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6. Sediment subduction in Hadean revealed by machine learning.

Author

Jiang, Jilian, Zou, Xinyu, Mitchell, Ross, Zhang, Yigang, Zhao, Yong, Yin, Qing-Zhu, Yang, Wei, Zhou, Xiqiang, Wang, Hao, Spencer, Christopher, Shan, Xiaocai, Wu, Shitou, Li, Guangming, Qin, Kezhang, and Li, Xian-Hua

Subjects
Hadean, S-type granite, machine learning, subduction, zircon
Abstract

Due to the scarcity of rock samples, the Hadean Era predating 4 billion years ago (Ga) poses challenges in understanding geological processes like subaerial weathering and plate tectonics that are critical for the evolution of life. The Jack Hills zircon from Western Australia, the primary Hadean samples available, offer valuable insights into magma sources and tectonic genesis through trace element signatures. However, a consensus on these signatures has not been reached. To address this, we developed a machine learning classifier capable of deciphering the geochemical fingerprints of zircon. This allowed us to identify the oldest detrital zircon originating from sedimentary-derived S-type granites. Our results indicate the presence of S-type granites as early as 4.24 Ga, persisting throughout the Hadean into the Archean. Examining global detrital zircon across Earths history reveals consistent supercontinent-like cycles from the present back to the Hadean. These findings suggest that a significant amount of Hadean continental crust was exposed, weathered into sediments, and incorporated into the magma sources of Jack Hills zircon. Only the early operation of both subaerial weathering and plate subduction can account for the prevalence of S-type granites we observe. Additionally, the periodic evolution of S-type granite proportions implies that subduction-driven tectonic cycles were active during the Hadean, at least around 4.2 Ga. The evidence thus points toward an early Earth resembling the modern Earth in terms of active tectonics and habitable surface conditions. This suggests the potential for life to originate in environments like warm ponds rather than extreme hydrothermal settings.

Published
2024

12. Stability of Aerobic Granular Sludge for the Treatment of Inorganic Wastewater in a Sequencing Batch Reactor

Author

LI Zhenghao, LUO Yi, LIU Liliang, KANG Jianlin, LI Guangming, NIE Jiale, and LONG Bei

Subjects
aerobic granular sludge, inorganic wastewater, biofilm, nitrogen removal, stability, River, lake, and water-supply engineering (General), TC401-506
Abstract

Four sequencing batch reactors (SBR, R1, R2, R3 and R4) were started by seeding aerobic granular sludge (AGS), AGS/stereohollow packing media, AGS/polyurethane sponge packing media, and AGS/stereohollow packing media/polyurethane sponge packing media, respectively, so as to explore their nitrogen removal performances and granular stability in treating inorganic wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen (250~500 mg/L). In Days 1~30, the breakage of a large number of granules and the significant decrease of sludge concentration were observed in the four reactors. After the addition of AGS on Day 31, AGS with small particle size gradually dominated and maintained its stability in R1, and the coexistence of biofilm and AGS gradually realized in R3. However, the continuous granular disintegration process was repeated again in R3 and R4. R1 demonstrated the removal efficiencies of approximately 48% and 99% for total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) and ammonia nitrogen, respectively. The attached growth of biofilm on stereohollow packing media in R2 was successfully achieved within 30 days. However, its nitrogen removal performance fluctuated greatly, and the reactor eventually demonstrated the removal efficiencies of approximately 49% and 99% for TIN and ammonia nitrogen, respectively. The attached growth of biofilm on polyurethane sponge packing media in R3 was successfully realized within 7 days. The reactor showed good impact load resistance, and the removal efficiencies of TIN and ammonia nitrogen were approximately 52% and 99%, respectively. In R4, the attached growth of biofilm on stereohollow packing media was completed within 40 days, while the attached growth of biofilm on polyurethane sponge packing media was successfully achieved within 10 days. Its nitrogen removal performance was unstable, and the removal efficiencies of TIN and ammonia nitrogen were approximately 40% and 99%, respectively.

Published
2024
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34. Retraction Note to: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Financial Innovation and Economic Development (ICFIED 2023)

Author

Jiang, Yushi, Li, Guangming, Li, Wilson Xinbao, Appolloni, Andrea, Series Editor, Caracciolo, Francesco, Series Editor, Ding, Zhuoqi, Series Editor, Gogas, Periklis, Series Editor, Huang, Gordon, Series Editor, Nartea, Gilbert, Series Editor, Ngo, Thanh, Series Editor, Striełkowski, Wadim, Series Editor, Jiang, Yushi, editor, Li, Guangming, editor, and Li, Wilson Xinbao, editor

Published
2023
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35. Application of the Bookmark method: setting standard for the ninth-grade mathematics achievement test in China

