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1. Supravalvular Aortic Stenosis

Author

Schachner A, Morris J. Levy, and Levinsky L

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Internal medicine, medicine, Genetic disorder, Cardiology, Williams syndrome, medicine.disease, business, Supravalvular aortic stenosis, humanities
Abstract

Supravalvular aortic stenosis is rare and may occur sporadically (most common) or be inherited or related to a genetic disorder such as Williams syndrome [1]. See Table 16.1 for historical background.

Published
2018
Full Text
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5. Saxagliptin and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Author

Scirica, B, Bhatt, D, Braunwald, E, Steg, P, Davidson, J, Hirshberg, B, Ohman, P, Frederich, R, Wiviott, S, Hoffman, E, Cavender, M, Udell, J, Desai, N, Mosenzon, O, Mcguire, D, Ray, K, Leiter, L, Raz, I, Abrahamsen, T, Grossman, M, Morin, S, Im, K, Gabovitch, D, Pricken, A, Buskila, A, Stahre, C, Price, D, Billing-Clason, S, Sabel, K, Monyak, J, Sjostrand, M, Wei, C, Lu, J, Miller, E, Raichlen, J, Fitt, S, Iqbal, N, Donovan, M, Aguilar-Salinas, C, Alvarsson, M, Amerena, J, Ardissino, D, Averkov, O, Avogaro, A, Barnett, A, Bretzel, R, Chiang, C, Codoceo, V, Corbalan, R, Dalby, A, Darius, H, Deerochanawong, C, Dellborg, M, Eliaschewitz, F, Garcia-Castillo, A, Gomis, R, Henry, P, Hoekstra, J, Jermendy, G, Kastelein, J, Keech, A, Kiss, R, Krempf, M, Laakso, M, Leitersdorf, E, Lewis, B, Litwak, L, Lopez-Sendon, J, Ma, R, Medina, F, Moses, R, Nicolau, J, Opolski, G, Ophuis, T, Paolasso, E, Ruda, M, Kumar, K, Shestakova, M, Sheu, W, Smahelova, A, Bhupathiraju, B, Spinar, J, Sritata, P, Strojeck, K, Villena-Chavez, J, Jia, W, Huo, Y, Lowe, C, Awtry, E, Berger, C, Desai, A, Gelfand, E, Leeman, D, Link, M, Ruberg, F, Vita, J, Rost, N, Silverman, S, Greenberger, N, Lerch, M, Gersh, B, Nesto, R, Del Prato, S, Tuomilehto, J, Kelsey, S, Alvarisqueta, A, Cuadrado, J, Rista, L, Hermida, S, Baccaro, C, Luquez, C, Lagrutta, M, Maffei, L, Bartolacci, I, Montana, O, Cutuli, H, Berli, M, Lorenzatti, A, Frechtel, G, La Greca, R, Fretes, O, Diaz, M, Papini, N, Farias, E, Issa, C, Elbert, A, Lehman, R, Arya, M, Singh, B, Colquhoun, D, Jayasinghe, R, de Looze, F, Blombery, P, Ward, G, Szto, G, Abhayaratna, W, Borges, J, Russo, L, Felicio, J, Santos, F, Guimaraes, F, Castro, M, Rossi, P, Armaganijan, D, Leaes, P, Bandeira, F, Franken, M, Rassi, N, Rea, R, Zanella, M, Amodeo, C, Cesar, L, Betti, R, Chacra, A, Schmid, H, Bell, A, Syan, G, Zadra, R, Conter, H, Dumas, R, Borts, D, Dattani, I, Poirier, P, Cha, J, Dzongowski, P, Labonte, R, St