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BackgroundThe mental health problems of employees in administrative organs and public institutions are highly valued. However， there is a lack of understanding regarding the mental health status of employees in provincial and municipal administrative organs and public institutions in Qinghai region.ObjectiveTo analyze the anxiety and depression of employees in provincial and municipal administrative organs and public institutions in Qinghai region， so as to provide references for promoting their mental health and intervening in psychological problems.MethodsFrom October 23 to 28， 2022， a total of 3 096 employees in provincial and municipal administrative organs and public institutions in Qinghai region were enrolled using stratified cluster sampling technique， and were assessed using Self-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS） and Self-rating Depression Scale （SDS）.ResultsA total of 1797 （58.04%） employees in municipal and above administrative organs and public institutions in Qinghai region completed a valid questionnaire survey. Depressive symptoms were noted in 579 （32.22%）. SDS scores yielded statistical difference among the selected employees of different ethnicities， types of job positions and educational levels （F=9.074， 101.488， 4.477， P

The new version of the gear accuracy standard GB/T 10095.1—2022 has been released, and the standard of accuracy of rack is written with reference to the gear accuracy standard. The manufacturing technology and the processing accuracy of racks have changed greatly, so the standard of accuracy of rack has been revised. The main differences between the 2022 version of the standard of accuracy of rack and the 1988 version are: terms and symbols; definition of total tooth profile deviation; measurement of the rack pair; adding the parts detection method of flame cutting large modulus racks for lifting and lowering of offshore platforms, as well as five measurement tools that can be used in the production process of racks. Analysis is conducted concerning the added and the revised parts.

The second edition of ISO 1328-2 was released in 2020, which adjusted the scope of application and modified the evaluation system of accuracy level to distinguish it from ISO 1328-1. In order to better understand and apply the gear accuracy standard, the author starts with the change of the standard name and calculation rules of the deviation allowable values, and analyzes the relationship between the differences of each deviation item and the dependent variables in the first and second editions of ISO 1328-1 with the help of the modulus mn, the diameter d of the dividing circle and other variables. At the same time, the author analyzes and compares the new and old editions of ISO 1328-2 in the scope of application, tolerance classification and deviation items and differences in the determination methods of allowable deviation values. The results show that the first and second editions are quite different and should be paid attention to.

ObjectiveTo establish a method based on dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction coupled with gas chromatography for the simultaneous determination of seven common preservatives and three common antioxidants in vinegar.MethodsChloroform was used as the extractant and ethyl acetate was used as the dispersant. The variables affecting the extraction efficiency were investigated， such as the extractant， dispersant， salt addition and pH.ResultsAll analytes were linear in the range of 0.004-1.00 mg/mL， and the correlation coefficients （r） were 0.998 98-0.999 98. The limits of detection were 0.03-0.10 mg/kg and the limits of quantification were 0.10-0.34 mg/kg. The recovery rates were 71.6%-93.5% and the relative standard deviations were 2.3%-8.7%.ConclusionThe method is applicable for the simultaneous determination of preservatives and antioxidants in vinegar.

The degradation of simulated methyl red dye wastewater in a concentric tubular reactor using dielectric barrier discharge low-temperature plasma technology was studied. The effects of discharge power, initial solution concentration, initial pH, treatment time, and atmospheric conditions on the degradation efficiency were studied. The color, pH, and absorbance of methyl red at 521 nm were used to detect the dye concentration, analyze the degradation process, and propose a degradation mechanism for methyl red. The results indicate that (1) in this experiment, the discharge power affects the degradation of methyl red but is limited by temperature and humidity, such that there is no positive correlation between the discharge power and the treatment effect. Therefore, the treatment of the solution at a low discharge power of 115 W is preferable; (2) the higher the initial concentration, the longer the time needed to achieve the same degradation rate as that achieved at lower concentrations; and (3) under the same conditions, a low pH is conducive to the degradation of methyl red, and acidic conditions are conducive to the bond breaking of methyl red.

The photooxidative damage induced by difloxacin to lysozyme was studied using steady-state illumination. Difloxacin damaged lysozyme structure under 315~375 nm light irradiation. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) revealed that the mechanisms and products of oxidative damage were related to the difloxacin concentration, time of irradiation, and ambient conditions. Longer irradiation time and higher difloxacin concentration lead to more serious damage to lysozyme. When incubated under nitrogen, air, or oxygen, the most serious damage to lysozyme was observed in an oxygen atmosphere. The type I process was examined in a nitrogen-saturated solution, whereas both type I and type II were observed in an aerobic atmosphere, and type II was the dominant process.