Author

Li, Guangming and Wu, Yuelin

Subjects
Standards, Academic achievement -- Standards, Mathematics education -- Standards, Mathematics -- Study and teaching
Abstract

Author(s): Guangming Li [sup.1] , Yuelin Wu [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) https://ror.org/01kq0pv72, grid.263785.d, 0000 0004 0368 7397, School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, Guangdong Key Laboratory of [...], The purpose of this paper is to apply the Bookmark method to the standard setting. Based on the Rasch Model in item response theory, a ninth-grade mathematics achievement test in china has been taken as an example of the standard setting, and 2 cut scores have been established to distinguish students into different performance levels eventually, namely basic and proficient cut scores. In addition, based on the use of generalizability theory, the standard error of the cut scores and the practical standard error are used as indicators to explore the effect that panelists and the standard setting rounds have made on the precision of Bookmark standard setting results through a mixed design of (p: g) x r. Result shows that the cut scores of basic and proficient were respectively 52.25 and 67.53. Besides, increasing the number of panelists in the group or standard setting rounds will reduce the standard error of the cut scores and the practical standard error. In addition, practical standard error is a necessary reference index when applying generalizability theory to analyze the cut scores established by Bookmark method, while the standard error of cut scores also has a great reference value.

Published
2023
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40. Alfosbuvir plus Daclatasvir for Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection in China

Author

Hua, Rui, Kong, Fei, Li, Guangming, Wen, Xiaofeng, Zhang, Yuexin, Yang, Xingxiang, Meng, Chenxin, Xie, Wen, Jiang, Yongfang, Wang, Xiaozhong, Han, Xueji, Huang, Yan, Mao, Qing, Wang, Jiefei, Guan, Yujuan, Chen, Jiayu, Ma, Yingjie, Xiong, Qingfang, Ma, Hong, Yan, Xuebing, Rao, Huiying, Zhao, Yingren, Sun, Tong, Zhu, Liying, Mao, Xiaorong, Lian, Jianqi, Deng, Guojiong, Xin, Yongning, Wang, Yifei, Ye, Yinong, Xu, Bin, Gao, Hainv, Tan, Youwen, Li, Dongliang, Yang, Dongliang, Su, Minghua, Zhang, Xiaomeng, Min, Jie, Shi, Xinsheng, Wei, Lai, and Niu, Junqi

Published
2023
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48. Peer-Review Statements

Author

Jiang, Yushi, Li, Guangming, Li, Wilson Xinbao, Appolloni, Andrea, Series Editor, Caracciolo, Francesco, Series Editor, Ding, Zhuoqi, Series Editor, Gogas, Periklis, Series Editor, Huang, Gordon, Series Editor, Nartea, Gilbert, Series Editor, Ngo, Thanh, Series Editor, Striełkowski, Wadim, Series Editor, Jiang, Yushi, editor, Li, Guangming, editor, and Li, Wilson Xinbao, editor

Published
2023
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50. Research on Output Characteristics of Transverse Photovoltaic Modules Under Shading

Author

Li, Guangming, Li, Aijing, Luan, Shilin, Zhang, Qilong, Liu, Long, Zhang, Yegui, Angrisani, Leopoldo, Series Editor, Arteaga, Marco, Series Editor, Panigrahi, Bijaya Ketan, Series Editor, Chakraborty, Samarjit, Series Editor, Chen, Jiming, Series Editor, Chen, Shanben, Series Editor, Chen, Tan Kay, Series Editor, Dillmann, Rüdiger, Series Editor, Ferrari, Gianluigi, Series Editor, Duan, Haibin, Series Editor, Ferre, Manuel, Series Editor, Hirche, Sandra, Series Editor, Jabbari, Faryar, Series Editor, Jia, Limin, Series Editor, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Khamis, Alaa, Series Editor, Kroeger, Torsten, Series Editor, Li, Yong, Series Editor, Liang, Qilian, Series Editor, Martín, Ferran, Series Editor, Ming, Tan Cher, Series Editor, Minker, Wolfgang, Series Editor, Misra, Pradeep, Series Editor, Möller, Sebastian, Series Editor, Mukhopadhyay, Subhas, Series Editor, Ning, Cun-Zheng, Series Editor, Nishida, Toyoaki, Series Editor, Oneto, Luca, Series Editor, Pascucci, Federica, Series Editor, Qin, Yong, Series Editor, Seng, Gan Woon, Series Editor, Speidel, Joachim, Series Editor, Veiga, Germano, Series Editor, Wu, Haitao, Series Editor, Zamboni, Walter, Series Editor, Zhang, Junjie James, Series Editor, Cao, Wenping, editor, Hu, Cungang, editor, and Chen, Xiangping, editor

Published
2023
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