Pierre, B, Gaudet, D, Kouz, S, Lamy, A, Tishler, S, Chehayeb, R, Bedard, J, Hramiak, I, Teitelbaum, I, Fortin, C, Woo, V, Conway, J, Mehta, P, Robinson, S, Sussex, B, Chiasson, J, Muirhead, N, Bose, S, Ouellet, A, Yale, J, Bhargava, R, Lau, D, Tobe, S, Perron, P, Sigalas, J, Bilodeau, L, Tytus, R, Achyuthan, G, Pearce, M, Steele, A, Bailey, G, Ma, P, St-Maurice, F, Rupka, D, Houlden, R, Bailey, A, Rewa, G, Sohal, P, Ting, R, Prieto, J, Rodriguez, M, Godoy, G, Larenas, G, Pincetti, C, Cobos, L, Saavedra, V, Varleta, P, Lucero, F, Kuzmanic, O, Acevedo, M, Aguirre, M, Florenzano, F, Ma, J, Bao, Y, Jiang, M, Xu, W, Shi, Y, Zheng, M, Li, Y, Dong, Y, Zhao, W, Sun, M, Lei, M, Wang, J, Pistek, Z, Rihacek, I, Kucera, D, Brada, M, Naplava, R, Karasova, J, Vlasicova, H, Skopecek, J, Spinarova, L, Raclavska, L, Sarbochova, R, Okenka, L, Racicka, E, Urbancova, K, Oznerova, M, Lorenc, Z, Wasserburger, B, Zahumensky, E, Grunfeldova, H, Hradec, J, Lukac, M, Svacina, S, Podzimek, J, Hemzsky, L, Mikulkova, I, Pavlickova, J, Brychta, T, Chochola, J, Couffinhal, T, Elbaz, M, Petit, C, Faller, B, Marechaud, R, Moulin, P, Fendri, S, Nazeyrollas, P, Wendisch, U, Busch, K, Klausmann, G, Duengen, H, Appel, K, Toursarkissian, N, Jung, T, Ott, P, Schenkenberger, I, Kuesters, D, Landers, B, Nischik, R, Fischer, H, Tschoepe, D, Paschen, B, Krause, K, Derwahl, K, Wenzl-Bauer, V, Hamann, A, Strotmann, H, Milek, K, Mueller, S, Chu, D, Tan, K, Kung, K, Tsang, C, Tomlinson, B, Koranyi, L, Kerenyi, Z, Benczur, B, Illyes, L, Hidvegi, T, Somogyi, A, Valco, J, Ferenczi, S, Rapi, J, Voros, P, Winkler, G, Sydo, T, Hetey, M, Simon, K, Penzes, J, Kempler, P, Bako, B, Lengyel, Z, Witmann, I, Dudas, M, Vandorfi, G, Takacs, J, Matoltsy, A, Ladanyi, E, Gyimesi, A, Sadikot, S, Parikh, K, Jain, S, Yajnik, C, Sosale, A, Shamanna, P, Srikanta, S, Shah, S, Srinivas, A, Banker, D, Shah, P, Sharda, A, Makkar, B, Rais, N, Mardikar, H, Mishra, A, Bhupati, S, Menon, J, Sathe, S, Gupta, R, Sharma, V, Darawsha, M, Herskovits, T, Hamoud, S, Nikolsky, E, Adawi, F, Zimlichman, R, Tsalihin, D, Wainstein, J, Klainman, E, Mosseri, M, Yerushalmi, Y, Karnieli, E, Knobler, H, Benchetrit, S, Tsur, A, Yagil, Y, Atar, S, Beberashvili, I, Fuchs, S, Stern, N, Pollak, A, Chajek-Shaul, T, Rozenman, Y, Biton, A, Bramucci, E, Fiscella, A, Grassia, V, Piatti, P, De Cosmo, S, Di Lorenzo, L, Merlini, P, Mannucci, E, Frontoni, S, Trevisan, R, Zenari, L, Lambiase, C, Salvioni, A, Silvestri, O, Ambrosio, G, Di