additional

Published
2023
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41. Higher burden of cardiometabolic and socioeconomic risk factors in women with type 2 diabetes: an analysis of the Glycemic Reduction Approaches in Diabetes (GRADE) baseline cohort

Author

Gulanski, Barbara I, primary, Butera, Nicole M, additional, Krause-Steinrauf, Heidi, additional, Lichtman, Judith H, additional, Harindhanavudhi, Tasma, additional, Green, Jennifer B, additional, Suratt, Colleen E, additional, AbouAssi, Hiba, additional, Desouza, Cyrus, additional, Ahmann, Andrew J, additional, Wexler, Deborah J, additional, and Aroda, Vanita R, additional

Published
2023
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42. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2020 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association

Author

Virani, Salim S., Alonso, Alvaro, Benjamin, Emelia J., Bittencourt, Marcio S., Callaway, Clifton W., Carson, April P., Chamberlain, Alanna M., Chang, Alexander R., Cheng, Susan, Delling, Francesca N., Djousse, Luc, Elkind, Mitchell S.V., Ferguson, Jane F., Fornage, Myriam, Khan, Sadiya S., Kissela, Brett M., Knutson, Kristen L., Kwan, Tak W., Lackland, Daniel T., Lewis, Tené T., Lichtman, Judith H., Longenecker, Chris T., Loop, Matthew Shane, Lutsey, Pamela L., Martin, Seth S., Matsushita, Kunihiro, Moran, Andrew E., Mussolino, Michael E., Perak, Amanda Marma, Rosamond, Wayne D., Roth, Gregory A., Sampson, Uchechukwu K.A., Satou, Gary M., Schroeder, Emily B., Shah, Svati H., Shay, Christina M., Spartano, Nicole L., Stokes, Andrew, Tirschwell, David L., VanWagner, Lisa B., and Tsao, Connie W.

Published
2020
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43. SEX DIFFERENCE IN CAUSES AND TIMING OF ONE-YEAR OUTCOMES AMONG YOUNG ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION PATIENTS; RESULTS FROM THE VIRGO STUDY

Author

Sawano, Mitsuaki, primary, Lu, Yuan, additional, Caraballo, Cesar, additional, Mahajan, Shiwani, additional, Dreyer, Rachel P., additional, Lichtman, Judith H., additional, D'Onofrio, Gail, additional, Spatz, Erica Sarah, additional, Khera, Rohan, additional, Onuma, Oyere, additional, Murugiah, Karthik, additional, Spertus, John A., additional, and Krumholz, Harlan M., additional

Published
2023
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45. Abstract P405: Low Social Support Mediates the Effect of Marital Stress on 12-month Cardiac-Specific Quality of Life in Young Adults With Acute Myocardial Infarction

Author

Zhu, Cenjing, primary, Dreyer, Rachel P, additional, Li, Fan, additional, Spatz, Erica S, additional, Caraballo, Cesar, additional, Mahajan, Shiwani, additional, Raparelli, Valeria, additional, Leifheit, Erica C, additional, Lu, Yuan, additional, Krumholz, Harlan M, additional, Spertus, John, additional, DONOFRIO, Gail, additional, Pilote, Louise, additional, and Lichtman, Judith H, additional

Published
2023
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46. Association of Sociodemographic Characteristics With 1-Year Hospital Readmission Among Adults Aged 18 to 55 Years With Acute Myocardial Infarction

Author

Okafor, Chinenye M., primary, Zhu, Cenjing, additional, Raparelli, Valeria, additional, Murphy, Terrence E., additional, Arakaki, Andrew, additional, D’Onofrio, Gail, additional, Tsang, Sui W., additional, Smith, Marcella Nunez, additional, Lichtman, Judith H., additional, Spertus, John A., additional, Pilote, Louise, additional, and Dreyer, Rachel P., additional

Published
2023
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