Search

The navigation safety of polar ships depends on accurate monitoring of ice conditions along the route. Complex polar environments but scarce ice datasets pose challenges for deep learning‐based object detection methods. To address this issue, we propose an ice monitoring method based on polar environment adaptive image enhancement. This approach adaptively augments the ice dataset by simulating polar environments such as snowflakes and aurora to improve the training precision of ice detection models in harsh polar environments and meet the needs of safe navigation of polar ships. First, an image augmentation method based on randomly generated snowflake textures is proposed to address the difficulty of covering polar storm scenarios in existing ice datasets, which leads to weak generalization of ice monitoring models. Second, targeting the problem that the boundary between ice and background is confused by aurora phenomena, which severely reduces the ice monitoring accuracy, we propose an image augmentation method based on aurora simulations to improve the ice monitoring performance of trained models under aurora. Finally, an adaptive image augmentation strategy based on the brightness‐contrast threshold is proposed to optimize the snowflake density and aurora intensity in the augmented images to improve the discrimination of ice boundaries. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, which improves the ice state detection accuracy from 0.640 to 0.950, thus providing a reliable guarantee for the safe navigation of polar ships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus (H9N2 AIV) evolves naturally, mutations in the hemagglutinin (HA) protein still occur, which involves some sites with glycosylations. It is widely established that glycosylation of the H9N2 AIV HA protein has a major impact on the antigenicity and pathogenicity of the virus. However, the biological implications of a particular glycosylation modification site (GMS) have not been well investigated. In this study, we generated viruses with different GMSs based on wild-type (WT) viruses. Antigenicity studies revealed that the presence of viruses with a 200G+/295G− mutation (with glycosylation at position 200 and deletion of glycosylation at position 295 in the HA protein) combined with a single GMS, such as 87G+, 127G+, 148G+, 178G+, or 265G+, could significantly affect the antigenicity of the virus. Pathogenicity assays revealed that the addition of GMS, such as 127G+, 188G+, 148G+, 178G+, or 54G+, decreased the virulence of the virus in mice, except for 87G+. The removal of GMS, such as 280G− or 295G−, increased the pathogenicity of the virus in mice. Further studies on pathogenicity revealed that 87G+/295G− could also enhance the pathogenicity of the virus. Finally, we selected the WT, WT-87G+, WT-295G−, and WT-87G+/295G− strains as our further research targets to investigate the detailed biological properties of the viruses. GMS, which can enhance viral pathogenicity, did not significantly affect replication or viral stability in vitro but significantly promoted the expression of proinflammatory factors to enhance inflammatory responses in mouse lungs. These findings further deepen our understanding of the influence of the glycosylation of the HA protein of H9N2 AIV on the pathogenicity and antigenicity of the virus in mice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the intermediate of SPDPC flame retardant curing agent was successfully synthesized through the reaction between phosphorus oxychloride and pentaerythritol under the catalysis of 4-dimethylaminopyridine. Using 1,2-propylenediamine and the prepared SPDPC, a novel phosphorus and nitrogen flame retardant curing agent named poly1,2-propylenediamine pentaerythritol diphosphate (PDS) was successfully synthesized. The target product was subjected to characterization using infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, hydrogen NMR spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. The molecular structure of the product was determined and its decomposition temperature curve obtained, leading to the conclusion that it could be cured at high temperatures. DDS was selected as the curing agent for epoxy E-51, the specific curing conditions were obtained by DSC test. Subsequently, E-51, DDS and PDS were mixed for high temperature curing resulting in obtaining test spline of PDS-E-51 flame retardant composite material. Then, the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of the spline were tested. It was observed that pure EP cured by DDS had an LOI of only 19.5%, indicating its flammability. However, upon addition of PDS as a flame retardant, the LOI significantly increased with 20 parts resulting in an LOI of 29.7%. The addition of 25 parts results in an increase in limiting oxygen index to 30.3%, while the tensile strength and impact strength are measured at 38.27 MPa and 5.087 kJ/m2 respectively. The CCT test shows that the addition of PDS can significantly reduce the HHR and THR of the system. CCT digital photos show that the addition of PDS can make the combustion residue of the system expand obviously, showing a good expansion and flame retardant effect. TG-FTIR gas phase infrared absorption indicates that the addition of PDS can reduce the concentration of combustible gas in the combustion process. Test results indicate that the mechanical properties of PDS-E-51 flame retardant composites experience a certain degree of decline, but with increasing amounts of PDS curing agent added, their flame retardancy is significantly enhanced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regulating autophagy to control the homeostatic recycling process of cancer cells is a promising anticancer strategy. Golgi apparatus is a substrate of autophagy but the Golgi‐autophagy (Golgiphagy) mediated antitumor pathway is rarely reported. Herein, we have developed a novel Golgi‐targeted platinum (II) complex Pt3, which is ca. 20 times more cytotoxic to lung carcinoma than cisplatin and can completely eliminate tumors after intratumoral administration in vivo. Its nano‐encapsulated system for tail vein administration also features a good anti‐tumor effect. Mechanism studies indicate that Pt3 induces substantial Golgi stress, indicated by the fragmentation of Golgi structure, down‐regulation of Golgi proteins (GM130, GRASP65/55), loss of Golgi‐dependent transport and glycosylation. This triggers Golgiphagy but blocks the subsequent fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes, that is a dual role in autophagy regulation, resulting in loss of proteostasis and apoptotic cell death. As far as we know, Pt3 is the first Golgi‐targeted Pt complex that can trigger Golgi stress‐mediated dual‐regulation of autophagic flux and autophagy‐apoptosis crosstalk for highly efficient cancer therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regulating autophagy to control the homeostatic recycling process of cancer cells is a promising anticancer strategy. Golgi apparatus is a substrate of autophagy but the Golgi‐autophagy (Golgiphagy) mediated antitumor pathway is rarely reported. Herein, we have developed a novel Golgi‐targeted platinum (II) complex Pt3, which is ca. 20 times more cytotoxic to lung carcinoma than cisplatin and can completely eliminate tumors after intratumoral administration in vivo. Its nano‐encapsulated system for tail vein administration also features a good anti‐tumor effect. Mechanism studies indicate that Pt3 induces substantial Golgi stress, indicated by the fragmentation of Golgi structure, down‐regulation of Golgi proteins (GM130, GRASP65/55), loss of Golgi‐dependent transport and glycosylation. This triggers Golgiphagy but blocks the subsequent fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes, that is a dual role in autophagy regulation, resulting in loss of proteostasis and apoptotic cell death. As far as we know, Pt3 is the first Golgi‐targeted Pt complex that can trigger Golgi stress‐mediated dual‐regulation of autophagic flux and autophagy‐apoptosis crosstalk for highly efficient cancer therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic pain is a prevalent issue worldwide and is a significant contributor to human suffering and disability. The Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised has exhibited favorable reliability and validity. However, its applicability yet to be explored in China. We aimed to create a simplified Chinese version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised for chronic pain patients by conducting cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation. This study employs a two- phase design. In phase 1, the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised was cross-culturally translated and adapted in accordance with international guidelines. In phase 2, the simplified Chinese version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised was administered to 417 participants along with Numerical Rating Scale to assess its psychometric properties. The final analysis consisted of data from 376 participants. The scale had a Cronbach's α coefficient of 0.944. Moreover, the scale exhibited excellent content validity and was divided into two dimensions: identifying high impact chronic pain; and the Pain, Enjoyment, and General Activities subscale. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed that these dimensions had a good model fit. Additionally, the simplified Chinese version of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised demonstrated good convergent and discriminant validity. The receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated that grades 2 and 3 had a good predictive effect on limiting participants' work ability, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was equal to 0.91. The present study demonstrates the successful adaptation of the Graded Chronic Pain Scale-Revised into Simplified Chinese, with the revised version exhibiting favorable psychometric properties. This scale addresses the shortcomings of domestic chronic pain grading assessment tools, providing a valuable instrument for evaluating the severity of chronic pain in Chinese clinical practice and serving as a reference and basis for other research related to chronic pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is one of the most common types of food allergy in infants. Faecal pathogen cultures showed that the positive rate of Clostridium perfringens was more than 30%, which was significantly higher than that for other bacteria. Therefore, it is speculated that Clostridium perfringens colonization may be one of the pathogenetic factors for CMPA in infants. We conducted a real-world evidence study. Infants aged 0–6 months with diarrhoea and mucoid and/or bloody stools were recruited from a large tertiary hospital in China. Faecal pathogen cultures for the detection of Clostridium perfringens were confirmed by flight mass spectrometry, and potential toxin genes were identified using PCR. After 12 months of follow-up, the diagnoses of CMPA and food allergy were recorded. The correlation was assessed by Pearson correlation analysis. Results: In this study, 358 infants aged 0–6 months with gastrointestinal symptoms and faecal pathogen cultures were recruited. A total of 270 (44.07% girls; mean age, 2.78 ± 2.84 months) infants were followed up for 12 months. Overall, the rate of positivity for Clostridium perfringens in faecal pathogen cultures was 35.75% (128/358) in infants aged ≤ 6 months. The earliest Clostridium perfringens colonization was detected within 2 days after birth. The majority of Clostridium perfringens isolates were classified as type C in 85 stool samples. In the Clostridium perfringens-positive group, 48.21% (54/112) of infants were clinically diagnosed with food allergies after 12 months, including 37.5% (42/112) with CMPA, which was significantly higher than that of the negative group, with 7.59% (12/158) exhibiting food allergies and 5.06% (8/158) presenting CMPA (P < 0.0001). Faecal Clostridium perfringens positivity was significantly correlated with CMPA, food allergy, faecal occult blood, faecal white blood cells, antibiotic use, increased peripheral blood platelet counts, and decreased haemoglobin levels (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: This study demonstrates that intestinal colonization by Clostridium perfringens is common in infants. The majority of Clostridium perfringens isolates are classified as type C. Colonization of the intestine by Clostridium perfringens is associated with the development of CMPA and food allergy in infants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dysregulation of histone modifications has been implicated in the pathogenesis of both inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). These diseases are characterized by chronic inflammation, and alterations in histone modifications have been linked to their development and progression. Furthermore, the gut microbiota plays a crucial role in regulating immune responses and maintaining gut homeostasis, and it has been shown to exert effects on histone modifications and gene expression in host cells. Recent advances in our understanding of the roles of histone-modifying enzymes and their associated chromatin modifications in IBD and CRC have provided new insights into potential therapeutic interventions. In particular, inhibitors of histone-modifying enzymes have been explored in clinical trials as a possible therapeutic approach for these diseases. This review aims to explore these potential therapeutic interventions and analyze previous and ongoing clinical trials that examined the use of histone-modifying enzyme inhibitors for the treatment of IBD and CRC. This paper will contribute to the current body of knowledge by exploring the latest advances in the field and discussing the limitations of existing approaches. By providing a comprehensive analysis of the potential benefits of targeting histone-modifying enzymes for the treatment of IBD and CRC, this review will help to inform future research in this area and highlight the significance of understanding the functions of histone-modifying enzymes and their associated chromatin modifications in gastrointestinal disorders for the development of potential therapeutic interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims To develop more potent drugs that eradicate persister bacteria and cure persistent urinary tract infections (rUTIs). Methods and results We synthesized eight novel clinifloxacin analogs and measured minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), the time-kill curves in uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) UTI89, and applied the candidate drugs and combinations against biofilm bacteria in vitro and in mice. Transcriptomic analysis was performed for UPEC after candidate drug treatment to shed light on potential mechanism of action. We identified Compound 2, named Qingdafloxacin (QDF), which was more potent than clinafloxacin and clinically used levofloxacin and moxifloxacin, with an MIC of < 0.04 μg ml−1 and an MBC of 0.08∼0.16 μg ml−1. In drug combination studies, QDF + gentamicin + nitrofuran combination but not single drugs completely eradicated all stationary phase bacteria containing persisters and biofilm bacteria, and all bacteria in a persistent UTI mouse model. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the unique antipersister activity of QDF was associated with downregulation of genes involved in bacterial stress response, DNA repair, protein misfolding repair, pyrimidine metabolism, glutamate, and glutathione metabolism, and efflux. Conclusions QDF has high antipersister activity and its drug combinations proved highly effective against biofilm bacteria in vitro and persistent UTIs in mice, which may have implications for treating rUTIs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the shift of coal resources to deep mining, the occurrence of long‐distance coal seams has increased, and protective layer mining is facing new challenges. This paper attempts to explain the stress evolution law of the upper coal group in the long‐distance mining of the lower coal group in Pingdingshan No. 8 Coal Mine. A simulation model of advance mining of lower‐group coal long‐distance was established. The stress evolution law of the upper coal seam under the influence of advanced mining disturbance of the lower coal seam is studied. The following conclusions were obtained: The advance mining of the lower coal group had a positive or negative impact on the stress distribution of the upper coal seam group. With the recovery of the lower coal group of the F‐21030 working face, the overburden of the F‐21030 goaf finally formed a "Y" type pressure relief area. The pressure relief effect of the E‐21070 working face near the stopping line was obvious. The coal seam of Group E was divided into three areas affected by the advance mining of the lower coal seam. The maximum pressure relief value was 6.6% lower than the initial stress. According to the simulation results, the E‐21070 working face was divided into three regions, namely, the pressure relief region, the stress increase region, and the original stress region. According to the field drainage results of pressure relief gas, the extraction curve could be divided into three parts, namely, the stable area, pressure relief area, and stress recovery area. The maximum pure gas drainage volume could reach seven to eight times of the original area. The pressure relief extraction effect was remarkable, and the optimal extraction range was 22–210 m behind the coal face of the