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Abstract Objective This report details the experience of a patient who developed a second primary glioblastoma (GB), offering insights into the treatment process and reviewing relevant literature. Case presentation A male patient, who was diagnosed with medulloblastoma at age 9, received treatment with cobalt-60 craniospinal irradiation (CSI) (36 Gy/20 fractions) and a tumor bed boost (total of 56 Gy). After 32 years, at age 41, an MRI revealed a space-occupying mass in the left cerebellar hemisphere. Surgical resection was performed, and postoperative pathology confirmed a diagnosis of radiation-induced glioblastoma (RIGB). Given the history of irradiation and the current tolerability of brainstem doses, proton beam therapy (PBT) combined with Temozolomide (75 mg/m2) was chosen. The treatment plan included 60 Gy on the gross tumor bed and 54 Gy on the clinical target volume, delivered in 30 fractions. The patient underwent regular follow-up and achieved a complete response. Clinical discussion For childhood cancer survivors, the development of a second primary tumor significantly impacts prognosis. RIGB is a rare form of secondary tumor with distinct molecular characteristics compared to primary GB and recurrent secondary GB. Molecular markers such as IDH and MGMT status can help differentiate between primary GB, recurrent secondary GB, and radiation-induced secondary GB in patients with a history of prior radiation therapy. Surgical resection remains a primary treatment option, while PBT is preferred for postoperative treatment due to its superior protection of normal tissues and the ability to deliver high-dose irradiation. Conclusion RIGB is a rare second primary tumor that requires strategic molecular profiling and individualized management. Proton beam therapy provides effective high-dose irradiation in the postoperative phase and is the preferred treatment option for such cases.

Based on the basic problems such as the motivation of the quality and safety management and control of the agricultural supermarket docking supply chain, this paper studies the game behavior of the three parties involved in the agricultural professional cooperatives, large chain supermarkets and government regulatory departments in the agricultural supermarket docking supply chain under the influence of government participation. To build a three-party evolutionary game model for the quality and safety management and control of agricultural supermarket docking supply chain with the participation of the government, the goal is to find a stable strategy for the game parties to maintain cooperation, so as to ensure the safety of agricultural supermarket docking supply chains.

The study aimed to examine the effect of school-based social support, specifically the integrated peer and teacher support on the learning engagement of ethnic minority high school students in China. Researchers designed a customized reading program to incorporate peer and teacher support through collaborative learning and dual-teacher classroom mechanisms. The intervention groups involve 192 first year high school students in an underdeveloped area in Yunnan province. Learning engagement was measured using a self-report interview and observation field note during the intervention. Results showed that the school-based social support has effectively promoted the student’s self-confidence, learning motivation, self-identity, and develop a positive learning environment. These findings suggest that school-based social support can be a productive way to improve learning engagement among ethnic minority high school students in China. Implications for education practice and future research are discussed.

The fact that high-strength concrete is easily to crack has a significant negative impact on its durability and strength. This paper gives an optimum design method of high-strength concrete for improving crack resistance based on orthogonal test artificial neural networks (ANN) and genetic algorithm. First, orthogonal test is operated to determine the influence of the concrete mix proportion to the slump, compressive strength, tensile strength, and elastic modulus, followed by calculating and predicting the concrete performance using ANN. Based on results from orthogonal test and ANN, a functional relationship among slump, compressive strength, tensile strength, elastic modulus, and mix proportion has been built. On this basis, using the widely used shrinkage and creep models, the functional relationship between the concrete cracking risk coefficient and the mix proportion is derived, and finally genetic algorithm is used to optimize the concrete mix proportion to improve its crack resistance. The research results showed that, compared with the control concrete, the cracking risk coefficient of the optimized concrete was reduced by 25%, and its crack resistance was significantly improved.

The special pathological microenvironment of infected wounds (pathology of weakly acidic, hypoxic, and overexpressed H2O2) provides fertile soil for the development of disease. Tailoring treatment based on the specific characteristics of the infectious microenvironment (IME) has emerged as a novel direction in the development of antimicrobial therapies. Here, a polyoxovanadate (POV)-based covalent organic polymer (POV-Fc-COP) with inherent photothermal activity was facilely prepared via the copolymerization of 1,1′-bi-(3-dimethylamino-1-oxo-2-enyl-ferrocene) (BDOEF) with tris-NH2-modified POV (tris-V6O9), in which the nanovanadium oxide (V2O3 and V2O5) core and polymer shell were generated directly during the Michael addition–elimination reaction. The unique structure and composition impart pH-responsive peroxidase-like (POD-like) and catalase-like (CAT-like) activities, concurrently, to the POV-Fc-COP. Specifically, the acid-activated mimicking-POD activity could consume H2O2 in the microenvironment, producing toxic •OH to combat bacteria and biofilms. The vanadium oxide consumes the excessive acid, resulting in an increase in pH. Meanwhile, the CAT-like activity could transform excess H2O2 expression into O2 to relieve hypoxia induced by the damage of blood vessels in the wounds and facilitate wound healing. Additionally, the synergistic amplified therapeutic effect triggered by the application of laser irradiation facilitates the rapid eradication of bacteria and biofilm, minimizing the detrimental impacts of bacterial proliferation on the IME, thereby accelerating the restoration of the IME return to a normal state. Therefore, POV-Fc-COP with a dual-enzyme functionality could not only utilize but also regulate the IME, significantly expediting the healing of bacteria-infected wounds. This study demonstrates a simple method for the preparation of an intelligent platform for programmed antibacterial and antibiofilm formation, thus promoting healing while utilizing and improving the IME. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Over 70% of leiomyoma (LM) harbor MED12 mutations, primarily in exon 2 at c.130-131 (GG). Myometrial cells are the cell origin of leiomyoma, but the MED12 mutation status in non-neoplastic myometrial cells is unknown. In this study, we investigated the mutation burden of MED12 in myometrium. As traditional Sanger or even NGS sequencing may not be able to detect MED12 mutations that are lower than 0.1% in the testing sample, we used duplex deep sequencing analysis (DDS) to overcome this limitation. Tumor-free myometria (confirmed by pathology evaluation) were dissected, and genomic DNA from MED12 exon 2 (test) and TP53 exon 5 (control) were captured by customer-designed probe sets, followed by DDS. Notably, DDS demonstrated that myometrial cells harbored a high frequency of mutations in MED12 exon 2 and predominantly in code c.130-131. In contrast, the baseline mutations in other coding sequences of MED12 exon 2 as well as in the TP53 mutation hotspot, c.477-488 were comparably low in myometrial cells. This is the first report demonstrating a non-random accumulation of MED12 mutations at c.130-131 sites in non-neoplastic myometrial cells which provide molecular evidence of early somatic mutation events in myometrial cells. This early mutation may contribute to the cell origin for uterine LM development in women of reproductive age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a benign disease characterized by the descent of pelvic organs due to weakened pelvic floor muscles and fascial tissues. Primarily affecting elderly women, POP can lead to various urinary and gastrointestinal tract symptoms, significantly impacting their quality of life. The pathogenesis of POP predominantly involves nerve–muscle damage and disorders in the extracellular matrix metabolism within the pelvic floor. Recent studies have indicated that genetic factors may play a crucial role in this condition. Focusing on linkage analyses, single-nucleotide polymorphisms, genome-wide association studies, and whole exome sequencing studies, this review consolidates current research on the genetic predisposition to POP. Advances in epigenetics are also summarized and highlighted, aiming to provide theoretical recommendations for risk assessments, diagnoses, and the personalized treatment for patients with POP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]