According to the data of May, August and October 1992, the range of Hg content in Jiaozhou Bay waters was 0.009-0.050 μg /L, which met the water quality standard of class I sea water. This showed that in terms of Hg content, in May, August and October, the water of Jiaozhou Bay was clean and free from any Hg pollution. In May, the range of Hg content in Jiaozhou Bay waters was 0.009-0.038 μg /L. In August, the range of Hg content in Jiaozhou Bay waters was 0.021-0.050 μg/L. In October, the range of Hg content in Jiaozhou Bay waters was 0.011-0.040 μg /L. There were two sources of Hg content in Jiaozhou Bay waters, surface runoff and atmospheric deposition. The Hg content from surface runoffwas 0.038-0.040 μg /L, and that from atmospheric deposition was 0.050 μg /L. The model diagram was established to show the different paths and contents of Hg content in the process of input into Jiaozhou Bay. In May and October, the surface runoff was not polluted by any Hg content. In August, atmospheric deposition was not contaminated by any Hg content. That revealed that Hg, humans issued to land and atmosphere, finally got to the ocean. There were two paths. One is that human beings discharge Hg into the atmosphere, and the Hg content reached into the ocean through atmospheric sedimentation. The Hg content from atmospheric sedimentation was relatively high, but the transportation time was relatively short. The other is that human beings discharge Hg content to the land. Through surface runoff, the Hg content reached into the ocean, and the Hg content from surface runoff was relatively low, but the transportation time was relatively short. With more and more paths, Hg content was decreasing.

Based on the survey data of the waters of Jiaozhou Bay in May, August and October 1992, the change of Pb content and its deposition process in the surface and bottom waters of Jiaozhou Bay were studied. According to the definition and model of Dongfang Yang’s content changing degree, the variation of Pb content at surface and bottom and of Pb content transported by main sea current formed a peak line in the southeast waters of Jiaozhou Bay. The Pb content on the surface reached its peak in August. From May to August, Dongfang Yang’s content changing degree was 79.84°. However, from August to October, it was -85.29°. Specifically, in surface water, Dongfang Yang’s content changing degree from May to August was 62.48°. From August to October, Dongfang Yang’s content changing degree was -39.00°. In the bottom water, Dongfang Yang’s content changing degree from May to August was 70.41°. From August to October, Dongfang Yang’s content changing degree was -80.03°. It indicates that the change of Pb content in surface nearshore waters passed through by the main sea current was determined by the change of Pb content transported by the current. The change of Pb content in surface seawater through the change of ocean currents increases or decreases the increase or decrease of Pb content in surface water —The Pb content of surface water increased or decreased with the increase or decrease of Pb content transported by main sea currents. The Pb content temporal variation in the surface and bottom of the southeastern waters of Jiaozhou Bay from May to October reveals the Pb content settling law: With the increase of Pb content in surface water, the Pb content in bottom water rose faster than that in surface water. When the Pb content in surface water decreased, the Pb content in bottom water decreased much faster than that in surface water. Therefore, the change mechanism of surface and bottom water caused by source transport is proposed with the corresponding model block diagram and changing degree model of Pb content transported by ocean currents.

According to survey data, in Jiaozhou Bay in 1992, the vertical distribution of Cd content and monthly changes in the surface and the bottom of the central sea area of Jiaozhou Bay were studied, and monthly changes, migration processes and variational principles of the Cd content in surface and bottom water were determined. In May, August, and October, the water body that the main sea current did not pass through were those in the center of the bay. Cd content in central surface water of Jiaozhou Bay was not transported from any source outside the bay from May to October. The results showed that Cd content transported by the main sea current changed from low to high in October, May and August; Cd content transported by the bay current changed from low to high: October, August and May; Cd content in surface water in the bay center changed from low to high in: August, May and October; Cd content in the bottom bay center changed from low to high in May, October and August. Thus, from May to October, monthly changes in these four parts were different. For this reason, the monthly variation principle of Cd content in the surface and bottom waters of the bay was proposed. In addition, the model block diagrams were established to show the change process and principle of Cd content deposition and migration. The principle shows that the bay current has no direct effect on the surface water in the center of the bay from May to October. However, the bottom water body in the center of Jiaozhou Bay was greatly affected, and the surface water body in the center of Jiaozhou Bay was further affected by the upwelling.