Bartolo, P, Fattore, L, Presbitero, P, Calabrese, M, Evola, R, Gamba, M, Ibarra, M, Munoz, E, Sanchez, D, Herrera, C, Rios, J, Llamas, E, Esperon, G, Cantu, E, Fragoso, J, Gonzalez, J, Martinez, G, Padilla, F, Mier, G, Marmolejo, D, Ruiz, J, Portilla, N, Rosas, E, Machado, G, Ramos, J, Briones, I, van Hessen, M, Strikwerda, S, The, S, Kooy, A, Ronner, E, Nierop, P, Remmen, J, Groenemeijer, B, Hamer, B, Basart, D, van Lennep, H, Nieuwdorp, M, van Dijk, M, Kentgens, S, van Kempen, W, Hoogendijk, J, Spiering, W, Voors-Pette, C, Kose, V, de Waard, D, Gonkel, F, Kaasjager, H, Lingan, G, Agous, I, Kruik, H, Imholz, B, Pieterse, M, Manrique, H, Villena, J, Leon, L, Kundert, K, Minchola, J, Pinto, M, Heredia, J, Rodriguez, A, Guerreros, C, Berrospi, P, Zubiate, C, Allemant, A, Arbanil, H, Ponciano, W, Calderon, J, Lisson, R, Segura, L, Sidorowicz-Bialynicka, A, Sciborski, R, Fares, I, Mader, P, Skierkowska, J, Stasinska, T, Pomiecko, W, Skorski, M, Krzyzagorska, E, Polaszewska-Muszynska, M, Sowinski, D, Strojek, K, Rosinska-Migda, J, Romanczuk, P, Golebiowski, G, Kubica, J, Mazurek, T, Wojnowski, L, Pasternak, D, Stachlewski, P, Trzepla, E, Bogdanowicz, G, Uzunow, A, Potakowska, I, Miszczyszyn, Z, Waszyrowski, T, Smolenskaya, O, Lukyanov, Y, Vorokhobina, N, Khalimov, Y, Orlikova, O, Rebrov, A, Kukharchuk, V, Boldueva, S, Arkhipov, M, Zhelninova, T, Pavlysh, E, Antsiferov, M, Panov, A, Pavlova, M, Shustov, S, Demchenko, E, Galyavich, A, Malakhina, E, Semenova, O, Kobalava, Z, Kotova, S, Gavrisheva, I, Oschepkova, E, Karpov, Y, Sidorenko, B, Kislyak, O, Ametov, A, Dreval, A, Grineva, E, Mkrtumyan, A, Tyurina, T, Sazonova, O, Bonnici, F, Ranjith, N, Burgess, L, Nortje, H, Distiller, L, Mitha, I, Moore, R, Conradie, M, Horak, A, Pillay, S, Wellmann, H, Berg, E, Pillai, P, Padayachee, T, Corbett, C, Makan, H, Wing, J, Vawda, Z, Ebrahim, I, Mitha, E, Bhorat, A, Fernandez, J, Munoz, C, Cortada, J, Conde, A, Calvo, C, Extremera, B, Delgado, E, Masmiquel, L, Puig, J, Parreno, L, Mauricio, D, Redon, J, Brito, M, Lopez, C, de la Morera, J, Linderfalk, C, Larnefeldt, H, Olsson, A, Lonneborg, L, Ekelund, M, Samad, B, Borgencrantz, B, Nilsson, J, Berglund, O, Svensson, M, Mooe, T, Curiac, D, Albin, J, Angesjo, E, Lannemyr, O, Chen, J, Tien, K, Ueng, K, Lai, W, Yin, W, Hung, Y, Shyu, K, Hou, J, Lam, H, Laothavorn, P, Kuanprasert, S, Khovidhunkit, W, Benjasuratwong, Y, Chotinaiwattarakul, C, Mamanasiri, S, Suraamornkul, S, Pratipanawatr, T, Nitiyanant, W, Heller, S, Pieters, R, Strang, C, Bodalia, B, Middleton, A, Hall, T, Chapman, G, Calvert, J, Reed, R, Tam, D, Butcher, G, Jones, N, Takhar, A, Turner, W, Mcnally, D, Corey, O, Chapman, J, Mohr, S, Edwards, S, Ocampo, A, Kandath, D, Aude, Y, Ervin, W, Savin, V