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Background The interRAI Home Care (interRAI HC) is a commonly used international assessment tool, which plays an important role in guiding medical staff to provide home-based care service for the elderly. However, there is a lack of systematic analysis on the use of this tool. Objective To summarize the hot spots of the international researches on the application of interRAI HC, so as to provide a reference for its application in the home-based care of community-dwelling older adults and future research in China. Methods On October 2022, PubMed was searched for literature related to interRAI HC application from inception to 2022-10-01. BICOMB 2.0 software was used to extract information such as the year and journal of publication, country of the first author, and subject terms to generate lexical matrix and co-occurrence matrix of high-frequency subject terms. gCLUTO 1.0 software was used for biclustering analysis of lexical matrix and strategic diagram graph was plotted. Results A total of 301 related papers were retrieved, which were mainly published in British and American academic journals with a fluctuating upward trend of annual publication. A total of 292 major subject terms were extracted and 28 high-frequency subject terms were identified by BICOMB 2.0 software, resulting in four clustering results, including health risk assessment, quality of care monitoring, psychological condition assessment and comprehensive geriatric assessment. Conclusion InterRAI HC plays an important role in health risk assessment, quality of care monitoring, psychological condition assessment of older adults and caregivers, and comprehensive geriatric assessment. The application of interRAI HC is still in the exploratory stage in China, and researchers can promote the development of home-based care of community-dwelling older adults in China on the basis of foreign experiences.

To explore the correlation between the activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) and procalcitonin (PCT) expressions combined with RET mutation and the pathological staging and clinical prognosis of sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma (SMTC). Fifty cases (tumor tissue) of SMTC diagnosed by clinicopathology were collected and the patients with nodular goiter were selected as normal control. The RET mutation site was analyzed by detection kit and expressions of PCT and ATF4 in SMTC were analyzed by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the correlation of risk factors (PCT or ATF4 expression, RET mutation, tumor differentiation, SMTC stage, lymphatic metastasis) for 5-year recurrence and survival of SMTC. The ATF4 and PCT expressions were significantly decreased and increased, respectively, with the increase of the SMTC stage. The most frequent mutation of RET gene in cancer tissue was M 22458A in exon 16. The ATF4 and PCT expressions, as well as RET mutation, were significantly associated with a 5-year recurrence, while the ATF4 expression was significantly related to better 5-year survival. ATF4 and PCT expressions combined with RET mutation are related to the clinical prognosis of SMTC and can predict SMTC staging. Key words: medullary thyroid carcinoma, ATF4, PCT, RET mutation, recurrence, survival. Cette etude portait sur le lien entre l'expression d'ATF4 et de PCT combinees a la mutation de RET avec la stadification pathologique et le pronostic clinique du cancer medullaire de la thyroide sporadique (CMTS). Nous avons recueilli 50 cas (tissu tumoral) de CMTS diagnostique de maniere clinicopathologique et selectionne des patients atteints de goitre nodulaire en tant que temoins normaux. Nous avons etudie le site de mutation de RET a l'aide d'un kit de detection et l'expression de PCT et d'ATF4 dans le CMTS a l'aide de l'immunobuvardage de Western et de l'immunohistochimie. A l'aide de regressions lineaires multiples, nous avons etudie le lien entre des facteurs de risque (expression de PCT ou d'ATF4, mutation de RET, differentiation tumorale, stade du CMTS, metastases lymphatiques) et la recidive et la survie a 5 ans pour les CMTS. L'expression d'ATF4 et de PCT presentaient respectivement une diminution et une augmentation notables avec la hausse du stade du CMTS. La mutation du gene RET la plus frequente dans le tissu tumoral etait M 22458A dans l'exon 16. L'expression d'ATF4 et de PCT de meme que les mutations de RET etaient associees de facon notable avec la recidive a 5 ans, tandis que l'expression d'ATF4 etait liee de facon marquee a une meilleure survie a 5 ans. En conclusion, l'expression d'ATF4 et de PCT associees a une mutation de RET sont liees au pronostic clinique du CMTS et peuvent permettre de prevoir le stade du CMTS. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-des: cancer medullaire de la thyroide, ATF4, PCT, mutation de RET, recidive, survie., Introduction Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a common clinical malignant tumor in the endocrine system, which originates from parafollicular cells of the thyroid (also known as C cell) (Daniels 2018). [...]

