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Corrosion inhibitors are widely used because they have the characteristics of trace and high efficiency， can prevent metal corrosion，while maintaining the physical and mechanical properties of the metal unchanged， and easy to use.Traditional metal corrosion inhibitors have poor biodegradability， toxicity and are easy to cause environmental pollution.Based on the concepts of environmental protection， sustainable development and green chemistry， the use of traditional metal corrosion inhibitors has been severely restricted， and the research on corrosion inhibitors is gradually shifting to environmentally friendly substances.In this paper， green environmental protection corrosion inhibitors were divided into single system corrosion inhibitors and compound system corrosion inhibitors， and the research progress in recent years were reviewed.Furthermore， the advantages and disadvantages of various types of corrosion inhibitors were classified and summarized， and the current status and research direction of environmentally friendly corrosion inhibitors were prospected.

Considering the lack of a general multi-carrier signal dataset in urban multipath channels, and the challenge of recognizing the modulation types of distorted signals at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), a differentiable architecture search-based (DARTS) automatic modulation recognition algorithm for multi-carrier signals was proposed. Firstly, the received signal datasets of commonly used multi-carrier signals, i.e., orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, filter bank multi-carrier, and orthogonal time frequency space, were generated over typical urban multipath channels. The time-frequency images, which were insensitive to modulation parameters, were selected as feature vectors to train the neural network. Secondly, DARTS was employed to automatically search the optimal network architecture. Finally, a joint attention mechanism was introduced into the feature learning process. This mechanism spatially transforming distorted signal features to mitigate the impact of multipath interference, while also calculating and sorting the information weights for each channel of the feature maps to improve the recognition performance of the relevant feature map channels. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm improves accuracy in urban multipath channels, especially at low SNR, while simultaneously providing better robustness to modulation parameter variations and small-sample scenarios.

C45H47N13O4, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 10.242(6) Å, b = 14.766(15) Å, c = 15.503(8) Å, α = 70.91(2)°, β = 88.052(16)°, γ = 74.13(3)°, V = 2127(3) Å3, Z = 2, R gt(F) = 0.0411, wR ref(F 2) = 0.1059, T = 120(2) K.

Lipoprotein (a) [Lp (a) ] is significantly related to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), but it is unclear whether clinical agents that lower Lp (a) can reduce the risk of ASCVD. Here, we systematically reviewed the structure, function, genetic characteristics and detection status of Lp (a), discussed the relationship of Lp (a) with ASCVD, aortic valve stenosis and other cardiovascular diseases, and summarized new advance of Lp (a) -lowering therapies. The structural composition of Lp (a) indicates that Lp (a) may promote atherosclerosis, inhibit fibrinolytic reaction and promote inflammation. Multiple evidence from genetic studies and epidemiological studies supports that Lp (a) is significantly associated with an increased risk of ASCVD and major adverse cardiovascular events. In addition, Lp (a) is also associated with other cardiovascular diseases such as aortic valve stenosis. At present, several emerging drugs that lower Lp (a) are in clinical trials and may further reduce residual cardiovascular risk. This paper hopes to offer new thought for the study of Lp (a), and provide a basis for the monitoring and management of blood lipids.

Objective To explore whether hepatocyte Perilipin-2 (Plin2) is involved in the development of fatty liver related to comparative gene identification-58 (CGI-58) deficiency mice and compare the effects of Plin2 and Plin3 on lipid droplet formation and lipid accumulation. Methods Based on CGI-58Flox/Flox mice as animal model, the adeno-associated viruses targeting mouse liver, CGI-58 knockout and Plin2 knockdown were achieved by co-expression Cre protein and micro-RNA targeting Plin2 (Mi-KD). Then CGI-58 deficiency mice were used as control (NC) to detect the differences in metabolic phenotype and liver pathology. AML-12 mouse hepatocytes were used as cellular model and interfered with siRNA to achieve Plin2/Plin3 knockdown in AML-12 cells. Lipid droplet formation and lipid accumulation were compared with Bodipy staining and enzyme colorimetry in basal condition or lipid-overloaded condition (OA inducement) after Plin2/Plin3 knockdown. Results Plin2 knockdown (Mi-KD) reduced PLIN2 protein level by >99% in mouse livers. Mi-KD decreased hepatomegaly (P=0.019 5) and liver injury (P=0.000 4), while reduced the histological NAS score (P=0.000 2) and hepatic triglyceride content (P=0.016 6) in the CGI-58 deficiency female mice. Mi-KD prevented microvesicular hepatic steatosis in the CGI-58 deficient female mice. Plin3 knockdown significantly reduced the triglyceride content in basal condition of hepatocytes (P=0.001 4), and Plin2 knockdown just showed a decreased trend. Plin2 or Plin3 knockdown significantly reduced the triglyceride content separately in lipid-overloaded hepatocytes (P < 0.05). Conclusion Hepatocyte Plin2 is essential in the development of microvesicular hepatic steatosis caused by CGI-58 deficiency. Both Plin2 and Plin3 are involved in lipid droplet formation and lipid accumulation in hepatocytes, and Plin3 shows a stronger effect.

The heavy medium rapid sedimentation process is widely used in coal mining wastewater, and its process characteristics are multivariate, nonlinear and time-varying. The precision of dosing affects the effluent index and operating costs of the heavy medium rapid sedimentation process. AI artificial intelligence software, as a data science tool, replaces traditional human experience and intuition with digital technology. Compared with traditional dosing control methods, using an AI artificial intelligence dosing system can accurately adjust the dosing amount in real time based on water quantity and quality, ensuring stable effluent quality and enabling early prediction of effluent quality indicators. This project used AI artificial intelligence software to analyze data on existing heavy medium rapid sedimentation processes, identified potential correlations between data, independently created algorithm models, and validated their effectiveness, ultimately achieved the experimental goal of being applicable for guiding production. Under the same industrial control, AI artificial intelligence could save 13.5% of the dosage compared with traditional dosing, achieving energy conservation and consumption reduction. The AI artificial intelligence dosing system can perform deep learning on continuously increasing data, continuously automatically correct model parameters, and make control more accurate.

Abstract Trajectory similarity computation is very important for trajectory data mining. It is applied into many trajectory mining tasks, including trajectory clustering, trajectory classification and trajectory search etc. So efficient trajectory similarity computation method is very useful for improving trajectory mining result. Nowadays many trajectory similarity computation methods have been proposed. But most of them can not be applied into long trajectories similarity calculation efficiently. So a new algorithm called TrajGAT is proposed. This algorithm can calculate similarity for long trajectories. It treats long trajectory as a long sequence. By doing so, long-term dependency of long trajectory is considered by this algorithm while computing similarity value. But, the spatial feature of long trajectories is not considered. As long trajectory can be presented in many different shapes, if two long trajectories are judged as similar trajectories, the outline shape of these two trajectories should be similar as well. To solve this problem, a new trajectory similarity computation method is proposed in this paper. This method not only takes the long-term dependence feature into consideration, but also considers the outline feature of long trajectory. The proposed method employs GAT-based transformer to extract long-term dependence feature from long trajectory. And it applies Convolutional Neural Network to extract outline feature.

