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106 results on '"Liang, J.B."'

1. Effects of ruminally undegradable protein levels on nitrogen and phosphorus balance and their excretion in Saanen goats fed oil palm fronds

Author

Basery, M., Pramote Paengkoum, Liang, J.B., and Jelan, Z.A.

Subjects
nitrogen, phosphorus, ruminally undegradable protein, Saanen goat, Technology, Technology (General), T1-995, Science, Science (General), Q1-390
Abstract

Twelve Saanen goats 3-4 months old with initial live weight (mean±SD) of 18.8±2.2 kg were used in a 4×4 Latin square design. Diets were isonitrogenous (15% CP) and isocaloric (3.6 Mcal/kg DM) and were fed ad libitum. Total mixed diets were composed of steamed oil palm fronds (OPF) and concentrate [urea, soybean meal (SBM), cassava waste, molasses, sulphur and commercial mineral and vitamin mix]. The treatments were four levels of ruminally undegradable protein (RUP) supplementation viz, 0, 2, 4 or 6% (0%RUP, 2%RUP, 4%RUP or 6%RUP, respectively). Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) intakes tended to be increased linearly (p=0.08 and p=0.09) as a consequence of additional of RUP supplementation. Similarly, %N absorption and retention, dry matter intake (DMI) and crude protein digestibility increased linearly (p>0.05) as a consequence of the additional of RUP supplementation. There were no effects of dietary treat- ment on P balance. However, P intake, absorption and retention tended to be increased as a consequence of additional of RUP supplementation. The linear equation between RUP (%) and P intake (g/d) of goats was Pintake = 2.05+0.056RUP; (p=0.07). Nitrogen and P retention also tended to increase with increasing levels of RUP supplementation. Manipulation of diet by supplementation of RUP in the rations can be used to reduce the amount of N excreted, especially N in urine, which in turn reduces ammonia emissions.

Published
2004

2. Enteric methane emission models for diverse beef cattle feeding systems in South-east Asia: A meta-analysis

Author

Tee, T.P., Goh, Y.M., Zainudin, M.H.M., Candyrine, S.C.L., Sommart, K., Kongphitee, K., Sumamal, W., Phaowphaisal, I., Namsilee, R., Angthong, W., Sunato, S., Keaokliang, O., Maeda, K., Thu, N.V., Trung, T.T., Dong, N.T.K., Purnomoadi, A., Kurihara, M., Jayanegara, A., Higuchi, K., Kobayashi, Y., Ohtani, F., Abe, H., Terada, F., Kumagai, H., Matsuyama, H., Nonaka, I., Takusari, N., Shiba, N., Hosoda, K., Suzuki, T., Kamiya, Y., Nishida, T., Hayasaka, K., Shibata, M., Wang, M., Tan, Z.L., Wang, R., Kebreab, E., van Lingen, H.J., Hristov, A.N., and Liang, J.B.

Published
2022
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5. Selective Maternal Seeding and Rearing Environment From Birth to Weaning Shape the Developing Piglet Gut Microbiome

Author

Chen, W., Ma, J., Jiang, Y., Deng, L., Lv, N., Gao, J., Cheng, J., Liang, J.B., Wang, Y., Lan, T., Liao, X., and Mi, J.

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), fluids and secretions, animal diseases, Microbiology, piglet, gut microbiome, maternal seeding, rearing environment, colonization, Colonization, Gut Microbiome, Maternal Seeding, Piglet, Rearing Environment, ddc
Abstract

The acquisition and development of the mammalian microbiome early in life are critical to establish a healthy host-microbiome symbiosis. Despite recent advances in understanding microbial sources in infants, the relative contribution of various microbial sources to the colonization of the gut microbiota in pigs remains unclear. Here, we longitudinally sampled the microbiota of 20 sow-piglet pairs (three piglets per sow) reared under identical conditions from multiple body sites and the surrounding weaning environment from birth to 28 days postpartum (1,119 samples in total). Source-tracking analysis revealed that the contribution of various microbial sources to the piglet gut microbiome gradually changed over time. The neonatal microbiota was initially sparsely populated, and the predominant contribution was from the maternal vaginal microbiota that increased gradually from 69.0% at day 0 to 89.3% at day 3 and dropped to 0.28% at day 28. As the piglets aged, the major microbial community patterns were most strongly associated with the sow feces and slatted floor, with contributions increasing from 0.52 and 9.6% at day 0 to 62.1 and 33.8% at day 28, respectively. The intestinal microbial diversity, composition, and function significantly changed as the piglets aged, and 30 age-discriminatory bacterial taxa were identified with distinctive time-dependent shifts in their relative abundance, which likely reflected the effect of the maternal and environmental microbial sources on the selection and adaptation of the piglet gut microbiota. Overall, these data demonstrate that the vaginal microbiota is the primary source of the gut microbiota in piglets within 3 days after birth and are gradually replaced by the sow fecal and slatted floor microbiota over time. These findings may offer novel strategies to promote the establishment of exogenous symbiotic microbes to improve piglet gut health.

