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Aims: Insulin resistance (IR) is an important risk factor for obesity and cardiometabolic diseases, and our previous findings have demonstrated that visceral fat area to skeletal muscle mass ratio (VSR) is significantly and positively associated with the risk of cardiometabolic diseases. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between VSR and multiorgan IR, provide a new approach to improve body composition, and set the basis for VSR to increase the incidence of cardiometabolic diseases. Materials and Methods: The study included 398 patients who underwent anthropometric and biochemical measurements, and body composition assessment. Spearman correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation between VSR and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) as well as multiorgan IR, including homeostasis model assessment adiponectin (HOMA‐AD), adipose tissue insulin resistance (ADIPO‐IR), and hepatic insulin sensitivity (HISI). The new model that incorporated into the present study is made up of easily measured biochemical indicators and is used to predict IR. Logistic regression was used to analyze the odds ratio (OR) of VSR on the risk of multiorgan IR. The predictive value of VSR for HOMA‐IR and new model was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: VSR was significantly associated with HOMA‐IR, HOMA‐AD, ADIPO‐IR, 1/HISI, and new model (p < 0.001). With the increase of VSR, the OR increased significantly for HOMA‐IR and new model (p < 0.001). Then, multiorgan IR indicators were quantified, compared to the lowest quartile group, and increased VSR exacerbated the risk of IR in the highest quartile (ptrend < 0.001). The area under the curve for predicting IR using VSR for HOMA‐IR and new model was 0.88 for men, 0.85 for women and 0.73 for men, 0.76 for women, respectively. Conclusions: There was significant correlation between VSR and multiorgan IR, and the risk of multiorgan IR increased with increasing VSR. Trial Registration: Clinical Trial Registry identifier: ChiCTR2100044305. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is a key feature of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and an independent risk factor for metabolic syndrome. Previous studies have linked elevated serum uric acid (SUA) to an increased risk of T2D. Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between SUA and IR. At the same time, the correlation between New model and SUA compared with other IR alternatives was compared, so as to provide a simple and effective new indicator for early detection and prediction of IR risk and early prevention of T2D. Methods: The first cohort was the Discovery Cohort, which included 318 obese patients. And the second cohort was the Verification Cohort, which included a total of 4333 subjects who underwent a routine health checkup at our hospital. Spearman correlation analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were used to discuss the correlation between SUA and IR. Results: Regardless of sex, fasting insulin (FINS) and IR replacement markers increased with SUA (P< 0.001). In both cohorts, SUA was associated with IR alternatives, especially with New model, and differed between men and women in all correlation analyses. After adjusting for confounding factors, SUA was still associated with IR (P< 0.001). Conclusion: The correlation between SUA and IR was significantly stronger in women than in men. And the correlation between SUA and New model is stronger than other IR replacement models. However, the causal relationship between SUA and IR has not been clearly established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Granite residual soil is widely distributed in Southeastern China. Such soils exhibit mechanical characteristics such as loose, rich cracks and easy disintegration, resulting in severe soil erosion disasters under rainfall conditions. Microbial-induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) is a green alternative for soil stabilization. In this study, a new strategy for the disintegration control of granite residual soil using MICP technology is proposed. The effects of the bacterial solution concentration, the cementation solution concentration, and the treatment cycle are investigated through a disintegration test. The optimal treatment parameters for granite residual soil using MICP technology are determined by analyzing the disintegration processes and residual quality indicators of disintegration. The results show that the treated samples have three types of disintegration: complete disintegration, incomplete disintegration, and non-disintegration. The precipitated calcium carbonate (CaCO3) bonds the soil particles and fills the pores. Taking into account the effectiveness and cost and a bacterial solution concentration OD600 = 0.75, five cycles of MICP treatment with a cementation solution concentration of 1.2 mol/L is optimal for the disintegration control of granite residual soil. The cementation-action effects of CaCO3 are verified through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) tests with an energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscope. These findings suggest that MICP is a promising candidate to control the disintegration of granite residual soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Visceral adiposity and skeletal muscle loss may be positively correlated with cardiometabolic outcomes. This study aimed to explore the associations between the visceral fat area to skeletal muscle mass ratio (VSR) and the risk of cardiometabolic diseases in a Chinese natural population. Materials and Methods: A total of 5158 participants were included in this study. Body composition, anthropometrical, and biochemical measurements were performed. Body composition was assessed via the direct segmental multi‐frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis method. The associations between VSR and metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), hyperglycemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and hyperuricemia were analysed. Results: With the increase of VSR by one quartile, the odds ratio (OR) increased significantly for all five cardiometabolic diseases in both genders (ptrend < 0.001). With regard to the highest versus the lowest quartile of VSR, the ORs for cardiometabolic diseases were significantly higher in women than in men. Restricted cubic splines showed that there were significant non‐linear relationships between VSR and the risk of MAFLD, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension in both genders (p for non‐linearity <0.05). The risk was relatively flat until VSR reached 3.078 cm2/kg in men and 4.750 cm2/kg in women and started to increase rapidly afterwards. In men, however, the risk slowed down after the VSR value reached around 4 cm2/kg. Conclusions: VSR was positively associated with cardiometabolic diseases regardless of gender. As VSR increased, the risk of cardiometabolic diseases was significantly higher in women than in men. Trial Registration: www.chictr.org.cn (Registration number: ChiCTR2100044305). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]