In recent years, the world has entered a period of vigorous development in intelligent computing. As deep learning models with huge parameters and complex structures, large model training requires fast synchronization of training parameters between multiple cards and servers, which imposes higher requirements on the bandwidth, latency, reliability, scalability and security of datacenter networks. The requirements and related key technologies of intelligent computing networks for large model training were studied, and the standard specifications, academic research, and case practices of intelligent computing networks were analyzed, in order to promote the development of intelligent computing networks.

Femtosecond laser-induced valence state conversion (VC) in solid materials has attracted significant research attention due to its potential application in ultra-high density optical storage, boasting advantages such as ultra-high recording speed, easy reading, and high signal-to-noise ratio. However, identifying appropriate materials and technological solutions conducive to efficient single-laser-shot recording remains a pivotal challenge for practical applications. In this work, we report single femtosecond laser pulse–induced VC in BaFCl: Sm3+ nanocrystals utilizing a 4F-configuration optical imaging system comprising two-dimensional scan galvo mirrors. For the first time, we experimentally reveal the luminescence mechanisms and channels of multiphoton absorption-induced Sm2+ ions under both single and multiple 800 nm fs laser pulses. Leveraging the highly efficient single femtosecond laser pulse induced VC, we demonstrate a prototype optical storage experiment by sweeping the recording laser pulse. Remarkably, a threshold pulse energy as low as ∼100 nJ for effective single-laser-shot recording in BaFCl: Sm3+ nanocrystals is obtained under the current experimental conditions. Our investigations offer profound insights into the physical mechanisms underlying femtosecond laser induced VC in solid materials, thereby promoting the prospects of VC based optical storage toward practical applications.

Objective Automatic train operation (ATO) can achieve train autonomic running by controlling each actuator of the train, and is of great significance to reduce the operating cost of rail transit and further ensure train operation safety. In response to the problems such as low parking precision and failure to optimize energy consumption with the single control method in the process of ATO speed following control, a strategy for ATO speed following control is proposed. Method Based on the traditional PID (proportional integral-differential) control, the proposed approach performs online turning and adjustment of PID parameters by using fuzzy controller, and designs algorithms for train precise parking and energy saving operation separately. When the train is running closer to the stopping point, the speed feedback control method based on the preset target speed will fall out of use, the acceleration required for precise parking is calculated instead, and the acceleration feedback control is performed to improve the parking precision. At the same time, an energy saving cruise condition with traction-coasting cycle during the train cruise is designed. When the train is detected to meet a certain cruise condition, the corresponding condition shall be used to optimize the overall operation energy consumption. Result & Conclusion A simulation model for the train and controller is established in MATLAB/Simulink simulation software. The proposed method and model are verified to be effective by comparing the performance indicators such as precise parking and energy saving under PID control and fuzzy adaptive PID control.

To examine how micro-textures with distinct structures affect the tribological properties of cemented carbide tool-cutting processes, various micro-textures were meticulously fabricated on YG8 cemented carbide blocks. Subsequently, friction and wear experiments were systematically conducted to examine the microstructure nuances resulting from the diverse structures. The influence of these micro-textures on the friction coefficient of cemented carbide and its underlying factors was comprehensively analyzed. To further investigate the impact of these micro-textures on the cutting force in cemented carbide tools, finite element analysis was conducted. Identical micro-textures used in the tribological experiment were applied to the tool, followed by milling simulations aimed at elucidating the impact of these varied micro-textures on the three-dimensional cutting force exerted by the tool. Empirical investigations and finite element analyses revealed that micro-textures characterized as parallel (parallel to the main cutting edge), perpendicular (perpendicular to the main cutting edge), and a combination of “parallel + perpendicular” significantly enhance the tribological properties of cemented carbide tools. This enhancement is evident in the reduction of both the friction coefficient and cutting force of the tool. Particularly noteworthy is the substantial efficacy of vertical micro-textures in minimizing both the frictional force and cutting force, resulting in a noteworthy reduction of the primary cutting force by more than 60% and a concomitant alleviation of tool feeding force by approximately 25%.

ObjectiveWhole genome sequencing and antibiotic resistance analysis were conducted for Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains isolated from a food poisoning incident in Huai’an City in 2023， so as to provide reference for the prevention and clinical treatment of foodborne diseases caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus.MethodsWhole genome sequencing was performed by Illumina sequencing platform， traceability was carried out by whole genome single nucleotide polymorphism （wg-SNPs） and multi-site sequence typing （MLST） analysis， the virulence and resistance genes carried by the strains were identified in the online database， and the antibiotic resistance was performed by microbroth dilution.ResultsAmong the 12 strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus， 3 strains were isolated from patients and 9 strains were isolated from food samples. The difference of wg-SNPs of 3 strains from patients and 2 strains from food samples were 0~2 bp， both of which belonged to ST3 type and were judged to be the same clone. The difference of wg-SNPs between the remaining 7 strains from the food samples and the isolates from patients were 11 341~37 173 bp， which was judged to be different clones. Both the patients and the food-isolated Vibrio parahaemolyticus belonged to type ST3 carried the exotoxin genes tdh and tlh， while the remaining strains carried only tlh. All Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains isolated in this event carried durg resistance gene blaCARB and had a high rate of resistance to cefazoline.ConclusionThrough whole genome sequencing analysis， the incident was caused by ST3 Vibrio parahaemolyticus carrying the tdh virulence gene and resistant to cefazoline， which showed promising application prospects of whole genome sequencing technology in rapid source tracing of poisoning events， and provided a basis for the selection of antibiotics in clinical treatment.

An improved acetyl chloride-methanol method was established for the rapid and accurate determination of linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (ARA) in infant foods for special medicinal purpose with deeply hydrolyzed milk proteins and amino acids. The results showed that the optimal pretreatment conditions were 6 mL of reaction reagent, reaction for 60 minutes, and use of isooctane as extraction solvent. The linear range of linolenic acid and α-linolenic acid were 0.8–8.0 and 0.2–2.0 mg/mL, respectively. The linear ranges of DHA and ARA were 0.02–0.40 mg/mL, and the determination coefficients for all analytes were greater than or equal to 0.999 7. The limits of detection (LOD) and limits of quantitation (LOQ) of the developed method were 2 and 5 mg/100 g, respectively. This method was characterized by good repeatability (relative standard deviation (RSD) ≤ 3.3%), high precision (RSD ≤ 3.8%), good stability (RSD ≤ 2.6%), and high spiked recovery (ranging from 93.1% to 101.7%). Compared with its original version, the developed method could effectively solve the problem of incomplete reaction due to caking, with an at least 100% higher working efficiency.

