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Natural products are treasure houses for modern drug discovery. Diphyllin is a natural arylnaphthalene lignan lactone isolated from the leaf of Astilboides tabularis. Studies have found that it possesses plenty of bioactivity characteristics. In this paper, we reviewed the structure, bioactivity, and mechanism of action of diphyllin and its derivatives. The references were obtained from PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct databases up to August 2023. Papers without a bio-evaluation were excluded. Diphyllin and its derivatives have demonstrated V-ATPase inhibition, anti-tumor, anti-virus, anti-biofilm, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant activities. The most studied activities of diphyllin and its derivatives are V-ATPase inhibition, anti-tumor activities, and anti-virus activities. Furthermore, V-ATPase inhibition activity is the mechanism of many bioactivities, including anti-tumor, anti-virus, and anti-inflammatory activities. We also found that the galactosylated modification of diphyllin is a common phenomenon in plants, and therefore, galactosylated modification is applied by researchers in the laboratory to obtain more excellent diphyllin derivatives. This review will provide useful information for the development of diphyllin-based anti-tumor and anti-virus compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The synthesis of oxiranylidene-2,2-bis(phosphonic acid), a pyrophosphate analogue salt with an epoxide functional group, is presented. The synthesis involves the NA2WO4/H202 oxidation of ethenylidene-1,1-bis(phosphonic acid). The results of structural studies and characterization of the epoxide are presented. The synthesis and characterization of its tetraethyl ester are also presented.

Considers the synthesis of oxiranylidene-2,2-bis(phosphonic acid), a pyrophosphate analogue salt containing an epoxide functional group. Decomposition of compounds; Synthetic approaches; Recrystallization; Chemical shifts.