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The current traditional phenol production process has many shortcomings, and the efficient and clean photocatalytic one-step oxidation to phenol is gradually attracting attention. Heteropolyacids (PMo10V2) with high-density Lewis acid active sites and excellent photoelectron transfer ability are ideal choices for catalytic reactions. In this study, a copper-modified isolated dimeric hybrid nanocluster, [Cu(pyim)2]2[Cu(pyim)2(P2Mo VI20 Mo V2 V IV4 O82)]2·(H2O) (pyim = [2-(pyridin-2-yl)imidazole]), was synthesized by a convenient hydrothermal method. The structural analysis demonstrated that the compound was composed of metal–organic complexes containing pyim ligands, Keggin-type heteropolyacids, and transition metal copper ions. Remarkably, this not only solves the difficulty that the heteropolymeric acid cannot be recovered by dissolving in the solvent but also introduces the copper atom as a second active center. The catalyst exhibited a benzene conversion of 15.6% and a selectivity of 85.2% in a mixed solution of acetonitrile and acetic acid under optimal reaction conditions. After four catalytic cycles, the PXRD pattern proved that the catalyst was still stable. This study provides a good idea for photocatalytic reactions and other environmental applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The anionic template method is an effective strategy for synthesizing high-nuclearity transition-lanthanide (3d–4f) heterometallic clusters. Herein, two lanthanide clusters with formulas [Gd20Ni21(μ3-OH)21(CO3)6(IDA)21(C2H4NO2)6(C2O4)3(MoO4)1.5(μ2-OH)1.5(H2O)9]Cl10.5·79H2O (1) and [Tb20Ni21(μ3-OH)21(CO3)6(IDA)21(C2H4NO2)6(C2O4)3(MoO4)(μ2-OH)2(H2O)10]Cl11·32H2O (2) were synthesized by introducing MoO42− anions as templates. Structural analysis indicates that compounds 1 and 2 are isomorphic, featuring a fascinating triangular-shaped metal framework. Magnetic property investigations illuminate the fact that compound 1 exhibits a large −ΔSm of 37.83 J kg−1 K−1 at 3 K for ΔH = 7 T. In particular, it is worth mentioning that compound 1 has an excellent low-field magnetic entropy (−ΔSm = 23.85 J kg−1 K−1 at 2 K, 2 T). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two polyoxometalate (POM)-based hybrid compounds have been successfully designed and constructed by the hydrothermal method with molecular formulas [K(H2O)2Fe II0.33 Co0.67(H2O)2(DAPSC)]2{[Fe II0.33 Co0.67(H2O)(DAPSC)]2[Fe II0.33 Co0.67(H2O)4]2[Na2Fe III4 P4W32O120]}·21.5H2O (1), and [Na(H2O)2Fe II0.33 Mn0.67(H2O)2(DAPSC)]2{[Fe II0.33 Mn0.67(H2O)(DAPSC)]2[Fe II0.33 Mn0.67(H2O)4]2[Na2Fe III4 P4W32O120(H2O)2]}·24H2O (2) (DAPSC = 2,6-diacetylpyridine bis-(semicarbazone)), respectively. Structural analysis revealed that 1 and 2 consisted of metal–organic complexes containing DAPSC ligands with dumbbell-type inorganic clusters, iron–cobalt (iron–manganese) and some other ions. By utilizing a combination of strongly reducing {P2W12} units and bimetal-doped centres the CO2 photoreduction catalytic capacity of 1 and 2 was improved. Notably, the photocatalytic performance of 1 was much better than that of 2. In CO2 photoreduction, 1 exhibited CO selectivity as high as 90.8%. Furthermore, for 1, the CO generation rate reached 6885.1 μmol g−1 h−1 at 8 h with 3 mg, and its better photocatalytic performance was presumably due to the introduction of cobalt and iron elements to give 1 a more appropriate energy band structure. Further recycling experiments indicated that 1 was a highly efficient CO2 photoreduction catalyst, which could still possess catalytic activity after several cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the curative effect and safety of the treatment on hematospermia through washing of ureteroscope cathetering via urethra. Methods 43 patients were treated with retrograde intubation via urethra under ureteroscope, seminal vesiculography under X ray of C-type arm, and washing and drainage of seminal vesicle indwelling catheter. Results The symptoms of 43 patients with repeated macroscopic hematospermia caused by seminal vesiculitis were improved in different degrees. Besides, there was no serious complication, such as rectal injury, urethral injury, severe infection, etc. Among them, 7 patients suffered relapse and were cured after secondary operation. The follow-up visit had been done in all cases for 6 to 65 months, and no complication occurred. Conclusion It is safe and effective to cure the hematospermia through the washing and drainage via retrograde intubation under ureteroscope. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of plasmakinetic resectoscope in the treatment of urethrostenosis complicated with bladder stones. Methods Urethrostenosis was explored by F26 plasmakinetic resectoscope under direct vision in the state of combined spinal-epidural anesthesia ( CSEA). An F3 ureteral catheter or a Zebra urologic guidewire was placed in the bladder via the stricture of the urethra. Patients with severe urethrostenosis were appropriately guided by injection of methylene blue through cystostomy or insertion of a cystoscope with lamphouse and a metal divulsor into the stricture. An incision was then made in cicatrices of the stricture by a cylindrical electrode (PLASMA-CISETM & PLASMA-CUTTM) via the operating sheath channel, followed by plasmakinetic resection of the cicatrices with a resectoscope loop till the resectoscope reached the bladder, and finally the pneumatic lithotripsy through the same channel. The broken stones were flushed out with ELLICK, and a Foley catheter was indwelt for two to six weeks. Regular urethral extensions were performed following Foley catheter removal. Results Urination was markedly improved in all patients following Foley catheter removal compared with pretreatment. Urination was smooth during postoperative urethral extensions without complications. Conclusion Plasmakinetic resectoscope is advantageous in the treatment of urethrostenosis complicated with bladder stones, and it is safe and effective and deserves clinical generalization . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the operation points of the steps of "front -type" hypospadias operation in oral mucosa urethroplasty and scrubbed shaped urethra with meat membrane covering. Methods After correction of chordee of penis of 40 patients with "Front -type" hypospadias, oral mucosa was transplanted and fixed on albuginea surface at the one-third of ventral penile for all the patients to increase the width of the urethra and form the urethra with the selected appropriate size ureter. The skin of dorsal penile was transferred to ventral penile. After clearing the pedicled skin flap, the subcutaneous layer of meat was kept down, and stamped wholly on forming place of urethral reel (including both sides inferior of cut-off cavernous body of glans penis), forming the glans again. Results There was no ankylo-urethria among the 40 "front -type" hypospadias operation, ureteroscopy examination after two months of the operation showed that "all the transplanted oral mucosa survived", and the stamped subcutaneous layer of meat located at both sides inferior of cut-off cavernous body of glans penis adhered with satisfaction, no glans incision dehiscence, there occurred 2 cases of urinary fistula which had been cured by neoplasty, there was 1 case of transferred flap necrosis which had been cured after dressing change. 40 patients were satisfied with penis appearance after operation. Conclusion Following up the operation points of "front-type" hyospadias operation, the success rate of operation can be improverd obviously, the plastic effect is good, and the complications after operation can be reduced, stamped wholly on formed urethra. There is a small probability of incidence of urethral stenosis and urinary fistula after operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The anionic template method is an effective strategy for synthesizing high-nuclearity transition-lanthanide (3d-4f) heterometallic clusters. Herein, two lanthanide clusters with formulas [Gd 20 Ni 21 (μ 3 -OH) 21 (CO 3 ) 6 (IDA) 21 (C 2 H 4 NO 2 ) 6 (C 2 O 4 ) 3 (MoO 4 ) 1.5 (μ 2 -OH) 1.5 (H 2 O) 9 ]Cl 10.5 ·79H 2 O (1) and [Tb 20 Ni 21 (μ 3 -OH) 21 (CO 3 ) 6 (IDA) 21 (C 2 H 4 NO 2 ) 6 (C 2 O 4 ) 3 (MoO 4 )(μ 2 -OH) 2 (H 2 O) 10 ]Cl 11 ·32H 2 O (2) were synthesized by introducing MoO 4 2- anions as templates. Structural analysis indicates that compounds 1 and 2 are isomorphic, featuring a fascinating triangular-shaped metal framework. Magnetic property investigations illuminate the fact that compound 1 exhibits a large -Δ S m of 37.83 J kg -1 K -1 at 3 K for Δ H = 7 T. In particular, it is worth mentioning that compound 1 has an excellent low-field magnetic entropy (-Δ S m = 23.85 J kg -1 K -1 at 2 K, 2 T).