Using survey data of Pb in water body from southwest of Jiaozhou Bay to west of bay mouth, in August 1992 and according to the horizontal change model and the vertical change model of matter content put forward by authors, we calculate the horizontal loss amount, vertical diluted amount and vertical sediment amount of Pb in surface and bottom layer and determine the model diagram of Pb content horizontal and vertical changes. The results showed that in August, the absolutely horizontal loss amount of Pb content in surface layer and bottom layer was 8.92μg/L, and the relatively horizontal loss amount of Pb content was 56.10%. The absolutely horizontal increase amount of Pb was 5.74μg/L in bottom layer, and the relatively horizontal increase amount was 42.23%. In the southwestern waters of the bay, the absolutely vertical diluted amount of Pb was 8.05μg/L in both surface and bottom layer, and the relatively vertical diluted amount was 50.62%. Meanwhile, in the western waters of bay mouth, Pb content in the surface and bottom layer had an absolutely vertical sediment amount of 6.61μg/L and a relatively vertical sediment amount of 48.63%. From the southwestern waters of the bay to the western waters of the bay mouth, a large amount of Pb content in the surface layer is deposited on the seabed. Therefore, during the horizontal migration of Pb content on the surface, the loss was nearly 60.00% when the current left the bay. However, Pb content in the bottom layer increased by 42.23% during its horizontal migration. Thus, the high Pb content in the surface layer is retained at the bottom of Jiaozhou Bay. When the current left the inside of the bay, Pb content in the surface layer was relatively high with the vertical diluted amount of Pb content in the surface layer and bottom layer reaching almost 50%. When the main sea current reached the western part of the bay mouth, the Pb content in the surface layer could settle on the seabed rapidly and continuously with a high sediment amount of 48.63%.

Based on the survey data of Jiaozhou Bay in 1992, the changes of Pb content in the surface and bottom waters affected by the ocean current in the process of transportation in Jiaozhou Bay were studied, and the sedimentation process and mechanism of Pb content in the surface and bottom waters were determined. The time change process of sedimentation shows that: from May to October, 1) the Pb content transported by the ocean current from the main sea decided the Pb content change in the bottom water; 2) in August, under the carrying of a large number of plankton and suspended particulate matter, the Pb content transported by the ocean current and that in the surface and bottom water reached the maximum value in a year. According to the spatial change process of subsidence, the results show that in August and October, the inlet of the “Cangkou Channel”, the outlet of the “Former Reef Channel” and the deep channel of the strait on the side of Xuejia Island all revealed narrower channel, accelerated current, and deep erosion, forming a deep channel. In such waters, a large amount of Pb content was deposited. On the basis of the sedimentation process in the center of the bay, the outer sea current carried a high content of Pb to surround the nearshore waters in the bay. In May, the main sea current did not affect the surface water in the center of Jiaozhou Bay, nor did it affect the bottom water in the center of Jiaozhou Bay. From May to October, the ocean current didn’t affect the surface water in the center of Jiaozhou Bay, either, but it has brought a huge impact on the bottom water in the center of Jiaozhou Bay. In the transfer process of Pb content in the water body in the center of the bay, the authors put forward the transfer mechanism of the matter content in Jiaozhou Bay, and establish the block diagram of the modelwhich demonstrates the mechanism and the change process of the matter content transfer.

According to the survey dataset of the waters of Jiaozhou Bay in May 1993, this paper studies the migration and changing process of PHC content caused by marine oil spill in the waters of Jiaozhou Bay. In May, take the center of eastern waters, H3107, as the source of marine oil spill, where PHC content is 51.00μg/L. Then a series of concentric circles with different gradients are formed with H3107 station as the center. The PHC content decreases from the high content of 51.00μg/L in the center to the surroundings along the gradient, to 4.16μg/L in the waters of bay mouth, 31.60μg/L in the central waters of the bay, 27.00μg/L in the northern waters, and 48.40μg/L in the northeast waters. According to the horizontal absolute loss rate model of material content, it can be calculated that the value of horizontal absolute loss rate of PHC content in the surface layer of the water body from the eastern center to the bay mouth in May is calculated to be 0.44 Yang Dongfang absolute number; to the central waters of the bay, 0.13 Yang Dongfang absolute number; to the northern waters of the bay, 0.33 Yang Dongfang absolute number; to the northeastern waters of the bay, 0.06 Yang Dongfang absolute number. According to the horizontal relative loss rate model of material content, it is calculated that in May, from the eastern central waters to the waters of bay mouth, the horizontal relative loss rate of PHC content in the surface layer of water body is 8.67 Yang Dongfang relative number; to the central waters of the bay, 2.72 Yang Dongfang relative number; to the northern waters of the bay, 6.47 Yang Dongfang relative number; to the northeastern waters of the bay, 1.33 Yang Dongfang relative number. Therefore, taking H3107, the central point in the eastern part of Jiaozhou Bay, as the source of marine oil spills, its PHC content decreases to the surroundings, whose horizontal absolute loss rate is within 0.06–0.44 Yang Dongfang absolute number and the horizontal relative loss rate is within 1.33–8.67 Yang Dongfang relative number. The order of the horizontal absolute (relative) loss rate of PHC content from low to high is: waters in the northeast of the bay < waters in the bay center < waters in the north of the bay < waters in the bay mouth. The Yang Dongfang horizontal loss rate model of material content reveals the migration and changing law of PHC content during the process of ocean current carrying PHC content: 1) In the downstream direction of the ocean current, the PHC content decreases at the slowest rate, and its loss is the smallest during the migration process. In the countercurrent direction of the ocean current, the PHC content declines the fastest, and the loss is greatest during the migration process. 2) In the downstream direction of the ocean current, as the migration distance continues to increase, the PHC content continues to decline and its loss is gradually increasing during the migration process. 3) In waters where the ocean current does not pass, the PHC content decreases slowly, and the PHC content reaches a relatively high value. During the migration process, its loss is relatively small. The PHC content reaches the waters where the ocean current does not pass, and the loss content is between the loss of the PHC content carried by the ocean current in the downstream direction and the upstream direction.

