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To study the chemical constituents of Ludwigia octovalvis, the 80% ethanol extract from L. octovalvis was isolated by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, Flash C18 and semi-preparative liquid chromatography, and the structures of obtained compounds were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral data. The cytotoxic activity of the isolates were evaluated by MTS method. The results were as follows: (1) Twenty compounds were isolated from L. octovalvis, and their structures were identified as (-)-lyoniresinol (1), 8,8′-bisdihydrosiringenin (2), 5-methoxy-(-)-isolariciresinol (3), (-)-isolariciresinol (4), 3,4′-di-O-methylellagic acid (5), 3,3′,4′-tri-O-methylellagic acid (6), 1,3,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-glucospyranose (7), corilagin (8), methyl gallate (9), ethyl gallate (10), terminaliate A (11), syringic acid (12), 3-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-propanone (13), luteolin (14), kaempferol (15), 5,8-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavone (16), nobiletin (17), tangeretin (18), α-tocopherolquinone (19), 5-O-(E)-p-coumaroyl quinic acid ethyl ester (20). Compounds 1-5, 7, 8, 11, 13, 16-20 were isolated from Ludwigia for the first time. Compounds 6, 9, 10, 12, 15 were isolated from this plant for the first time. (2) Compound 19 showed inhibitory activity against the leukemia HL-60 with the IC50 value of 10.31 μmol·L-1. Compounds 6-8, 19 showed inhibitory activity against the lung cancer cells A549 with the IC50 values of 25.82, 42.05, 36.94, 17.54 μmol·L-1, respectively. Compounds 6, 7, 11, 14, 19 showed inhibitory activity against the liver cancer SMMC-7721 with the IC50 values of 24.24, 26.35, 26.51, 33.34, 20.44 μmol·L-1, respectively. Compounds 6, 19 showed inhibitory activity against the breast cancer MDA-MB-231 with the IC50 values of 34.91, 21.13 μmol·L-1, respectively. Compounds 6, 7, 19 showed inhibitory activity against the colon cancer SW480 with the IC50 values of 36.03, 39.97, 5.52 μmol·L-1, respectively. The results of this study enrich the chemical constituents of L. octovalvis and provide a basis for the development of anti-tumor activity.

This article summarized the experience of integrated Chinese and western medicine nursing of a patient with septic gastrointestinal injury-intestinal obstruction (toxic megacolon). According to the theory of pathogenesis integration of Chinese and western medicine, the appropriate nursing technology of Chinese medicine was implemented in three stages. The first stage was clearing heat and detoxification, smoothing the liver and awakening the blood, including ear bloodletting; In the second stage, measures was taken to promote lung qi, including Traditional Chinese Medicine retention enema and auricular acupoint pressure; In the third stage, the skin needle therapy and Traditional Chinese Medicine hot package therapy were carried out. After 40 days of treatment, the patient's body temperature returned to the normal level, the symptoms of abdominal pain, abdominal distension and diarrhea disappeared, and the pressure ulcer treatment was continued in our hospital. (本文总结1例基于“中西医病机融通理论”治疗脓毒症胃肠损伤-肠痹(中毒性巨结肠)患者的护理体会。通过护理评估和中医辨证, 在常规护理的基础上, 依据“中西医病机融通理论”, 分3个阶段实施耳部放血、中药保留灌肠、耳穴贴压、中药热奄包、皮内针疗法等中医适宜护理技术, 缓解患者不适症状, 改善胃肠功能。)

Ultrafiltration and nanofiltration membrane coupling technology was used to investigate the effects of membrane coupling technology on the concentration effect of biogas slurry and wastewater purification capacity under pH 5-9. The results showed that under the condition of VRF as 5 and 10 times, the concentration and nutrient removal effects under pH of 5-7 were better than those under alkaline condition. With pH of 7 and VRF of 10 times,the concentrations of TN,TP and TK in concentrated liquid were 1 760 mg/L, 435 mg/L and 2 100 mg/L, respectively,and the concentration times were 8.8, 7.63 and 6.34 times, which showed the best salt removal effect and concentration effect. The removal rates of NH4+-N, TN, TP and COD in the filtrate reached 89.71%, 81%, 99.82% and 95.77%, respectively. The effluent quality reached the secondary standards of Pollutant Discharge Standards for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants(GB18918—2002). According to the analysis of scanning electron microscope(SEM) and X-ray energy analyzer(EDX), the membrane pollution included organic-inorganic co-pollution. The removal of pollutants on the membrane surface could be partially achieved by acid and alkali washing.

The neutron tube is the core component of the controllable neutron source logging instrument. Its working stability, temperature resistance, neutron yield and other indicators have an important impact on the working performance of instrument. At present, with the requirement of deep logging, the neutron tube used in logging is supposed to improve neutron yield, temperature resistance, operating life and working stability. In this paper, the structure, materials and manufacturing process of drive-in target neutron tube are designed and optimized to reduce power consumption and improve operating time. The temperature resistance, operating life, and neutron yield of sample tube have tested to estimate the performance of ENT2465 with an outer diameter of 25 millimeters. Place the sample tube in the oil tank of the neutron testing platform and connect the cable. Record the temperature, cumulative working time, neutron yield, target voltage, target current and anode current during the work of the sample tube. The results show that under the target voltage of 80 kV and target current less than 60 μA, the accumulated operating life of the sample tube exceeds 1 000 hours, including 23 hours of continuous operation at 175℃ and more than 500 hours of accumulated operation, and 36 hours of continuous operation at room temperature. The neutron yield only decreases by 5.3 % after 1 000 hours under the same target voltage and current.

