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In this paper, we investigate the multiple attribute decision making (MADM) problem based on the Hamacher aggregation operators and Choquet integral with dual Pythagorean hesitant fuzzy information. Then, motivated by the ideal of Hamacher operation and Choquet integral, we have developed some Hamacher correlated operators for aggregating dual hesitant Pythagorean fuzzy information. The prominent characteristic of these proposed operators is studied. Then, we have utilized these two operators to develop some approaches to solve the dual hesitant Pythagorean fuzzy MADM problems. Finally, a practical example for supplier selection in supply chain management is given to verify the developed approach and to demonstrate its practicality and effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two novel 1D Cd(II) energetic MOFs [Cd(NH 2 NH 2 )(AFT) 2 ·0.7H 2 O] n ( 1 ) and [Cd(ODH) 1.5 (AFT) 2 ·5H 2 O] n ( 2 ), combining the advantages of tetrazole-ring and furazan-ring, were successfully synthesized based on 2D energetic MOF [Cd(H 2 O) 2 (AFT) 2 ] n ( 3 , AFT = 4-amino-3-(5-tetrazolate)-furazan, ODH NH 2 NHCOCONHNH 2 oxalyl-dihydrazide). The crystal structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and fully characterized by elemental analysis and FT-IR spectroscopy. The thermal stability and impact sensitivity were also investigated. For 1 , 1D energetic MOF had an outstanding thermal stability ( T p > 300 °C) and insensitivity (IS > 24.5 J). In addition, the non-isothermal kinetics parameters, critical temperature of thermal explosion, entropy of activation, enthalpy of activation and free energy of activation were discussed in detail. For 2 , it was revealed that the each Cd(II) cation is located in a unique hepta-coordination environment. Noticeably, tetrazole-ring of AFT group presents typical monodentate coordination mode, and ODH molecule presents typical tridentate and tetradentate coordination modes, featuring a one-dimensional chain structure. Therefore, the reasonable assembly strategy plays a decisive role in energetic properties of MOF-based energetic materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High contents of curcusones A andB and trace amounts of spirocurcasoneexist in the roots of Jatropha curcas. Here, a one-step semisynthesis method of spirocurcasoneand pyracurcasone was built, not only resulted an increasedyield of spirocurcasone but also produced pyracurcasone,which exhibited greater cytotoxicity compared to curcusones A andB. The plausible mechanism of the formation of pyracurcasonewas proposed, and the proposed biogenetic origin for spirocurcasoneby Taglialatela-Scafati was confirmed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: An unusual 9,11-seco limonoid, toonasecone A (1), had been isolated from the bark of Toona ciliata. The structure was elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic data analysis. This is the first time the 9,11-seco limonoid has been isolated from the Meliaceae family. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Spirocurcasone (II) and pyracurcasone (III) are prepared stereospecifically in one step from available curcusone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A subject index for a 2014 issue of the journal "ChemInform" is presented.

Purpose: Clinical studies found that regular aerobic exercise has analgesic and antianxiety effects; however, the underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear. Multiple studies have suggested that regular aerobic exercise may exert brain-protective effects by promoting the release of serotonin, which may be a pain modulator. Anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is a key brain area for pain information processing, receiving dense serotonergic innervation. As a result, we hypothesized that exercise may increase the release of serotonin in the ACC, thus improving pain and anxiety behaviors. Methods: Integrative methods were used, including behavioral, electrophysiological, pharmacological, biochemical, and genetic approaches, to explore the effects of regular aerobic exercise and the underlying neural mechanisms. Results: Regular aerobic exercise in the form of voluntary wheel running for 30 min daily for 15 d showed significant effectiveness in relieving pain and concomitant anxiety in complete Freund's adjuvant–induced chronic inflammation pain models. c-Fos staining and multielectrode array recordings revealed alterations in neuronal activities and synaptic plasticity in the ACC. Moreover, systemic pharmacological treatment with 4-chloro- dl -phenylalanine (PCPA) to deplete endogenous serotonin and local delivery of serotonin to the ACC revealed that exercise-related serotonin release in the ACC bidirectionally modulates pain sensitization and anxiety behaviors by modulating synaptic plasticity in the ACC. Furthermore, we found that 5-HT1A and 5-HT7 receptors mediated the serotonin modulation effects under conditions of regular aerobic exercise through local infusion of a selective antagonist and shRNA in the ACC. Conclusions: Our results reveal that regular aerobic exercise can increase serotonin release and modulate synaptic plasticity in the ACC, ultimately improving pain and concomitant anxiety behaviors through the functions of the 5-HT1A and 5-HT7 receptors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: [•] Nineteen diterpenoids were identified, of which 12 were previously unknown. [•] Curcusecons A–E have unusual secorhamnofolane skeletons. [•] Among the isolates, seven compounds had cytotoxic activity. [•] The dienone system in ring B is essential for cytotoxic activity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The