Search

【Objective】 Spring wheat is an important cereal crop in Northern Xinjiang, where limited precipitation during the growing season makes irrigation essential for its successful production. This paper investigates the effect of irrigation amount on its growth traits and final yield, in attempts to identify an optimal irrigation schedule for spring wheat in this region. 【Method】 The field plot experiments were conducted using the high-yielding varieties ‘Xinchun 37’ and ‘Xinchun 44’. Each variety was subjected to four irrigation treatments: 4 500 m3/hm2 (W1, resulting in severe drought), 5 250 m3/hm2 (W2, resulting in moderate drought), 6 000 m3/hm2 (W3, normal irrigation), and 6 750 m3/hm2(W4, excessive irrigation). For each irrigation treatment, we measured the growth traits, water use efficiency, and grain yield of the two crops. 【Result】 Soil water content in the 0-60 cm layer increased with the irrigation amount, with water in the 0-20 cm soil layer showing the most significant fluctuation. With the increase in irrigation amount, plant height and dry matter accumulation of both varieties increased initially, followed by a decline. It was also found that the grain-filling period of Xinchun 37 was longer than that of Xinchun 44. Compared to W4, W3 increased the water use efficiency of Xinchun 37 and Xinchun 44 by 30.00% and 15.45%, respectively, the irrigation water use efficiency by 33.91% and 19.85%, respectively. Compared to all other treatments, W3 increased the grain yield of Xinchun 37 by 14.45%-38.24%, while compared to W1 and W2, it increased the grain yield of Xinchun 44 by 25.76% and 14.45%, respectively. 【Conclusion】 Regression analysis shows that the optimal irrigation amount for Xinchun 37 and Xinchun 44 was 5 875.83 m3/hm2 and 5 967.67 m3/hm2, respectively, in the studied region.

"Objective To investigate the predictive value of hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) for endpoint events in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Methods A total of 1 420 patients with ADHF who were admitted to the Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from September 1, 2010, to September 1, 2019, were included in this study, and the corresponding HGI values were calculated. The patients were divided into three groups based on the tertiles of HGI ［group T1（HGI≤0.499%， n=473），group T2（0.499%＜HGI≤1.108%， n=474），group T3（HGI＞1.108%， n=473）］. The endpoints included all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE). The occurrence rates of the endpoints in the three groups were evaluated by Kaplan-Meier curves, and the predictive value of HGI for the endpoints was assessed by the multivariable COX proportional hazards model. Results During a follow-up period of 60 months, all-cause mortality was 25.28%, cardiovascular mortality was 13.03%, and MACCE incidence rate was 58.59% in the study cohort. The adjusted Kaplan-Meier curves showed that all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality decreased with increasing HGI values (P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in incidence rate of MACCE among three groups (P>0.05). In the adjusted multivariate COX proportional hazaras model, the increase in HGI was significantly associated with a decrease in all-cause mortality (HR=0.501, 95%CI: 0.336-0.747, P=0.001) and cardiovascular mortality (HR=0.438, 95%CI: 0.255-0.754, P=0.003). Conclusion Increased HGI values are significantly associated with decreased all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in patients with ADHF, but not with the occurrence of MACCE. "

Background Exploring the factors affecting health service utilization is of great significance for optimizing the allocation of health services. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) focuses on individuals' subjective self-assessment of their current health status, and may affect their health-seeking behaviors, but there are few studies on the impact of HRQoL on health service utilization of rural residents in China. Objective To explore the relationship between HRQoL and health service utilization of rural residents in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, and to provide a reference for the development of relevant policies/plans, and for the optimization health services in rural areas. Methods Data were collected from the Health Survey of Rural Residents Families 2019 conducted in four sample counties of Ningxia (Haiyuan, Pengyang, Xiji, Yanchi) from July to August 2019, involving 9 310 cases (≥15 years) with complete key information (gender, age, HRQoL-related indicators, health service utilization indicators). Detailed data of the residents were extracted, including socio-economic and demographic characteristics, health services accessibility, prevalence of chronic diseases, HRQoL measured using European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions 3 Level Version (EQ-5D-3L) and utilization of health services. The effects of health state utility values and visual analog scale (VAS) score on outpatient and inpatient health service utilization were analyzed by binary Logistic regression. Results The utilization rates of outpatient and inpatient health services of rural residents in Ningxia were 10.85% (1 010/9 310) and 18.86% (1 756/9 310), respectively. The mean health state utility values and mean VAS score of them were (0.965±0.090) and (69.97±17.84), respectively. Difference testing showed that residents with impaired self-care (in the EQ-5D-3L descriptive system) had higher rates of using outpatient health services〔OR (95%CI) =3.197 (2.633, 3.883), P