In this study, the performance of 24 Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) models in simulating the dynamic processes of Arctic sea ice concentration (SIC)‐ and El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO)‐ forced teleconnection during winter is subjectively and objectively evaluated. The Arctic SIC‐forced teleconnection is associated with a warm Arctic‐cold Eurasian pattern of surface temperature (T2m), a low Arctic‐high Eurasian pattern of sea level pressure (SLP), and a southeastward propagating wave‐train originating from Arctic in the upper troposphere. The ENSO‐forced teleconnection is associated with a poleward propagating wave‐train originating from tropical Pacific in the upper troposphere, a low North Pacific‐high Arctic pattern of SLP, and a cold North Pacific‐warm Greenland pattern of T2m. The metrics of Taylor skill scores and Distance between indices of simulation and observation (DISO) are used to objectively and quantitatively evaluate the performance of models. The results of subjective and objective evaluation are essentially consistent. The CanESM5, MPI‐ESM1‐2‐HR, EC‐Earth3, and MRI‐ESM2‐0 models have the best performance in simulating the Arctic SIC‐forced teleconnection. The CESM2, ACCESS‐CM2, NESM3, NorESM2‐MM, CAS‐ESM2‐0, MRI‐ESM2‐0 models have the best performance in simulating the ENSO‐forced teleconnection. The two best‐performing multi‐model ensembles well reproduce the dynamic processes of the Arctic SIC‐ and ENSO‐ forced teleconnection. The diversity of model performance is attributed to the different skills of different models in simulating the interannual variability of Arctic SIC, the anomalous deep warm high over the Barents‐Kara Seas, the interannual variability of tropical Pacific SSTs, and the wave number of poleward propagating Rossby waves. Plain Language Summary: The connection between Arctic and tropical climates has an important influence on the climate in Northern Hemisphere. The Arctic sea ice‐driven teleconnection may induce increased cold surges toward the low latitude regions of East Asia, while the El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO)‐driven teleconnection may induce increased temperatures over northern North America and Greenland. The Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) models consists of state‐of‐the‐art numerical models that are widely used in climate simulation and prediction. Hence, it is important to understand the performance of these models in simulating the dynamic processes of Arctic‐tropical climate connection and the potential reasons. In this study, the dynamic processes in ocean‐atmosphere associated with the Arctic sea ice‐ and ENSO‐ driven teleconnection are first analyzed using observed/re‐analysis data. The performance of 24 CMIP6 models in simulating the dynamic processes of Arctic sea ice‐ and ENSO‐ driven teleconnection is then subjectively and objectively evaluated. The results indicate a diversity of performance in these models. This diversity are mainly caused by the different skills of models in simulating the interannual variability of SIC and ENSO as well as the associated atmospheric circulation anomalies. Key Points: The performance of CMIP6 models has a diversity in simulating the dynamic processes of Arctic‐tropical climate connectionBest‐performing multi‐model ensembles with good skill in simulating dynamic processes of Arctic‐tropical climate connection are selectedThe diversity in performance of models are affected by the skill of models in simulating the interannual variability sea ice and SSTs [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This multicenter prospective cohort study (registration no. ChiCTR2000032089) aimed to investigate the relationship between saliva and plasma levetiracetam concentrations to determine whether saliva could be used for routine monitoring of levetiracetam during pregnancy. Methods: The slot concentrations of levetiracetam in simultaneously obtained saliva and plasma samples were measured using UPLC–MS/MS. The correlations between saliva and plasma levetiracetam concentrations and the dose‐normalized concentrations were compared among pregnant women in different stages and nonpregnant control participants with epilepsy. Results: In total, 231 patients with 407 plasma and saliva sample pairs were enrolled from 39 centers. Linear relationships between salivary and plasma levetiracetam concentrations were reported in the enrolled population (r = 0.898, p < 0.001), including pregnant (r = 0.935, p < 0.001) and nonpregnant participants (r = 0.882, p < 0.001). Plasma concentrations were moderately higher than saliva concentrations, with ratios of saliva to plasma concentrations of 0.98 for nonpregnant women, 0.98, 1, and 1.12 for pregnant women during the first trimester, the second trimester, the and third trimester, respectively. The effective range of saliva levetiracetam concentration was found to be 9.98 μg/mL (lower limit) with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.937 (95% confidence intervals, 0.915–0.959), sensitivity of 88.9%, specificity of 86.8%, and p < 0.001, to 24.05 μg/mL (upper limit) with an AUC of 0.952 (0.914–0.99), sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 92.3%, and p = 0.007. Conclusion: The saliva/plasma concentration ratio of levetiracetam remains constant during pregnancy and is similar to that in non‐pregnant individuals. Monitoring levetiracetam concentration in saliva during pregnancy should be widely promoted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the dynamic response of a single pile foundation under combined action of wind and wave loads in the marine environment, a three-dimensional unidirectional coupling numerical model of wind wave-seabed-single pile is established. The Reynolds average N-S equation and the Biot dynamic equation are used to control the wave motion and seabed response respectively. Based on the verification of the rationality of the model, the influence of wind and wave parameters (such as wind speed, wind shear coefficient, and wave height) on the response of fluid and pile foundation under combined action of wind and wave loads are explored. The results show that the increase of wind speed, wind shear coefficient, and wave height will aggravate the fluid deformation around the pile, accelerate the wave propagation, and then affect the horizontal displacement and bending moment of the pile. Therefore, when calculating the bearing capacity of offshore pile foundations, the combined effect of wind and wave loads on the pile foundation should be considered comprehensively. The results will provide an important theoretical basis for the study of the bearing performance of pile foundations in harsh marine environments.