According to the survey data about the waters of Jiaozhou Bay in May, September, and October 1993, this paper studies the content of PHC and its horizontal distribution in the surface waters of Jiaozhou Bay. The result shows that the range of PHC content in the waters of Jiaozhou bay is 4.16–51.00μg/L, which conforms to the national first, second and third water quality standards. In terms of PHC content, the water quality of Jiaozhou Bay is slightly polluted by PHC content in May, September and October. In May, the range of PHC content in the water of Jiaozhou Bay is 4.16–51.00μg/L, which is slightly polluted by PHC content. In the center of east waters, the water quality is slightly polluted by PHC content and the range of PHC content in other water fields of Jiaozhou Bay is 4.16–48.40μg/L which indicates that the water quality is not polluted by PHC content. In September, the range of PHC content in the waters of Jiaozhou Bay is 6.17–12.70μg/L, which is not polluted by PHC content. In October, the range of PHC content is 11.40–11.80μg/L, indicating that the waters of Jiaozhou Bay are not polluted by PHC. The content of PHC in the waters of Jiaozhou Bay only has one source, the transportation of marine oil spill, and the PHC content transported is 12.70–51.00μg/L. Therefore, as time changes, the ocean polluted by PHC content resulting from marine oil spill has gradually reduced over the course of the year. The marine oil spill has caused the waters in May to be slightly polluted by the PHC content. By September, the waters are not polluted by the PHC content. And then, in October, the marine oil spill has disappeared.

According to the survey dataset on the waters of Jiaozhou Bay from 1984 to 1988, this paper discusses the data of Cd content each year. From the perspectives of content size, horizontal distribution, vertical distribution, seasonal distribution, regional distribution, structural distribution and tendency distribution, it studies the source, water quality, distribution and migration conditions of Cd content in the waters of Jiaozhou Bay. On the scale of space, 21 migration rules have been gotten during the spatial and temporal variation process of Cd content in the waters of Jiaozhou Bay.

Utilizing the survey dataset of Pb in waters from south of bay mouth to southeast of bay in October 1992, and applying the horizontal and vertical change models of matter content put forward by authors, we would calculate the horizontal loss amount, vertical diluted amount and vertical sediment amount of Pb in surface and bottom layers and set up the model diagram on the Pb content horizontal and vertical changes. The research results unveiled that in October, the absolutely horizontal loss amount of Pb content in surface layer and bottom layer was 3.58–7.89μg/L, and the relatively horizontal loss amount of Pb content in surface layer and bottom layer was 27.01–51.30%. In the southern waters of bay mouth, the absolutely vertical sediment amount of Pb was 2.13μg/L, and the relatively vertical sediment amount was 13.84%. In the southeastern waters of the bay, Pb content in the surface layer and bottom layer had an absolutely vertical diluted amount of 6.61μg/L and a relatively vertical diluted amount of 22.54%. In October, in the surface waters, after the main sea current brought high Pb content to the southern waters of the bay mouth, the Pb content began to settle to the seabed in large quantities, leading to a horizontal loss amount of almost one third 27.01% of the Pb content on surface when the current entered the bay. Pb content in the bottom layer of the seabed also reduced greatly by 51.30%, which was more than half. It revealed that Pb content in the surface layer could settle to the bottom rapidly and continuously when the current entered the bay, causing a large loss amount of Pb content in the surface layer. At the same time, the Pb content on the bottom was largely buried in the seabed, causing a lot of losses. In October, in the process of vertical migration, the vertical sediment amount of Pb in the surface and bottom layers 13.84% was shifted to the vertical diluted amount of Pb in the surface and bottom layers 22.54% before and after the main sea current entered the bay. The high Pb content transported by the main sea current had a large amount of settlement in the southern waters of the bay mouth and accumulated in the seabed. However, when the current reached the bay with Pb content, there was also a large amount of settlement in the southeastern part of the bay, but no accumulation in the seabed.