One of the major challenges arising in internet of military things (IoMT) is accommodating massive connectivity while providing guaranteed quality of service (QoS) in terms of ultra-high reliability. In this regard, this paper presents a class of code-domain nonorthogonal multiple accesses (NOMAs) for uplink ultra reliable networking of massive IoMT based on tactical datalink such as Link-16 and joint tactical information distribution system (JTIDS). In the considered scenario, a satellite equipped with Nr antennas servers K devices including vehicles, drones, ships, sensors, handset radios, etc. Nonorthogonal coded modulation, a special form of multiple input multiple output (MIMO)-NOMA is proposed. The discussion starts with evaluating the output signal to interference-plus-noise (SINR) of receiver filter, leading to the unveiling of a closed-form expression for overloading systems as the number of users is significantly larger than the number of devices admitted such that massive connectivity is rendered. The expression allows for the development of simple yet successful interference suppression based on power allocation and phase shaping techniques that maximizes the sum rate since it is equivalent to fixed-point programming as can be proved. The proposed design is exemplified by nonlinear modulation schemes such as minimum shift keying (MSK) and Gaussian MSK (GMSK), two pivotal modulation formats in IoMT standards such as Link-16 and JITDS. Numerical results show that near capacity performance is offered. Fortunately, the performance is obtained using simple forward error corrections (FECs) of higher coding rate than existing schemes do, while the transmit power is reduced by 6 dB. The proposed design finds wide applications not only in IoMT but also in deep space communications, where ultra reliability and massive connectivity is a keen concern.

ObjectiveTo identify and analyze the possible influencing factors of obesity among public primary school students in Minhang District， Shanghai.MethodsBasic data， collected through questionnaire stars， was imported with merged physical examination data into Excel to form a database. Data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS 22.00. Independent sample t-test was used for the data with normal distribution. Nonparametric test was used for the data with non-normal distribution. χ2 test was used for the quantitative data. Logistic regression was used for univariate and multivariate analysis.ResultsAccording to the national physical health standards for students （revised in 2014） ， the prevalence rate of obesity among primary school students in Minhang district was 29.63% . The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 32.1% in boys and 26.9% in girls. The trend of overweight and obesity in different grades was similar among different genders .A single factor analysis showed that， being the only child （χ2=9.300， P

Abstract Wheat aging plays an important role in assessing storage wheat quality and its subsequent processing purposes. The conventional detection methods for wheat aging are mainly involved in chemical techniques, which are time-consuming as well as waste part of wheat samples for each detection. Although some physical detection methods have obtained gratifying results, it is extremely hard to expand their application fields but to stay in the theory stage. For this reason, a novel nondestructive detection model for wheat aging based on the delayed luminescence (DL) has been proposed in this paper. Specifically, after collecting enough sample data, we first took advantage of certain hyperbolic function to fit DL signal, and then used four parameters of the hyperbolic function to feature the decay trend of the DL signal. Secondly, in order to better feature the DL signal, we extracted other six features together with above four features to form the input feature vector. Finally, as the bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) network lacked error-correcting performance, the Bi-LSTM network based on Walsh coding (Walsh-Bi-LSTM) mechanism was proposed to establish the detection model, which made the detection model have the error-correcting performance by reasonably splitting the multi-classification target task. Shown by experimental results, the newly proposed wheat aging detection model is able to achieve 94.00% accuracy in the testing dataset, which can be used as a green and nondestructive method to timely reflect wheat aging states.

Objective·To elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of the chromobox protein homolog 8 (CBX8) in prostate cancer metastasis from transcriptome and epigenetic modification perspectives.Methods·The correlation between the expression of CBX proteins and prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was examined through an analysis based on cBioPortal database. A stable CBX8 knockdown DU145 prostate cancer cell line was established via short hairpin RNA (shRNA) transfection. Subsequently, the proliferation and invasion of the CBX8 knockdown cells were analyzed by CCK-8 assay and Transwell assay, respectively. Transcriptome changes of the CBX8 knockdown cells were investigated through RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) coupled with Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA). To further evaluate the functional implications of these transcriptomic alterations, Gene Ontology (GO) for functional analysis was deployed. Moreover, to identify potentially affected signalling pathways, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) was utilized for pathway enrichment analysis. Lastly, the levels of H3K27me3, a key histone modification associated with CBX8, in the knockdown cells were determined by chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq).Results·Bioinformatic analysis with cBioPortal database, based on TCGA-PRAD cohorts, unveiled a high CBX8 mRNA expression in PRAD. Knockdown of CBX8 did not significantly affect the proliferation of DU145 cells (P>0.05), but caused a a significant increase in their invasiveness (P

Recent research has explored the potential of rice husk biochar as a low-cost adsorbent for the removal of contaminants from aqueous solutions, including aldrin, mercury (Hg2+), lead (Pb2+), and cadmium (Cd2+). Experimentation involved adding varying doses of biochar to wastewater with different contamination levels, agitating the mixture for 60 min, and filtering the solutions for analysis. The experiment revealed impressive removal efficiencies: 100% for aldrin, 99.92% - 99.99% for Hg2+, 95.90% - 99.52% for Pb2+, and 88.60% - 99.46% for Cd2+. In binary and quaternary mixtures, Hg2+ showed higher removal efficiency than Pb2+ and Cd2+, with the exception of aldrin. The adsorption order was identified as aldrin > Hg2+ > Pb2+ > Cd2+. The Freundlich adsorption isotherm best described heavy metals in the mono and quaternary component adsorption, while the Langmuir adsorption isotherm was a better fit for the binary component. Consequently, the study highlights rice husk biochar as an efficient, sustainable, and environmentally friendly option for wastewater treatment.