group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Elevated cholesterol significantly increases the risk of developing atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. The key to treating hypercholesterolemia is lowering plasma cholesterol levels. There have been no studies on the cholesterol-lowering potential of parthenolide (PTL), a naturally occurring small molecule from Tanacetum parthenium. Here, we first put forth PTL's cholesterol-lowering ability to inhibit cellular uptake of cholesterol in a dose-dependent manner. Its performance was on par with the positive control drug, ezetimibe. Niemann–Pick C1 Like-1 (NPC1L1) has been identified as a potential therapeutic target for hypercholesterolemia. The interaction of PTL with NPC1L1 could be explained by the results of molecular docking and filipin staining further reinforces this hypothesis. Furthermore, PTL reduced the expression of NPC1L1 in HepG2 cells in a concentration-dependent manner, which suggests that PTL functions as a potential NPC1L1 inhibitor with therapeutic potential for hypercholesterolemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simple and fast method to prepare high-performance graphene to improve polyolefin performance is highly desirable to fulfil the technical requirements of modern society. In this paper, flake graphite was the main raw material used to prepare thick sheet graphene (TSG). (NH4)2PtCl6, H3PO4 and H2SO4 were added to flake graphite to prepare TSG by a hydrothermal method and a high-temperature expansion method. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) results show that the TSG adopted a worm-like structure with large open voids and significantly increased layer spacing, specifically a lamellar structure. TSG/polyolefin composites were prepared by the melt blending method. The XRD results show that melt intercalation of TSG in polyolefin was realized under the action of shear force. When the TSG content was 0.1%, the tensile strength (17.1 MPa), impact strength (58.0 kJ·m−2) and bending modulus (144.3 MPa) of linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) increased by 10.4%, 21.0% and 6.6%, respectively. When the TSG content was 0.1%, the tensile strength (19.9 MPa) and bending modulus (278.9 MPa) of polypropylene random copolymer (PPR) increased by 7.7% and 16.7%, respectively. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) test results show that the addition of TSG can effectively increase the crystallinity of polyolefin, and the crystallinity of LLDPE and PPR reached 31.5% and 50.4%, respectively. At the same time, the SEM test results show that the addition of TSG can effectively improve the polyolefin profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an efficient implementation of the four-way coupled point-particle direct numerical simulation (PP-DNS) for compressible particle-laden wall turbulence, utilizing the open-source finite-difference compressible Navier–Stokes solver, STREAmS. The proposed design integrates a GPU-based two-phase collision detection algorithm known as the spatial subdivision method, along with specialized storage and MPI communication strategies for Lagrangian particles on multi-GPU platforms. Specifically, a 'page table' like data structure is designed to store the particle information compactly and to enable highly parallelized packing and unpacking procedures for GPU-GPU data exchange. These advancements significantly reduce the computational cost of four-way coupled particle-laden flow simulations, enabling efficient simulations involving over O (1 0 7) particles (an order of magnitude higher than that in the state-of-the-art simulations) on a single NVIDIA A100 GPU. To validate the proposed implementation, we perform simulations of compressible particle-laden wall-bounded turbulence using canonical configurations such as channel flows and zero-pressure-gradient boundary layers. The example results highlight the effects of inter-particle collisions and flow compressibility. Furthermore, we assess single-GPU performance and scalability by employing up to eight NVIDIA GPU devices. Even for four-way coupled simulations, the elapsed time per step scales approximately linearly with the number of particles (when the number of particles is large enough), and a parallel efficiency of 94.1% is achieved on 8 NVIDIA A100 GPUs. [Display omitted] • Multi-GPU acceleration strategies for PP-DNS are proposed. • Efficient four-way coupled simulations involving over 1 0 7 particles are realized. • The significance of four-way coupling effects are preliminarily demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

H9N2 avian influenza virus (AIV), one of the predominant subtypes devastating the poultry industry, has been circulating widely in the poultry population and causing huge economic losses. In this study, two H9N2 viruses with similar genetic backgrounds but different antigenicity were isolated from a poultry farm, namely A/chicken/Jiangsu/75/2018 (JS/75) and A/chicken/Jiangsu/76/2018 (JS/76). Sequence analysis revealed that their surface genes differed in three amino acid residues (127, 183 and 212) on the head of hemagglutinin (HA). To explore the differences between the two viruses in their biological features, six recombinant viruses, including the wild‐type or mutant HA and NA of JS/75 and JS/76 were generated with A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (PR8) backbone via reverse genetics. The chicken challenge study and HI assay data indicated that r‐76/PR8 showed the most obvious antigen escape due to 127 and 183 amino acid substitutions in HA gene. Further studies verified that the 127N site was glycosylated in JS/76 and its mutants. Receptor‐binding assays showed that all the recombination viruses were prone to bind the human‐like receptors, except for the mutants which glycosylated 127N was deleted. Growth kinetics and mice challenge experiments indicated that 127N‐glycosylated viruses showed less replication in A549 cells and lower pathogenicity in mice compared with wild‐type viruses. Therefore, the glycosylation site and two amino acid alternations in the HA globular head were responsible for the differences in antigenicity and pathogenicity between the two H9N2 isolates. This study is significant in the research of the antigenic variation and vaccine updates for the H9N2 AIV. Also, highlighted the critical functions of glycosylation in the influenza virus on the pathogenicity against mammals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we report a tetranuclear Co4 cluster, namely [Co4(L)2(μ2-OCH3)2(μ3-OCH3)2(CH3OH)2]·2CH3OH (1, H2L = 2-{[(2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]amino}benzoic acid). The complex was synthesized and characterized by IR, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction. X-ray crystallography reveals that complex belongs to the monoclinic crystal system, space group P21/n. Further, their fluorescence and magnetic properties are also discussed. The variable temperature magnetic susceptibilities for complex indicate the existence of antiferromagnetic exchange interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Upper protective seam mining has been widely applied in China, but the theory of long-distance multiple upper protective seam mining is not yet perfect. In order to investigate the overburden stress evolution law of repetitive mining of long-distance coal seam groups, an experimental study was conducted to simulate similar materials under repeated mining conditions in the long-distance double upper protective layer in the background of Pingmei Group 8th coal mine. By analyzing the roof-collapse structure and the stress evolution law of different layers of the floor during the superposition mining, the pressure-relief range of the protective layer after the mining of the double upper protective layer was determined. The study results showed that: the pressure relief of the protective layer in the long-distance upper protective layer mining was a dynamic process. After the mining of Group D coal seam, the maximum impact depth of the bottom plate could reach 182 m, and the pressure-relief angle of the upper side of Group E coal seam was 65°, and the pressure-relief angle of the lower side was 75°. The distance behind the vertical projection of the working face of Group D was 42 m. The overlapping back mining would affect the stress distribution of Group F coal seam. The pressure-relief angle of the upper side of Group F coal seam was 88°, and the pressure-relief angle of the lower side was greater than 78°. The distance behind the vertical projection of the working face of Group E was less than 61 m. The superposition and staggered mining of double protective layers could expand the protective layer. Through the verification of the measurement of gas parameters on site, it can be seen from the