Based on the survey data of Jiaozhou Bay waters in May, September and October 1993, this paper studies the surface horizontal distribution of PHC content in Jiaozhou Bay waters. According to the definition, model and classification of Yang Dongfang homogeneity theory of matter content in waters proposed by the author, the calculation results show that in May, in the waters of Jiaozhou Bay, the non-homogeneous column of PHC content was 46.86μg/L, and the homogeneity of PHC content was 8.15%. At this time, the PHC content had non-homogeneity; in September, the non-homogeneous column of PHC content was 6.53μg/L, and the homogeneous was 48.58%, on which the PHC content had a low degree of homogeneity; in October, the non-homogeneous column of PHC content was 0.40μg/L, and the homogeneity was 96.61%, on which the PHC content had a high degree of homogeneity. This shows that in May, in the entire waters of Jiaozhou Bay, there was the only source of marine oil spill transportation, and the PHC content transported was 51.00μg/L, which was relatively high, resulting that the PHC content was unevenly distributed in the entire water body in the bay. In September, in the entire waters of Jiaozhou Bay, there was only the source of marine oil spill transportation, and its PHC content was 12.70μg/L, which was relatively low. In this way, the distribution of PHC content in the entire water body was lowly homogeneous. In October, there was no source of PHC content in the bay, and the PHC content was relatively low. In this way, the distribution of PHC content in the entire water body was highly homogeneous. From May to September, the monthly decline rate of the PHC content from marine oil spill was 9.57μg/L, the monthly decline rate of the non-homogeneous column of PHC content was 10.08μg/L, and the monthly increase rate of the homogeneity of PHC content was 10.10%. From September to October, the monthly decline rate of the PHC content of marine oil spill was 12.70μg/L, the monthly decline rate of the non-homogeneous column of PHC content was 6.13μg/L, and the monthly increase rate of the homogeneity of PHC content was 48.03%. This fully reveals that the PHC content of marine oil spill is the driving force of its non-homogeneity in the water area, while the ocean tides and currents are the driving force of its homogeneity in the water area. Based on this, the author puts forward the theory of homogeneous distribution of material content: under the action of ocean tides and currents, the ocean has the characteristics of homogeneity, and the distribution of material content in the ocean water body shows homogeneity.

According to the survey data of Jiaozhou Bay water body from 1984 to 1988, this paper analyzed and explored the data of Cd content each year, and studied the sources, water quality, distribution and migration conditions of Cd content in the waters of Jiaozhou Bay from the perspectives of volume, horizontal distribution, vertical distribution, seasonal distribution, regional distribution, structural distribution and tendency distribution. On the time scale, there are five migration processes of Cd content in the waters of Jiaozhou Bay. The author proposed five material migration theories to present the dynamic migration process of material in the water body. These rules, processes and theories not only provide solid theoretical bases for the migration of Cd content in the waters, but also provide enlightenment for the study of the migration of other substances in water bodies.

The Hg content in the waters of Jiaozhou Bay was within 0.010-0.060μg/L in May, September and October 1993, which conforms to the seawater quality standards of Class I and II. It indicates that in the entire waters of Jiaozhou Bay, there were some water areas that did not get contaminated by Hg while some areas got mild contamination by Hg in May, September and October. In May, the variation range of Hg content in the waters of Jiaozhou Bay was 0.010-0.046μg/L. In September, it ranged within 0.007-0.011μg/L. And in October, the content of Hg detected in the waters of Jiaozhou Bay was 0.060μg/L. There were three sources to transport Hg content, open sea currents, Licun river and the surface runoff. The Hg content from the transportation of open sea currents was 0.046μg/L, from the Licun river was 0.011μg/L and from the surface runoff was 0.060μg/L. This paper builds a model block diagram to present the different paths and Hg contents that were input in the Jiaozhou Bay. In May, the open sea currents did not get any contamination of Hg; in August, the Licun river did not get any contamination of Hg as well; while in September, the surface runoff was mildly contaminated by Hg. The author concluded two points about the migration of Hg content: 1) Human activities discharge Hg to the land so that the Hg content could directly run to the ocean through the surface runoff. As the Hg content transported by surface runoff was relatively high, it resulted that the nearshore waters got mild contamination of Hg content. On the other hand, the surface runoff transported Hg to rivers, resulting relatively low content of Hg. Then rivers delivered the Hg content to nearshore waters, leading to a non-contaminated condition of rivers. 2) Human activities input Hg content to the ocean in a long period, resulting the increase of Hg content in the ocean. As the accumulation of Hg content in the ocean, the ocean got close to the mild contamination status.

