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To improve the efficiency of femtosecond laser direct writing, holographic femtosecond laser patterning using spatial light modulators has been widely used for the processing of micro/nanopatterns. However, the speckle noise of modulated optical fields severely limits the quality of fabricated patterns. We present a simple and effective method which involves interlacing a target pattern into a series of target subpatterns that consist of spaced spots to solve this problem. The separation of spots weakens the random interference between adjacent spots of optical fields, so the speckle noise reduces effectively, which improves the uniformity of the modulated optical fields and makes the fabricated patterns with high quality. With optimal interlacing numbers, complex micropattern arrays containing curved edges and sophisticated structures can be fabricated with superior quality and high efficiency. Binary holograms with improved optical characterization are realized by using the interlacing-pattern method, revealing the extensive potential of this method in micropattern processing and functional device fabrication with high quality and efficiency.

During the operation of space gravitational wave detectors, the constellation configuration formed by three satellites gradually deviates from the ideal 60° angle due to the periodic variations in orbits. To ensure the stability of inter-satellite laser links, active compensation of the breathing angle variation within the constellation plane is achieved by rotating the optical subassembly through the telescope pointing mechanism. This paper proposes a high-performance robust composite control method designed to enhance the robust stability, disturbance rejection, and tracking performance of the telescope pointing system. Specifically, based on the dynamic model of the telescope pointing mechanism and the disturbance noise model, an H∞ controller has been designed to ensure system stability and disturbance rejection capabilities. Meanwhile, employing the method of an H∞ norm optimized disturbance observer (HODOB) enhances the nonlinear friction rejection ability of the telescope pointing system. The simulation results indicate that, compared to the traditional disturbance observer (DOB) design, utilizing the HODOB method can enhance the tracking accuracy and pointing stability of the telescope pointing system by an order of magnitude. Furthermore, the proposed composite control method improves the overall system performance, ensuring that the stability of the telescope pointing system meets the 10 nrad/Hz1/2 @0.1 mHz~1 Hz requirement specified for the TianQin mission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cucumber is an economically important vegetable crop, and the warts (composed of spines and Tubercules) of cucumber fruit are an important quality trait that influences its commercial value. WOX transcription factors are known to have pivotal roles in regulating various aspects of plant growth and development, but their studies in cucumber are limited. Here, genome-wide identification of cucumber WOX genes was performed using the pan-genome analysis of 12 cucumber varieties. Our findings revealed diverse CsWOX genes in different cucumber varieties, with variations observed in protein sequences and lengths, gene structure, and conserved protein domains, possibly resulting from the divergent evolution of CsWOX genes as they adapt to diverse cultivation and environmental conditions. Expression profiles of the CsWOX genes demonstrated that CsWOX9 was significantly expressed in unexpanded ovaries, especially in the epidermis. Additionally, analysis of the CsWOX9 promoter revealed two binding sites for the C2H2 zinc finger protein. We successfully executed a yeast one-hybrid assay (Y1H) and a dual-luciferase (LUC) transaction assay to demonstrate that CsWOX9 can be transcriptionally activated by the C2H2 zinc finger protein Tu, which is crucial for fruit Tubercule formation in cucumber. Overall, our results indicated that CsWOX9 is a key component of the molecular network that regulates wart formation in cucumber fruits, and provide further insight into the function of CsWOX genes in cucumber. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new octamolybdate based organic–inorganic hybrid compound with unusual Ag–Ag chain, [Ag2(bit)2]2[Mo8O26], was successfully synthesized and well characterized. [Ag2(bit)2]2[Mo8O26] as colorimetric sensor materials for l-cysteine (l-Cys) were investigated for the first time. Similar to other type polyoxometalates (POMs), [Ag2(bit)2]2[Mo8O26] exhibits the good peroxidase-like activity attributed to the nature of [Mo8O26]4−, indicating that the polyoxomolybdate based hybrid materials can perform colorimetric sensing to detection biomolecule such as l-Cys. Moreover, to improve the peroxidase-like activity, [Ag2(bit)2]2[Mo8O26]/PPy nanocomposite was also fabricated, and [Ag2(bit)2]2[Mo8O26]/PPy based colorimetric sensing towards l-Cys exhibits the limit of detection of 0.22 μM in the linear range of 1–100 μM, being superior than most reported nanozyme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of congenital heart defects and examine their association with preeclampsia (PE).Methods: A clinical-based, retrospective study was conducted in Shenzhen between 2004 and 2017. Data were collected from Shenzhen Maternal and Child Health Hospital Medical Record Database. This study included all infants who were born at the hospital with or without heart defects and their mothers (N = 177,434 newborns). Data processing and analysis were performed by SPSS23.0 (Chicago, IL, USA).Results: 6,852 women (3.9%) were diagnosed as PE and 1,289 newborns (7.30 per 1,000) have congenital heart disease (CHD). Prevalence of CHD in newborns of women with PE is 15.8 per 1,000 significantly higher than the overall prevalence (7.30 per 1,000). CHD in newborns has strong association with PE, especially early-onset PE (adjusted OR 3.29 and 95% CI 2.15-5.03) and severe PE (adjusted OR 2.75 and 95% CI 2.13-3.56). Among those with CHD, infants of preeclamptic women had higher prevalence of tetralogy of Fallot (43.78 vs. 28.14 per 100,000), atrial septal defect (335.67 vs. 53.93 per 100,000), ventricular dysplasia (102.16 vs. 89.69 per 100,000), and ventricular septal defect (525.39 vs. 212.22 per 100,000) than pregnant women with non-PE.Conclusion: PE, especially early-onset PE and severe PE, is strongly associated with offspring CHD. Our results help advance the current understanding of the association between PE and offspring CHD. So preventing PE and reducing PE may have a beneficial effect on the offspring CHD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]