Due to the large-scale development of rooftop photovoltaics and the continuous improvement of the national carbon trading market, the carbon credits generated by rooftop photovoltaics power generation can obtain additional income through carbon allocation offset or participation in carbon trading market. Firstly, the path and methods of participating in the carbon trading market for rooftop photovoltaic projects are studied, focusing on how large-scale rooftop photovoltaic projects participate in the carbon trading market and the degree of impact on the project's economy. Secondly, the life-cycle economic model of rooftop photovoltaic with carbon trading income is established based on the power generation model. Thirdly, in order to quantitatively analyze the income of carbon trading, an improved grey prediction GM(1, 1) model based on the differential threshold filtering method is proposed to predict the future carbon price. Finally, an example of large-scale rooftop photovoltaic is analyzed. The results show that large-scale rooftop photovoltaic considering participation in the carbon trading market has a relatively significant economic improvement.

ObjectiveTo develop a new mosquito trap and evaluate its effectiveness in Aedes albopictus monitoring in an urban community.MethodsThe first-round field test was conducted in a well-greened residential neighborhood with high Aedes albopictus density calculated by human landing catch in August 2022， in Minhang District， Shanghai. 65 new test containers with different designs were randomly deployed in the field. These trap containers were designed by different material， color， hole size， shape and top cover colors. The results of mosquito and its egg trapping were observed and recorded continuously for 7 days. In September 2022， the second round of experiment was conducted. After comparison， an optimized trap container was designed. 140 new trap containers were compared with 140 traditional ones to evaluate the effectiveness. SPSS 22.5 software was used for statistical analysis.ResultsThere were significant changes in the outcome of mosquito and its egg trapping on the 4th and 7th day of the pre-experiment deployment of the three kinds of containers. The 200 ml container cup with three round holes in the body had the best effect on trapping mosquitos and eggs， with a positive rate of 45.5% （5/11）， while other type of contrainer cup only had a positive rate of 12% （6/50） in trapping mosquitos and eggs. Statistical significant differences （χ2=45.443，P

Background The long-term and stable development of the general practitioner workforce is crucial to the implementation of policies related to contracted family doctor services, the continuous promotion of construction of the hierarchical diagnosis and treatment system, and the realization of national strategic goals for achieving "big health". Whether a general practitioner continues to work in general practice depends primarily on his confidence in the profession. Exploring the perceptions toward general practice as a career among general medical graduates finishing the standardized general residency training program (SGRTP) , can provide a reference for the improvement of training content and relevant policy formulation. However, there are few relevant studies. Objective To explore the perceptions toward general practice career among non-targeted admission general medical graduates completing the SGRTP, offering insights into how to better retain general practice talents. Methods In August 2021, stratified cluster random sampling was used to select non-targeted admission general medical graduates who had been admitted to the SGRTP in 10 standardized general residency training bases in Henan Province during 2014 to 2017, and completed the SGRTP as of the survey date. They attended a self-administered survey conducted through an online platform named "Wenjuanxing", using a questionnaire developed by our research group for understanding their general information, standardized training information, current work situation and perceptions toward a career in general practice. Results Three hundred and twenty-six cases attended the survey, and 271 (83.1%) of them who handed in responsive questionnaires were finally included, among whom 77 (28.4%) went into the career of general practice after the completion of SGRTP. Compared with their counterparts who did not work in general practice following the completion of training, the trainees who worked in general practice rated the disciplinary position of general medicine and the social position of general practitioners higher (P0.05) . The top three advantages of primary care institutions were "better health guidance for residents" (213 cases, 78.6%) , "optimal allocation of medical resources, relieving pressure on major hospitals and avoiding waste of resources" (165 cases, 60.9%) , and "solving the problem of'seeing a doctor is difficult and expensive' among the masses" (162 cases, 59.8%) . The rates of trainees choosing the options of advantages of primary care institutions did not vary by whether or not working in general practice following the completion of SGRTP (P>0.05) . The top three disadvantages of primary care institutions according to the trainees were "low salary for general practitioners" (212 cases, 78.2%) , "poor hardware and equipment" (181 cases, 66.8%) , and "inadequate social security mechanism" (111 cases, 41.0%) . The rate of trainees choosing "inadequate social security mechanism" or "great concern in educational issues for children due to backward development in remote rural areas" varied by whether or not working in general practice following the completion of SGRTP (P0.05) . Conclusion Age, education level, marital status, mother's education level and occupation, whether or not being the only child in the family, and current work unit were associated with the perceptions toward general practice career in non-targeted admission general medical graduates completing the SGRTP. The supporting policies and salary system are main factors affecting the development of general medicine and primary care institutions, and priority should be given to the allocation of hardware and equipment and the education guarantee for children of general practitioners.