It is an important prerequisite for proper disposal and resource utilization of sludge to improve its dewaterability with conditioning pretreatment. Conditioning based on flocculation is the most reliable and widely used technology for improving sludge dewaterability due to its significant effects and controllable costs. In addition, the combined flocculants can play a synergistic role and have more diverse functionality, which is a research hotspot of sludge dewatering. The current situation of sludge disposal and treatment, as well as the difficulties in sludge dewatering were introduced. The mechanism and application of various flocculants or their combined usage were elaborated. This paper is expected to provide theoretical basis and application reference for the utilization of flocculation-based technology to enhance sludge dewaterability.

Substation secondary equipment is monitored through inspection robots, providing an important means to enhance power equipment automation and intelligent management, thereby ensuring the safe operation of power engineering equipment. In this paper, a Mecanum wheeled omnidirectional mobile robot is developed for automatically inspecting secondary equipment in substations. It possesses autonomous navigation, positioning, and identification capabilities, significantly enhancing inspection efficiency and the accuracy of protection plate state identification. The Mecanum wheels enable the inspection robot to move flexibly and adjust its attitude within narrow working environments. Meanwhile, a multi-track lifting platform facilitates image acquisition and state identification of the secondary equipment pressure plate, covering a height range of 350-1 800 mm. The robot employs the lidar-based simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) method for autonomous positioning and navigation, supplemented by a vision-based path extraction and tracking algorithm for precise position correction at set points. Moreover, a color recognition-based image arrangement and state recognition method is proposed to accurately identify and assess the connection state of the secondary equipment protection plate. Experimental results demonstrate that the substation secondary equipment inspection robot, utilizing Mecanum wheels, achieves successful autonomous navigation and precise positioning, with maximum deflection angles and distances during path tracking processes being ±3° and ±8 mm, respectively. Additionally, the plate recognition method, combining machine vision and color recognition, achieves an outstanding recognition accuracy rate exceeding 95.80%, thereby elevating the level of robot automation in inspection operations.

Purposes The development of information technology has significantly impacted economic, political, cultural, and military fields, and the information security is of great importance in modern society. Deep information-hiding, i．e. hiding the confidential information in an overt carrier, is one of the most important approach in improving information security and has been driving long research efforts in material science, communication technology and cryptology. Organic stimuli-responsive luminescent (SRL) materials that change their luminescence in response to mechanical force, thermal treatment, and light or pH value are considered as promising media candidates. Among them, the materials that exhibit SRL turn-on capabilities have shown advanced performances such as high contrast and signal to noise ratio, and aroused enormous interest. Methods The recent progress of SRL turn-on materials based on the MRL mechanisms and performances is reviewed following the sequence from changes in molecular structure to modifications in aggregate structure. A systematic summary of the material system is provided. Conclusions The existing challenges facing high-performance MRL turn-on materials, including the development of luminescence mechanisms, regulation of kinetic process and control of multi-phase state transitions are elaborated and rational solution are proposed. It will provide theoretical insights and practical experiences for the design, synthesis, and application of novel high-performance SRL materials.

AIM:To compare the differences of ocular biometric parameters of age-related cataract between Tibetan and Han ethnic groups, and to analyze the distribution characteristics of ocular biometric parameters in Tibetan cataract patients.METHODS:Retrospective cohort study. A total of 661 patients(1 030 eyes)with age-related cataract confirmed in the hospital between January 2019 and December 2020 were enrolled. The parameters of axial length, anterior chamber depth, keratometry, corneal astigmatism and astigmatic axis were measured by IOL Master 500 in 483 cases(739 eyes)of Tibetan age-related cataract patients and 178 cases(291 eyes)of Han patients.RESULTS:The axial length, anterior chamber depth and corneal astigmatism of the Tibetan patients with age-related cataract were 23.33(22.81, 23.86)mm, 3.04(2.79, 3.30)mm and 0.73(0.47, 1.07)D. The mean keratometry was 43.89±1.35 D. The results indicated that Tibetan cataract patients had shorter axial lengths and smaller keratometry compared to Han patients(all P

As society advances and living standards improve, there is a growing emphasis on the impact of mental health on illness and the interaction between them. Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common underlying diseases, and it is often accompanied by depression and anxiety. There are also many complications of diabetes, such as diabetic retinopathy(DR). DR is the leading cause of vision loss in diabetes. Vision loss inevitably increases anxiety and/or depression, which in turn may directly or indirectly affect the treatment or progression of patients with DR. This article reviews how to determine the anxiety and depression status of patients with DR, related assessment tools and methods, and their interaction with the treatment of DR. The interaction of anxiety-depressive states with DR treatment was also discussed. This review aims to raise awareness of the mental health of patients with DR, enhance doctor-patient communication and build doctor-patient trust, thus enhancing treatment adherence and clinical efficacy for individuals with DR and helping them to improve the quality of life.

In order to explore the combustion characteristics of the biomass vibrating grate furnace and realize the control and optimization of the unit combustion process, the mechanism model of the grate combustion process was established through the analysis of the biomass fuel characteristics and combustion mechanism. Moreover, the dynamic change of the grate fuel amount was studied, and the key parameters such as furnace temperature and flue gas oxygen content were predicted. The influence of periodic vibration of grate on combustion state in furnace was discussed. The results show that the amount of fuel in the grate is related to the current feed rate and fuel burning rate. The fuel has a large storage capacity on the grate, which leads to a large delay between the fuel burning and the current feeding. The predicted values of furnace temperature and flue gas oxygen content can follow the measured values well, and their changes are in accord with the combustion characteristics. The periodic vibration of the grate will cause the periodic change of the combustion state in the furnace. When the grate vibrates, the fuel combustion speed, furnace temperature, furnace pressure will increase, and the oxygen content of the flue gas will be reduced. As the vibration of the grate stops, these parameters return to the steady state level.

