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The spontaneous emergence of temporal structures challenges the conventional understanding that systems governed by time-invariant laws remain unchanged over time. Recent experiments have observed this time translation symmetry breaking in quantum atomic systems that either exhibit strong atom-atom interactions or have low dissipation rates. While current theoretical frameworks reveal the importance of strong atom-atom interactions, they fall short in explaining this phenomenon observed in low-dissipation atomic systems. Here, we present a theoretical study on the spontaneous breaking of time translation symmetry in materials with low dissipation rates. By constructing phase diagrams for a system of four-level atoms driven by a continuous-wave optical field, we identify the essential requirements for self-sustained temporal motions. These include a driven open system, nonlinear interactions, and sufficient degrees of freedom that facilitate competing processes. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the emergence of spontaneous time translation symmetry breaking in these materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tea is one of important economic crops in China. With the continuous expansion of its planting scale and frequent occurrence of diseases and insect pests, chemical pesticides are mostly used to quickly prevent and control diseases and insect pests in tea gardens. However, there are a few kinds of pesticides registered in tea garden. After longterm of single and frequent usage, pests in tea garden are easy to produce resistant, resulting in the control effects reduced and the pesticide usage increased, and a widespread concern is attracted for the pesticide residues in tea. Therefore, it is of great significance to find a new pesticide in tea garden and to evaluate the residue behavior of the pesticide and to set the maximum residue limit standard on tea. In this study, a residue analysis method of spirodiclofen in fresh tea leaves, black tea, green tea, black tea infusion and green tea infusion was established by an optimized QuEChERS pretreatment combined with ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The correlation coefficient (R2) of spirodiclofen in the standard curves of solvent and different matrices were above 0.993 6 at the concentration range of 0.005~2.5 mg/L, and the detection limits (LODs) were all less than 0.002 mg/L. The recoveries of spirodiclofen ranged from 78.8% to 107.5%, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were 1.3%~13.9% for four different spiked concentrations, the quantification limits (LOQs) of spirodiclofen in fresh tea leaves, black tea and green tea, and black tea infusion and green tea infusion were 0.002 mg/kg, 0.005 mg/kg and 0.000 2 mg/L, respectively. This method was used to analyze the migration and degradation of spirodiclofen during tea growing, processing and brewing, it was found that the degradation half life of spirodiclofen on fresh tea leaves in Zhejiang was 3.29 day, after processing, from fresh tea leaves to black tea and green tea, the residues of spirodiclofen were significantly reduced 33.6%~51.8% and 22.7%~63.4%, respectively. The leaching rates of spirodiclofen in black tea infusion and green tea infusion were very low, with the total leaching rates were 1.8%~4.3% and 1.5%~2.8%, respectively. The dietary risk assessment showed that the maximum intake of spirodiclofen in human drinking was 0.000 069 mg/kg[DK]•d bw, which was only 069% of the ADI value of spirodiclofen, and the national estimated daily intake (NEDI) of spirodiclofen was 0.362 2 mg, the acceptable daily intake was 0.63 mg, so the risk probability was 57.49%. Thus, the maximum residue limit (MRL) of spirodiclofen in tea can be set at 10 mg/kg in China, which has only a lower risk for human tea intake.

Background:Children with special health care needs (CSHCN) require long-term and ongoing rehabilitation interventions supporting their development. Telerehabilitation can provide continuous rehabilitation services for CSHCN. However, few studies have explored the intention of CSHCN and their caregivers to use telerehabilitation and its impact on them. Objective:The objective of this study was to identify factors that influence the intention to use telerehabilitation among CSHCN and their caregivers. Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study. Based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology, extended with additional predictors (trust and perceived risk [PR]), this study developed a research model and proposed 10 hypotheses. A structured questionnaire was distributed to 176 caregivers. Data were analyzed and research hypotheses were tested using partial least squares structural equation modeling to better understand the factors influencing the use of telerehabilitation. Results:A total of 164 valid questionnaires were collected. CSHCN and their caregivers were overall satisfied with this telerehabilitation medical service. The results of the structural model analysis indicated that social influence (SI), facilitating conditions (FC), and trust had significant effects on behavioral intention (BI) to use telerehabilitation, while the paths between performance expectancy (PE), effort expectancy (EE), and PR and BI were not significant. PE, EE, and SI had a significant effect on trust. Moreover, EE and SI had indirect effects on BI, with trust as the mediator. Conclusions:The results indicated that SI, FC, and trust are significant factors influencing CSHCN and their caregivers' use of telerehabilitation. Trust is also an important mediator for the intention and highly influenced by PE, EE, and SI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In experimental myocardial infarction (MI), a rise in cell counts of circulating monocyte subsets contributes to impaired myocardial healing and to atherosclerotic plaque destabilization. In humans, the prognostic role of monocyte subsets in patients suffering ST-elevation MI (STEMI) is still unclear. In the present study, we aimed to determine the kinetics of the 3 monocyte subsets (classical CD14++CD16-, intermediate CD14++CD16+, and nonclassical CD14+CD16++ monocytes), as well as the subset-specific monocyte-platelet aggregates (MPA), in acute STEMI followed by primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and their relationships with cardiovascular outcomes during a 2-year follow-up.Monocyte subsets and MPA were measured in 100 STEMI patients receiving primary PCI on days 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 of symptom onset, which were compared with 60 stable coronary heart disease patients and 35 healthy volunteers. From day 1 to day 7, significant increases in the counts of CD14++CD16+ monocytes and CD14++CD16+ MPA were observed, with peak levels on day 2. During a median follow-up of 2.0 years, 28 first cardiovascular events (defined as cardiovascular death, nonfatal ischemic stroke, recurrent MI, need for emergency or repeat revascularization, and rehospitalization for heart failure) were recorded. After adjustment for confounders, CD14++CD16+ monocytosis (day 1 [HR: 3.428; 95% CI: 1.597-7.358; P = 0.002], day 2 [HR: 4.835; 95% CI: 1.106-21.13; P = 0.04], day 3 [HR: 2.734; 95% CI: 1.138-6.564; P = 0.02], and day 7 [HR: 2.647; 95% CI: 1.196-5.861; P = 0.02]), as well as increased levels of CD14++CD16+ MPA measured on all time points (days 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7), had predictive values for adverse cardiovascular events.In conclusion, our data show the expansion of the CD14++CD16+ monocyte subset during acute phase of STEMI has predictive values for 2-year adverse cardiovascular outcomes in patients treated with primary PCI. Future studies will be warranted to elucidate whether CD14++CD16+ monocytes may become a target cell population for new therapeutic strategies after STEMI.

Calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor C family.It is widely expressed in different tissue cells in the body and functions in various pathophysiological processes of the body. CaSR can participate in the development of atherosclerosis by regulating vascular endothelial cell injury,inflammatory response,proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells and vascular calcification.