Based on the survey data of Jiaozhou Bay in 1992, the vertical distribution and seasonal variation of Pb in the surface and bottom waters from the bay center to the south of the bay mouth were studied, and the seasonal distribution, range and horizontal distribution trend of Pb content in the surface and bottom waters were determined. The results show that in May, August and October, Pb content in the waters from the south of the bay mouth to the center of the bay, and in the whole water body from the surface to the bottom, ranged from 4.20 to 24.39 μg/L, which met the national sea water quality standard of class II, class III and class IV. In other words, water quality was mildly, moderately and severely polluted by Pb. In the surface and bottom water, the Pb content was from low to high in May, October and August; In addition, the seasonal change of Pb content in the water body from low to high was as follows: spring, autumn and summer. In May, August and October, when the content of Pb in the surface layer was high, the corresponding bottom layer was high. And when the content of Pb in the surface layer was relatively high, and the corresponding bottom layer was relatively high. It shows that in May, August and October, the loss of Pb content from the surface layer to the bottom layer was relatively large. Further, in the waters from the southeast to the center, in May and August, the horizontal distribution trend of Pb in the surface layer was opposite to that in the bottom layer. But in October, the horizontal distribution trend of Pb in the surface layer was consistent with that in the bottom layer. What’s more, from May to October, the seasonal variation of Pb content in the bottom layer of the water body in the southeastern Jiaozhou Bay was mainly decided by that of Pb content transported by the open ocean current. In the water body in the center of Jiaozhou Bay, the seasonal change of Pb content in the bottom layer was different from that in the surface layer and from that in the ocean current. In terms of time scale, in the waters from the southern bay mouth to the center of the bay, in May, August and October, the Pb content in the surface and the bottom layer changed in the same range, maintaining the consistency. Furthermore, in terms of spatial scale, in May and August, according to the high content and increasing trend of Pb transported by the open sea current, the horizontal distribution trend of Pb in the surface layer was opposite to that in the bottom layer. Nonetheless, in October, the Pb content transported by the open sea current was relatively low and showed a trend of decrease. And the horizontal distribution of Pb in the surface layer was consistent with that in the bottom layer.

Based on research data of the Jiaozhou Bay waters in May, August, and October 1992, the current transportation process and the various sources of Pb contents in the Jiaozhou Bay water body were studied. According to the Yang Dongfang migration law of the content, the results show that: after the ocean current with high levels of Pb content enters the Jiaozhou Bay, spatial change process of the sources carrying Pb content in May, August and October is shown with the transportation of the ocean current. Also, the model block diagram is used to reveal the change process of Pb content imported by ocean currents into the waters of Jiaozhou Bay. The location, magnitude, type, and time of the four sources of Pb content in the waters of Jiaozhou Bay were determined, which are the transportation of ships and terminals, surface runoffs, rivers, and offshore currents. Pb content of surface runoff transport is relatively low, and the transport time is short. Whereas Pb content of the ship terminal is increasing, and the time of transportation is also raising. And the content of Pb transported by rivers is the highest, and it has been transporting from land to sea nonstop throughout the year. Offshore currents carry a very high level of Pb content and constantly transporting it to the water body with low content of Pb. During the year, ships and terminals, land, and rivers were heavily polluted by Pb content, as well as the entire ocean. Among the rivers entering the sea around Jiaozhou Bay, there are four main ones: Haibo River, Licun River, Loushan River, and Dagu River. The sequence of Pb content transported by the rivers from high to low is listed as following: Licun River>Loushan River>Dagu River>Haibo River. The delivery time of Pb content in Licun River is the longer as delivery time in Haibo River, Loushan River and Dagu River is the same. Therefore, it is necessary to strictly control the Pb content from river transportation.

With the help of the data about Cd in the southeast and southwest waters of Jiaozhou bay and models of horizontal and vertical matter content variation proposed by the authors, horizontal loss amount and vertical diluted amount of Cd content in the surface layer and bottom layer are calculated, and the model block diagrams of horizontal and vertical variation of Cd content are determined. The calculation shows that in August, the absolutely horizontal loss amount of Cd content in the surface layer and bottom layer was 0.06-0.43μg/L, and the relatively horizontal loss amount of Cd content in the surface layer and bottom layer was 42.85-57.33%. In the southeast and southwest waters of the bay, the absolutely verticaldiluted amount of Cd content in the surface layer and bottom layer was 0.24-0.61μg/L, and the relatively vertical diluted amount was 75.00-81.33%. In the process of horizontal migration in August, in the surface waters, the main sea current carried Cd content through a circle of the nearshore waters in the bay, and there was almost no source of Cd content. Therefore, in the horizontal migration process of Cd content, after a long journey, the Cd content in the surface layer and bottom layer got a lot of losses. Specifically, the absolutely horizontal loss amount was 0.06- 0.43μg/L, and the relatively horizontal loss amount was 42.85-57.33%, which proved Dongfang Yang’s migration law of matter content put forward by the authors. In the process of vertical migration in August, the Cd content transported by the main sea current was higher in the southeast waters of the bay, and the vertical diluted amount of Cd content in the surface layer and bottom layer was 81.33%. The main sea current reached the waters of the southwest bay from the waters of the southeast bay through a circle of the nearshore waters in the bay. At this time, the Cd content transported by the main sea current was relatively low in the waters of the southwest bay, but the vertical diluted amount of Cd content in the surface layer and bottom layer was still very high, which was 75.00%. It reveals that the vertical diluted amount of Cd content in the surface layer and bottom layer was very high in any water area, whether the Cd content is high or low.