Objective To compare and analyze the differences in CD8+ naive, effector, memory, exhausted and regulatory T cells in order to investigate the impact of gender on the differentiation fate of CD8+ T cells in the context of type 1 diabetes (T1D) based on female and male non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice and healthy Institute for Cancer Research (ICR) mice. Methods The frequencies and phenotypes of CD8+ T cell differentiation subsets including naive T cells (TN), central memory T cells (TCM), effector T cells (TEFF), effector precursor T cells (TEP), exhausted T cells (TEX), precursor exhausted T cells (TPEX) and regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the spleen, pancreatic draining lymph nodes (pLN) and pancreas infiltrating lymphocytes (PIL) of male and female NOD mice were detected by flow cytometry. Results The frequencies of IFN-γ+, CD107a+ and CCL5+ CD8+ TEFF in pLN and PIL of female NOD mice were significantly higher than those of male NOD mice. However, the frequencies of CD8+ TN, CD8+ TCM, CD8+ TEX, CD8+ TPEX and CD122+CD8+ Tregs subsets in the spleen were significantly decreased. While there were no significant differences in the above CD8+ T cell subsets except CD8+ Tregs between female and male ICR mice. Conclusion Androgen may inhibit the differentiation of memory T cells into effector T cells and promote the exhaustion of effector T cells, leading to the difference in morbidity between the male and female mice.

There are many ways to generate adversarial samples for synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images at present, but some problems such as large amount of perturbation of adversarial samples, unstable training, and unguaranteed quality of adversarial samples still exist. To solve the above problems, a SAR image adversarial sample generation model was proposed. The model was based on the AdvGAN model architecture. Firstly, according to the characteristics of the SAR images, an adaptive threshold segmentation method based on the enhanced Lee filter OTSU was designed. The mask extraction module composed of equal modules, this method produced a smaller amount of disturbance, and the structural similarity (SSIM) with the original sample reached that more than 0.997. Secondly, the improved relativistic average GAN (RaGAN) loss was introduced into AdvGAN, and the relative mean discriminator was used to make the discriminator rely on both real data and generated data during training, which improved the stability of training and the attack effect. Experiments were compared with related methods on the MSTAR dataset. Experiments show that the attack success rate of SAR image adversarial samples generated by this method is increased by 10%～15% than that of traditional methods when attacking defense models.

Introduction: Lichen planopilaris (LPP) is a primary lymphocytic cicatricial alopecia that represents a form of follicular lichen planus. Case Presentation: We describe a case of coexisting diffuse LPP and female pattern hair loss masquerading as diffuse alopecia areata in a 32-year-old female. Discussion: In complex cases such as this, dermoscopy-guided vertical and horizontal biopsies from androgen sensitive and insensitive areas are helpful in increasing diagnostic yield. Prompt initiation of treatment is key to halting disease progression. Long-term follow-up is important as resolution of clinical signs does not always correlate with the absence of disease progression.

The seismically active Ka-Ping Block within Xinjiang, China, represents a zone of potential earthquake hazards, and existing surface measurements cannot fully reflect the area’s sub-surface slip rates. To determine these slip rates and characterize the level of hazard that the study area may face in future years, using a cross-correlation of waveforms, we identified 432 repeat sequences along large faults (F1–F5) in the Ka-Ping Block between September 2009 and April 2022 and computed the annual slip rate for every sequence with the empirical relationship of the moment and the seismic magnitude. Spatial distribution images and temporal evolution characteristics of deep deformation in fault zones were constructed. We obtained five asperities in the Ka-Ping Block, the western portion of the PiQiang fault (F4) had a larger yearly slide rate than its eastern portion, and the southwest and eastern areas of the KEP station show an elevated risk of seismic activity within the next two years.

To clarify the causal factors of a case with severe Chlamydia psittaci pneumonia in Jiujiang District， Jiangxi Province and provide a scientific basis for effective prevention and control. Basic information and epidemiological data of the case were collected by epidemiological survey， and the samples from the close contacts and environment were collected for pathogen detection. A 37-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital due to "fever with cough for five days and worsening dyspnea". The results of targeted next-generation sequencing （tNGS） of pathogenic microorganisms in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of the case indicated that the patient was infected with Chlamydia psittaci. Our epidemiological investigation revealed a clear history of chicken and duck exposure. Four throat swab samples of close contacts and one spleen， liver and lung sample of sick chicken and duck were collected for testing. One of the duck tissue samples tested positive， while the other samples were negative. The severe pneumonia was likely caused by exposure to the external environment contaminated by Chlamydia psittaci. Poultry farming should be regulated to prevent the transmission infection from poultry to humans．Additionally， awareness among medical staff should be increased to prevent severe outcomes．

【Objective】 Soil temperature is not only important for hydrological processes but also plays an imperative role in crop growth and soil biochemical reactions. Understanding its spatiotemporal variation is crucial to improving soil and hydrological management. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the applicability of the SARIMA model to model spatiotemporal change in temperature across the entire soil profile. 【Method】 The study is based on temperatures measured from 1964 to 2022 across a 0-320 cm profile located at the Wudaogou Hydrological Experimental Station, in Anhui province, China. Linear regression, Sen's slope estimation, MK test and other methods are used to analyze the seasonal change in temperature in different soil layers, and to establish the SARIMA model. 【Result】 ① In spring and winter, the temperature in 0-160 cm soil layer had been in increase from 1964 to 2022 at significant levels. Except in the 0-10 cm soil, summer temperature in other soil layers had been in decrease from 1964 to 2022 at significant levels. In the fall, the temperature had been increasing in the 0 and 20 cm soil layer, but decreasing in other soil layers. ② The temperature in depths of 0, 10, 20, 40, and 160 cm had endured sudden drops in spring in 2006, 2013, 2012, 2015 and 2018, followed by significant increases. Since 1984, temperature in the 320 cm soil layer had begun to decrease significantly. ③ The correlation between measured and predicted temperature was >0.95. With the increase in soil depth, the correlation increases, MAE decreases from 1.666 to 0.390, and the RMSE decreases from 2.139 to 0.525. 【Conclusion】 The SARMA model is accurate to model spatiotemporal change in soil temperature across the entire 0-320 cm soil profile in Huaibei Plain area.