, Anderson, R, Littlefield, R, Oberoi, M, Platt, G, Yazdani, S, Mangoo-Karim, R, Walder, J, Gogia, H, Chandrashekhar, Y, Boccalandro, F, Rogers, W, Bilazarian, S, Zieve, F, Siage, Y, O'Connor, T, Mudaliar, S, Nikas, A, Giusti, R, Glover, R, Chilka, S, French, W, Roth, E, Singh, N, Christofferson, R, Stich, M, Dagogo-Jack, S, Allison, J, Zengotita, G, Ison, R, Iteld, B, Sulistio, M, Gonzalez, E, Gorman, T, Hage-Korban, E, Reddy, R, Byars, W, Antonishen, M, Benjamin, S, First, B, Rosado, J, Bruschetta, H, Poling, T, Rosendorff, C, Kerstein, H, Saba, F, Willis, J, Adams, K, Vazquez, E, Ellison, H, Kahn, B, Kereiakes, D, Powell, S, Raskin, P, Smith, K, Varma, S, Whittier, F, Casanova, R, Isserman, S, Kaye, W, Mcguinn, W, Bartkowiak, A, Dworkin, L, Labrador, C, Podlecki, D, Popovtzer, M, Aronoff, S, Ballantyne, C, Ortiz, E, Mora, A, Pitts, T, Reinhardt, S, Soucie, G, Wainwright, W, Henson, B, Sklaver, N, Arakaki, R, Brown, J, Chalavarya, G, Chochinov, R, Dixon, T, Kutner, M, Perlman, R, Raisinghani, A, Salacata, A, Awasty, V, Elinoff, V, George, W, LaRochelle-Gryseels, A, Mercado, A, Miller, G, Qureshi, M, Steljes, A, Wefald, F, Wilson, J, Chinn, J, Chuang, R, Comulada-Rivera, A, Hartman, I, Narayan, P, Pacheco, T, Weiss, R, Beavins, J, Creevy, J, Hamroff, G, Hodson, R, Kosinski, E, Krichmar, P, Patel, R, Schneider, R, Shapiro, J, Sharp, D, Speer, J, Stegemoller, R, Waxman, F, Chang, F, Braun, E, Eder, F, Minor, S, Albert, M, Carr, K, Diaczok, B, Gastman, I, Gupta, V, Longshaw, K, Gonzalez-Campoy, J, Raikhel, M, Thomas, J, Wood, K, Diab, I, Furda, J, Gelernt, M, Halter, M, House, B, Kaster, S, Raad, G, Stamatin, R, Barker, B, Blonder, R, Bloomberg, R, Calderon, R, Carrol, A, Comerota, A, Feinglos, M, Henderson, D, Kastelic, R, Stonesifer, L, Talano, J, Lee, P, Brosseau, J, Clark, W, Cohen, E, Fialkow, J, Horton, K, Kozman, H, Mcgill, J, Mihills, C, Poonawala, R, Shore, K, Tejada, L, Torres, R, Wright, W, Calatayud, G, Chandna, H, Drozdiak, R, Fink, R, Gill, R, Glandt, M, Gottlieb, D, Hack, T, Kay, J, Mansouri, V, Mcknight, T, Mostel, E, Schmidt, L, Seide, H, Sonel, E, Taylor, R, Velasquez, M, Bretton, E, Feldman, R, Hartman, A, Hershon, K, Leach, C, Martin, E, Mohiuddin, F, Naygandhi, Y, Riske, T, Schima, S, Uzoaga, E, Ward, H, Weinstock, R, Williams, T, Altschuller, A, Aoki, T, Blumenthal, S, Cash, A, Eisner, G, Gutmann, J, Hagan, M, Kabour, A, Markus, T, Mckenzie, W, Moursi, M, Mystkowski, P, Ovalle, F, Perkins, R, Popeil, L, Saniuk, R, Sierra, Y, Alvarado, O, Anderson, J, Bajaj, M, Blank, R, Chu, A, Levinsky, L, Levy, P, Osborne, J, Pavon, H, Sanderlin, D, Schaer, G, Zarich, S, Atassi, K, Bayron, C, Casagrande, M, Das, D, Gimness, M, Handel, F, Kinstrey, T, Leu, S, Osei, K, Nouel, J, Soltani, Z, Sussman, H, Chiu, K, Duda, R, Farnsworth, K, Lano, M, Lee, F, Levin, P, Pratt, S, Richwine, R, Ruiz-Rivera, L, Turner, J, Wood, J, Zigrang, W, Baquerizo, H, Colon, C, Demattia, J, Desai, V, Fitz-Patrick, D, Goral, S, Odhav, A, Prentiss, A, Ruff, C, Wu, W, Wyne, K, Abbott, L, Applegate, R, Cabral, J, Kotha, P, Ortega, P, Simmons, D, Scirica BM, Bhatt DL, Braunwald E, Steg PG, Davidson J, Hirshberg B, Ohman P, Frederich R, Wiviott SD, Hoffman EB, Cavender MA, Udell JA, Desai NR, Mosenzon O, McGuire DK, Ray KK, Leiter LA, Raz I, Desai N, Abrahamsen T, Grossman M, Morin S, Im K, Hoffman E, Gabovitch D, Pricken A, Buskila A, Stahre C, Price D, Billing-Clason S, Sabel K, Monyak J, Sjostrand M, Wei C, Lu J, Miller E, Raichlen J, Fitt S, Iqbal N, Donovan M, Davidson JA, Aguilar-Salinas C, Alvarsson M, Amerena J, Ardissino D, Averkov O, Avogaro A, Barnett A, Bretzel R, Chiang CE, Codoceo V, Corbalan R, Dalby A, Darius H, Deerochanawong C, Dellborg M, Eliaschewitz F, Garcia-Castillo A, Gomis R, Henry P, Hoekstra J, Jermendy G, Kastelein J, Keech A, Kiss R, Krempf M, Laakso M, Leiter L, Leitersdorf E, Lewis B, Litwak L, Lopez-Sendon J, Ma R, McGuire D, Medina F, Moses R, Nicolau JC, Opolski G, Ophuis TO, Paolasso E, Ruda M, Kumar KMP, Shestakova M, Sheu WHH, Smahelova A, Bhupathiraju BSR, Spinar J, Sritata P, Strojeck K, Villena-Chavez JE, Jia WP, Huo Y, Lowe C, Awtry E, Berger C, Desai AS, Gelfand E, Leeman D, Link M, Ruberg F, Vita J, Rost N, Silverman S, Greenberger NJ, Lerch MM, Gersh B, Nesto R, Del Prato S, Tuomilehto J, Kelsey S, Alvarisqueta A, Cuadrado J, Rista L, Hermida S, Baccaro C, Luquez C, Lagrutta M, Maffei L, Bartolacci I, Montana O, Cutuli H, Berli M, Lorenzatti A, Frechtel G, La Greca R, Fretes O, Diaz M, Papini NR, Farias E, Issa C, Elbert A, Lehman R, Arya M, Singh B, Colquhoun D, Jayasinghe R, de Looze F, Blombery P, Ward G, Szto G, Abhayaratna W, Borges J, Russo L, Felicio J, Santos F, Guimaraes F, Castro ML, Rossi P, Armaganijan D, Leaes P, Bandeira F, Franken M, Rassi N, Rea R, Zanella M, Amodeo C, Cesar L, Betti R, Chacra A, Schmid H, Bell A, Syan G, Zadra R, Conter H, Dumas R, Borts D, Dattani I, Poirier P, Cha J, Dzongowski P, Labonte R, St Pierre B, Gaudet D, Kouz S, Lamy A, Tishler S, Chehayeb R, Bedard J, Hramiak I, Teitelbaum I, Fortin C, Woo V, Conway J, Mehta P, Robinson S, Sussex B, Chiasson J, Muirhead N, Bose S, Ouellet A, Yale J, Bhargava R, Lau D, Tobe S, Perron P, Sigalas J, Bilodeau L, Tytus R, Achyuthan G, Pearce M, Steele