The traditional supply chain encounters policy red light and green trade barriers, and the reasonable and efficient utilization and allocation of social resources are restricted. This paper is based on fuzzy theory and hierarchical analysis method to determine the relative weights of evaluation indexes, using the triangular fuzzy function method to study and analyze the optimal choice of fuzzy synthesis operator, and finally establishing the green supply chain financial value architecture analysis method based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The analysis of this paper’s method finds that the comprehensive index of the development level of digital supply chain finance in the eastern region is 0.5659, and the value architecture of green supply chain finance has a significant role in promoting the gross profit margin and return on net assets of enterprises, making the return on net assets of enterprises about 9 percentage points higher than the average value in the industry, and lowering the number of days of turnover of the receivables of the enterprises, which is lower than the counterparts by about 57 days, which is an obvious advantage in the industry. The method examines the supply chain finance value architecture to show that when the enterprise’s anti-disturbance ability increases from 0.1 to 0.4, it becomes more resistant to risk propagation.

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) usually need an activation process to obtain its best electrochemical performance.Compared with the traditional activation methods, electrochemical hydrogen pump has the advantages of saving time and hydrogen cost. The electrochemical hydrogen pump is a method in which hydrogen is oxidized into protons at the anode, and the protons migrate to the cathode with an applied electric field, and then are reduced to hydrogen again. The performance, internal impedance and electrochemical specific area(ECSA) changes of PEMFC after electrochemical hydrogen pump activation were studied with the help of polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) and cyclic voltammetry(CV) tests. Then the mechanism of the hydrogen pump activation was analyzed. Moreover, the influence of different current densities, inlet humidities and activation temperatures were investigated. The results show that after the hydrogen pump activation, the fuel cell performance is improved obviously, the slope of Tafel curve is decreased, the charge transfer resistance and mass transfer resistance get lower values, while the ohmic resistance is basically unchanged, and the ECSA is increased. Therefore, the mechanism of the hydrogen pump activation is related to the quantity of active species and microstructure of catalyst layer. The performance of hydrogen pump activation under 200 mA·cm-2 is better than that of under 100 mA·cm-2. The performance of hydrogen pump activation under the inlet humidity of 150%RH is better than that of 100%RH and 200%RH. In addition, the activation temperature has little impact on the PEMFC performance after hydrogen pump activation, and the fuel cell can be fully activated by hydrogen pump activation for 30 min at room temperature.

Involute splines are widely used in the transmission system of special vehicles. At present, the spline pair is regarded as rigid connection, and the interface contact state of spline pairs directly affects the characteristics of the transmission system in the environment where the dynamic characteristics of the transmission system are highly required. Considering the fit clearance of spline pairs, the engagement stiffness of spline single teeth is calculated using the cantilever beam model, and the bending-torsional coupling model of involute spline pairs is established. The Runge-Kuta method is used to solve the model, the dynamics test platform is built to verify the correctness of the analytical model, and the acceleration spectrum characteristics are analysed. The research results show that the theoretical and experimental results are consistent under different rotational frequencies, which proves the validity of the model. With the increase of the clearance, the force of each spline pair tooth decreases, and the force of each tooth is not uniform under the same clearance amount. The proposed dynamic model analysis method can provide a basis for the study of interface contact characteristics of involute splines in clearance fit.

To improve the adaptability of quadruped robot to different terrain and ensure the posture stability of the robot body during gait switching, it is necessary to plan different gaits for quadruped robot. This paper mainly studies the switching among three different gaits, and a switching control method of quadruped robot gait based on the dynamic and static combination is proposed, which includes intermittent static gait is switched to non-intermittent gait, non-intermittent gait is switched to trot gait. Firstly, this paper takes quadruped robot as the research object, the SolidWorks is used to conduct three-dimensional modeling, and the D-H algorithm is used to deduce the kinematics equation of a single leg. Then, the stability margin theory and the walking gait model of the quadruped robot is analyzed, and the gait switching strategy is formulated and the stability of the switching process is studied. Meanwhile, the important parameters affecting the motion stability of the robot during the switching process are analyzed, and the trajectory of the switching gait is planned by Matlab. In addition, based on Matlab-Adams co-simulation analysis and physical prototype experiment analysis, the simulation and experimental resulted verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed quadruped robot gait switching control strategy based on dynamic and static combination.