results that it has a certain protection effect. The research results can enrich the theory of long-distance multiple upper protective layer mining, and provide theoretical guidance for long-distance Coal Seam Group Mining in Pingmei coal-mine area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered a promising treatment for ischemic diseases, but their use is limited due to poor survival after injection. Hypoxia can significantly enhance the survival of MSCs. This study aimed to investigate hypoxia pretreatment of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in hindlimb ischemia (HI) and the underlying mechanism. The HI mouse model was established and human BM-MSCs were injected into ischemic skeletal muscles. The blood flow reperfusion and capillary density were measured. In vitro, human BM-MSC cells were treated with hypoxia. The expression of NRG-1 and associated angiogenic factors were measured after knockdown or overexpression of NRG-1. The conditioned medium (CdM) of BM-MSCs was prepared and co-cultured with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and then, the proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis of HUVECs were detected. After hypoxia pretreatment, NRG-1 expression, clone formation, proliferation, and angiogenic factor secretion from BM-MSCs were increased, while knockdown of NRG-1 reversed these results. In normoxia condition, overexpression of NRG-1 enhanced above factors. Additionally, hypoxia pretreatment of BM-MSCs induced the proliferation and migration of HUVECs and angiogenesis. Moreover, the injection of hypoxia pretreatment of BM-MSCs improved blood reperfusion and capillary density in HI mice, while knockdown of NRG-1 reversed the effect. Furthermore, the PI3K inhibitor and activator reversed the effect of NRG-1 overexpression and knockdown on angiogenesis. We concludes that hypoxia pretreatment of BM-MSCs facilitates angiogenesis and alleviates HI injury via NRG-1/PI3K/AKT pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To address the problem of instability and failure of the 11,514 return air roadway caused by dynamic pressure in Jinhuagong Coal Mine, this study uses theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and field test methods. The disturbance deformation mechanism and the surrounding rock control technology for the 11,514 return air roadway during face‐to‐face mining and excavation are analyzed. The results show that the causes of regional asymmetric deformation and failure of the surrounding rock of the 11,514 return air roadway are multiple superpositions of lateral bearing pressure of the 11,812 mined‐out area, mining stress in the 8814 working face, and advanced stress of the 11,514 return air roadway. When mining and excavation faces meet, the 11,514 return air roadway is affected by the superimposition of the mining stress. At the same time, the solid coal side of the roadway is in the mining pressure relief area in the 8814 working face in the upper coal seam, and the asymmetric distribution of the principal stress on both sides of the 11,514 return air roadway causes deformation and failure of the surrounding rock. Based on the differences in superimposed stress disturbance in different parts of the roadway, a subsection control technology is proposed. This technology is focused on supporting secondary reinforcement in the range of 40 m before and after the mining overlap position on the 11,514 roadway. Field measurement data confirm the effectiveness of this support technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Doxorubicin (Dox) is an effective chemotherapeutic drug for the treatment of various cancers. Due to its potential fatal cardiotoxic side effects, the clinical application is often limited. Dexrazoxane (Dex) is the only drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the prevention of Dox-induced cardiotoxicity but has side effects. Thus, more protective strategies should be explored. If NAD+ plays a role in maintaining heart function, its precursor prospectively alleviates Dox-induced cellular injury. Here, we studied the protective effects of nicotinic acid riboside (NAR) on Dox-induced cardiotoxicity in vivo and in vitro. We found that NAR significantly improved the cardiac function of Dox-treated mice by restoring ejection fraction (EF), fractional shortening (FS), and serum level of cardiac troponin (cTnI). NAR not only reduced malondialdehyde (MDA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in Dox-treated cardiomyocytes but also further promoted the activities of cardiac superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH). Following exposure to 5 μM Dox, cotreatment with NAR exhibited increased cell viability with a decrease in the apoptosis cell population. Moreover, the levels of apoptosis-related proteins, as well as proteins involved in oxidative stress and autophagy, were altered after NAR treatment. Collectively, these findings underline the protective potential of NAR against Dox-induced cardiomyocyte injury by regulating Nrf-2/P62-related oxidative stress and autophagy, which could potentially promote survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The phase equilibrium conditions of methane hydrate, particularly the phase equilibrium pressure, are influenced by capillary pressure. In this study, the existing model for phase equilibrium pressure is enhanced, and a novel methane hydrate dissociation model is formulated by integrating it with the established hydrate dissociation model. A numerical simulation is conducted on experimental research, and the reliability of the model is validated through comparison with experimental data, yielding consistent results. The significance and necessity of considering capillary pressure between hydrate and water in the exploration of methane hydrate dissociation in micropores are elucidated. The proposed model is employed to further elucidate the evolution of various factors such as methane generation rate, phase distribution, temperature distribution, and phase equilibrium pressure distribution. The findings underscore the critical role of capillary pressure between hydrates and water, emphasizing its substantial impact on the accuracy of hydrate dissociation models. Specifically, the cumulative gas production and methane generation rate values obtained are relatively diminished when neglecting capillary pressure between hydrate and water. Capillary pressure, hydrate dissociation effects, and the coupled effect of interphase heat transfer collectively influence the distribution of phase equilibrium pressure, methane generation rate, phase distribution, temperature distribution, and phase equilibrium pressure distribution. Capillary pressure elevates the phase equilibrium pressure of hydrate, augments the driving force for hydrate dissociation, and accelerates the dissociation process. • Hydrate dissociation model is proposed based on an improved phase equilibrium model. • Significance and necessity of considering capillary pressure are elucidated. • Coupling effects of capillary pressure and hydrate dissociation are studied. • Capillary pressure raises hydrate phase equilibrium pressure and dissociation rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Migratory birds play an important role in the spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. To investigate the prevalence of MDR Escherichia coli in migratory birds in China and potential relationships with the environment, a total of 1387 samples (fecal samples, cloacal swabs, or throat swabs) were collected from migratory birds from three different river basins in China. The collected samples were processed and subjected to bacteriological examinations. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of the recovered isolates was performed using the E-test for the detection of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). Some antibiotic resistance genes were detected and the PCR products were confirmed by sequencing. In total, 478 (34.7%) E. coli isolates were recovered. The results showed that the drug-resistant E. coli isolates were highly resistant to β-lactams (43.7%) and tetracycline (22.6%), and 73 (15.3%) were MDR, including eight that were extended spectrum β-lactamase-positive. The retrieved strains harbored the blaCTX-M, blaTEM-1, tet(A), tet(B), tet(M), sul1, sul2, sul3, cmlA, floR, and intI1 genes with a prevalence of 5.9%, 36.4%, 80.5%, 11.9%, 6.8%, 6.8%, 47.5%, 12.7%, 50.8%, 37.3%, and 61.0%, respectively. The drug resistance rate of the isolates from southern China was higher than those from northern China. The E. coli samples collected for migratory birds in the Pearl River Basin had the highest proportion (46.7%) MDR isolates. Furthermore, MDR bacteria carried by migratory birds were closely related to the antibiotic content in the basin, which confirms that MDR bacteria carried by migratory birds are likely acquired from the environment. This study also confirmed that migratory birds are potential transmitters of MDR bacteria, demonstrating the need to reduce the use and emission of antibiotics and further in-depth studies on the mechanisms underlying drug resistance of bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this work was to investigate preventive effect of dexmedetomidine combined with sevoflurane on neurological disorders in liver cancer patients during postoperative recovery under the ultrasound image restoration (UIR) algorithm. A blind deconvolution medical UIR algorithm was established in this study. The patients anesthetized with sevoflurane for liver cancer surgery were rolled into an experimental group (group A) (dexmedetomidine treatment before surgery) and a control group (group B) (normal saline treatment before surgery). They were monitored routinely before, during, and after surgery, and immune and liver functions of patients were observed before and after surgery. Besides, their cognitive function and adverse reactions were assessed after surgery. Results showed that patients from group A had smaller fluctuation in average arterial blood pressure and heart rate, but their bispectral index (BIS) increased obviously after surgery in contrast to those of group B (P < 0.05). Moreover, changes of immune and liver functions in patients from group A decreased sharply compared with group B (P < 0.05). The postoperative minimental state examination (MoCA) score of patients from group A was 27.51 ± 2.02, while the score of group B was 25.79 ± 2.35. The postoperative (MoCA) score of group A was markedly higher than the score of group B, and the difference was statistically obvious (P < 0.05). Besides, the incidence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in patients from group A and B was 12.91% and 32.26% in turn. The incidence of POCD in patients from group A was sharply lower than the incidence of group B (P < 0.05). In addition, the total incidence of adverse reactions in patients from group A was 6.45%, which was significantly lower than the 22.58% of group B, and the difference was statistically substantial (P < 0.05). In summary, dexmedetomidine combined with sevoflurane could effectively reduce POCD and promote systemic circulation recovery, which had clinical application value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between the structure of polyimide (PI) and the reinforcement effect of added graphene oxide (GO) remains relatively unexplored, despite extensive studies on composite materials prepared from PI and GO. This study demonstrated that the addition of aliphatic groups increased the reinforcement effect of GO on PI. The PI/GO composite films were prepared by blending and thermal curing. Subsequently, the performance of the two films with similar structures, which were used in the study, was compared. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results revealed the excellent heat resistance of the new PI/GO composite at a temperature as high as 498°C. The results of the dielectric test confirmed that there was no significant change in the dielectric constant after ternary-copolymerization-induced modification. The tensile strength of the composite increased by ~24% and reached 133 MPa. The morphological observation of the fracture surfaces by scanning electron microscopy confirmed that the reinforcement effect of GO was optimized by the addition of the aliphatic groups. Therefore, aliphatic PI was effectively reinforced by GO. The results of this study will facilitate the utilization of GO for the preparation of high-performance composites for diverse industrial applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heat stress reduces the number of Sertoli cells, which is closely related to an imbalanced redox status. Glutamate functions to maintain the equilibrium of redox homeostasis. However, the role of glutamate in heat treated Sertoli cells remains unclear. Herein, Sertoli cells from 3-week-old piglets were treated at 44 °C for 30 min (heat stress). Glutamate levels increased significantly following heat stress treatment, followed by a gradual decrease during recovery, while glutathione (GSH) showed a gradual increase. The addition of exogenous glutamate (700 μM) to Sertoli cells before heat stress significantly reduced the heat stress-induced apoptosis rate, mediated by enhanced levels of antioxidant substances (superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and GSH) and reduced levels of oxidative substances (reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA)). Glutamate addition to Sertoli cells before heat stress upregulated the levels of glutamate-cysteine ligase, modifier subunit (Gclm), glutathione synthetase (Gss), thioredoxin (Trx1) and B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and the ratio of phosphorylated Akt (protein kinase B)/total Akt. However, it decreased the levels of Bcl2-associated X protein (Bax) and cleaved-caspase 3. Addition of the inhibitor of glutaminase (Gls1), Bptes (Bis-2-(5-phenylacetamido-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)ethyl sulfide, 30 μM)to Sertoli cells before heat stress reversed these effects. These results inferred that glutamate rescued heat stress-induced apoptosis in Sertoli cells by enhancing activity of antioxidant enzymes and activating the Trx1-Akt pathway. Thus, glutamate supplementation might represent a novel strategy to alleviate the negative effect of heat stress. • Heat treatment could cause apoptosis and oxidate stress of boar SCs. • Exogenous glutamate reduced apoptosis by enhancing the levels of antioxidant substances. • Glutamate improves oxidation resistance by regulating the expression of Gclm/Gss to increase GSH. • Protective effects of glutamate are mediated through the Trx1-Akt pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The creep characteristics and potential deformation patterns of gangue backfill material are crucial in backfill mining operations. This study utilizes crushed gangue from the Gangue Yard in Fuxin City as the research material. An in-house designed, large-scale, triaxial gangue compaction test system was used. Triaxial compaction creep tests were conducted on gangue materials with varying particle size distributions. Analysis was performed based on different particle sizes, stresses, and confinement pressures. The study investigates the creep characteristics of the gangue under different conditions and explores the underlying causes. It reveals the relationship between the creep deformation of gangue materials and the passage of time. Mathematical methods are applied to develop a triaxial compaction creep power law model for gangue backfill materials. Finally, the creep results are fitted using an empirical formula approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coal adsorption/desorption gas can cause temperature changes. Moreover, the pressure difference between the high gas pressure area and the low gas pressure area in the coal may affect the coal adsorption/desorption gas thermal effect. To study the effect of adsorption/desorption thermal effect on the evolution law of coal and gas outburst precursor information under different pressure differences, the adsorption/desorption thermal effect experiments were carried out. And the thermo-hydro-mechanical coupling model was established, which reflects the interaction between coal and gas. Under the action of ground stress, pore pressure, adsorption expansion stress, and thermal expansion stress, the model includes the dynamic evolution of coal porosity and permeability, gas adsorption-desorption-diffusion-seepage, and energy accumulation and dissipation. Using the coupling model, the mechanism of adsorption/desorption thermal effect on the evolution of outburst precursor information and the mutual coupling relation between coal and gas is analyzed. The experimental results show that the relation between pressure difference and coal sample temperature variation is linear, and the pressure difference has a quadratic parabolic relation with the temperature accumulation of coal sample. As the pressure difference increases, the temperature variation of the coal sample gradually increases, but the temperature accumulation gradually decreases. Numerical simulation results show that as the pressure difference increases, the changes in coal temperature and gas pressure gradually decrease, and the thermal expansion strain caused by the adsorption/desorption thermal effect decreases, and the permeability increases. Comparing the calculation results with or without the adsorption/desorption thermal effect, the volumetric strain, temperature, and permeability of the coal have significant changes when the adsorption/desorption