A, Bailey G, Ma P, St-Maurice F, Rupka D, Houlden R, Bailey A, Rewa G, Sohal P, Ting R, Prieto J, Rodriguez M, Godoy G, Larenas G, Pincetti C, Cobos L, Saavedra V, Varleta P, Lucero F, Kuzmanic O, Acevedo M, Aguirre M, Florenzano F, Ma J, Bao Y, Jiang M, Xu W, Shi Y, Zheng M, Li Y, Dong Y, Zhao W, Sun M, Lei M, Wang J, Pistek Z, Rihacek I, Kucera D, Brada M, Naplava R, Karasova J, Vlasicova H, Skopecek J, Spinarova L, Raclavska L, Sarbochova R, Okenka L, Racicka E, Urbancova K, Oznerova M, Lorenc Z, Wasserburger B, Zahumensky E, Grunfeldova H, Hradec J, Lukac M, Svacina S, Podzimek J, Hemzsky L, Mikulkova I, Pavlickova J, Brychta T, Chochola J, Couffinhal T, Elbaz M, Petit C, Faller B, Marechaud R, Moulin P, Fendri S, Nazeyrollas P, Wendisch U, Busch K, Klausmann G, Duengen H, Appel K, Toursarkissian N, Jung T, Ott P, Schenkenberger I, Kuesters D, Landers B, Nischik R, Fischer H, Tschoepe D, Paschen B, Krause K, Derwahl K, Wenzl-Bauer V, Hamann A, Strotmann H, Milek K, Mueller S, Chu D, Tan K, Kung K, Tsang C, Tomlinson B, Koranyi L, Kerenyi Z, Benczur B, Illyes L, Hidvegi T, Somogyi A, Valco J, Ferenczi S, Rapi J, Voros P, Winkler G, Sydo T, Hetey M, Simon K, Penzes J, Kempler P, Bako B, Lengyel Z, Witmann I, Dudas M, Vandorfi G, Takacs J, Matoltsy A, Ladanyi E, Gyimesi A, Sadikot S, Parikh K, Jain S, Yajnik C, Sosale A, Shamanna P, Srikanta S, Shah S, Srinivas A, Banker D, Shah P, Sharda A, Makkar B, Rais N, Mardikar H, Mishra A, Bhupati S, Menon J, Sathe S, Gupta R, Sharma V, Darawsha M, Herskovits T, Hamoud S, Nikolsky E, Adawi F, Zimlichman R, Tsalihin D, Wainstein J, Klainman E, Mosseri M, Yerushalmi Y, Karnieli E, Knobler H, Benchetrit S, Tsur A, Yagil Y, Atar S, Beberashvili I, Fuchs S, Stern N, Pollak A, Chajek-Shaul T, Rozenman Y, Biton A, Bramucci E, Fiscella A, Grassia V, Piatti P, De Cosmo S, Di Lorenzo L, Merlini P, Mannucci E, Frontoni S, Trevisan R, Zenari L, Lambiase C, Salvioni A, Silvestri O, Ambrosio G, Di Bartolo P, Fattore L, Presbitero P, Calabrese M, Evola R, Gamba MA, Ibarra MOD, Munoz EC, Sanchez DR, Herrera CH, Rios JP, Llamas EB, Esperon GL, Cantu EG, Fragoso JN, Gonzalez JG, Martinez GR, Padilla FP, Mier GM, Marmolejo DH, Ruiz JG, Portilla NC, Rosas EL, Machado GM, Ramos JC, Briones IR, van Hessen MWJ, Strikwerda S, The SHK, Kooy A, Ronner E, Nierop PR, Remmen JJ, Groenemeijer BE, Hamer BJB, Basart DCG, van Lennep HWOR, Nieuwdorp M, van Dijk MPM, Kentgens S, van Kempen WW, Hoogendijk J, Spiering W, Voors-Pette C, Kose V, de Waard DEP, Gonkel F, Kaasjager HAH, Lingan GMR, Agous I, Kruik HJ, Imholz BPM, Pieterse M, Manrique H, Villena J, Leon L, Kundert