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One kind of wideband high-efficiency transmit-array antenna (TA) based on multiresonance multimode Huygens metasurface (HMS) is proposed. By constructing multiple poles and low $Q_{\varphi }$ element, wideband element resonance bandwidth (BW) and phase BW can be obtained simultaneously. Additionally, the HMS element library with an average phase coverage exceeding 500° is constructed, which features ultrathin and simple structure without any vias. For demonstration, one prototype of W-band TA using $20\times 20$ wideband HMS elements is designed, fabricated, and measured. The measured results indicate a peak gain of 27.89 dBi and aperture efficiency over 43% at central frequency of 80 GHz. Moreover, large 3-dB gain BW of 30.63% (73.7–98.2 GHz) and 1-dB gain BW of 11.38% (76.4–85.5 GHz) are realized, which are approximately twice the current BW of other single-resonance HMS designs. The results indicate the proposed wideband HMS-based TA a promising candidate for vehicle radar and satellite-to-Earth communication in high millimeter-wave bands.

A novel planar heterogeneous design strategy of a reflectarray antenna (RA) from the perspective of an equivalent medium is presented. A weak resonance criterion for constructing and selecting elements is proposed accordingly. Three types of weak resonance heterogeneous elements and element libraries are constructed to achieve fully continuous phase shift and low loss, which further contribute to realizing high-efficiency RA. To validate the design strategy, high-efficiency low-profile RAs using LTCC technology are designed for demonstration. The measured results indicate the heterogeneous RA achieves a maximum aperture efficiency of 46.32% and a high gain of 31.40 dBi at 140 GHz. Compared with conventional homogeneous RA, the maximum aperture efficiency is improved by 11%. The proposed high-efficiency low-profile RAs are promising candidates for short-distance communication in sub-millimeter wave and terahertz (THz) bands.

A miniaturized dual-polarized tri-band antenna based on multimode and stacked scheme is proposed for multiband aperture-shared base-station application. The proposed antenna covers the operation frequencies of 1427–1518 MHz (1st band), 1920–2180 MHz (2nd band), and 3300–3800 MHz (3rd band), corresponding to the n1 band, n50–n51 bands, and n78 band for 5G NR. Dual-mode operation is achieved by loading four split rings which are coupled to the folded dipole, thus providing the 1st and 2nd frequency bands. As to the 3rd frequency band, a high-band element is stacked above the dual-band element. The 1st and 2nd frequency bands share one feeding structure, while the 3rd frequency band is fed independently. Due to the above strategies, radiation interference is avoided, and stable broadside gains around 7 dBi with a minor fluctuation of 1.65 dB are realized within the three bands. Meanwhile, good isolation higher than 20 dB between different frequency bands is achieved within a small area of $0.14^{2}\lambda _{\mathrm {L}}^{2}$ , where $\lambda _{\mathrm {L}}$ is the wavelength at the lowest frequency of 1427 MHz. Besides, the middle-band-to-low-band (MB-LB) and high-band-to-middle-band (HB-MB) frequency ratio can be adjusted within the range of 1.27–1.61 and 1.64–2.5, respectively. These results indicate that the proposed tri-band antenna is a favorable candidate for multiband aperture-shared base-station applications.