Background Health service research has become an important research field in health industry of China recently. Existing studies mainly focus on the prevalence of perceived morbidity within two weeks and associated treatment-seeking behaviors as well as influencing factors in residents, but rarely involve in their non-treatment-seeking behaviors. Objective To understand the prevalence of non-treatment-seeking behaviors in rural residents with perceived morbidity within two weeks, and to explore and analyze the influencing factors, so as to put forward targeted suggestions. Methods In December 2019, by use of a multistage stratified cluster random sampling approach, 27 196 residents from four rural counties of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region were selected to attend an interviewer-administered, face-to-face survey using a self-developed Two-week Morbidity Questionnaire for understanding their demographics, health characteristics, and the availability and accessibility of medical and health services. A structural equation model built based on the survey results was used to analyze and test the influencing factors of non-treatment-seeking behaviors for two-week morbidity. Results Of the residents, 21 451 (78.88%) who effectively responded to the survey were included for analysis. The two-week morbidity in the respondents was 14.97% (3 212/21 451), and the prevalence of non-treatment-seeking behaviors was 69.46% (2 231/3 212). The prevalence of non-treatment-seeking behaviors for two-week morbidity varied by gender, age, education level, occupation, self-assessed health status, prevalence of chronic diseases, the number of days of bed rest for an illness, and the time to go to secondary or higher medical institutions (P

To solve the problem of high tobacco content and serious tobacco waste caused by poor equipment parameter settings in the tobacco stem shreds air separation process of the existing air separator of tobacco cutting workshop, this paper proposes a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation analysis strategy for the aerodynamic characteristics of particle suspension in the air separator of tobacco cutting workshop. Firstly, in response to the problem that CFD numerical simulation software can only be applied to spherical models and cannot directly simulate the process of tobacco stem shreds selection, the discrete element analysis strategy DEM is introduced for fusion improvement, achieving effective simulation analysis of tobacco stem shreds selection process. Secondly, in response to the existing literature not considering the movement of the cut stem particles in the air separator and neglecting the particle collision during the tobacco stem shreds separation process, which leads to a certain deviation in the analysis data, a collision simulation model considering the radial movement distance between the stem and the floating chamber wall of the air separation device is introduced, which is fed back into the DEM-CFD fusion numerical simulation process to deeply optimize the parameters and improve the recovery efficiency of tobacco consumption. Finally, a domestic cigarette factory brand tobacco stem shreds and sticks were used as the experimental object for simulation analysis, and the optimal separation negative pressure of the air separator of the tobacco cutting workshop was obtained, verifying the effectiveness of the proposed method.

To solve the problems of low model simulation accuracy and slow simulation algorithm running speed that is not suitable for actual production needs caused by neglecting particle motion collision in the existing air separator of tobacco cutting workshop during the tobacco stem shreds air separation process, this paper proposes an equipment optimization research strategy based on particle suspension characteristics for the Tobacco Stem Shreds Air separator. Firstly, using the principles of suspension separation and inertial separation, a two-stage separation device for tobacco stem shreds is designed, and a two-stage separation chamber model is established. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation is used to study the separation chamber of the tobacco stem shreds two-stage separation device. Secondly, the Discrete Element Simulation Platform is introduced to improve and enhance the CFD strategy, and it is used for simulation analysis of the Tobacco Stem Shreds Air separator process to solve the problem of ignoring collisions during particle motion solely using the CFD strategy. Finally, a parallel computing strategy is introduced to construct a parallel discrete unit individual (DUI) based CFD strategy (DUI-CFD), which solves the problem of low computational efficiency in single-threaded DUI-CFD coupling simulation technology. The proposed method has been shown to accurately simulate the separation process of tobacco stem shreds in an air separator and achieve higher simulation calculation speeds, as demonstrated by the experimental results.