In this study, 24 samples from sections of Shiniu Temple and Dashidong archaeological sites in Chongqing were selected to compare the effects of different pretreatment methods on grain size analysis. Each sample was pretreated using one of five methods: (A) pretreating with distilled water, (B) pretreating with (NaPO3)6, (C) pretreating with H2O2, (D) pretreating with HCl, and (E) comprehensively pretreating with H2O2,HCl, and (NaPO3)6. Pretreated samples were ultrasonically dispersed for 10 minutes before examination using a Malvern Mastersizer 2000. First, with the addition of distilled water or the 0.05 mol/L (NaPO3)6 dispersant, a dispersion effect was not obvious. Indeed, the main grain size parameters were similar to those seen without any pretreatment (method A), indicating that physical pretreatment methods can neither remove possible impurities, such as carbonates and organic matter, nor disperse the potential cementitious particles in the sample. Second, the addition of H2O2 effectively removed organic debris at the archaeological site, enabling the experimental results to accurately reflect the grain size characteristics of inorganic particles in the sediment. The average median grain size of the sediments at the Shiniu Temple archaeological site was the smallest, and the clay content was the highest after being pretreated in this way. The sand content was reduced by approximately 50% compared with that of the sample without pretreatment. The performance is very stable throughout the Shiniu Temple profile; however, for some samples rich in carbonate cement at the Dashidong archaeological site, the effect of this pretreatment method is limited. Third, after pretreatment with 10% dilute HCl, the median grain size of the sample from Shiniu Temple site increased, the sand content remained similar, and the clay content was significantly reduced. The clay content and sand content of Dashidong site decreased simultaneously, revealing that HCl reacts with intergranular carbonate cement to reduce the content of coarse-grained components and causes clay minerals to potentially flocculate in the acidic environment, resulting in content reduction. Acid pretreatment of the grain size was originally suggested from research on loess, aiming to remove a large number of authigenic carbonate minerals in sediments from arid and semi-arid areas. However, it may not be suitable for sediments in humid areas. On the one hand, the content of authigenic carbonate in the sample in such an area is extremely low, making acid treatment nonessential. On the other hand, clay minerals, such as montmorillonite and kaolinite, flocculate under the colloid action of iron oxide in an acidic environment, which makes the grain size coarser, having a counterproductive effect. In this study, archaeological samples from typical karst areas were selected and the optimal particle size pretreatment method was determined through comparative experiments, providing an important reference for follow-up research. Namely, the content of carbonate cement is low, the optimal pretreatment effect can be achieved by adding H2O2 to remove organic impurities. If the carbonate composition is significant, the iron oxide in the sample can be removed first and then treated with dilute HCl, effectively avoiding the flocculation of clay minerals. Whether better pre-treatment methods are available needs to be explored further.

Layered structures play an increasingly pivotal role in diverse fields such as aerospace, pipeline transportation, and petrochemical engineering. However, defects situated at the interfaces between layers pose a challenge for conventional Non-Destructive testing (NDT) methods, impeding accurate imaging. This research introduces the elliptic tangent imaging method based on interface wave modes to visualize interfacial defects within layered structures. The interface wave mode, characterized by high-frequency non-dispersive traits, facilitates precise localization of defects. Its energy concentration in the interface enhances sensitivity to interfacial defects. The elliptic tangent imaging method proposed in this paper capitalizes on the transmission coefficients of the oblique incidence technique for surface waves, enabling the concurrent determination of defect location and orientation using one pair of transducers. The application of the orthogonal matched pursuit algorithm for sparse representation of the raw signal further enhances positioning accuracy. This paper establishes an automatic detection system for interface waves, demonstrating swift transducer switching. Experimental validation of wave velocity aligns closely with theoretical calculations. In experiments focusing on interfacial defect imaging in bilayer aluminum-steel plates, the system exhibits the capability to accurately depict interfacial defects with varying orientations.

Controlling the sizes of liposomes is critical in drug delivery systems because it directly influences their cellular uptake, transportation, and accumulation behaviour. Although micro-mixer has frequently been employed when synthesizing nano‑sized liposomes, little is known regarding how flow characteristics determine liposome formation. The mixing performance of a three-dimensional micromixer with a herringbone groove structure was studied by numerical analysis, and its structure was optimized. The model was verified by simulation and experiment. In the herringbone groove structure, excellent mixing index can be achieved by split-recombination and chaotic advection mechanism. The results show that the mixing index increases with the increase of Reynolds number, and the mixing is very sensitive to the shape of the groove, which can be used for mixing control in microdevices.

Vanadium dioxide (VO2) has attracted extensive attention due to the specific metal-insulator phase transition as well as the wide device applications. The practical performance of VO2-based device strongly depends on the quality of VO2, since the higher quality of VO2 film always shows much more pronounced phase transition behavior. Thus, the preparation of high quality VO2 film is essential and highly desirable. In this work, we have prepared high-quality VO2 film on SiC substrate by water vapor oxidation with graphene (G) buffer layer, which showed excellent phase transformation properties. Compared with the VO2/SiC sample without G buffer layer, the VO2/G/SiC films show the resistance changes up to four-orders of magnitude across the phase transition boundary and superior optoelectronic properties, which indicates the significant role of G layer in the film growth process. The current study not only provides an economical and feasible method for VO2/G/SiC thin film preparation with high quality, but also supply some clues for the application of G-based VO2 devices in the future.

Taking No.3 coal seam of Daping Coal Mine in Lu’an Mining Area of Shanxi Province as the research object, the response law of coal permeability to pore pressure and surrounding pressure was systematically explored by using HB-2 type coal rock sample pore permeation adsorption measurement device, and the relationship between the permeability of loaded coal samples and pore pressure and surrounding pressure was quantitatively analyzed. The results show that: the permeability of coal samples under low pore pressure conditions decreases with the increase of pore pressure in accordance with the power function, and the permeability of coal samples is more sensitive when the pore pressure is below the critical value of 1.5 MPa; the permeability of coal samples under constant pore pressure conditions decreases with the increase of surrounding pressure in a power function, and the permeability decreases significantly, more than 85%; the change of stress in coal reservoir will produce more than 50% irreversible damage to coal permeability. The overall trend of the permeability decay rate during unloading of the coal body with the increase of the surrounding pressure is a downward decay law, and its local variation is characterized by fluctuations of more than one extreme value.