Published
2021

7. Prebiotic effects of oligosaccharides extracted from palm kernel expeller on different levels of Salmonella typhimurium infection in chicks

Author

Rezaei, S., Chen, W.L., Candyrine, S.C.L., Foo, R.Q., Jahromi, M.F., Farjam, A.S., Zulkifli, I., and Liang, J.B.

Subjects
chicken, immune gene, microbial population, immunoglobulin, chicken, immunoglobulin, immune gene, microbial population
Abstract

Prebiotic effects of oligosaccharides extract from palm kernel expeller (OligoPKE) on Salmonella typhimurium were investigated in chicks in two experiments. Results of the first experiment showed that OligoPKE reduced the colonization of Salmonella typhimurium in the cecum and increased the immunoglobulin A (IgA) production in the blood and jejunum. The second experiment further investigated the prebiotic efficacy of dietary supplementation of OligoPKE on three levels of Salmonella typhimurium infection (1.0 x 104 Colony-forming unit (CFU)/mL; 1.0 x 106 CFU/mL and 1.0 x 108 CFU/mL) in chicks. OligoPKE reduced the colonization of Salmonella in the medium and high levels of infection. IgA level in serum and jejunum content increased significantly in all the three levels of infection when chicks received OligoPKE in their diet. Interleukin 8, and 10; interferon-α; and tumour necrosis factor genes were up-regulated in the jejunum of the infected chicks, and OligoPKE down-regulated these gene expressions. Results of the current study indicated that OligoPKE, an oligosaccharides extract from palm kernel expeller, is capable of reducing colonization of Salmonella typhimurium in young chicks, and boosted their immunity.Keywords: chicken, immunoglobulin, immune gene, microbial population

Published
2019

16. Ruminal and intestinal digestibilities of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) fronds in cattle

Author

Pramote Paengkoum, Liang, J.B., Basery, M., and Jelan, Z.A.

Subjects
cattle, lcsh:T, oil palm fronds, lcsh:Technology (General), lcsh:T1-995, lcsh:Q, mobile bag, lcsh:Science, lcsh:Science (General), nylon bag, lcsh:Technology, lcsh:Q1-390
Abstract

The objective of this study was to determine the degradability in the rumen and digestibility in the intestine of untreated oil palm fronds (OPF), chopped and steamed (CSOPF), and pelleted and steamed (PSOPF) using nylonbag and mobile bag techniques. Three cattle with an average weight of 314+-14kg each fitted with a permanent rumen and a T-shaped duodenum cannulae were used. The cattle were fed a maintenance diet (1.5% DM of their BW) composed of 70% pelleted OPF and 30% concentrate. The potenitial degradation of DM, OM,NDF and CP of CSOPF (70.20%, 75.20%, 52.00% and 57.70%, respectively) and PSOPF (71.60%, 73.6%,56.00% and 57.80%, respectively) were significantly higher(p0.05).

Published
2001

20. Optimization of the Fermentation Conditions to Reduce Anti-Nutritive Factors in Soybean Meal.

Author

Zhang, Y.T., Yu, B., Lu, Y.H., Wang, J., Liang, J.B., Tufarelli, V., Laudadio, V., and Liao, X.D.

Subjects
SOYBEAN meal, FERMENTED foods, NUTRITIONAL value, FOOD microbiology, ENZYMES in food, PROTEASE inhibitors
Abstract

