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In order to gain insight into the species diversity and functional diversity of forest vegetation in karst hills and their relationships with environmental factors. We analyzed the species diversity and functional diversity of deciduous broad-leaved forest, mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest, and evergreen broad-leaved forest in karst hills of Guilin through community investigation, determination of functional traits and environmental factors. And in combination with statistical methods such as one-way analysis of variance, multiple comparisons, and redundancy analysis to investigate the impact mechanisms of environmental factors on the species diversity and functional diversity of different vegetation types. The results were as follows: (1) The Patrick richness index was significantly higher in evergreen broad-leaved forest than that in deciduous broad-leaved forest, and mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest. The Pielou evenness index of mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest was the highest, followed by deciduous broad-leaved forest and the lowest in evergreen broad-leaved forest. (2) The functional richness index of evergreen broad-leaved forest was significantly higher than that of mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest and deciduous broad-leaved forest; the functional evenness index was the highest in mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest, the second in deciduous broad-leaved forest, and the lowest in evergreen broad-leaved forest. (3) Redundancy analysis combined with Monte Carlo random replacement test results indicated that species diversity of deciduous broad-leaved forest was mainly affected by canopy openness and soil water-soluble calcium. Functional diversity was affected by soil water-soluble calcium and rock exposure rate. Rock exposure rate and soil thickness were the main restricting factors that affect species diversity and functional diversity of mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest. In addition, species diversity was significantly affected by soil available nitrogen. The influencing factors of species diversity and functional diversity of evergreen broad-leaved forest were consistent, and they were all significantly affected by rock exposure rate, soil water content and soil thickness. The results of this study reveal the effects of species diversity and functional diversity of different forest vegetations on non-biological environmental changes, expand the understanding of species diversity and functional diversity of karst hills, and provide further reference for biodiversity protection of karst hills.

The article is devoted to the study of the patch as a stable tradition of the spiritual and material-artistic culture of the Turkic peoples. The patch is considered as a "participant" in ritual and ritual practice and manual artistic craft. The scientific novelty of the results lies in the fact that for the first time sources on the ritual and everyday practice of the Turkic peoples with the participation of the patch have been systematized. The collected material is summarized and formed as a comprehensive study. The reconstruction of the functions and the role of the patch in the ritual and daily practice of the Turkic peoples was carried out on the basis of a comparative analysis. The general and distinctive features in the artistic and technological techniques of patchwork technique are established and systematized. Ethnographic materials were collected during field research in the period 2019-2021 and introduce a set of factual sources into the history of art of the peoples of Central Asia. The findings can be used in developments in the field of ethnoculturology of the Turkic world.

The article is devoted to the study of the patch as a stable tradition of the spiritual and material-artistic culture of the Turkic peoples. The patch is considered as a "participant" in ritual and ritual practice and manual artistic craft. The scientific novelty of the results lies in the fact that for the first-time sources on the ritual and everyday practice of the Turkic peoples with the participation of the patch have been systematized. The collected material is summarized and formed as a comprehensive study. The reconstruction of the functions and the role of the patch in the ritual and daily practice of the Turkic peoples was carried out on the basis of a comparative analysis. The general and distinctive features in the artistic and technological techniques of patchwork technique are established and systematized. Ethnographic materials were collected during field research in the period 2019-2021 and introduce a set of factual sources into the history of art of the peoples of Central Asia. The findings can be used in developments in the field of ethnoculturology of the Turkic world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impact of ammonium (NH4+) stress on plant growth varies across species and cultivars, necessitating an in-depth exploration of the underlying response mechanisms. This study delves into elucidating the photosynthetic responses and differences in tolerance to NH4+ stress by investigating the effects on two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, Xumai25 (NH4+-less sensitive) and Yangmai20 (NH4+-sensitive). The cultivars were grown under hydroponic conditions with either sole ammonium nitrogen (NH4+, AN) or nitrate nitrogen (NO3−, NN) as the nitrogen source. NH4+ stress exerted a profound inhibitory effect on seedling growth and photosynthesis in wheat. However, these effects were less pronounced in Xumai25 than in Yangmai20. Dynamic photosynthetic analysis revealed that the suppression in photosynthesis was primarily attributed to stomatal limitation associated with a decrease in leaf water status and osmotic potential. Compared to Yangmai20, Xumai25 exhibited a significantly higher leaf K+ concentration and TaAKT1 upregulation, leading to a stronger stomatal opening and, consequently, a better photosynthetic performance under NH4+ stress. In conclusion, our study suggested stomatal limitation as the primary factor restricting photosynthesis under NH4+ stress. Furthermore, we demonstrated that improved regulation of osmotic substances contributed to higher stomatal conductance and enhanced photosynthetic performance in Xumai25. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the case of a patient with objective pulsatile tinnitus in the left ear secondary to multiple dural arteriovenous fistulas (dAVFs). Topics discussed include transverse-sigmoid sinus dAVFs and jugular foramen dAVFs supplied by multiple arteries found on the patient, temporal flow dynamics evaluation via four-dimensional contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography, and the multidisplinary treatment plan for the patient.