The growth of fungi on rice grains during storage will affect rice quality. In severe cases, these fungi will produce mycotoxins and cause food safety issues. It is the premise of effective prevention and control of deleterious fungi to determine the fungal community composition of rice grains during storage and accurately identify the dominant species, which is of great significance in ensuring the quality safety and food safety of rice grains. In this study, we used the methods of traditional microbial separation culture to investigate the fungal communities of stored rice grains from warehouses of different regions. In combination with the sequence of ex-types and authentic strains, we used morphological observations and multigene phylogenetic analysis to accurately identify the dominant fungal species of stored rice grains in China. The dominant species were A. flavus, A. niger and A. montevidensis (A. amstelodami) in Southern China and A. proliferans and A. montevidensis in Northern China. The detailed identification process and related data of the predominant fungal species on the stored rice grains in the North and South China were expounded in this paper, which has provided a reference for the accurate identification of deleterious fungi in grains.

Objective To investigate the differences of intestinal flora in Vitamin D adequacy and deficiency groups of children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD) and the correlation between serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D [T-25(OH)D] levels and intestinal flora. Methods ASD children who attended the outpatient clinic of the department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology of Peking Union Medical College Hospital during October 2009 and February 2022 were retrospectively included in the study. According to the serum T-25(OH)D levels, they were divided into Vitamin D adequacy group[T-25(OH)D > 30 μg/L], Vitamin D insufficiency group[20 μg/L≤T-25(OH)D≤30 μg/L] and Vitamin D deficiency group[T-25(OH)D < 20 μg/L].Serum T-25(OH)D levels were measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Human gut metagenome data from these children with ASD were analyzed using bioinformatics methods. Results 46 children with ASD who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. The numbers of patients in Vitamin D adequacy group, Vitamin D insufficiency group and Vitamin D deficiency group were respectively 15, 16 and 15. Linear discriminant analysis revealed that the bacteria abundance of Bilophila wadsworthia, Adlercreutzia equolifaciens, Asaccharobacter celatus and Escherichia coli were significantly enriched, while the bacteria abundance of Bacteroides fragilis and Hungatella hathewayi were significantly lower in the Vitamin D deficiency group. The relative abundance of Bilophila wadsworthia and Adlercreutzia equolifaciens were negatively correlated with serum T-25(OH)D levels(r=-0.45, fdr=0.055, P=0.002;r=-0.44, fdr=0.055, P=0.003), and the relative abundance of Bacteroides fragilis was positively correlated with serum T-25(OH)D levels (r=0.42, fdr=0.073, P=0.004). Conclusions Vitamin D deficiency in ASD may exacerbate ASD flora disorders, and decreased serum T-25(OH)D levels may facilitate potentially harmful bacteria but inhibit probiotic colonization. This study provides partial evidence that children with ASD should be actively supplemented with vitamin D.

In the case of finite alphabet inputs, information transmission rate limit of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) visible light communications (VLC) and radio frequency (RF) aggregation systems is still unknown. Therefore, the unclosed expression information transmission rate and its lower bound with closed expression of OFDM VLC-RF aggregation system are derived based on mutual imformation function, and the problem of energy efficiency maximization is studied based on the two communication rates. Specifically, the energy efficiency maximization problem satisfying the spectrum efficiency (SE) threshold, total electric power and average optical power constraints is studied. At the same time, the Dinkelbach-type algorithm is used to transform the energy efficiency maximization nonconvex problem into a series of convex sub-problems, and then the interior point algorithm is used to solve it. Simulation results show that when SE threshold increases, energy efficiency first remains constant and then decreases, and energy efficiency based on the lower bound of information transmission rate can be used as a low complexity approximation of energy efficiency based on information transmission rate. The finite alphabet inputs VLC-RF aggregation system studied in this paper provides a new direction for practical communication aggregation system research.

For promoting the preparation and application of graphene-based composite materials, graphene/nickel composite coating and pure nickel coating were prepared on the surface of carbon steel substrate by electrodeposition method. The morphology of coating was observed and analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the phase of the coating was analyzed by X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The mechanical properties of the coating were evaluated by hardness tester. Results showed that the introduction of graphene refined the nickel based crystal grains for graphene/nickel composite coating under the same preparation conditions. Due to the higher conductivity of the graphene than the Ni, Ni ions tended to be preferably deposited on the surface of the graphene sheets during electrodeposition process, leading to formation of bumps, while pure Ni coating without graphene exhibited a smooth and flat surface and a coarse grain structure. XRD results showed that no phase transformation occurred during electrodeposition process, and the addition of graphene resulted in the smaller crystal grains and the denser surface microstructure of deposited Ni. Raman spectrum results indicated that the smaller the deposition current, the greater the intensity ratio of 2D peak to G peak of deposited graphene, and the better the dispersion effect. Moreover, the hardness of the nickel coating with graphene was significantly higher than that of the coating without graphene, and the highest hardness could reach about 530 HV4.9 N. The above results showed that the electrodeposition method could be an effective way to introduce graphene in the metal substrate as the second phase to prepare high-performance graphene/metal composite materials.

