Search

Supposing the existence of Dark Fluid with a Chaplygin-like equation of state $p=-B/\rho$ (CDF) as a cosmic background, we obtain a static spherically-symmetric black hole (BH) solution to the Einstein gravitational equations. We study the $P-V$ critical behavior of AdS BH surrounded by the CDF in the extended phase space where the cosmological constant appears as pressure, and our results show the existence of the Van der Waals like small/large BH phase transition. Also, it is found that such a BH displays a first-order low/high-$\Phi$ BH phase transition and admits the same criticality with van der Waals liquid/gas system in the non-extended phase space, where the normalization factor $q$ is considered as a thermodynamic variable, while the cosmological constant being fixed. In both $P-V$ and the newly proposed $q-\Phi$ phase spaces, we calculate the BH equations of state and then numerically study the corresponding critical quantities. Moreover, the critical exponents are derived and the results show the universal class of the scaling behavior of thermodynamic quantities near criticality. Finally, we study the shadow thermodynamics of AdS BHs surrounded by the CDF. We find that, there exists a positive correlation between the shadow radius and the event horizon radius in our case. By analyzing the temperature and heat capacity curves under the shadow context, we discover that the shadow radius can replace the event horizon radius to demonstrate the BH phase transition process, and the changes of the shadow radius can serve as order parameters for the small/large BH phase transition, indicating that the shadow radius could give us a glimpse into the BH phase structure from the observational point of view., Comment: 19 pages, 12 figures. PRD accepted version. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2012.13271, arXiv:1407.0011 by other authors

Background: Ticks are arthropods that can carry multiple pathogens and parasitize on livestock and mammals as well as on humans. Animal husbandry in Inner Mongolia, China, provides a suitable tick habitat. In this study, PacBio full-length 16S rDNA third-generation sequencing was used to analyze the diversity of microbial communities carried by ticks in different regions of Inner Mongolia. The aim of the study is to characterize the microbiome carried by ticks in different geographical locations and to provide theoretical support for regional prevention and control of pathogen populations in the future. Methods: In this study, a total of 905 Dermacentor nuttalli and 36 Ixodes persuleatus were collected from the surface of sheep in four main pasture areas in Inner Mongolia. Pooled DNA samples were prepared from three samples from each region and from each tick species. In total the microbial diversity of 12 samples was analyzed by PacBio full-length 16S rRNA third-generation sequencing, and the α and β diversity were determined. Results: The main bacterial genera we found were Rickettsia (35.27%), Ac37b (19.33%), Arsenophonus (11.21%), Candidatus Lariskella (10.84%), and Acinetobacter (7.17%). There were significant differences in the microbial composition of ticks from different regions and in different tick species. Rickettsia bellii was found in the I. persuleatus group. In addition, Anaplasma and a novel tyhpus group Rickettsia species (R. bacterium Ac37b) were found in the sample group of D. nuttalli in the city of Ordos.Conclusions: In this study, Rickettsia bellii was first found in I. persuleatus in Inner Mongolia, and a novel tyhpus group Rickettsia species (R. bacterium Ac37b) was found in D. nuttalli from the city of Ordos. Our study provides a basis for the prevention and control of tick-borne diseases through the analysis of tick microbial diversity in different regions of Inner Mongolia. Furthermore, we were able to detect a new tick-borne pathogen in D. nutalli.

Applying the effective Lagrangian method, we study the flavor changing neutral current process within the minimal supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model, where baryon and lepton numbers are local gauge symmetries. Constraints on the parameters are investigated numerically with the experimental data for the branching ratio of . Additionally, we present the corrections to direct CP-violation in and time-dependent CP-asymmetry in . With appropriate assumptions on the parameters, we find the direct CP-violation is very small, while one-loop contributions to can be significant.

In this paper, we propose an alternative version of the randomized Kaczmarz method, which chooses each row of the coefficient matrix A with probability proportional to the square of the Euclidean norm of the residual of each corresponding equation. We prove that it converges with expected linear rate and the convergence rate of this method is better than the Strohmer and Vershynin’s RK method. Numerical experiments also show this method is more efficient than the RK method.

