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Summary: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) leads to chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) and is not well addressed by current therapies. The genioglossus (GG) is the largest upper airway dilator controlling OSA pathology, making its repair a potential treatment. This study investigates dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in repairing GG injury in a CIH mouse model. We induced DPSCs to myogenic lineage cells (iDPSCs) and transplanted them into GG of CIH mice. DPSCs/iDPSCs grafts improved EMGGG and muscle type transitions while reducing tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine kinase (CK) levels, improving body weight. Moreover, iDPSCs increased Pax7+/Ki67+ and human-derived STEM121 cells in the GG compared with DPSCs. DPSCs/iDPSCs enhanced Desmin+ myotube formation in myoblasts under hypoxia in vitro, with iDPSCs increased human-derived myogenic markers and nuclei in myotubes. These results indicate that iDPSCs, beyond their paracrine effects like DPSCs, directly participate in myogenic differentiation, supporting the potential use of DPSCs for OSA treatment.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has now become the leading cause of death worldwide, and its high morbidity and mortality rates pose a great threat to society. Although numerous studies have reported the pathophysiology of CVD, the exact pathogenesis of all types of CVD is not fully understood. Therefore, much more research is still needed to explore the pathogenesis of CVD. With the development of proteomics, many studies have successfully identified the role of posttranslational modifications in the pathogenesis of CVD, including key processes such as apoptosis, cell metabolism, and oxidative stress. In this review, we summarize the progress in the understanding of posttranslational modifications in cardiovascular diseases, including novel protein posttranslational modifications such as succinylation and nitrosylation. Furthermore, we summarize the currently identified histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors used to treat CVD, providing new perspectives on CVD treatment modalities. We critically analyze the roles of posttranslational modifications in the pathogenesis of CVD-related diseases and explore future research directions related to posttranslational modifications in cardiovascular diseases.

The Zhesang gold deposit is a Carlin-type gold deposit located in the “Golden Triangle” structural belt of Yunnan-Guizhou-Guangxi. Pyrite and arsenopyrite are important gold-bearing minerals of the deposit. In order to understand the typomorphic characteristics of pyrite and arsenopyrite and the enrichment mechanism of gold, morphological and structural features of these sulphides and the occurrence state of gold were investigated by using reflected light microscope and electron probes (EPMA). The results show that pyrites are characterized mainly by medium-fine broken pentagonal-dodecahedron crystal forms. Most of the arsenopyrites display needle and columnar crystal forms. Compositionally, pyrite is depleted in both Fe and S, whereas arsenopyrite is As-depleted but S-enriched. The w(Co)/w(Ni) of pyrite is between 1.731 and 3.215 (i.e., within the range of ratio of the hydrothermal pyrite, which is between 1 and 5). The crystal forms and compositional features of pyrite and arsenopyrite indicate that the Zhesang gold deposit is typical of medium-low temperature hydrothermal origin. The positive correlation between As and Au and the Au/As (mol%) ratio are lower than the solubility limit of Au in arsenic pyrite. Combined with previous studies, our data suggest that gold is likely to exist in the form of Au+ complex. Arsenic pyrite and arsenopyrite condensed Au in unsaturated ore-forming hydrothermal fluids relative to Au0 through surface voids and/or defects and the As content, forming a Zhesang Carlin-type gold deposit. Based on the age data of the Mesozoic polymetallic deposits in South China, it can be concluded that the age of the Zhesang gold deposit (215.3 ± 1.9 Ma), is consistent with the age of the main body of the Mesozoic polymetallic deposits (230–200 Ma) in South China Plate and the age of the granites (230–200 Ma) related to tungsten-tin mineralization in the Cathaysian Block. Therefore, we believe that the Zhesang gold deposit is the product of the subduction regime of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean in the Middle-Late Triassic.

Photothermoelectric (PTE) detectors combine photothermal and thermoelectric conversion, surmounting material band gap restrictions and limitations related to matching light wavelengths, have been widely used in telecommunication band detection. Two‐dimensional (2D) materials with gate‐tunable Seebeck coefficient can induce the generation of photothermal currents under illumination by the asymmetric Seebeck coefficient, making them promising candidate for PTE detectors in the telecommunication band. In this work, we report that a newly explored van der Waals (vdW) layered material, SnP2Se6, possessing excellent field regulation capabilities and behaviors as an ideal candidate for PTE detector implementation. With the assistance of temperature‐dependent Raman characterization, the suspended atomic thin SnP2Se6 nanosheets reveal thickness‐dependent thermal conductivity of 1.4–5.7 W m−1 K−1 at room temperature. The 2D SnP2Se6 demonstrates high Seebeck coefficient (S) and power factor (PF), which are estimated to be −506 μV K−1 and 207 μW m−1 K−2, respectively. By effectively modulating the SnP2Se6 localized carrier concentration, which in turn leads to inhomogeneous Seebeck coefficients, the designed dual‐gate PTE detector with 2D SnP2Se6 channel demonstrates wide spectral photoresponse in telecommunication bands, yielding high responsivity (R = 1.2 mA W−1) and detectivity (D* = 6 × 109 Jones) under 1550 nm light illumination. Our findings provide a new material platform and device configuration for the telecommunication band detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The appropriate pressure sensitive adhesion performances at working temperature are vital for the applications of waterborne polyurethane (WPU). Understanding the relationship among rheological behaviors, macromolecular structures and adhesive performances can be very useful to the rational design of waterborne polyurethane pressure sensitive adhesives (WPU-PSAs) for different operating temperatures, as well as other kinds of adhesives. In this study, four kinds of WPU-PSAs were prepared by reacting polypropylene glycol (PPG), hydrogenated hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HHTPB), dimethyl alcohol propionic acid (DMPA), 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and four kinds of chain extenders. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC), swelling and rheology tests were used in parallel with an analysis of adhesive performances of the dried films of the adhesives. Results showed that, in addition to the nature of chain extenders playing a role on the rheological behaviors and adhesive performances of polymer, the gel content could be used to adjust the macromolecular structure and molecular weight distribution of polymer, thus distinctly affected the adhesive performances of PSA. The relationship among rheological behaviors, macromolecular structure and adhesive performances was investigated, and the rational design of WPU was achieved with appropriate pressure sensitive adhesion properties for different working temperatures of 25 and 60 °C.