The existing research on the fracture structure and grouting effect of grouting coal and rock mass cannot be quantitatively characterized. In order to solve the problem, the self-built grouting test system for loaded coal and rock mass is used to carry out the grouting test of different loaded fractured coal samples(uniaxial and splitting). The CT scanning of the fractured coal sample before and after grouting are carried out by using industrial CT scanning equipment. The image analysis software VG Studio MAX is used to accurately extract the fractures of the digital coal sample obtained from CT scanning data reconstruction model. The digital quantitative analysis of the three-dimensional fracture morphology and structure of the loaded fractured coal samples before and after grouting is carried out. ① The results show that the main fracture of the fractured coal sample under uniaxial loading penetrates from both sides of the top of the coal sample to the bottom of the coal sample and converges. The fracture width is basically unchanged. The coal sample is mainly fractured under the action of shear stress. The overall degree of fragmentation is large. The main fracture network is accompanied by more small fractures. The number of fracture above 50 mm is changed from 1 before grouting to 0 after grouting. The total fracture volume is reduced from 12 000 mm3 to 5 700 mm3 by 52.5%. It shows that the fracture structure of fractured coal sample under uniaxial loading is not conducive to slurry diffusion flow. The main fracture of splitting failure coal sample extends downward from the top to the middle and lower part of the coal sample along the vertical direction. The fracture width is large. And then the fracture tilts 45° to one side and continues to extend. The fracture width gradually narrows. The number of fractures above 50 mm is changed from 2 before grouting to 0 after grouting. The total fracture volume is reduced from 3 430 mm3 to 312 mm3 by 90.9%. It shows that the fracture structure of splitting failure coal sample is conducive to the flow and filling of slurry. ② The permeability of fractured coal sample under uniaxial loading is decreased from 57×10−14 m2 before grouting to 1.2×10−14 m2 after grouting by 97.9%. The permeability of splitting failure coal sample is decreased from 75×10−14 m2 before grouting to 1.3×10−14 m2 after grouting by 98.3%. It shows that grouting has a significant effect of plugging leakage and reducing seepage on coal sample with different failure forms. ③ The change of fracture volume and permeability of two kinds of coal samples before and after grouting are compared. It shows that although the grouting slurry of fractured coal sample under uniaxial loading only fills part of the fracture, the permeability difference is very small compared with the original coal sample. This result indicates that by blocking the connectivity of the air leakage channel, the fractures can be effectively blocked and a good grouting hole sealing effect is achieved. The research results can provide useful references for quantitative analysis of grouting in fractured coal and evaluation of grouting plugging effect in coal seam.

Phosphogypsum (PG) contains a lot of soluble phosphate (PO43--P) and fluorine ion (F-), which seriously has hindered the sustainable development of the phosphorous chemical industry. In this study, a new burning raw material (BRM) as an intermediate product in the cement production process was used for PO43--P and F- stabilize in PG. The stabilizing mechanism of PO43--P and F- were investigated by Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-ray spectroscopy system (XPS). The effect of PG and BRM weight ratio, solid-to-liquid ratio, reaction time, and reaction temperature on the concentrations of PO43--P and F- were studied. The results showed that the concentration of F- in the PG leaching solution was 8.65 mg/L and the stabilizing efficiency of PO43--P was 99.78%, as well as the pH of the PG leaching solution was 8.12 when the weight ratio of PG and BRM was 100:2, and the solid to liquid ratio was 4:1, reacting for 24 h at the temperature of 30 ℃. PO43--P and F- were mostly solidified as Ca5(PO4)3F, CaPO3(OH), Ca5(PO4)3(OH), Ca2P2O7·2H2O, CaSO4PO3(OH)·4H2O, CaF2, and CaFPO3·2H2O. Leaching test results indicated that the concentrations of PO43--P, F- and heavy metals were less than the integrated wastewater discharge standard (GB8978–1996). This study provides a new harmless treatment method for PG.

Objective To investigate the classification of atrophic glossitis and to study the correlation between the classification and changes of VitB12, folic acid (FOL) and blood cell parameters.Methods A total of 70 patients with atrophic glossitis (AG) were divided into complex type and simple type according to whether they had ulcer or erosion on the tongue mucosa or not. Another 65 healthy subjects during the same period were collected as the control group. The levels of vitamin B12, FOL and blood cell parameters were statistically analyzed using SPSS 25.0 software package.Results The levels of vitamin B12, red blood cell count (RBC) (3.52 ± 0.69) × 1012·L-1, hemoglobin (HGB)(11.97 ± 1.70) g·dL-1, white blood cell count (WBC) (4.85 ± 1.16) × 109·L-1, neutrophil count (NEUT) (2.76 ± 0.99) × 109·L-1, lymphocyte count (LYMPH) (1.48 ± 0.44) × 109·L-1 in complex type AG group were lower than those in simple type AG group (P0.05). The levels of VitB12, MCV, MCH, MCHC, WBC, lymph and neut were correlated with the classification of atrophic glossitis (P < 0.05). Conclusion VitB12 deficiency was more apparent in complex AG, especially in large cell anemia, which correlated with the levels of WBC, NEUT, and LYMPH.