The four-wave mixing (FWM) effect has been systematically studied in an atom–optical cavity coupling system with a second-order nonlinear crystal (SOC), which is formed by coupling an optical cavity with a two-level atom and a SOC. In this research, it is found that the FWM effect largely depends on the SOC, because the SOC can promote a two-photon absorption process. Therefore, a tunable FWM signal can be obtained in this coupling system by controlling the SOC. Moreover, the results also show that the cavity decay rate plays an important role in controlling the FWM signal. By optimizing the cavity decay rate and the SOC, a strong FWM signal can be generated. In addition, by adjusting the cavity–pump detuning, conversion between a single-peak FWM signal and two-peak FWM signal can be easily realized.

We consider a model that charged static spherically-symmetric black hole is surrounded by dark fluid with nonlinear equation of state $p_d=-B/\rho_d$. We find that the energy density of the dark fluid can be characterized by two parameters. The derivation of metric solution, as well as the calculation of black hole thermodynamical quantities as functions of horizon radius, are performed. Specially, in $D$-dimensional Einstein gravity and Gauss-Bonnet gravity cases, we plot the metric functions and corresponding thermodynamical quantities, such as mass, Hawking temperature and heat capacity, by varying the values of spacetime dimensions and dark fluid parameters. The effects of the dark fluid parameters on black hole solutions as well as on thermodynamical stability of black holes are discussed., Comment: 17 pages, 10 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1708.03884 by other authors

We systematically investigate the four-wave mixing (FWM) spectrum in a dual-cavity hybrid optomechanical system, which is made up of one optical cavity with an ensemble of two-level atoms and another with a mechanical oscillator. In this work, we propose that the hybrid dual-cavity optomechanical system can be employed as a highly sensitive mass sensor due to the fact that the FWM spectrum generated in this system has a narrow spectral width and the intensity of the FWM can be easily tuned by controlling the coupling strength (cavity–cavity, atom–cavity). More fascinatingly, the dual-cavity hybrid optomechanical system can also be used as an all-optical switch in view of the easy on/off control of FWM signals by adjusting the atom-pump detuning to be positive or negative. The proposed schemes have great potential applications in quantum information processing and highly sensitive detection.

We theoretically study the four-wave mixing (FWM) response in a quantum dot-cavity coupling system, where a two-level quantum dot (QD) is placed in an optical cavity while the cavity mode is coupled to the nanomechanical resonator via radiation pressure. The influences of the QD-cavity coupling strength, the Rabi coupling strength of the QD, and the power of the pump light on the FWM intensity are mainly considered. The numerical results show that the FWM intensity in this hybrid system can be significantly enhanced by increasing the QD-cavity coupling strength. In addition, the FWM intensity can be effectively modulated by the Rabi coupling strength and the pump power. Furthermore, the effects of the cavity decay rate and the cavity-pump detuning on the FWM signal are also explored. The obtained results may have potential applications in the fields of quantum optics and quantum information science.

The elevated low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in menopausal women is associated with higher risks of cardiovascular diseases.The aim of this study is to investigate the influence and mechanism by which high postmenopausal FSH levels affect lipid profiles.The serum FSH and lipid levels were examined in 400 Chinese postmenopausal women. The FSH receptor (FSHR) expression was identified in liver and HepG2 cells by PCR and Western blotting. The effects of FSH on lipid metabolism were confirmed in an ovariectomized mouse model by using GnRH agonist with or without additional FSH to mimic different FSH status. LDL receptor (LDLR), a necessary factor for clearance of LDL-C through endocytosis, was examined by PCR and Western blotting.The postmenopausal women with higher serum FSH (≥78.3 IU/L at baseline) had higher serum total cholesterol and LDL-C levels than those women with FSH levels of 40-78.3 IU/L (P.01). The improvements of total cholesterol and LDL-C levels were more significant in higher FSH women group after treatment with hormone replacement therapy. It was only in the women whose FSH levels were reduced more than 30% after hormone replacement therapy who showed significant improvement of lipid levels. Ovariectomized mice had high serum FSH and lipids levels and reduced hepatic LDLR expression. In HepG2 cells, FSH inhibited the LDLR in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and the FSHR knockdown with specific siRNA reversed the lower LDLR induced by FSH.FSH may interact with its receptors in hepatocytes and reduce LDLR levels, which subsequently attenuates the endocytosis of LDL-C, resulting in an elevated circulating LDL-C level.