Background With the severe situation of the increasingly population aging in China, the health problems of the middle-aged and older adults can not be ignored, attracting much attention on the health equity among the rural-dewlling middle-aged and older adults. The geographic remoteness of southern mountainous area in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region causes the health conditions of the middle-aged and older adults more unoptimistic. However, there are relatively few studies on the health equity among the middle-aged and older adults in this area. Objective To investigate the health equity of the middle-aged and older adults in the pilot counties of medical reform in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (Haiyuan County and Yanchi County) and analyze the contribution degree of various influencing factors to health inequality, so as to provide a basis for improving the health of the middle-aged and older adults and relevant health policies. Methods From January to March in 2022, from the follow-up data of 2019 from the Family Health Inquiry Survey of Rural Residents, the middle-aged and older adults (age≥45 years old) from resident families (living in the corresponding counties for more than one year) were selected as subjects (n=5 908) . The analysis was conducted with the two-week prevalence rate, chronic disease prevalence rate, two-week bedridden rate and two-week leaving rate as dependent variables, with sex, age, marital status, level of education, occupation, type of drinking water and per capita family income as independent variables. The concentration index was used to analyze the health equity of the middle-aged and older adults, and the centralized index decomposition method was used to analyze the contribution of various influencing factors to health inequality. Results The concentration indexes of two-week prevalence rate, chronic disease prevalence rate, two-week bedridden rate and two-week leaving rate among the middle-aged and older adults in Haiyuan County were 0.030 0, 0.002 9, 0.011 4 and 0.032 7, respectively, while those of two-week prevalence rate, chronic disease prevalence rate, two-week bedridden rate and two-week leaving rate among the middle-aged and older adults in Yanchi County were 0.000 4, -0.000 1, 0.037 4 and 0.037 4, respectively. The concentration index decomposition analysis showed that gender, age, level of education, occupation, type of drinking water and per capita family income are the main causes for health inequality among the middle-aged and older adults, among which age and per capita family income contribute more to health inequality. The contribution ratio of age to the two-week prevalence rate, hronic disease prevalence rate, two-week bedridden rate and two-week leaving rate in Haiyuan County were -11.92%, -152.57%, -27.76% and 7.80%, respectively. The contribution ratio of age to the two-week prevalence rate, chronic disease prevalence rate, two-week bedridden rate and two-week leaving rate in Yanchi County were -334.79%, 1 117.94%, -45.45% and-25.44%, respectively. The contribution ratio of per capita family income to the two-week prevalence rate, chronic disease prevalence rate, two-week bedridden rate and two-week leaving rate among the middle-aged and older adults in Haiyuan County were 35.41%, -0.31%, 2.08% and 22.03%, respectively. The contribution ratio to the two-week prevalence rate, chronic disease prevalence rate, two-week bedridden rate and two-week leaving rate among the middle-aged and older adults in Yanchi County were 86.88%, -165.24%, 37.13% and 1.50%, respectively. Conclusion Overall, the health equity among the middle-aged and older adults in the pilot counties of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region is better but tilted towards those with higher incomes. Age contributes the most to health inequity among the middle-aged and older adults. The society should give higher priority to the middle-aged and older adults; Local primary health care institutions can increase the health awareness of the middle-aged and older adults by providing free health check-ups regularly and promoting health literacy to them. The health administration should adjust relevant health policies to better meet the health needs of the middle-aged and older adults and ultimately achieve health equity.