Small target detection in high strength clutter background is in great in remote imaging system, a new improved spatio-temporal filtering was proposed in this paper. Firstly, traditional anisotropy filtering has poor suppression effect in strength edge contour region, so a new diffusion filtering function proposed in paper. According to the analysis with difference of each component of the image, a new anisotropy diffusion function is constructed in this paper. When the difference of background and target is small, this algorithm will give in large diffusion coefficient to filter most background clutter and retain target signal well which achieves background prediction better. Secondly, because the traditional spatiotemporal filter algorithm cant follow the motion object in the fixed search pipe diameter what will make lose the target detection, a new weight constraint function of adaptive change of the search diameter in this paper is built which can change the search diameter with the moving of target, and improve the detection accuracy. Finally, experiments show that compared with traditional algorithms and detected in different scenes, this method can enhance small target detection effectively.

The interaction between a mobile quantum impurity and a bosonic bath leads to the formation of quasiparticles, termed Bose polarons. The elementary properties of Bose polarons, such as their mutual interactions, can differ drastically from those of the bare impurities. Here, we explore Bose polaron physics in a two-dimensional nonequilibrium setting by injecting σ^{-} polarized exciton-polariton impurities into a bath of coherent σ^{+} polarized polaritons generated by resonant laser excitation of monolayer MoSe_{2} embedded in an optical cavity. By exploiting a biexciton Feshbach resonance between the impurity and the bath polaritons, we tune the interacting system to the strong-coupling regime and demonstrate the coexistence of two new quasiparticle branches. Using time-resolved pump-probe measurements, we observe how polaron dressing modifies the interaction between impurity polaritons. Remarkably, we find that the interactions between high-energy polaron quasiparticles, which are repulsive for small bath occupancy, can become attractive in the strong impurity-bath coupling regime. Our experiments provide the first direct measurement of Bose polaron-polaron interaction strength in any physical system and pave the way for exploration and control of many-body correlations in driven-dissipative settings.

Grain waste and economic losses caused by mycotoxin happened every year in the world.Nonetheless, prevention and control of these toxic secondary metabolites remain difficult. MyToolBox, a four-year project which has received funding from EU’s Horizon 2020, proposes an integrated, affordable and practical mycotoxin management system covering the whole chain, from field, harvest, drying, storage,food processing, to waste management alternative energy, to ensure food and feed security and safety. This paper presents an overview of MyToolBox mycotoxin integrated management system and puts forward suggestions for its application in China.

ObjectiveA sensitive and rapid method was developed for the determination of 17 β-adrenergic receptor blockers(β-blockers) by ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS).MethodsThe β-blockers were extracted from porcine sample with acetonitrile, purified by solid phase extraction column Oasis Prime HLB. The analytes were then separated by the Endeavorsil C18 chromarographic column with methanol and 0.1% formic acid as gradient mobile phase. The ion fragment information analytes were obtained using ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry under multiple reaction monitoring mode and the isotope internal standards were used to quantify by calibration curves.ResultsThe linear ranges of 17 β-blockers were from 0.2 to 20 μg/kg, with correlation coefficient (R)>0.999. The limits of detection (LOD) were 0.05-0.07 μg/kg, and the limits of quantification (LOQ) were 0.15-0.2 μg/kg. The average recoveries of β-blockers(added into blank porcine samples at three concentration levels) ranged from 84.97% to 123.40%, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 0.41% to 13.94%.ConclusionThe method is simple, sensitive, accurate and is suitable for the confirmation and quantification of β-blockers in porcine samples.

With the development of artificial intelligence technology, explosive research on the recognition of retina diseases with artificial intelligence was published worldwide, among which, diabetic retinopathy attracted most attention. However, evaluation of different artificial intelligence software remains a problem. The Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital published the first standard well-annotated color photo database of diabetic retinopathy for artificial intelligence research in China. We herein present the procedures for the establishment of the database and aim to provide reference for the future development of similar databases.

Objective To investigate the effect of TGF-β1 on autophagy in hippocampal neurons induced by intermittent hypoxia. Methods In vivo experiment: Twelve SD rats were randomly divided as control group (N group) and intermittent hypoxia group (IH group); Their cognitive function was assessed by Morris water maze; Neuronal autophagy was observed by transmission electron microscopy and immunohistochemical assay; The expression of LC3, P62 and TGF-β1 in the hippocampus was detected by Western blotting. In vitro experiment: the mouse hippocampal neuron cell line (HT22 cells) was divided as control group (N group), intermittent hypoxia group (IH group), intermittent hypoxia+TGF-β1 group (IH+TGF-β1 group) and intermittent hypoxia+SB431542 group (IH+SB431542 group), the expression of TGF-β1, LC3 and P62 was detected by Western blotting. Results Compared with the N group, the average escape latency and the residence time in the target quadrant were both prolonged in the IH group (P < 0.05). Besides, the number of autophagosomes was increased under electron microscope and the stained intensity of LC3 was enhanced in immunohistochemical assay. Western blotting indicated that the expression of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ and P62 was up-regulated (P < 0.05), while that of TGF-β1 was down-regulated (P < 0.05) in the in vitro and in vivo experiments. Compared with the IH group, the protein level of TGF-β1 was up-regulated, while that of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ and P62 was decreased (P < 0.05) in the IH+TGF-β1 group (P < 0.05); The expression of LC3-Ⅱ/LC3-Ⅰ was increased in the IH+SB431542 group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Intermittent hypoxia causes cognitive dysfunction in rats, which is probably related to the accumulation of neuronal autophagy. TGF-β1 attenuates the increase of neuronal autophagy induced by intermittent hypoxia.