Based on the survey data of Jiaozhou Bay in May, August and October 1992, this paper studied PHC content in Jiaozhou Bay and its horizontal distribution in the surface layer. The results showed that PHC content in the waterbodyof Jiaozhou Bay in May, August and October ranged from 0.006mg/L to 0.075mg/L, which met the first-class, secondand thirdseawater quality standard in China. This fact indicatedthat the waters of Jiaozhou Bay were slightly polluted by PHCduring this period. In May, PHC content in the waterbody of Jiaozhou Bay ranged from 0.006mg/L to 0.070mg/L, showingthat itwasslightly polluted by PHC.The PHC content in the coastalwater at the entrance of Haibo River was 0.070mg/L, beingslightly polluted; The PHCcontent in the other waters of Jiaozhou Bay ranged from 0.006mg/L to 0.042mg/L, not polluted. In August, PHC content in the waterbody of Jiaozhou Bay ranged from 0.019mg/L to 0.056mg/L, slightly polluted by PHC. The PHC content in the central water of theeastern bay was 0.056mg/L, slightly polluted; The PHC content in the other waters of Jiaozhou Bay ranged from 0.019mg/L to 0.048mg/L, not polluted. In October, PHC content in the waterbody of Jiaozhou Bay ranged from 0.028mg/L to 0.075mg/L, showing that it wasslightly polluted by PHC. The PHC content in the coastalwaters at the entrance of Loushan River and Licun River ranged from 0.055mg/L to 0.075mg/L,slightly polluted; The other waters inside Jiaozhou Bay were not polluted. The PHC content in the water at the bay mouthof Jiaozhou Bay was 0.054mg/L, slightly polluted. There were three main sources of PHC in the waters of Jiaozhou Bay, namely oil spill transportation at sea, open sea current transportation and river flow transportation. The PHC content transported through oil spill ranged from 0.042mg/L to 0.056mg/L, that transported through open sea current was 0.054 mg/L, and that transported through river flow ranged from 0.046mg/L to 0.075mg/L. Among them, the PHC content transported through river flow from Loushan River was 0.075mg/L, that from Haibo River was 0.070mg/L, andthat from Dagu River was 0.046mg/L. The PHC content transported through oil spills at sea, open sea currents and river flows caused slight pollution. Therefore, from May to August and then to October, the continuous transportation of much PHC content into the waters of Jiaozhou Bay kept elevating the low level of PHC contentin the waters of Jiaozhou Bay.

Based on the survey data of Jiaozhou Bay in May, June, July, August, September and October of 1980, the bottom water temperature and its horizontal distribution in Jiaozhou Bay were studied. The results showedthat the bottom water temperaturein Jiaozhou Bay rangedat a high level between 12.35℃to 25.72℃and a low level between 10.18℃to 24.58 ℃in May, June, July, August, September and October. From May to October, the bottom water temperature in Jiaozhou Bay was moderately high. In May, June, July and August, a high temperature zone formed around the waterinside the bay mouth, and the bottom water temperaturereached 12.35℃to 25.72℃.From May to August, the bottom water temperaturefirst increased in the watersinside the bay mouth, followed by the water at the bay mouth, withthe water outside the bay mouthas the end. In September and October, the temperature of the eastern coastal water outside Jiaozhou Bay ranged from 20.00℃to 24.43℃, and a high temperature zone formed around there. From September to October,the bottom water temperaturefirst decreased in the water inside the bay mouth, followed by the water at the bay mouth, with the water outside the bay mouthas the end. According to Yang Dongfang's definition of “Cryogenic Low Water Mass”, a cryogenic water mass formed in the bottom water at the bay mouthin September and extended widely among the water inside the bay mouth-at the bay mouth-in the southern part outside the bay mouthwith a temperature of 23.79℃to 23.91℃.

According to the investigation materials in the water field of Jiaozhou Bay from May to October 1980, this paper studies the water temperature of Jiaozhou Bay and the monthly variation. The results show that in each monthfrom May to October, the water temperature varies from 10.80 to 26.53 °C in the waters of Jiaozhou Bay, and the interval length of water temperature is 15.73 °C. This paper determines the changing curve of the high or low value of the water temperature ateach month and establishes the corresponding simulation equation.The high water temperature reaches a maximum of 26.53 °C in August, and the low water temperature reaches a maximum of 24.69 °C in August. In the water bodies of Jiaozhou Bay, the high or low water temperature both reaches its highest value in August. In June, the increasing rate of peak value in water temperature is the fastest, and the increasing rate of low value in water temperature is relatively fast. In October, the decreasing rate of the peak water temperature is relatively fast, and decreasing rateof the lowest value in water temperature is the fastest. From May to August, the high (low) water temperature is on the rise in Jiaozhou Bay. The high water temperature appears in the western waters of the top of bay and the western waters inside of bay mouth. The low water temperature appears in the eastern and southern waters outside of bay mouth. In September and October, the high (low) water temperature in the Jiaozhou Bay water bodies is decreasing. The high water temperature appears in the eastern and southern waters outside of bay mouth, and the low water temperature appears in the western waters of the bayhead.