【Objective】 Drought is an abiotic stress detrimentally affecting crop production in many countries. Understanding its occurrence in a region is crucial to improving its water and agricultural management. In this paper, we analyzed the spatiotemporal variation in drought from 1961—2022 in Huaibei located in central China. 【Method】 The analysis is based on meteorological data measured from 1961—2022 from 21 weather stations across the region. Monthly, seasonal, and annual standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) in each station were calculated, from which we calculated the spatiotemporal variation in drought across the region. 【Result】 ① Monthly, seasonal and annual SPEI in Huaibei had been in decrease from 1961—2022. ② The frequency and duration of persistent droughts had both been in increase from 1961—2022, with Huaibei station showing the highest drought frequency at 0.73 times/year, and Sixian station showing the longest drought duration at 4.61 months. ③ Annual change in droughts in spring and autumn did not show any identifiable trend. Frequency and intensity of droughts in winter were the highest, reaching 34.43% and 21.86%, respectively. Spatially, spring drought was more frequent in the center, east, and southwest of the region; summer drought was less frequent in the southeast of the region; autumn drought was more frequent in the east and north of the region; winter drought was more frequent in the west, northeast and southeast of the region. ④ On average, annual change in drought was increasing at a rate of 0.01/10 a, but not at significant levels. Drought areas had been in increase from 1961 to 2022 at a rate of 1.4%/10 a. The north has a high tendency for occurrence of droughts, while drought intensity tends to be high in the west and southeast of the region. Drought is more frequent in the northeast and southwest. 【Conclusion】 Overall, there are noticeable trends in spatiotemporal variation in drought in the Huaibei region, with drought frequency and intensity varying between different regions and showing an increase trend from 1961 to 2022.

In the non-braking operation of the wet brake in a heavy vehicle's hybrid power transmission system, the friction pair produces a drag torque due to the power loss caused by the viscous action of the oil. In order to realize the accurate prediction of the drag torque of the flow field with the complex trench structure, a method is proposed to optimize the drag torque model by predicting the volume fraction of the cavitation effect through the cavitation number aiming for the prediction error caused by the air entering the flow field in advance. Firstly, the influence of rotation speed, flow rate and clearance on the volume fraction of the cavitation effect is analyzed by calculating the model under different working conditions. With the increased rotation speed, the cavitation effect volume fraction increases first and then decreases. Larger flow rates and smaller gaps will increase the maximum value of the cavitation effect volume fraction. Then, the wet brake drag torque is tested. After comparative analysis, the results show that the prediction error of the optimized model is less than 6%, and the average error is reduced by 55% compared with the model without the cavitation effect. In addition, the influence of the complexity of the trench structure on the drag torque is also studied. It is shown that the more complex the trench structure is, the smaller the drag torque is, and the radial trench has the most significant influence on the drag torque, which reduces the drag torque by nearly 25.9%. It provides support and engineering practice guidance for accurately predicting the drag torque and optimizing the friction plate structure of wet brakes.

【Objective】Optical fiber dispersion, nonlinear impairments, and bandwidth limitation in high-speed passive optical access networks result in significant power budget loss with traditional intensity modulation and direct detection schemes, failing to meet the requirements of high-speed passive optical access networks.【Methods】In order to enhance the rate and performance of the intensity modulation and direct detection optical access system, this study explores the channel equalization method of VDFE-RLS based on Recursive Least Squares (RLS) algorithm, building upon the Volterra Decision Feedback Equalizer (VDFE), This equalizer uses RLS algorithm to update its tap coefficients. It includes a three-order Volterra series, allowing it to compensate for both linear and nonlinear impairments. VDFE-RLS is applied to the downlink optical access system with a single wavelength of 200 Gbit/s based on O-band intensity modulation and direct detection scheme after 20 km transmission.【Results】The experimental results show that the RLS outperforms the conventional Least Mean Square (LMS) algorithm in the equalization process. Moreover, VDFE-RLS achieves a power budget greater than 29 dB. When the length of the equalizer is the same, VDFE-RLS can increase the power budget by 2.2 dB compared with the conventional Volterra Feed Forward Equalization (VFFE)-RLS equalizer. When the length of VDFE-RLS equalizer is half that of VFFE-RLS, the VDFE-RLS can increase the power budget by 0.5 dB compared with the VFFE-RLS equalizer.【Conclusion】Compared with other traditional methods, the proposed method can shorten the length of the equalizer and increase the power budget of the system, ultimately restoring signals with better performance.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is one of small B-cell lymphomas and leukemias, characterized as a clonal disease of mature B cells. The disease is remarkably heterogeneous, with the majority of patients having an indolent course, yet they are currently incurable. Abnormal signaling pathways are indispensable in the pathogenesis of CLL. In CLL, the common abnormalities of signaling pathways include B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling, apoptosis, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling and Notch signaling. According to the target in signaling pathways, a series of targeted drugs, such as Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors (ibrutinib, zanubrutinib), phosphorylate phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor (duvelisib) and B-cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (BCL2) inhibitor (venetoclax), which have significantly changed the prognosis of patients in clinic. Other targeted drugs, such as fenebrutinib, nemtabrutinib and umbralisib, as well as chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy developed in the field of immuno-oncology and T cell engineering, are currently under trial, with more personalized treatment modalities being explored, which may become potential drug targets in the future. In this paper, relevant literature of CLL was reviewed, and recent research progress in molecular pathogenesis and targeted therapies of chronic lymphocytic leukemia was reviewed.

Manual microscopic inspection of activated sludge is costly, expertise-intensive, and prone to errors, limiting its widespread use. To address these challenges, we propose an improved visual model based on YOLOv8n. This model integrates an optimized convolution module in the backbone network, incorporating sensory field convolution and Coordinate Attention (CA) mechanisms to enhance feature extraction and detection in complex backgrounds. The C2f module is refined with convolutional reparameterization (OREPA), reducing computational complexity while maintaining accuracy. The MPDIoU function is augmented with the facoler-IoU loss function, improving delineation of challenging samples and enhancing learning capability.Testing on an activated sludge microbial image dataset shows our model achieves 90.3% and 95.7% accuracy, an increase of 5.9% and 4.7%, respectively. After overall optimization, the model achieved an mAP of 90.3%, which is 6.9% higher than YOLOv8n, with an FPS of 105.3, representing a 24.6% improvement over YOLOv8n. Additionally, the average inference time is reduced by 1.3 ms. When evaluated on Kaggle’s algal cell dataset, recognition accuracy improves by 4.9%. These results demonstrate the model’s effectiveness in reducing omission and misdetection in activated sludge microscopy. This work provided new ideas and methods in the field of activated sludge microorganisms.

