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In this study, we explore the interplay between the plant hormones gibberellins (GA), brassinosteroids (BR), and Indole‐3‐Acetic Acid (IAA) in their collective impact on plant shade avoidance elongation under varying light conditions. We focus particularly on low Red:Far‐red (R:FR) light conditions achieved by supplementing the background light with FR. We characterized the tomato internode response to low R:FR and, with RNA‐seq analysis, we were able to identify some of the potential regulatory hormonal pathways. Through a series of exogenous pharmacological modulations of GA, IAA, and BR, we demonstrate that GA and BR are sufficient but also necessary for inducing stem elongation under low R:FR light conditions. Intriguingly, while IAA alone shows limited effects, its combination with GA yields significant elongation, suggesting a nuanced hormonal balance. Furthermore, we unveil the complex interplay of these hormones under light with low R:FR, where the suppression of one hormone's effect can be compensated by the others. This study provides insights into the hormonal mechanisms governing plant adaptation to light, highlighting the intricate and adaptable nature of plant growth responses. Our findings have far‐reaching implications for agricultural practices, offering potential strategies for optimizing plant growth and productivity in various lighting environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims The optimal sampling methods for detecting human papillomavirus (HPV) in male genital sites remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the performance, acceptability, and comfort of two sampling techniques for male genital HPV detection. Methods and results A total of 490 men aged 18–45 were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to undergo either the rub-brush (nail file followed by swab) or brush-only method (swab only) for sampling at external genitalia sites (PGS) and perineum/perianal (PA) sites. HPV distribution, specimen validity (β-globin as a quality reference), and participant acceptability and comfort were evaluated between the two sampling methods. The brush-only method demonstrated non-inferiority in detecting 14 high-risk HPV types (16/18/31/33/35/39/45/51/52/56/58/59/66/68) compared to the rub-brush method in both PGS (18.9% vs. 16.9%) and PA (10.5% vs. 11.9%). Although no significant differences were observed in positive rates for other HPV types, the brush-only method had a significantly higher invalid rate in PA (8.5% vs. 1.5%). Approximately 85.0% of participants reported good acceptability and comfort with both sampling methods, regardless of anatomical sites. Conclusions This study suggests comparable performance, acceptability and comfort between the two sampling techniques for HPV detection. However, the rub-brush method may offer an advantage in higher sample validity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Light undergoes attenuation due to scattering and refraction when propagating through aerosols. In foggy conditions, Aerosol particles in the troposphere exhibit high mobility introducing intricate non‐linear noise into images. Foggy image restoration represents an ill‐posed problem, where traditional physical models and image enhancement techniques often prove inadequate in delivering effective solutions. This paper introduces a novel deep sub‐pixel reconstruction algorithm for foggy image restoration, pioneering the application of sub‐pixel reconstruction modules to this domain. This model employs convolutional layers to extract low‐level features and dense‐connected layers for high‐level feature extraction. Furthermore, a specialized sub‐pixel reconstruction module tailored for the task of foggy image restoration is designed, with the purpose of reconstructing dehazed images from latent vectors. During training, a generative adversarial training framework is adopted, incorporating a purpose‐designed discriminator. Additionally, a fusion loss is implemented to facilitate model refinement. Quantitative and qualitative evaluation experiments conducted on synthetic and real‐world image datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in preserving finer details. The Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) is observed to improve by 2.5%, attesting to enhanced perceptual quality for grayscale foggy images. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lithium‐sulfur batteries are famous for high energy density but prevented by shuttling effect and sluggish electrochemical conversion kinetics due to the high energy barriers of Li+ transport across the electrode/electrolyte interface. Herein, the Li+‐solvents dissociation kinetics is catalyzed and stimulated by designing a carbon bridged metal‐organic framework (MOF@CC), aimed at realizing increased bare Li+ transport for the rapid conversion kinetics of sulfur species. Theoretical simulations and spectroscopic results demonstrate that the bridged MOF@CC well grants a special transport channel for accelerating Li+ benefited from aggregated anion/cation clusters. Moreover, the CN bridge between ‐NH2 ligand in MOF and carbon shell enhances electron exchange, and thus promotes polysulfide catalytic efficiency and hinder polysulfide aggregation and accumulation. With the MOF@CC‐modified separators, the assembled Li/S batteries deliver a reversible capability of 1063 mAh g‐1 at 0.5 C, a capacity retention of 88% after 100 cycles, and a high‐rate performance of 765 mAh g−1 at 5 C. Moreover, the large areal pouch cell with 100 µm Li foil and lean electrolyte is capable of stabilizing 855 mAh g−1 after 70 cycles. These results well demonstrate the efficiency of catalyzing desolvation for fast Li+ transport kinetics and the conversion of polysulfides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aqueous zinc battery has been regarded as one of the most promising energy storage systems due to its low cost and environmental benignity. However, the safety concern on Zn anodes caused by uncontrolled Zn dendrite growth in aqueous electrolyte hinders their application. Herein, sucrose with multi-hydroxyl groups has been introduced into aqueous electrolyte to modify Zn2+ solvation environment and create a protection layer on Zn anode, thus effectively retarding the growth of zinc dendrites. Atomistic simulations and experiments confirm that sucrose molecules can enter into the solvation sheath of Zn2+, and the as-formed unique solvation structure enhances the mobility of Zn2+. Such fast Zn2+ kinetics in sucrose-modified electrolyte can successfully suppress the dendrite growth. With this sucrose-modified aqueous electrolyte, Zn/Zn symmetric cells present more stable cycle performance than those using pure aqueous electrolyte; Zn/C cells also deliver an impressive higher energy density of 129.7 Wh·kg−1 and improved stability, suggesting a great potential application of sucrose-modified electrolytes for future Zn batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]