The development of a core set of SNP molecular markers that could be widely used in soybean genetic research would greatly facilitate research into the genetic diversity of soybean. We conducted an analysis of Tokachi nagaha and 137 of its descendant soybean cultivars using 4044 SNP markers with the goal of determining the appropriate number of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) needed to construct unambiguous molecular IDs and characterize genetic diversity based on a genetic distance matrix correlation method. When the number of SNPs was held constant, the number of accession pairs that could be distinguished increased as the polymorphism informative content (PIC) value of the SNPs increased. A core panel of 20 selected SNPs from 11 linkage groups with a mean PIC value of 0.3703 and a range of 0.3640–0.3749 was able to identify almost all of the accession pairs in our study [9445 pairs (99.92%)]. The eight accession pairs that could not be identified with this core SNP set all originated from the same province and some of them had the same parental cultivars. The molecular IDs of the 138 accessions were constructed using the core 20 SNPs. It is known that both the number of SNPs and PIC values should be considered when SNPs are selected for use in the analysis of genetic diversity. In this study, when the PIC value was 0.3460, the correlation coefficient between the genetic distance matrices associated with a panel of 200 SNPs and the total population was > 0.800, indicating satisfactory correlation. Our high-accuracy, high-resolution core SNP panel for germplasm fingerprinting and our findings about assessing genetic diversity will likely markedly improve the management and utilization efficiency of soybean germplasm resources.

Seed protein content is one of the most important traits controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in soybean. In this study, aGlycine sojaaccession (ZYD2738) was crossed with two elite cultivars Jidou 12 and Jidou 9 separately and subsequently the resulting F2:3populations were used to identify QTLs associated with seed protein content. Protein contents in either population appeared to have a normal distribution with transgressive segregation. A total of five QTLs associated with high protein content were identified and mapped to chromosomes 2, 6, 13, 18 and 20, respectively. Of these QTLs, three (qPRO_2_1,qPRO_13_1andqPRO_20_1) were identified in the same region in both the populations, whereas the other two (qPRO_6_1andqPRO_18_1) were mapped in two different regions.qPRO_2_1appears to be a novel protein QTL.qPRO_6_1,qPRO_18_1andqPRO_20_1had additive effects on seed protein content, whileqPRO_13_1had an over-dominant effect on seed protein content. These QTLs and their linked markers could serve as effective tools for marker-assisted selection to increase seed protein content.

An embedded positioning system, which can be applied to seismic exploration, is designed. Meeting the characteristics of field work and the instantaneity of data transmission, the system is composed by the positioning terminals and supplemented by earthquake decision-making experts and monitoring center. With the style of mobile phone message and monitoring center, the real-time transmission and query of positioning data are mobile.

Amyloid-β (Aβ), the major component of neuritic plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD), is derived from sequential proteolytic cleavage of amyloid protein precursor (APP) by secretases. In this study, we found that cystatin C (CysC), a natural cysteine protease inhibitor, is able to reduce Aβ40 secretion in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC). The CysC-induced Aβ40 reduction was caused by degradation of β-secretase BACE1 through the ubiquitin/proteasome pathway. In contrast, we found that CysC promoted secretion of soluble APPα indicating the activated non-amyloidogenic processing of APP in HBMEC. Further results revealed that α-secretase ADAM10, which was transcriptionally upregulated in response to CysC, was required for the CysC-induced sAPPα secretion. Knockdown of SIRT1 abolished CysC-triggered ADAM10 upregulation and sAPPα production. Taken together, our results demonstrated that exogenously applied CysC can direct amyloidogenic APP processing to non-amyloidgenic pathway in brain endothelial cells, mediated by proteasomal degradation of BACE1 and SIRT1-mediated ADAM10 upregulation. Our study unveils previously unrecognized protective role of CysC in APP processing.

Image denoising is still a challenge of image processing. Buades et al. proposed a nonlocal means (NL-means) approach. This method had a remarkable denoising results at high expense of computational cost. In this paper, We compared several fast non-local means methods, and proposed a new fast algorithm. Numerical experiments showed that our algorithm considerably reduced the computational cost, and obtained visually pleasant images.