Background: The study aimed to explore the correlation between the angiotensin II (Ang II) gene and serum adiponectin expression in patients with cerebrovascular complications of H-type hypertension (HH) and its mechanism. Methods: A total of 50 cases of outpatient patients in Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital were recruited from January 2022 to June 2023 and rolled into three groups according to their blood pressure and basic information, namely the HH cerebrovascular complications group, the non-H-type hypertension (NHH) group, and the healthy control (HC) group. Peripheral blood samples were taken; one sample was utilized to test for the Ang II gene and the methylation of Ang II, and the other sample was utilized to measure serum adiponectin levels to analyze the relationship between serum adiponectin level and Ang II in patients with cerebrovascular complications of HH. Results: The ratio of male to female was 8:7 in the group of cerebrovascular complications of HH, and mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were 167.34 mm Hg and 112.56 mm Hg, respectively. In the NHH group, the mean SBP was 165.89 mm Hg, and the mean DBP was 113.47 mm Hg. The blood pressure of the HC group was in the normal range. The Ang II content was the highest in the group with cerebrovascular complications of HH, followed by the group with NHH, and the lowest in the HC group. Conclusions: Pyrosequencing chart of patients with cerebrovascular complications of HH showed that the content of deoxyphosphate ribose G was the highest, while the content of A was the highest in NHH patients. Moreover, the serum adiponectin level of patients with HH and NHH was superior to that of the HC group, and the adiponectin level between the former two groups and the HC group differed considerably. Ang II levels were high in patients with cerebrovascular complications of HH and were positively correlated with adiponectin levels. The incidence of cerebrovascular complications of HH may be related to Ang II levels in patients.

In complex road conditions, the dynamic accuracy of the torque generated by the actual running of the vehicle is poor in the traditional bench test, it is difficult to simulate the real driving state, and the real car test has problems such as narrow space, large vibration and bad environment. To solve this problem, an innovative embedded torque test system based on the wireless technology is designed. Considering the internal space structure of the drive system, the test body is customized in the module design. The calibration linearity of the test system is 0.703%, the linear error is small, the precision is high, and a test system with strong dynamic performance and good anti-interference is built. The data of real vehicle torque and speed are obtained by the road test. The system identification method is used to iteratively identify the experimental data, the 6-order identification value is obtained, and the root-mean-square error of the model is 1.678 5. According to the test results, the maximum error of the model is 8.456 9 N·m, 1.78 N·m and 5.4 N·m respectively under the three dynamic conditions of rapid acceleration, slow acceleration and emergency braking, and the average error is less than 4%. The reliability of the test data is further verified, which provides an effective data basis for the accurate prediction of torque model.

To retrospectively analyze the accuracy of radiotherapy using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), Styrofoam fixation, and breast bracket fixation in the chest wall target area and supraclavicular lymphatic drainage area (supraclavicular target area) of patients with breast cancer.and compare the setting efficiency and comfort satisfaction.

This study aimed to have a good knowledge of heart failure complicated with malnutrition research status, hotspots, and forecast research trends using bibliometric analysis and visualization of studies of heart failure complicated with malnutrition in the past 10 years.

Temporary plugging and fracturing is an important technology for the efficient development of unconventional reservoirs. Due to the diverse physical properties of unconventional reservoirs and the complex stress environment, the evaluation of temporary plugging effect needs to consider the working conditions in the wells, and it also needs to focus on the transport and placement of temporary plugging agent in the near-well fracture region, so it is impossible to predict the effect of temporary plugging and fracturing effectively. In this paper, a numerical simulation study is carried out to investigate the transport and placement of temporary plugging agent in the near-well area, and a finite element model of “wellbore-near-well fracture” is established based on computational fluid dynamics, and numerical simulation and verification of temporary plugging and fracturing are carried out based on the fiber-optic monitoring data of temporary plugging and fracturing in Well A, as well as the optimization of some construction parameters. The results show that: as the volume concentration of temporary plugging agent increases, the temporary plugging effect is weakened and then strengthened, and the temporary plugging agent will enter into the heel cluster in advance when the concentration is small; at the initial stage, the increase in the quality of temporary plugging agent will cause some clusters to form incomplete plugging, but the quality of the plugging agent will not be changed after the quality is greater than 360kg; the temporary plugging effect is mainly reflected in the heel cluster, and the toe cluster is not obvious. This paper forms a set of temporary plugging and fracturing simulation methods based on the actual fiber-optic monitoring data in the field, which provides a reference for the optimization design of the type, particle size and dosage of temporary plugging agent during the temporary plugging construction process.

In this work, normal manufacture of a B-bearing steel was hampered by cracks in steel. In order to control these cracks, the formation mechanism has been examined through a comprehensive analysis of crack morphology, element segregation, high temperature mechanical properties, and precipitates. The high-temperature thermoplastic capabilities of the steel were found to be reduced by boron nitride particles precipitated at grain boundary. This led to the formation of a brittle zone in the straightening zone of the continuous casting process, which in turn caused cracks. Based on the formation mechanism of these cracks, the cracks were successfully controlled by adding an appropriate amount of Ti element to the steel and reducing the charging temperature of the heating furnace.

Finger vein recognition technology has become a research hotspot in the new generation of biometrics because of its advantages of non-contact, high security and living body detection. With the development of deep learning, finger vein recognition technology based on deep neural network has made remarkable achievements. This paper firstly introduces the common public datasets in the field of finger vein recognition, and then classifies the applications of deep learning methods in finger vein recognition in recent years according to different neural network learning tasks, and analyzes the technical characteristics and application scenarios of each type. This paper also introduces the design techniques of deep learning in finger vein recognition from the aspects of lightweight network, data augmentation, attention mechanism and so on, and then expounds the common loss function in the model from two aspects of classifying loss and measuring learning loss. Finally, the evaluation indices of finger vein recognition system are introduced and the results of some researches on accuracy and equal error rate are summarized. In addition, the challenges and potential development directions of finger vein recognition are also presented.

Abstract Recently, natural photosensitizers, such as berberine, curcumin, riboflavin, and emodin, have received more and more attention in photodynamic therapy. Tanshinone I (TanI) is extracted from a traditional Chinese herb Danshen, and exhibits many physiological functions including antitumor. TanI is a photoactive phytocompounds, but no work was tried to investigate its potential photodynamic effect. This study evaluated the cytotoxicity induced by the photodynamic effect of TanI. The photochemical reactions of TanI were firstly investigated by laser flash photolysis. Then breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 was chosen as a model and the photodynamic effect of TanI on cancer cell was evaluated by MTT assay and flow cytometry. The results showed that TanI could be photoexcited by its UV–Vis absorption light to produce 3TanI* which was quickly quenched by O2. MTT assay showed that the photodynamic effect of TanI resulted in more obvious inhibitive effect on cell survival and cell migration. Besides, the photodynamic effect of TanI could induce cell apoptosis and necrosis, lead to cell cycle arrest in G2, increase intracellular ROS, and decrease the cellular Δψm. It can be concluded that the photodynamic effect of TanI can obviously enhance the cytotoxicity of TanI on MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro, which indicated that TanI might serve as a natural photosensitizer.