Many marine bays bave been polluted by Plumbum (Pb) due to the rapid development of industry and the swift increasing of economic, and therefore understanding the source and fate of Pb is essential to environmental remediation in marine bays. This paper analyzed the source and fate of Pb in Jiaozhou Bay, Shandong Province, eastern China in 1989. Results showed that Pb contents in surface waters in April, July and October 1989 were 5.56-12.59 μg L-1, 1.73-15.17 μg L-1 and 0.50-11.57 μg L-1, and the pollution levels were heavy, moderate and slight/moderate, respectively. The major sources of Pb in this bay were atmosphere deposition, overland runoff and river discharge, and their source strengths were 15.17 μg L-1, 12.59 μg L-1 and 11.57-12.06 μg L-1, respectively. The three source input processes were defined that the longer migration processes, the larger loss of substance’s contents. Furthermore, fate of Pb from source to sink was also defined. These migration processes were demonstrated by two block diagrams, which were helpful to better understand the source and fate of Pb in marine bay.

This paper analyzed the source input paths of mercury (Hg) in Jiaozhou Bay using investigation data in surface waters in April, July and October 1989. Results showed that Hg contents in surface waters in the whole year ranged from 0.002-0.449 μg L-1, and in April, July and October were 0.035-0.449 μg L-1, 0.002-0.059 μg L-1 and 0.002-0.028 μg L-1, respectively. The pollution levels of Hg in April, July and October were moderate, slight and little, respectively. River discharge, atmosphere deposition and marine current were the three major Hg sources, whose source strengths were 0.026-0.449 μg L-1, 0.059 μg L-1 and 0.026-0.028 μg L-1, and the pollution levels were moderate, slight and little, respectively. In general, the pollution level of Hg in surface waters in Jiaozhou Bay were mainly determined by source inputs. Furthermore, a block diagram model was provided to demonstrate the input paths of Hg to Jiaozhou Bay.

This paper quantified the horizontal and vertical transferring processes of As in Jiaozhou Bay using investigation data in April and August 1988. Results showed that the horizontal absolute loss amounts of As contents in surface waters were 0.10-1.42 μg L-1, and the horizontal relative loss amounts in surface waters were 7.04%-25.00%, respectively. The horizontal absolute loss amounts of As contents in bottom waters were 0.04-1.00 μg L-1, and the horizontal relative loss amounts in bottom waters were 2.85%-41.66%, respectively. The vertical absolute dilution amounts of As contents were 0.02-0.28 μg L-1, and the vertical relative dilution amounts were 1.78%-16.66%. The vertical absolute accumulation amounts of Pb contents were 0.10-0.86 μg L-1, and the vertical relative accumulation amounts were 7.35%-35.83%. During the transferring processes through the bay mouth, no matter from the internal waters to the open water, or from the open waters to the internal waters, As contents in both surface and bottom layers were decreasing in a certain degree. The changes of As contents in surface and bottom waters were determined by the transferring distance of As in surface waters.

Background: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy is practical in treating cancers of hematopoietic origin, but of that in solid tumors compromises efficacy for the loss of the antigen recognized by the CAR. However, dendritic cell (DC)/tumor fusion vaccines present a spectrum of known or unknown tumor antigens to stimulate T cell expansion and enhanced T cell response. Developing a new strategy of enhanced nanobody-based CAR-T (Nb-CAR-T) cells antitumor activity by DC/tumor fusion vaccines stimulation would provide guidance for more effective CAR-T cell therapies. Methods: Considering the therapeutic potential of nanobody (Nb), we first screened EGFRvIII Nb, then constructed and verified the function of EGFRvIII Nb-CAR-T cells in vitro and in vivo. We further combined DC/tumor fusion vaccines to boost EGFRvIII Nb-CAR-T cells antitumor effect, which was evaluated in vitro Nb-CAR-T cell function and in the tumor-bearing xenograft mouse models. Results: We had for the first time successfully selected EGFRvIII Nb for the generation of the novel EGFRvIII Nb-CAR-T cells. Importantly, our results suggested that DC/tumor fusion vaccines stimulate Nb-CAR-T cells response not only in improving T cell proliferation, T cell activation, cytokine secretion and tumor-specific cytotoxicity in vitro, but also significantly reducing tumor burden, prolonging survival and improving Nb-CAR-T cells infiltration. Conclusions: We have innovatively shown that DC/tumor fusion vaccines significantly enhance the efficacy of Nb-CAR-T cells against solid tumors. This new strategy has provided a promising therapeutic platform for promoting the clinical treatment of CAR-T cells therapy.