Fermentation using appropriate microorganisms can remove anti-nutritional factors such as protease inhibitor, thus improving the feeding value of soybean meal, a major feed ingredient in pig diet. Two in vitro experiments were conducted to obtain the appropriate conditions for fermentation of soybean meal. Experiment 1 consisted of eight treatments from combinations of two levels of three microorganisms ( Bacillus subtilis KC 101, Saccharomyces cerevisiae JM 102 and Bacillus lactis RG 103). Fermentation broth was mixed with soybean meal in 18 L bucket incubated under normal room temperature (averaged 21C) for 10 days. Results of the experiment showed that protease inhibitor activity in treatment with 20 g Bacillus subtilis KC 101 was significantly lower while content of small peptides was higher than those of 10 g Bacillus subtilis KC 101 treatments. Based on results of Experiment 1, the higher level combination of the three microorganisms was selected and incubated with soybean meal in 3 L beaker at 25, 30 and 35C for 7 days in a follow-up experiment. In Experiment 2, protease inhibitor activity on day 5 declined by 93.30, 94.46 and 94.40% in fermented soybean meal, respectively, for the 25, 30 and 35C, and the protease inhibitor activity in the 35C treatment (170.03 TIU/g) was significantly lower than those of 25 and 30C (204.02 and 190.76 TIU/g) ( P < 0.05). In addition, free amino acids content in the 35C treatment was the highest. The quantity of Filamentous fungi increased rapidly after day 5 in the 25 and 30C treatments, but the increase occurred only after day 6 for the 35C treatment. In addition, the population of Filamentous fungi was lowest for the 35C treatment. Results of our study suggested that treatment at 35C was most beneficial to improve the quality of fermented soybean meal. Practical Applications Soybean meal is the primary protein ingredient in feed industry, but the presence of anti-nutritional factors such as protease inhibitor in soybean meal reduces its feeding value. Fermentation using appropriate microorganisms can remove anti-nutritional factors such as protease inhibitor thus improving the feeding value of soybean meal. Results of our study suggested that treatment at 35C was the most beneficial to improve the quality of fermented soybean meal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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25. Growth performance, carcass characteristics and blood parameters of broiler chickens fed on canola meal under high environmental temperature.

Author

Aljuobori, A., Zulkifli, I., Soleimani, A. F., Abdullah, N., and Liang, J.B.

Subjects
BROILER chickens, POULTRY growth, POULTRY feeding
Abstract

Copyright of European Poultry Science / Archiv für Geflügelkunde is the property of Verlag Eugen Ulmer and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2016
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34. Risk of heavy metal accumulation in agricultural soil when livestock manure and organic waste is used for fertilisation

Author

Ong, I., Tee, T.P., Liang, J.B., Hansen, Martin N., Ong, I., Tee, T.P., Liang, J.B., and Hansen, Martin N.

Abstract

Increased use of livestock manure and organic waste within agriculture may cause soil accumulation of heavy metal. Sewage sludge and composted organic waste are important heavy metal sources. However, livestock manure is the major source of copper and zinc. Heavy metal balances calculations have shown that actual annual inputs of especially copper and zinc exceeds annual output considerably, which may create unacceptable soil concentrations of heavy metals in regions with dense livestock production.

Published
2002

37. Quantum-well anisotropic forbidden transitions induced by a common-atom interface potential

Author

Chen, Y.H., Yang, Z., Wang, Z.G., Bo, Xu, Liang, J.B., Chen, Y.H., Yang, Z., Wang, Z.G., Bo, Xu, and Liang, J.B.

Abstract

A prominent effect of the interface potential (IP) [E. L. Ivchenko and A. Yu. Kaminski, Phys. Rev. B 54, 5852 (1996); O. Krebs and P. Voisin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 77, 1829 (1996)], the optical anisotropy of the forbidden transitions in quantum wells has been observed by reflectance-difference spectroscopy. Predictions by the heavy-light-hole coupling IP models are qualitatively consistent with all the observed features of the forbidden and the allowed transitions. The fact that the predicted value of the relative transition strength, which depends on neither the IP strength nor the electric field, disagrees with the observed one indicates that coupling involving X and/or L bands may also be important.

Published
1999

40. Optical anisotropy of InAs submonolayer quantum wells in a (311) GaAs matrix

Author

Chen, Y.H., Yang, Z., Wang, Z.G., Xu, B., Liang, J.B., Qian, J.J., Chen, Y.H., Yang, Z., Wang, Z.G., Xu, B., Liang, J.B., and Qian, J.J.

Abstract

The in-plane optical anisotropy which comes from the heavy-hole and the light-hole transitions in InAs submonolayers inserted in a (311)-oriented GaAs matrix is studied by reflectance-difference spectroscopy (RDS). The steplike density of states obtained from RDS demonstrates that the ultrathin InAs layers should be regarded as two-dimensional quantum wells rather than isolated clusters, even for the sample with only 1/3-ML InAs. The degree of anisotropy is found to be independent of the layer coverage, and is within the intrinsic anisotropy of (311)-oriented ultrathin quantum wells, indicating that there is little structural or strain anisotropy in the InAs submonolayer grown on a (311) GaAs surface.

Published
1997

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