Two polyoxometalate (POM)-based hybrid compounds have been successfully designed and constructed by the hydrothermal method with molecular formulas [K(H 2 O) 2 FeII0.33Co 0.67 (H 2 O) 2 (DAPSC)] 2 {[FeII0.33Co 0.67 (H 2 O)(DAPSC)] 2 [FeII0.33Co 0.67 (H 2 O) 4 ] 2 [Na 2 FeIII4P 4 W 32 O 120 ]}·21.5H 2 O (1), and [Na(H 2 O) 2 FeII0.33Mn 0.67 (H 2 O) 2 (DAPSC)] 2 {[FeII0.33Mn 0.67 (H 2 O)(DAPSC)] 2 [FeII0.33Mn 0.67 (H 2 O) 4 ] 2 [Na 2 FeIII4P 4 W 32 O 120 (H 2 O) 2 ]}·24H 2 O (2) (DAPSC = 2,6-diacetylpyridine bis-(semicarbazone)), respectively. Structural analysis revealed that 1 and 2 consisted of metal-organic complexes containing DAPSC ligands with dumbbell-type inorganic clusters, iron-cobalt (iron-manganese) and some other ions. By utilizing a combination of strongly reducing {P 2 W 12 } units and bimetal-doped centres the CO 2 photoreduction catalytic capacity of 1 and 2 was improved. Notably, the photocatalytic performance of 1 was much better than that of 2. In CO 2 photoreduction, 1 exhibited CO selectivity as high as 90.8%. Furthermore, for 1, the CO generation rate reached 6885.1 μmol g -1 h -1 at 8 h with 3 mg, and its better photocatalytic performance was presumably due to the introduction of cobalt and iron elements to give 1 a more appropriate energy band structure. Further recycling experiments indicated that 1 was a highly efficient CO 2 photoreduction catalyst, which could still possess catalytic activity after several cycles.

Objective: To determine the presence of vasculogenic mimicry (VM) and expression of Sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1) and Connexin43 (Cx43) in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues, and to identify their inter-relationships and associations with multiple pathologic parameters., Methods: Ninety-two CRC specimens and normal pericarcinoma tissues were analyzed for expression of SphK1 and Cx43 using immunohistochemistry, and for identification of VM using CD34-periodic acid-Schiff dual staining., Results: The positive rate of SphK1 expression was greater in CRC cells than pericarcinoma cells (85.87% vs. 33.70%, P < 0.05). In contrast, the positive rate of Cx43 expression was greater in pericarcinoma cells than in CRC cells (58.70% vs. 92.39%, P < 0.05). Analysis of CRC tissues indicated that expression of SphK1 was associated with poor differentiation, advanced tumor stage, lymph node metastasis, and the presence of VM ( P < 0.05 for each comparison). Expression of Cx43 was associated with high differentiation and the presence of VM ( P < 0.05 for each comparison). Patient sex, age, tumor size, depth of invasion, and distant metastasis were unrelated to the expression of either protein. There was a significant correlation between the expression of SphK1 and Cx43 ( P < 0.05). Analysis of overall patient survival indicated that SphK1 positivity and the presence of VM were significantly associated with poor survival, but Cx43 positivity had no relationship with survival., Conclusion: SphK1 protein expression was significantly greater in CRC tissues than pericarcinoma tissues, suggesting this protein may be associated with the pathogenesis of CRC. In addition, the significant correlation between expression of SphK1 and Cx43 in CRC tissues suggests their interaction may impact the pathogenesis of CRC., Competing Interests: None., (IJCEP Copyright © 2018.)

This study mainly analyzed the parameters such as ascending branch slope (A&#95;slope), dicrotic notch height (Hn), diastolic area (Ad) and systolic area (As) diastolic blood pressure (DBP), systolic blood pressure (SBP), pulse pressure (PP), subendocardial viability ratio (SEVR), waveform parameter (k), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO) and peripheral resistance (RS) of central pulse wave invasively and non-invasively measured. These parameters extracted from the central pulse wave invasively measured were compared with the parameters measured from the brachial pulse waves by a regression model and a transfer function model. The accuracy of the parameters which were estimated by the regression model and the transfer function model was compared too. Our findings showed that in addition to the k value, the above parameters of the central pulse wave and the brachial pulse wave invasively measured had positive correlation. Both the regression model parameters including A&#95;slope, DBP, SEVR and the transfer function model parameters had good consistency with the parameters invasively measured, and they had the same effect of consistency. The regression equations of the three parameters were expressed by Y'=a+bx. The SBP, PP, SV, CO of central pulse wave could be calculated through the regression model, but their accuracies were worse than that of transfer function model.