Performance objectives and contents of resistance verification for high speed railway bridge are embodied and quantified based on the theory of performance-based seismic design. The resistance verification is proposed, which can control the damage under design earthquake and ensure safety of the pier under low-level earthquake. The simplified capacity spectra method for calculating displacement ductility factor is proposed by using strength reduction factor. The method for evaluating damage of RC bridge pier in high-level earthquake is presented by using maximum displacement and hysteretic energy. The proposed approach and procedures for performance-based seismic design are easily to implement. The performance-based seismic design procedure is demonstrated by using an example.

Highly oriented ZnO-surfactant multilamellar nanostructures were fabricated by Electrochemistry-Assisted Self-Assembly on silicon substrates from the solution containing zinc nitrate and dilute surfactant hexadecylamine at 60 °C. The co-absorption of inorganic ions with surfactant on the electrode surface implied that the unique growth mechanism depended strongly on the environmental change of cathodic electrode area under the electric field. The ZnO nanosheets (∼2.3 nm) were produced. Comparing with pure ZnO film by electrodeposition, the multilamellar nanostructures consisting of the dielectric organic barriers and the semiconducting inorganic well layers give rise to 2-dimensional quantum confinement. This kind of organic–inorganic hybrid materials may be a potential candidate in practical applications.

To explain the matter–antimatter asymmetry, a supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model (SM) is proposed where baryon and lepton numbers are local-gauged (BLMSSM), and exotic superfields are introduced when gauge group is enlarged to [Formula: see text]. Owing to the consistency of the SM prediction and the observation of large hadron collider (LHC), the parameter space that related to the masses of new particles is stringently constrained. By diagonalizing the mass-squared matrices for neutral scalar sectors and the mass-squared matrices for exotic quarks, we obtain the mass of these particles, then present the contour plot of mass varying from different parameters with some assumptions, so the constraints on model parameter can be obtained with different lower limits of particle mass.

Highly oriented crystalline Zn(OH)2/p-aminobenzoic acid nanolaminates are fabricated on solid supports by cathodic electrodeposition. The growth condition is very mild, involving no organic solvent. The nanolaminates have superhydrophobic surface and are transparent in the range of the visible light. The nanolaminates electrodeposited on silicon substrates behave like multiquantum well structures, exhibiting unique optical properties which are not seen in either zinc hydroxide or p-aminobenzoic acid crystals.

Controllable depositing of relatively thick inorganic sublayers into organic templates to fabricate organic-inorganic superlattices is of great importance. We report a novel approach to fabricating phospholipid/Ni(OH)(2) superlattices by electrochemical deposition of the inorganic component into solid-supported multilamellar templates. The well-ordered and highly oriented multilamellar templates are produced by spreading small drops of lipid solution on silicon surfaces and letting the solvent evaporate slowly. The templates which are used as working electrodes preserve the lamellar structure in the electrolyte solution. The resulting superlattices are highly oriented. The thickness of the nickel hydroxide is controlled by the concentration of nickel ions in the electrolyte bath. The electron density profiles derived from the X-ray diffraction data reveal that the thickness of the nickel hydroxide sublayers increases from 15 to 27 A as the concentration of nickel nitrate increases from 0.005 mol/L to 0.08 mol/L. We expect that the new method can be extended to depositing a variety of inorganic components including metals, oxides, and semiconductors.

A mouse model was used to compare the number and function of mitochondria in oocytes and embryos obtained by superovulation and in a natural cycle (control group). The superovulation group had a higher number of total oocytes, MII oocytes, embryos with two pronuclei, 2-cell embryos and blastocysts than the control group (P

α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles are uniformly coated on the surface of α-MoO3 nanorods through a two-step hydrothermal synthesis method. As the anode of a lithium-ion battery, α-Fe2O3@α-MoO3 core-shell nanorods exhibit extremely high lithium-storage performance. At a rate of 0.1 C (10 h per half cycle), the reversible capacity of α-Fe2O3@α-MoO3 core-shell nanorods is 1481 mA h g(-1) and a value of 1281 mA h g(-1) is retained after 50 cycles, which is much higher than that retained by bare α-MoO3 and α-Fe2O3 and higher than traditional theoretical results. Such a good performance can be attributed to the synergistic effect between α-Fe2O3 and α-MoO3 , the small size effect, one-dimensional nanostructures, short paths for lithium diffusion, and interface spaces. Our results reveal that core-shell nanocomposites have potential applications as high-performance lithium-ion batteries.