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With the intelligent transformation of the power grid, the number and type of various terminals, sensors, and new types of loads in the distribution network increase, and the huge amount of information and noise information accessing the power grid brings great challenges for fault detection and localization. In this paper, we propose to combine wavelet transform and LSTM unit to form a novel neural network basic unit TFM and examine the fault detection and localization capability of TFM by combining them with a typical example system, IEEE33. Spectral clustering and the K-Means algorithm are utilized to cluster the edge nodes, and the number of nodes in the three partitions after partition correction is 11, 10, and 12 nodes in order. The data shows that the TFM system performs the fault diagnosis task with better test accuracy than LSTM in every dimension, and its accuracy improvement for fault localization is the largest, at 5.39%. Introducing two reconfiguration scenarios for three edge node partitioning models and retrograde fault localization detection, compared with the no reconfiguration scenario, their localization accuracies all produce different degrees of decline, but always not less than 80%. The localization accuracy of the MⅡ model is still not less than 98% in the fault resistance range of 500~1000Ω, which proves that the TFM system can effectively extract high-resistance fault features.

Diabetic patients develop wounds that exhibit delayed healing, prolonged inflammatory responses, and slower epithelialization kinetics compared to non-diabetic patients. Diabetic foot ulcers(DFUs) affect approximately 18.6 million people worldwide. The presence of a high glucose microenvironment in DFUs results in the significant accumulation of bacterial infection and advanced glycation end products (AGEs). To solve this, a self-assemble antibacterial nanofiber(ANF) loaded oriential artificial skin (ANF@OAS) was introduced in this research, which is consisted of L/D-phenylalanine derivatives coupled the natural antimicrobial peptides. The ANF@OAS can effectively reduce AGEs production and suppress multiple resistant bacteria. Additionally, the ANF@OAS can suppress infection and stimulate wound healing in infected diabetic mice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the influence of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) on the quality of red raspberry wine, HHP technology was used to hold the red raspberry wine under the conditions of 200–600 MPa for 5 min/20℃, compared with the red raspberry wine without HHP treatment. Then the changes in aroma components, ellagic acid content, alcohol content, colony‐forming unit and sensory quality of red raspberry wine under different HHP conditions were evaluated. The results showed that HHP affected the aroma components of red raspberry wine. Principal component analysis showed that HHP treatment greatly affected the characteristic constituents of alcohols and esters. Simultaneously, it changed the content and composition of phenolic substances in red raspberry wine. For example, ellagic acid content was 35.15 mg/L at 400 MPa, which was 3 times higher than of normal pressure. No significant difference was found about the alcohol content of the wine subjected to HHP treatment within 400 MPa. However, the alcohol content decreased if it was higher than 400 MPa. In addition, HHP technology could eliminate the microorganisms. This research provides theoretical foundation for the HHP technology usage to red raspberry wine. Novelty Impact Statement: There are three main contributions from this research. Firstly, High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) has greater impact on the aroma of red raspberry wine with alcohols and esters. Secondly, HHP technology could increase the content of phenolic substances in red raspberry wine, while the compositions were also changed. More importantly, the content of ellagic acid that could inhibition of cancer were improved under HHP treatment conditions with 400 MPa in red raspberry wine, and the content of alcohol were reduced at the same time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of discography and discoblock in the treatment of low back pain (LBP) associated with painful Schmorl's nodes (SNs).Methods: Between January 2010 and February 2015, 46 patients were studied who had LBP suspected to be secondary to SNs. There were 34 men and 12 women, and mean age was 54.2 years (range 42-68 years). All patients underwent provocation discography, and discoblock was given to positive patients (confirmed to have painful SNs). Visual analogue scores (VAS) and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were evaluated at 4 h and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post-operatively. MRI was also used to evaluate the SNs at 12 months.Results: Discography was performed on a total of 60 discs without infection or other complications. Positive findings were found in 71.7% discs; 20.0% were negative, and 8.3% were indeterminate. Among the positive patients who underwent discoblock, 89.2% reported an improvement in their LBP, and none reported worsening symptoms. VAS and ODI scores decreased significantly after discoblock, and there were no significant differences between 4 h and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post-operatively. In patients with painful SNs, the vertebral body bone marrow surrounding the SN was characterized by low T1 and high T2 signals on MRI. At 12 months, the node demonstrated either high T1 and T2 signals or low T1 and T2 signals. The SNs tended to remain stable in size over time.Conclusions: Painful SNs refractory to medical or physical therapy should be an indication for treatment with discography and discoblock. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Modic changes (inflammatory-like changes visible on magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] scans of a vertebral end plate) are common and are associated with low back pain, but their origin is unclear. To our knowledge, there have been no previous in vivo animal models of Modic changes. We hypothesized that Modic changes may be related to Propionibacterium acnes.Methods: Ten New Zealand White rabbits were injected percutaneously with 1 mL of P. acnes (1.6 × 10 colony forming units/mL) into the subchondral bone superior to the L4-L5 and L5-L6 discs; 10 other control rabbits received sham injections at L4-L5 and 1 mL of normal saline solution (vehicle) at L5-L6. The subchondral bone superior to L3-L4 discs was untreated (blank). Development of Modic changes was investigated with MRI studies before the operation and at 2 weeks and 1, 2, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. Following sacrifice of the rabbits, histological analysis and microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) were performed, and blood samples were analyzed. Cytokine expression in end-plate tissues was quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results: The group that received P. acnes showed significantly increased T1-weighted signal intensity at 6 months (mean and standard deviation, 3.43 ± 0.41 [range, 2.42 to 4.44] compared with 2.43 ± 0.66 [range, 1.98 to 2.87] before the injection) and higher T2-weighted signal intensity at 6 months. Positive culture results were obtained from 9 of 20 samples injected with P. acnes. Specimens with positive cultures had a higher prevalence of Modic changes (4 of 9 samples positive for P. acnes compared with 3 of 11 samples negative for P. acnes). Real-time PCR showed significantly increased expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interferon-γ following injection of P. acnes, but no changes were seen on histological analysis, micro-CT, or blood analysis.Conclusions: P. acnes can survive within the end-plate region and can initiate mild inflammatory-like responses from host cells, leading to signal intensity changes in MRI scans, which potentially resemble Modic changes.Clinical Relevance: Disc degeneration and low back pain are associated with Modic changes. Our results indicate that Modic changes can be associated with P. acnes in the conjunction area of the disc and subchondral bone. These results may be useful for understanding the underlying mechanisms of Modic changes and related pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]