thermal effect is considered, and the gas drainage volume increases as the pressure difference increases. The effect of thermal expansion strain caused by adsorption/desorption thermal effect on gas seepage is greater than the effect of temperature change on gas seepage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the research background of bearing compression deformation of filling gangue in deep mines, athree-directional compression testing system of gangue was developed independently to carry out the three-directional compression tests of single-particle size gangue. Furthermore, the compression deformation characteristics of gangue particles during the three-directional loading were also studied. Firstly, the composition and technical parameters of the self-developed three-directional compression testing system for gangue were introduced and compared with the results of aconventional gangue compression test. Through the three-directional compression tests of gangue samples, it was shown that the influence of the lateral stress on the lateral strain of gangue samples was greater than that of the particle size on the lateral strain. With the increase of initial confining pressure, the volume strain of gangue samples increased with the increase in the particle size of gangue samples. Furthermore, larger the volume strain of the sample, larger was the volume strain of the gangue sample. Additionally, the particle size of 50–60mm could reach 0.398. The microanalysis of the three-directional compression of the gangue filling material showed that the force chain skeleton of the gangue sample was evenly distributed in the three-directional compression process. When the volume strain increased from 0 to 0.3, the mutual penetration degree of the internal force chains of the sample gradually increased. Larger the initial confining pressure, higher was the total number of the contact force chains. Alarge number of voids in the sample was gradually compacted and filled to improve its bearing capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two novel lead-based coordination polymers, namely [Pb(cbdcp)]·0.5H2O·0.5CH3OH (1) and [Pb(cbdcp)] (2), have been solvothermally constructed by using a zwitterionic ligand 4-carboxy-1-(3,4-dicarboxy-benzyl)-pyridinium chloride (abbreviated as H3cbdcpCl). Compound 1 has a three-dimensional framework displaying a valence-bonded SrAl2 topology with the 42·63·8 symbol, while compound 2 has a two-dimensional sheet structure that can be simplified into a three-dimensional π⋯π interaction-connected topology with the {44·62}2{48·615·85} symbol. Notably, compound 1 proved to be a promising potential luminescent sensor capable of selectively detecting anions, cations and small organic molecules, especially Cr2O72−, CrO42−, Fe3+ and nitrobenzene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A modified level set method coupled with local-reinitialized process and volume-corrected method is employed to simulate bubble motions in complex channels. The volume-corrected process helps to adjust the mass loss due to bubble simulation by standard level set method and local reinitialization of level set function eliminates the numerical dissipation due to nonorthogonality of the boundary mesh. For solving the problem of two-phase flow with a complex boundary, the mesh generation is employed in the physical plane in body-fitted coordinates. All parameters in the physical domain are transformed into a computational domain, where the governing equations are discretized on collocated grids using the finite volume method and the SIMPLE algorithm to decouple the velocities and the pressure. The continuum surface force model is employed to deal with the surface tension of bubbles. By simulating bubble rising in a wedge-shaped channel, the method is demonstrated to be effective to solve the bubble motion in a complex physical plane. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The organic ligand 1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-dicarboxylic acid (H2L) was used to react with ZnSO4·7H2O at 140 °C for two days to obtain the complex [Zn6(L)6(H2SO4)]·3CH3CN·Et3N (1). The structure of complex is confirmed by X-ray crystallography, TG and PXRD. The structure suggested that six ligands chelated with six Zn2+ ions. Every five-coordinated Zn(II) ion is surrounded by two N atoms and three O atoms (one sulfate radical or three ligands) with the N2O3 coordination environment. Each Zn(II) ion in the structure of complex 1 binds only one L2− ligand. The metal center Zn2 and Zn3 are bridged by SO42−. The photoluminescence of complex 1 is obvious. Moreover, in the presence of Cd2+ ions, the complex exhibits an efficient recognition ability, and it realizes the recognition of toxic metal ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel flame-retardant additive, 6,6′,6″-((1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6 triyl) tris (azanediyl)) tris (dibenzo[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphinine 6-oxide) (DOPO-M), was synthesized from melamine and 9,10-dihy-dro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene 10-oxide (DOPO). The structure of DOPO-M was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, proton (1H) and phosphorous (31P) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies, and electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (ESI-MS). DOPO-M was blended into epoxy resin (EP) to prepare flame-retardant EPs. The flame-retardant and thermal properties of EPs cured with triethylenetetramine (TETA) were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), the UL-94 test, and the limiting oxygen index (LOI) test. The results revealed that the epoxy thermosets exhibited excellent flame retardancy and passed the V-0 rating of the UL-94 test with an LOI of 29.3% when the phosphorus content was 2.57 wt%. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed that DOPO-M in the EP/TETA system obviously accelerated the formation of a stronger, phosphorus-rich sealing char layer to improve the flame-retardant properties of the matrix during combustion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Collaborative filtering (CF) is one of the key techniques used in online recommender systems, most traditional CF algorithms, however, are designed in the offline settings, hence are not suitable for the systems that need to be adjusted whenever new data arrive. Addressing to the problem, we propose Lefuse , an online collaborative filtering model. Our model is based on a set of identically and independently distributed assumptions on the user–item ratings, with the assumptions, we derive a counterpart set of consistency conditions, and formulate the prediction task as a constrained optimization problem. Specifically, under the Gaussian distribution setting, we derive the closed-form solution to the problem, which leads to a time and space efficient online CF algorithm. In the evaluations, we conduct comprehensive experiments with the proposed model and three other state-of-the-art online CF algorithms on four large scale real rating data sets, all results show the superiority of our algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The multifunctional platform was developed by a "biomimetic bone magnets" (BBMs) alliance accurate target collection of nanoparticles to achieve both highly effective OS elimination by magnetothermal driven chemotherapy and to enhance the mechanical properties of bone tissue. [Display omitted] • An injectable versatile "biomimetic bone magnet" is constructed for the first time. • Implants trigger magnetothermally driven targeted chemotherapy to successfully address two key barriers limiting the efficacy of osteosarcoma. • BBMs continuously collect magnetic curcumin nanoparticles in vivo and potentially provide bone support by their superb mechanical properties. Osteolytic lesions of bone tumors lead to stress-induced loss of load-bearing bones, making it difficult to treat tumors and repair bone tissue structures. Magnetic hyperthermia has become an effective minimally invasive treatment for malignant bone tumors without depth limitations. However, the effectiveness of magnetic heat therapy alone is not satisfactory, and if combined with chemotherapy, it can lead to significant systemic side effects. It is important to efficiently target chemotherapy substances to the correct area for combined therapy. We have developed a biomimetic bone magnet (BBM) that uses polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement-loaded permanent magnet materials with good support performance to create an intrinsic tumor magnetic field. This magnetic field has magnetothermal properties and collects drug-loaded magnetic phase change nanoparticles (mCNPs) circulating in the blood for magnetothermally triggered