The research on terahertz wave manipulation based on metasurfaces has gradually deepened, and the number of functions or electromagnetic control dimensions in a single device is constantly increasing. For the spatial dimension of terahertz field regulation, its design degrees of freedom have been expanded from a single transverse plane to the propagation path. In this paper, we propose a novel circularly polarization multiplexed metasurface for dual channel terahertz wave transmission control. Based on the spatial integration of two heterogeneous meta-atoms, which are spin-decoupled and isotropic, respectively, there are four phase channels that can be used at the same time, thus achieving different switching between vector and scalar beams in different circularly polarization channels along the optical path. For linearly polarized wave incidence, the device exhibits conversion between different vector beams longitudinally. To control more electric field components, we combine focused wavefront design with vector or scalar fields and utilize the focusing induced spin–orbit coupling effect, then complex amplitude switching of longitudinal electric field components is obtained. This article extends the manipulation of terahertz waves along the propagation trajectory based on metasurface from single to dual channel for the first time, providing a reference for the design of multifunctional meta-device in terahertz band.

In order to ensure the electromagnetic compatibility between train and trackside communication system, metro projects at home and abroad have strict limits for the noise current generated by train during operation. At present, current sensors and filters are commonly used in the test of noise current of metro vehicles. This method increases the number of installed devices, and the device have poor portability, and are prone to damage during handling. In order to improve test efficiency and reduce costs, this paper proposes a vehicle noise current measurement method based on the broad learning system (BLS). Firstly, the current data samples obtained by flexible current loop and data recorder are divided, and then Fourier transform (FFT) is performed on the divided samples. Finally, the BLS model extracts the frequency signal as the input to obtain the corresponding noise current value. The experimental results show that the average error of the noise current value obtained by the BLS model is around 4%, which meets the experimental requirements. Moreover, the testing accuracy of this method is significantly better than existing methods: weighting method, BP neural network, particle swarm optimization and artificial bee colony, the effectiveness of the proposed testing method has been verified.

Compared with serial mechanisms, parallel mechanisms have the advantages of good rigidity, high precision, stable and compact structure, which are suitable for the field of surgery. A (5R)OC-URR parallel mechanism with two rotational and one translational degrees of freedom and remote center of motion (RCM) is proposed which can be used for the body structure of minimally invasive surgery and has the characteristics of partial motion decoupling. The position analysis model of the mechanism is established, and the analytical expression of position of the inverse solutions is derived. On this basis, the desired workspace of the mechanism is defined for the task of minimally invasive surgery. Using the evaluation index of local motion/force transmissibility, the definition and calculation method of average transmission index in the desired workspace of the mechanism are given. Aiming at maximizing the average transmission index, a constrained optimization model of mechanism dimensional parameters is established, and the accelerating grey wolf optimization (AGWO) algorithm is employed to solve the problem. The test of numerical examples shows that the comprehensive performance of AGWO algorithm in solving constrained optimization problems is better than that of the compared algorithm. The results of mechanism optimization design show that the optimization model and algorithm are feasible and effective. The research work in this study can lay a theoretical foundation for the practical application of the mechanism.

This article summarizes the experience of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) nursing appropriate techniques for a diabetic patient with back carbuncle treated with vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) technology. Efforts have been made to enhance the continuous vacuum sealing drainage. Based on the TCM theory, nursing appropriate techniques such as auricular acupoint pressing, intradermal needling, TCM oral care, TCM five-tone therapy were carried out for management of blood pressure and diabetes mellitus, reduce the incidence the infection and improve the wound healing. (本文总结1例负压封闭引流技术(VSD)联合中医适宜护理操作技术治疗糖尿病合并背部外痈患者的护理经验。术前做好充分准备, 术后做好VSD持续引流的观察与护理。基于中医基础理论, 采用耳穴刺激、皮内针刺激、中药漱口液清洁口腔、中医五音疗法等中医护理适宜技术, 有效控制高血压、糖尿病等基础疾病, 降低感染风险, 促进创面的愈合。)

【Objective】 Intermittent fertilizer injection is commonly used in fertigation. The objective of this paper is to investigate the impact of steady intermittent fertilizer injection on the uniformity of water and fertilizer mixture within the head pipe in the irrigation network as well as the minimum safe distance for the branch pipes. 【Method】 Laboratory experiment was conducted to analyze the change in fertilizer concentration in the pipeline under ideal working conditions. The experimental results were used to validate a numerical model developed to simulate water flow and fertilizer movement in the pipe network. The validated numerical model was then used to evaluate the uniformity of water and fertilizer mixture in the pipe network under different conditions, including pipe diameter, water temperature, flow rates and fertilizer injection ratio. 【Result】 The numerical model accurately reproduced the experimental results. The modelling results showed that when other conditions were constant, increasing the main pipe diameter from 63 mm to 110 mm increased the mixing distance by 0.769 m. Increasing the main flow rate from 6 m3/h to 8 m3/h increased the effective mixing distance by 1.598 m, 1.064 m, and 1.132 m for pipe diameters of 63 mm, 90 mm, and 110 mm, respectively. When the fertilizer injection ratio was increased from 2% to 4%, the effective mixing distance was reduced by 0.534 m, 0.824 m, and 0.826 m for pipe diameters of 63 mm, 90 mm, and 110 mm, respectively. It was also found that increasing the temperature from 10 ℃ to 30 ℃, the effective mixing distance of 6 m3/h and 8 m3/h decreased by 0.499 m and 1.681 mm on average. 【Conclusion】 The effective mixing distance required for uniformizing water and fertilizer in the irrigation pipe increases with the pipe diameter and flow rate, and decreases with the increase in temperature and fertilizer injection ratio. Pipe diameter and flow rate are the primary factors influencing the effective mixing distance. For main pipes with diameters of 63 mm, 90 mm, and 110 mm, the opening position for branch pipes should be 5~5.5 m away from the fertilizer injection pipe to ensure uniform mixture.