Bacillus velezensis is well known as a plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and biocontrol agent. Nevertheless, there are very few reports on the study of B. velezensis on tomato early blight, especially the biocontrol effects among different inoculation concentrations. In this study, an IAA-producing strain, Bacillus velezensis YXDHD1-7 was isolated from the tomato rhizosphere soil, which had the strongest inhibitory effect against Alternaria solani. Inoculation with bacterial suspensions of this strain promoted the growth of tomato seedlings effectively. Furthermore, inoculations at 106, 107, and 108 cfu/mL resulted in control efficacies of 100%, 83.15%, and 69.90%, respectively. Genome sequencing showed that it possesses 22 gene clusters associated with the synthesis of antimicrobial metabolites and genes that are involved in the production of IAA. Furthermore, it may be able to produce spermidine and volatile compounds that also enhance plant growth and defense responses. Our results suggest that strain YXDHD1-7 prevents early blight disease by promoting growth and enhancing the defense enzyme activities in tomato plants. This strain is a promising candidate for an excellent microbial inoculant that can be used to enhance tomato production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although levetiracetam (LEV) has favorable linear pharmacokinetic properties, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is necessary for pregnant women with epilepsy. This study aims to build a simple, reliable, and sensitive ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) method for determining LEV concentrations in plasma and saliva samples, to support the routine TDM of LEV in Chinese pregnant women with epilepsy. The stable isotope‐labeled LEV‐d6 was used as the internal standard. The extracted samples were analyzed using a UPLC–MS/MS system with positive electrospray ionization. Mobile phase A was water containing 5 mM ammonium acetate and 0.1% formic acid, and phase B was 1:1 methanol–acetonitrile with 0.1% formic acid. The method was validated and utilized to determine LEV concentrations in non‐pregnant and pregnant patients with epilepsy. The developed method was validated in both plasma and saliva samples over a concentration range of 0.1–50 μg/mL. The intra‐ and inter‐batch accuracy for LEV ranged from −7.0% to 2.9%, with precisions between 2.7% and 9.3%. In pregnant patients, the mean dose‐standardized LEV trough plasma concentrations were significantly lower than those in non‐pregnant patients (4.73 ± 2.99 vs. 7.74 ± 3.59 ng/mL per mg/day; P < 0.0001). It is recommended that the TDM of LEV should be routinely performed during the different stages of pregnancy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the pathogenic roles of Sp1/NCX1 pathway in acute pancreatitis (AP) induced by caerulein. Methods Pancreatic acinar AR42J cells were stimulated with caerulein to establish a cell model of AP. CCK8 assay was used to evaluate the cell proliferation at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h after caerulein treatment, and the expression of LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ, the classic autophagy markers, were detected using Western blotting at 3, 6, 12, and 24 h after the treatment. qRT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the cellular expression of Sp1 at both the mRNA and protein levels at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h. In a rat model of caerulein-induced AP, immunohistochemistry was used to observe the expression of Sp1 in the pancreas. The effect of Mithramycin A, an inhibitor of Sp1, on the expression of NCX1 protein in AR42J cells was tested using Western blotting. Results Caerulein significantly inhibited the proliferation and promoted the ratio of LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ in AR42J cells. Caerulein also significantly enhanced the mRNA and protein levels of Sp1 in AR42J cells (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical staining showed that intraperitoneal injection of cearulein obviously up-regulated the expression level of Sp1 protein in the pancreas of rats. In AR42J cells, inhibition of Sp1 expression with Mithramycin A significantly suppressed the expression of NCX1 protein. Conclusion Sp1 plays a facilitating role in the development of caerulein-induced AP by up-regulating the expression of NCX1.