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The electrochemical oxidation of glycerol into value-added products (in particular C3 products) offers an appealing approach for biomass valorization. Precious-metal-based catalysts are so far the only candidates that can deliver appreciable C3 selectivity. Unfortunately, they generally have strong adsorption towards key reaction intermediates, leading to product over-oxidation and catalyst poisoning. To this end, we report that single atom alloying represents a promising solution, and demonstrate that bismuth atoms dispersed on palladium nanosheets significantly promote electrochemical glycerol oxidation to C3 products. Under the optimal conditions, our catalyst exhibits an extraordinary C3 faradaic efficiency of >90%, partial current density of >150 mA cm−2 and operational stability over 30 h. All these metrics greatly surpass those of other precious-metal-based competitors reported earlier. Theoretical simulations unveil that the single atom alloying with Bi modulates the electronic structure of Pd and lowers the adsorption energies of reaction intermediates. Finally, we use glycerol oxidation as the anodic half reaction to pair with the CO2 reduction reaction as the cathodic half reaction, and achieve the simultaneous valorization of glycerol and CO2 with improved high energy efficiency and economic viability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is an appealing method for carbon utilization. Alkaline CO2 electrolyzers exhibit high CO2RR activity, low full‐cell voltages, and cost‐effectiveness. However, the issue of CO2 loss caused by (bi)carbonate formation leads to excessive energy consumption, rendering the process economically impractical. In this study, we propose a trilayer polymer electrolyte (TPE) comprising a perforated anion exchange membrane (PAEM) and a bipolar membrane (BPM) to facilitate alkaline CO2RR. This TPE enables the coexistence of high alkalinity near the catalyst surface and the H+ flux at the interface between the PAEM and the cation exchange layer (CEL) of the BPM, conditions favoring both CO2 reduction to multicarbon products and (bi)carbonate removal in KOH‐fed membrane electrode assembly (MEA) reactors. As a result, we achieve a Faradaic efficiency (FE) of approximately 46 % for C2H4, corresponding to a C2+ FE of 64 % at 260 mA cm−2, with a CO2‐to‐C2H4 single‐pass conversion (SPC) of approximately 32 % at 140 mA cm−2—nearly 1.3 times the limiting SPC in conventional AEM‐MEA electrolyzers. Furthermore, coupling CO2 reduction with formaldehyde oxidation reaction (FOR) in the TPE‐MEA electrolyzer reduces the full‐cell voltage to 2.3 V at 100 mA cm−2 without compromising the C2H4 FE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cu‐catalyzed electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) produces multi‐carbon (C2+) chemicals with considerable selectivities and activities, yet required high overpotentials impede its practical application. Here, we design interfaces with abrupt coordination number (CN) changes that greatly reduce the applied potential for achieving high C2+ Faradaic efficiency (FE). Encouraged by the mechanistic finding that the coupling between *CO and *CO(H) is the most probable C−C bond formation path, we use Cu2O‐ and Cu‐phthalocyanine‐derived Cu (OD−Cu and PD−Cu) to build the interface. Using operando X‐ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), we find that the Cu CN of OD−Cu is ~11, favoring CO* adsorption, while the PD−Cu has a COH*‐favorable CN of ~4. Operando Raman spectroscopy revealed that the interfaces with abrupt CN changes promote *OCCOH formation. As a result, the designed catalyst achieves a C2+ FE of 85±2 % at 220 mA cm−2 in a zero‐gap CO2 electrolyzer. An improvement of C2+ FE by 3 times is confirmed at the low potential regime where the current density is 60–140 mA cm−2, compared to bare OD−Cu. We report a 45‐h stable CO2RR operation at 220 mA cm−2, producing a C2+ product FE of ~80 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polymer semiconductors hold great promise for photocatalytic hydrogen production due to their diverse structures and functions. Nevertheless, their photocatalytic performances are usually compromised by rapid charge recombination. Herein, a molecular regioisomerism strategy of benzobisthiazole (BT)‐based conjugated polymers is proposed for manipulating their optoelectronic properties through varying the conjugation directions of BT units. Despite subtle structural differences, the 4,8‐subsituted sample LCP‐BT‐48 exhibits an remarkably improved charge separation capability and a sixfold increase in the photocatalytic hydrogen production rate in comparison with those of the 2,6‐subsituted counterpart. Theoretical analysis demonstrates that the superior optoelectronic property of LCP‐BT‐48 is attributed to its sp2 carbon‐conjugated skeletons and enhanced local polarization electric field between BT and neighboring π‐units. This work provides a new paradigm for regulating charge‐transfer dynamics in conjugated polymers for efficient photocatalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Backgrounds: Non‐small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is a common type of lung cancer. Prior investigations have elucidated the pivotal role of miR‐29b‐3p in restraining tumor growth and metastasis. Nonetheless, it remains to be determined whether miR‐29b‐3p can effectively suppress NSCLC progression and enhance the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to cisplatin. This investigation sought to determine the mechanism by which miR‐29b‐3p inhibited the advancement of NSCLC and mitigated resistance to cisplatin. Methods: We initially assessed miR‐29b‐3p and VEGF levels in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. Next, miR‐29b‐3p expression was elevated in NSCLC cell lines H1975 and A549 by overexpression plasmid transfection. Following this, a sequence of molecular biology experiments was conducted to evaluate the impact of miR‐29b‐3p on the biological behaviors of NSCLC cells and their resistance to cisplatin. Additionally, we predicted VEGF was a target gene of miR‐29b‐3p by bioinformatics analysis. We next employed western blot to evaluate the protein expression of Nrf2 and HO‐1 in NSCLC cells. Finally, we elucidated the effects of VEGF and Nrf2/HO‐1pathway on NSCLC progression and cisplatin resistance by in vitro assays. Results: In comparison to paracancerous tissues and human normal lung epithelial cells, the expression of miR‐29b‐3p was notably reduced and VEGF expression was clearly elevated in NSCLC tissues and cells. Moreover, miR‐29b‐3p upregulated obviously suppressed the biological activities of NSCLC cells and increased their sensitivity to cisplatin. Furthermore, in NSCLC cells, miR‐29b‐3p bound to VEGF and negatively regulate its transcription. Additionally, miR‐29b‐3p overexpression also inhibited the Nrf2/HO‐1 signaling pathway. Finally, the overexpression of VEGF and the activation of the Nrf2/HO‐1 pathway reversed miR‐29b‐3p‐mediated inhibitory effect on biological behaviors of NSCLC cells and increased the cisplatin resistance. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that miR‐29b‐3p impedes NSCLC cells' biological behaviors and augments their sensitivity to cisplatin by targeting VEGF to modulate the Nfr2/HO‐1 signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]