Objective: To investigate the correlations between intestinal flora, plasma metabolites, and blood stasis syndrome in coronary heart disease (CHD), and the mechanisms of Yangxin Tongmai Formula (养心通脉方, YXTMF) for blood stasis syndrome in CHD rats. Methods: A total of 18 specific pathogen free (SPF) male Sqrague-Dawley (SD) rats were used to establish CHD rat models with blood stasis syndrome, which were then randomized into model, YXTMF, and atorvastatin calcium (AVT) groups, with six rats in each group, and were intervened through gavage for two weeks. Subsequently, additional six rats that received normal diet were included as normal group. The pathological changes in the CHD rat models were identified by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The electrocardiogram, hemodynamics, and lipid profiles of the rats were detected as well. The untargeted plasma metabolomics of rats were analyzed by liquid chromotography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), their ileal mucosal flora by 16S rRNA sequencing, and the correlation between the two results were also analyzed. Results: The whole blood viscosity, total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) of rats in the model group increased compared with those in the control group (P < 0.05). In the model group, the proliferation of endothelial cells in the coronary artery of rats was damaged, with quite a few vacuolated pathological changes observed. However, the endothelial lesions in the coronary artery of rats were alleviated in the intervention groups (YXTMF and AVT groups). With the use of LC-MS/MS, a total of 33 potential endogenous metabolites were identified in plasma, among which 1-methylhistidine, N-acetylhistamine, progesterone, and deoxycorticosterone were expected to be the differential metabolites in CHD rats with blood stasis syndrome. The 16S rRNA sequencing results showed that improved diversity and abundance of intestinal flora were observed in the YXTMF group. The correlation analysis suggested that Hydrogenophaga, Limnohabitans, and Polaromonas, which were highly related to the formation of blood stasis syndrome in CHD patients, were positively correlated with plasma metabolites such as 5-hydroxyindole, N-acetylhistamine, and progesterone (P < 0.01), but were negatively correlated with plasma metabolites such as L-arginine, homoarginine, and Boc-beta-cyano-L-alanine (P < 0.01). After YXTMF intervention, Lactobacillus, Corynebacterium, and Candidatus Nitrososphaera were positively correlated with plasma metabolites such as Boc-β-cyano-L-alanine, stachydrine, and naringenin (P < 0.05), while negatively correlated with 5-hydroxyindole, N-acetylhistamine, and oleoylethanolamide (P < 0.05). Conclusion: YXTMF could alleviate blood stasis syndrome in CHD rats through improving their plasma metabolisms achieved by regulating the intestinal flora.

In this paper, a combination of Problem-based Learning (PBL), Case-based Learning(CBL)and Flipped Classroom was used to conduct teaching ward round of nursing for a patient with thyroid disease. Taking the clinical teaching round of a patient with stony goiter as an example, this paper explored the transformation from the conventional clinical teaching method of nursing to the comprehensive application of multi-mode joint of clinical teaching. Focusing on the nursing students, the multi-mode joint model was a problem-oriented and case-based approach. It constructed a new type of teaching ward round of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine nursing by taking clinical thinking ability as motif, disease related knowledge as the support, and teacher-student and nurse-patient interaction as means. It provides theoretical and practical basis for comprehensively improving the quality of nursing work, teaching quality and patient satisfaction, and exploring the cultivation of high-quality comprehensive Traditional Chinese Medicine nursing talents. (本文探讨运用以问题为基础学习(PBL)、以案例为基础学习(CBL)和翻转课堂的“三轨”联合教学进行护理教学查房的效果。以普外科1例石瘿患者的临床教学查房为例, 探索从传统单一的护理临床教学方法向多模式融合的综合应用的临床教学转变, 以实习护生为主体, 以问题为导向, 以病例为基础, 以中医临床思维为主线, 以疾病相关知识为支撑, 以师生、护患互动为手段, 形成“三轨”联合教学模式, 从而构建一种新型的中西医结合护理临床教学查房模式, 为全面提升护理工作质量、教学质量及患者满意度, 探索培养高素质综合型中医护理人才提供理论及实践依据。)

Functional devices for terahertz (THz) polarization detection in transmission mode are highly desired in integrated applications, but traditional polarization measurement systems are bulky and highly cost. The combination between all-silicon metasurfaces and focused beams carrying polarization information has offered a new opportunity for miniaturized polarization detection behavior. Here, we investigate and experimentally demonstrate a new scheme for realizing efficiently miniaturized polarization detection behavior based on the polarization multiplexing encoding technique. The full-Stokes parameter matrix of the incident polarization state can be reconstructed in a single snapshot by using a microprobe to record, pixel by pixel, the complex amplitude information contained in a pre-designed plane. Subsequently, the polarization detection capability of the proposed design principle is evaluated using random polarization states defined on the surface of a standard Poincaré sphere (PS). Such a scheme offers potential applications for the development of compact photonic meta-platforms for polarization detection in transmission mode, being highly favored in polarization high-resolution imaging, remote sensing, and THz communications.

This article attempts to effectively reduce the impact of active noise pollution on human life, and to make up for the traditional passive noise control technique. In low-frequency noise control, there are some shortcomings. The making of active noise control (ANC) technique, in low-frequency noise reduction, can achieve very good results. This article proposes a versatile dynamic noise control framework based on computer simulation and modeling. The research is mainly focused on the principle and application of versatile dynamic noise control framework. To accomplish this, a research method combining theoretical analysis, software simulation, and hardware realization is adopted. The derivation process of the adaptive algorithm (LMS algorithm, filter-XLMS algorithm, etc.) is introduced in detail, and the influencing factors of algorithm performance, a variable step size normalization algorithm based on relative error is proposed. Perform simulation calculations on various algorithms in MATLAB, analyze parameters such as step factor, filter order, etc., and the degree of influence on the algorithm’s convergence speed and steady-state performance. Common command set software is used, the path adaptive identification is realized, and the program design of the versatile dynamic noise control framework is used. After completion of software and hardware debugging on the experimental platform of generalized comfort, the experimental equipment layout is completed. Using the additive random noise method, the adaptive offline modeling of the first path of the versatile dynamic noise control framework is realized. Finally, utilizing the experimental platform of generalized comfort, the adaptive ANC experiment of the single-channel filtered least mean square algorithm is conducted, then the experimental data are analyzed, and at last, the actual application effect of the versatile dynamic noise control framework is verified.

As a carrier of art and culture, the inheritance and development of ethnic instrumental music is of great significance to multicultural communication. This paper proposes a framework for teaching ethnic instrumental music in colleges and universities and selects evaluation criteria for teaching the art of ethnic instrumental music. On this basis, combined with the IPA model and related data, it analyzes the importance of the dimensions of ethnic instrumental music art teaching in colleges and universities and student satisfaction and thus obtains the strategic improvement path of the IPA model of ethnic instrumental music teaching. The dimensions of ethnic instrumental music teaching are taken as latent variables, and their contribution to multicultural communication is studied by constructing structural equations. It was concluded that students were most content with how teaching content was organized (3.775) and most minor content with how teaching evaluation was implemented (3.428) in teaching ethnic instrumental music. All dimensions of teaching ethnic instrumental art positively affect multicultural communication, with the highest contribution being teaching content organization (0.503). Colleges and universities need to maintain the strengths of teaching ethnic instrumental music in terms of teaching goals, content understanding, content selection, and thematic content representation strategies, and improve methods for conducting teaching activities to promote multicultural communication.