chemotherapy. Moreover, PMMA has good mechanical properties, providing potential stress support for bone reconstruction after bone tumor treatment. Importantly, both in vivo and in vitro experimental results demonstrated the effectiveness of magnetic hyperthermia through minimally invasive injection of BBM phase transition. This new method achieves magnetic targeting by manufacturing tumor biomagnets to generate strong magnetic fields within the tumor, which opens up new avenues for treatment strategies for malignant bone tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• ILC3 is a crucial subset of immune cells widely distributed in barrier tissues and plays a vital role in maintaining tissue health and combating infections. • ILC3s interact with various components of the intestinal microenvironment, including epithelial cells, stromal cells, immune cells, microbiota, and diet, influencing their functions and overall immune response. • ILC3s mediate diverse functions, such as lymphoid tissue development, maintenance of intestinal homeostasis, anti-infection immunity, and influence tumor progression and efficacy. • While much remains unknown about ILC3, including fate determination signals and the extent of its non-redundant role in humans, its potential for developing innovative therapies for immune-mediated disorders highlights the importance of continued research in this field. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a recently discovered subset of immune cells that play a crucial role in preserving tissue health and combating infections. Among these, ILC3s are particularly vital in regulating mucosal immunity across multiple organs such as the gut, lungs, and skin. The purpose of this article is to present a comprehensive and detailed overview of current knowledge on ILC3s, with a specific emphasis on their intricate interactions with various components of the intestinal microenvironment. Recent research on the complex, bidirectional communication pathways between ILC3s and intestinal epithelial cells, stromal cells, immune cells, microbiota, their metabolites, and diet are highlighted. Furthermore, this review comprehensively examines the diverse functions of ILC3s, which include lymphoid tissue development, tissue repair, infection, inflammation, and metabolic diseases, as well as the effector molecules that facilitate these functions. Overall, this review provides valuable insights into the biological and functional aspects of ILC3s and underscores their potential for developing innovative therapies for immune-mediated disorders, while also acknowledging the remaining knowledge gaps and challenges that need to be addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surface tension and interfacial tension are crucial to the study of nanomaterials. Herein, we report a solubility method using magnesium oxide nanoparticles of different radii (1.8–105.0 nm, MgO NPs) dissolved in pure water as a targeted model; the surface tension and interfacial tension (and their temperature coefficients) were determined by measuring electrical conductivity and combined with the principle of the electrochemical equilibrium method, and the problem of particle size dependence is discussed. Encouragingly, this method can also be used to determine the ionic (atomic or molecular) radius and Tolman length of nanomaterials. This research results disclose that surface/interfacial tension and their temperature coefficients have a significant relationship with particle size. Surface/interfacial tension decreases rapidly with a radius <10 nm (while the temperature coefficients are opposite), while for a radius >10 nm, the effect is minimal. Especially, it is proven that the value of Tolman length is positive, the effect of particle size on Tolman length is consistent with the surface/interfacial tension, and the Tolman length of the bulk does not change much in the temperature range. This work initiates a new era for reliable determination of surface/interfacial tension, their temperature coefficients, ionic radius, and Tolman length of nanomaterials and provides an important theoretical basis for the development and application of various nanomaterials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • Sulfide significantly decreases the long-term strength of CPB. • A certain amount of sulfide improves the early strength of CPB. • Pore size distribution effects the strength of CPB. • Sulfide content is important for mining stability. Abstract With the production of a large amount of metal tailings, backfill is one of the best models for waste management and has been widely used in many mines. Metal deposit, especially lead-zinc mines, usually contain sulfide minerals, mainly pyrite. Sulfide attack would cause the strength degradation of cemented materials and decrease the structural stability. This study aimed to understand the effect of sulfide on the long-term strength of lead-zinc tailings cemented paste backfill (CPB). CPB specimens with four sulfur contents (2 wt%, 5 wt%, 10 wt%, 15 wt%) were prepared to investigate their physicochemical characteristics in 28–360 days. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) analyses of the CPB specimens were also conducted to obtain valuable information. The results showed that the highest strength of CPB was achieved at curing 90 days. Sulfide showed early strength agent property and the early strength of CPB with sulfur content of 5 wt% was improved. The internal system of CPB was alkaline, and sulfate mainly involved in cement hydration reaction. SEM observed that CPB specimens had compact structures, and calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) was produced. After 90 days, under the influence of sulfide, the strength of all the CPB specimens decreased, and the strength of CPB specimen with the highest sulfur content decreased the most. The pH value of the solution continuously decreased and eventually became acidic. A large amount of sulfate accumulated. The hydrated calcium silicate decomposed in the acidic environment. The number of expansive ettringite and gypsum products increased, and the number of large pores increased. Sulfide reactivity includes sulfate and acid attack. Large internal defects lead the strength and stability deterioration. This study compared the differences between sulfide erosion and sulfate attack, then provided some advice for the disposal of high sulfide tailings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Reactions of lanthanide nitrate, nickel nitrate, and polyhydroxyl Schiff-base ligand 2-(((2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methylene)amino)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol (H4L) gave rise to a family of butterfly heterotetranuclear 3d-4f clusters formulated as [Ln2Ni2(H2L)2(μ3-OCH3)2(CH3CN)2(NO3)4]·2CH3OH·2H2O [Ln = Pr (1), Sm (2), Eu (3), Tb (4), Er (5)]. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD) reveals these complexes crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21/c. Both Ln1 and its symmetric Ln1A are coordinated to nine oxygen atoms and consist of two ligands with the same coordination mode μ3.η1:η2:η1:η2:η1, two nitrate ions and one μ3-OCH3. The five heterotetranuclear Ni2IILn2III complexes display a central planar butterfly topology. The vertices of the body positions of the butterfly are occupied by NiII ions in all five complexes, which have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, element analyses, powder X-ray diffraction and thermal gravimetric analyses. The magnetic properties of the complexes have been studied. The results show that complexes 1-3, and 5 exhibit antiferromagnetic exchange between the paramagnetic species, and 4 shows strong ferromagnetic interaction.Graphical Abstract: We have shown the successful design and assembly of a new family of tetranuclear, dicationic, heterometallic Ni2IILn2III complexes characterized by a butterfly-type topology. The results might be promoting the rational design and synthesis of 3d-4f molecule-base magnets materials with fascinating topologies and magnetic behaviours. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigates the effect of Ga substitution for Co on the structural and magnetic properties of Gd2Co17-xGax compounds. Influence on magnetocrystalline anisotropy; Monotonic increase in the unit cell volume; Linear decrease in the saturation magnetization; Change of the easy magnetization direction; Decrease of the planar anisotropy of the Co sublattice.

Reports on the structure and magnetic properties of Sm[sub2]Fe[sub17-x]Si[subx] compounds and their carbides Sm[sub2]Fe[sub17-x]Si[subx]C. Data on the typical x-ray diffraction patterns of the compounds; Information on the room-temperature magnetization curves of the oriented samples measured along and perpendicular to the aligned directions.

