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Abstract The cryopreservation and transplantation of ovarian tissue underscore its paramount importance in safeguarding reproductive capacity and ameliorating reproductive disorders. However, challenges persist in ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation (OTC-T), including the risk of tissue damage and dysfunction. Consequently, there has been a compelling exploration into the realm of nanoregulators to refine and enhance these procedures. This review embarks on a meticulous examination of the intricate anatomical structure of the ovary and its microenvironment, thereby establishing a robust groundwork for the development of nanomodulators. It systematically categorizes nanoregulators and delves deeply into their functions and mechanisms, meticulously tailored for optimizing ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation. Furthermore, the review imparts valuable insights into the practical applications and obstacles encountered in clinical settings associated with OTC-T. Moreover, the review advocates for the utilization of microbially derived nanomodulators as a potent therapeutic intervention in ovarian tissue cryopreservation. The progression of these approaches holds the promise of seamlessly integrating nanoregulators into OTC-T practices, thereby heralding a new era of expansive applications and auspicious prospects in this pivotal domain. Graphical Abstract

An alternating copolymer, electroactive azo polyamide was prepared by oxidative coupling polymerization of oligoaniline macromonomer and p-phenylenediamine. The molecular structure of the polyamide was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT/IR) spectra, ¹H NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis (EA) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). UV-vis spectrum was used to monitor the chemical oxidation process and the photoisomerization of the polymer. The electrochemical activity of the polyamide was checked by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and the mechanism of electrochemical oxidation process was well studied. Moreover, the thermal characteristics of the polyamide were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]