precise prediction of the driving force has significant meaning in preventing blockage accidents in oil and gas pipeline pigging engineering. In this paper, a novel prediction model is established for the typical bidirectional pig with the method of combing a theoretical model and finite-element (FE) simulations. The three-dimensional (3D) FE model of the pigging operation is established first, which is verified with a custom-built experiment from the literature. Then, friction characteristics such as deformation and contact area are analyzed based on the established model. The flexural-cantilever model and creep-Kelvin model are used to describe the bending and compression deformation, respectively, and a mechanical model, named the cantilever-Kelvin combination model, for presenting the stress state of the sealing disk, is built according to the simulation results. Finally, a prediction model of the driving force is established based on the cantilever-Kelvin combination model. The research results indicate that the bending deformation and contact area have a similar variation trend as the interference under different friction coefficients. A series of case analyses are conducted to verify the accuracy of the established prediction model, which is proven to satisfy the arbitrary interference and friction coefficient conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solenopsis invicta is a main issue in southern China and is causing significant damage to the local ecological environment. The extensive use of insecticides has resulted in the development of tolerance in S. invicta. In our study, ten S. invicta colonies from Sichuan Province exhibited varying degrees of tolerance against flonicamid, with LC 50 values from 0.49 mg/L to 8.54 mg/L. The sensitivity of S. invicta to flonicamid significantly increased after treatment with the P450 enzyme inhibitor piperonyl butoxide (PBO). Additionally, the activity of P450 in S. invicta was significantly enhanced after being treated with flonicamid. Flonicamid induced the expression levels of CYP4aa1 , CYP9e2 , CYP4C1 , and CYP6A14. The expression levels of these P450 genes were significantly higher in the tolerant colonies compared to the sensitive colonies, and the relative copy numbers of CYP6A14 in the tolerant colonies were 2.01–2.15 fold. RNAi feeding treatment effectively inhibited the expression of P450 genes, thereby reducing the tolerance of S. invicta against flonicamid. In addition, the overexpression of CYP6A14 in D. melanogaster resulted in reduced sensitivity to flonicamid. Our investigations revealed hydrophobic interactions between flonicamid and seven amino acid residues of CYP6A14, along with the formation of a hydrogen bond between Glu306 and flonicamid. Our findings suggest that flonicamid can effectively control S. invicta and P450 plays a pivotal role in the tolerance of S. invicta against flonicamid. The overexpression of CYP6A14 also increased tolerance to flonicamid. [Display omitted] • Differences in tolerance among S.invicta colonies to flonicamid was demonstrated. • Higher expression levels of P450 genes were shown in the flonicamid tolerant colony. • RNAi treatment of P450 genes reduces the tolerance of S. invicta to flonicamid. • Overexpression of CYP6A14 in D. melanogaster boosts its tolerance to flonicamid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three novel norfriedelanes, A–C (1–3), were isolated from the branches and roots of Malpighia emarginata. Their structures and absolute configurations were determined by 1D and 2D NMR techniques and X-ray crystallographic analysis. Norfriedelin A (possessing an α-oxo-β-lactone group) and norfriedelin B (with a keto-lactone group) showed acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effects with the IC50values of 10.3 and 28.7 μM, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Musculoskeletal pain (MSP) is one of the most severe complaints in women undergoing menopause. The prevalence of MSP varied when taking the menopausal state and age factor into consideration. This study investigated the prevalence of MSP in perimenopausal women and its association with menopausal state. The MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and PubMed databases were searched from inception to July 2020, and 16 studies were retrieved for the current meta-analysis. The primary outcome measure was the MSP Odds Ratio (OR). The estimated overall prevalence of MSP among perimenopausal women was 71% (4144 out of 5836, 95% confidence interval (CI): 64%-78%). Perimenopausal women demonstrated a higher risk for MSP than premenopausal ones (OR: 1.63, 95% CI: 1.35-1.96, P = 0.008 , I 2 = 59.7 %), but similar to that in postmenopausal ones (OR: 1.07, 95% CI: 0.95–1.20, P = 0.316 , I 2 = 13.4 %). The postmenopausal women were at a higher risk of moderate/severe MSP than the premenopausal ones (OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.21-1.75, P = 0.302 , I 2 = 16.5 %) or the perimenopausal ones (OR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.09–1.79, P = 0.106 , I 2 = 55.4 %). In conclusion, the perimenopause is a state during which women are particularly predisposed to develop MSP. As to moderate to severe degrees of MSP, the odds increase linearly with age, from premenopause to peri- and then to postmenopause. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel fluorescent chemosensor has been synthesized and shows interesting fluorescent ON−OFF−ON processes through mediating its twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) state. An exclusively fluorescent enhancement is observed for Mg 2+. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]