Purpose: This paper aims to study a new halogen-free fame-retardant curing agent 1-aminoethylidenediphosphonate (AAEDP). Design/methodology/approach: The AAEDP was synthesized by phosphoric acid, acetonitrile and ammonia. The chemical structures of AAEDP were characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) would study the thermal properties and the char residues of AAEDP/EP. The thermal stability, mechanical and flame properties and morphology for the char layer of composite materials were separately investigated using TGA, tensile and charpy impact tests, limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94 HB flammability standard (UL-94) and SEM. Findings: The results showed that the AAEDP had been prepared successfully. When the intumescent flame retardant was added into the EP, the LOI of composite material was improved. Research limitations/implications: The AAEDP can be prepared successfully and can improve the flame resistance of composite material. Practical implications: The AAEDP has excellent flame-retardant properties and produce no toxic fumes when burnt in case of fire. Originality/value: The results showed that the phosphorus content of AAEDP was 2.958 Wt.%; the impact and tensile strength of the composite material were 6.417 kJ m−2 and 38.0 MPa, respectively; and the LOI and UL-94 were 29.7% and V-0 ranking, respectively. The TGA results indicated that the carbon residue ratio can be increased by 1000°C in air. The denser and more uniform structure of residual carbon prevents heat transfer and diffusion, restricts the production of combustible gas and reduces the rate of heat release. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The disposal and utilization of solid waste of coal gangue is one of the main problems in coal mining in China. Injecting coal gangue into goaf in the form of slurry can effectively solve the problems of ground stacking and environmental pollution prevention. In order to obtain the flow law of gangue slurry in the void of the accumulated rock in the goaf, a visualization simulation test device for gangue slurry permeation grouting in the goaf was independently designed. The flow and diffusion characteristics, flow and diffusion velocity changes, void pressure changes, and viscosity changes of three mass concentrations (76%, 78%, 80%) of gangue slurry in the void between caved rock blocks in goaf were studied by visual grouting simulation test. The results show that: (1) The seepage process of gangue slurry in the goaf simulation test is divided into three diffusion forms, namely radial diffusion, axial diffusion, and bidirectional diffusion. The three diffusion forms are interrelated and inseparable. (2) The initial flow velocity of the slurry with different concentrations is different under the same permeation grouting pressure, and the higher the slurry concentration, the smaller the initial flow velocity of the slurry. The velocity of the slurry has a nonlinear relationship with the diffusion distance of the slurry. (3) With the permeation and diffusion of slurry, pressure sensors at different positions are subjected to pressure from bottom to top and enter the pressure boost stage, gradually forming stress peaks. When the slurry exceeds the position of the pressure sensor, the pressure on the pressure sensor is weakened and begins to enter the pressure relief stage, and the stress decline trend gradually becomes gentle with time. (4) The water loss effect occurs during slurry flow interaction with rock mass, resulting in slurry viscosity increasing. The viscosity of the slurry affects the difference in the amount of viscosity change. The research results can provide a certain theoretical basis for the goaf gangue slurry filling project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerical method has become one of the main methods for investigating the mechanical behavior of high-strength bolts. However, its high computation cost and non-convergence make its application in joints containing refined bolted models impossible. A new bolt-slip model was proposed for the simulation of high-strength bolted connection based on this background. The method to determine the real constant of the friction element was also proposed. The results derived by the newly proposed bolt-slip model were compared with the results derived by the existing numerical model and experimental work. The comparison results indicated that the sliding phenomenon can be well captured and the friction force with enough accuracy can be derived by the proposed bolt-slip model. Results indicate that the proposed bolt-slip model can significantly reduce computation time with high accuracy kept. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We studied the expression level of FOXJ1 in bladder epithelial carcinoma and its relation to clinical features and tumor recurrence. From January 2014 to June 2015, 66 patients with bladder epithelial carcinoma were enrolled in this study and their tumor and para-carcinoma tissue samples were collected. FOXJ1 positive expression rate was evaluated using immunohistochemical staining, and FOXJ1 mRNA expression level was measured by RT-PCR. RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry results showed that FOXJ1 expression level in tumor samples was significantly lower than that in para-carcinoma tissue samples. The median survival time in patients with positive expression of FOXJ1 was significantly longer than that of patients with negative expression of FOXJ1. We also showed that FOXJ1 expression level was negatively correlated with neoplasm staging and tumor recurrence rate. We concluded that FOXJ1 was expressed in low quantities in bladder epithelial carcinoma, which was closely correlated with the biological characteristics of the tumor. FOXJ1 expression presents a promising application prospect for further exploration of the specific biological mechanism of FOXJ1 in regulating the occurrence and development of bladder epithelial carcinoma. FOXJ1 may be used as a new marker for early diagnosis and prediction of recurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of twist linear tetranuclear 3 d-4 f CoLn [Ln = Gd ( 1), Tb ( 2), Dy ( 3), Ho ( 4), Er ( 5)] complexes have been prepared under solvothermal conditions and structurally characterized with Schiff-base ligand 2-(((2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methylene)amino)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol (HL). The two central Co ions are linked by two alkoxyl oxygen atoms, and one Ln ion lying above and the other below the Co-Co dimer, form a twist linear array. The magnetic susceptibility studies reveal antiferromagnetic or ferromagnetic behaviour, whilst dynamic magnetic studies indicate no slow magnetic relaxation for these complexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Molecularly imprinted polymers of glycyrrhizic acid were prepared by solution polymerization using glycyrrhizic acid as the template molecule, N-vinypyrrolidone as functional monomer, N, N-methylene bisacrylamide as cross-linker and ascorbic acid and hydrogen peroxide as initiators. Focused on the adsorption capacity and separation degree of the polymer to glycyrrhizic acid, the effects of the monomers, crosslinker and initiators were investigated and optimized. Finally, the structure of the polymer was characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. To obtain objective results, non-imprinted molecular polymers prepared under the same conditions were also characterized. The adsorption quantity of the polymer was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Under the optimum conditions, the maximum adsorption capacity of glycyrrhizic acid approached 15 mg/g, and the separation degree was as high as 2.5. The adsorption kinetics could be well described by a pseudo-first-order model, while the thermodynamics of the adsorption process could be described by the Langmuir model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A friction element is presented in this paper. The element was incorporated into a simplified numerical model of cables, which were established by a beam element. A detailed numerical model was implemented based on general-purpose finite element software. Moreover, a flowchart of a numerical analysis was proposed. The accuracy of the proposed numerical model was validated by comparing the results derived in this work to the analytical results derived from Costello's theory and experimental results. The bending performance of 1 × 37 semi-parallel wire cables was investigated. Then, the dynamic response of cable caused by wire break was analyzed. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to investigate the influence of several factors on dynamic response. Results indicated that the friction element proposed in this paper can capture the sliding among different wires and thus can be efficiently adopted in dynamic analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction MiR-195 has been implicated in the development of abdominal aortic aneurysms ( AAA). However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully addressed. Aim To explore the roles of miR-195 in regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells ( VSMCs), as well as its molecular basis in vitro. Methods qRT- PCR was used to determine the expression levels of miR-195 and Smad3 in aortic media specimens or VSMCs. Western blot was performed to detect the protein levels of Smad3, osteopontin ( OPN), and collagen III in aortic media specimens and VSMCs. Luciferase reporter assay was applied to confirm the target of miR-195 in VSMCs. Proliferation and apoptosis of VSMCs were measured by MTT and flow cytometry, respectively. Results In comparison with the normal controls, the levels of miR-195, OPN, and collagen III were significantly increased in AAA tissue. Smad3 was validated to be a direct target of miR-195. miR-195 inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of VSMCs, which was abated by Smad3 overexpression. Expression of OPN and collagen III was improved in VSMCs after transfection with miR-195 mimics, while up-regulation of Smad3 reversed this effect. Conclusion MiR-195 promotes media remodeling by targeting Smad3 in AAA progression. This study suggests that miR-195 contributes to the pathogenesis of AAA and reveals a new targeted therapy strategy for AAA patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]