Here, we used reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and western blot to detect protease-activated receptor (PAR) 1, PAR 2 and PAR 4 expression in cancer tissues and cell lines of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and investigated the co-relationship between PAR expression and clinic-pathological data for esophageal cancer. The methylation of PAR4 gene promoter involved in esophageal carcinoma was also analyzed. By comparing the mRNA expressions of normal esophageal tissue and human esophageal epithelial cells (HEEpiC), we found that among the 28 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, PAR1 (60%) and PAR2 (71%) were elevated in 17 and 20 cases, respectively, and PAR4 (68%) expression was lowered in 19 cases. Whereas, in human esophageal squamous cells (TE-1 and TE-10), PAR1 and PAR2 expression was increased but PAR4 was decreased. Combined with clinical data, the expression of PAR1 in poorly differentiated (P=0.016) and middle and lower parts of the esophagus (P=0.016) was higher; expression of PAR4 in poorly differentiated carcinoma was lower (P=0.049). Regarding TE-1 and TE-10 protein expression, we found that in randomized esophageal carcinoma, PAR1 (P=0.027) and PAR2 (P=0.039) expressions were increased, but lowered for PAR4 (P=0.0001). In HEEpiC, TE-1, TE-10, esophageal and normal esophagus tissue samples (case No. 7), the frequency of methylation at the 19 CpG loci of PAR4 was 35.4%, 95.2%, 83.8%, 62.6% and 48.2%, respectively. Our results indicate that the expression of PAR1 and PAR2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is increased but PAR4 is decreased. Hypermethylation of the promoter of the PAR4 gene may contribute to reduced expression of PAR4 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of all lung cancer. With a variety of biological functions, Prohibitin1 (PHB1) has been proved tumor-associated. But there are conflicting data regarding the involvement of PHB1 in tumorigenesis and few studies regarding the role of PHB1 in lung cancer. The studies reported herein used a combination of clinical observations and molecular methods to investigate the possible role of PHB1 in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. PHB1 expression was evaluated by RT-PCR, RT-qPCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry analysis. Flow cytometric analysis was used to determine the surface expression profiles of PHB1 in lung cell lines. The results showed that PHB1 expression were generally increased in lung cancer tissues when compared with matched noncancerous tissues and closely related with tumor differentiation and lymph node invasion. PHB1 expression levels was also increased in three lung cancer cell lines (SK-MES-1, NCI-H157 and NCI-H292) as compared with BEAS-2B cells. Moreover, there were various subcellular localization of PHB1 in different lung cancer cells and the presence of PHB1 on the surface of lung cancer cells was significantly reduced. In conclusion, PHB1 expression is increased in NSCLC and the up-regulation of PHB1 is associated with clinically aggressive phenotype. The different subcellular localization of PHB1 in NSCLC cells and the loss of the membrane-associated PHB1 probably related to the tumorigenesis and progression of NSCLC and suggests that PHB1 may play different roles in various types of NSCLC.

To investigate the potential protective effects of the snake venom antimicrobial peptide OH-CATH, we used a series of rabbit urinary tract infection models successfully induced by cephalosporin-resistant E.coli and E. coli ATCC 25922. The experimental models were administered saline, snake venom antimicrobial peptide OH-CATH, Cefoperazone and Sulbactam through the urethra. Urine was collected on days 1, 5, 10 and 14 after model establishment and urine culture was done to check the infection in each experimental animals. On day 14, all the animals were sacrificed and the bladder tissue specimens were taken for observation by H-E staining light microscope and transmission electron microscope. We found that the snake venom antimicrobial peptide OH-CATH reduced bacterial count in urine culture in both cephalosporin-resistant E. coli and the E. coli ATCC 25922 infected animals, while Cefoperazone and Sulbactam were only able to reduce the positive rate induced by the E. coli ATCC 25922 but had no obvious effects on animal model induced by cephalosporin-resistant E. coli strains (P<0.05). We also found less necrosis, degeneration and inflammatory cell infiltration in bladder tissue in OH-CATH groups as compared with the other experimental groups. The snake venom antimicrobial peptide OH-CATH had stable antibacterial activity against cephalosporin-resistant E. coli and E. coli ATCC 25922 and exhibited protective effects on both the cephalosporin-resistant E. coli and E. coli ATCC 25922 rabbit urinary tract infection models, suggesting that the molecule may have potential clinical applications in treating urinary tract infections.

Human trefoil factor 2 (hTFF2) is considered as one of the most important initiators of mucosal healing in the gastrointestinal tract by promoting cell migration and suppressing apoptosis. However, it is hard to obtain hTFF2 from human tissue and many recombinant hTFF2 produced in vitro exist as fusion proteins. The purpose of the present study was to produce native hTFF2 while maintaining its biological activities. The open reading frame of hTFF2 was inserted into a pET-32a(+) expression vector, and hTFF2-TRX fusion protein was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli and purified by Nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid affinity chromatography and reverse-phase HPLC steps. The recombinant fusion protein (purity>95%) was cleaved by Factor Xa at 23 Degrees Celsius to release hTFF2. After removal of Factor Xa and undigested fusion proteins, hTFF2 was purified and identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. The yield of recombinant hTFF2 was about 5 mg/L. The recombinant hTFF2 could promote IEC-6 cells migration and in vitro wound healing via the activation of ERK1/2. Recombinant hTFF2 could also inhibit apoptosis of HCT-116 cells induced by 50 μmol/L ceramide. In summary, our results showed that the recombinant hTFF2 was expressed in E. coli and successfully purified after cleavage with the fusion partner with high yield while maintaining its biological activities. Recombinant hTFF2 might be useful for investigating the molecular mechanism of hTFF2 and development of hTFF2-related drugs.