K, Minchola J, Pinto M, Heredia J, Rodriguez A, Guerreros C, Berrospi P, Zubiate C, Allemant A, Arbanil H, Ponciano W, Calderon J, Lisson R, Segura L, Sidorowicz-Bialynicka A, Sciborski R, Fares I, Mader P, Skierkowska J, Stasinska T, Pomiecko W, Skorski M, Krzyzagorska E, Polaszewska-Muszynska M, Sowinski D, Strojek K, Rosinska-Migda J, Romanczuk P, Golebiowski G, Kubica J, Mazurek T, Wojnowski L, Pasternak D, Stachlewski P, Trzepla E, Bogdanowicz G, Uzunow A, Potakowska I, Miszczyszyn Z, Waszyrowski T, Smolenskaya O, Lukyanov Y, Vorokhobina N, Khalimov Y, Orlikova O, Rebrov A, Kukharchuk V, Boldueva S, Arkhipov M, Zhelninova T, Pavlysh E, Antsiferov M, Panov A, Pavlova M, Shustov S, Demchenko E, Galyavich A, Malakhina E, Semenova O, Kobalava Z, Kotova S, Gavrisheva I, Oschepkova E, Karpov Y, Sidorenko B, Kislyak O, Ametov A, Dreval A, Grineva E, Mkrtumyan A, Tyurina T, Sazonova O, Bonnici F, Ranjith N, Burgess L, Nortje H, Distiller L, Mitha I, Moore R, Conradie M, Horak A, Pillay S, Wellmann H, Berg E, Pillai P, Padayachee T, Corbett C, Makan H, Wing J, Vawda Z, Ebrahim I, Mitha E, Bhorat A, Fernandez JC, Munoz C, Cortada JB, Conde AC, Calvo C, Extremera BG, Delgado E, Masmiquel L, Puig JG, Parreno LD, Mauricio D, Redon J, Brito M, Lopez C, de la Morera JS, Linderfalk C, Larnefeldt H, Olsson A, Lonneborg L, Ekelund M, Samad B, Borgencrantz B, Nilsson J, Berglund O, Svensson M, Mooe T, Curiac D, Albin J, Angesjo E, Lannemyr O, Chiang C, Sheu W, Chen J, Tien K, Ueng K, Lai W, Yin W, Hung Y, Shyu K, Hou J, Lam H, Laothavorn P, Kuanprasert S, Khovidhunkit W, Benjasuratwong Y, Chotinaiwattarakul C, Mamanasiri S, Suraamornkul S, Pratipanawatr T, Nitiyanant W, Heller S, Ray K, Pieters R, Strang C, Bodalia B, Middleton A, Hall T, Chapman G, Calvert J, Reed R, Tam D, Butcher G, Jones N, Takhar A, Turner W, McNally D, Corey O, Chapman J, Mohr S, Edwards S, Bhatt D, Ocampo A, Kandath D, Aude Y, Ervin W, 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P, Fendri S, Nazeyrollas P, Wendisch U, Busch K, Klausmann G, Duengen H, Appel K, Toursarkissian N, Jung T, Ott P, Schenkenberger I, Kuesters D, Landers B, Nischik R, Fischer H, Tschoepe D, Paschen B, Krause K, Derwahl K, Wenzl-Bauer V, Hamann A, Strotmann H, Milek K, Mueller S, Chu D, Tan K, Kung K, Tsang C, Tomlinson B, Koranyi L, Kerenyi Z, Benczur B, Illyes L, Hidvegi T, Somogyi A, Valco J, Ferenczi S, Rapi J, Voros P, Winkler G, Sydo T, Hetey M, Simon K, Penzes J, Kempler P, Bako B, Lengyel Z, Witmann I, Dudas M, Vandorfi G, Takacs J, Matoltsy A, Ladanyi E, Gyimesi A, Sadikot S, Parikh K, Jain S, Yajnik C, Sosale A, Shamanna P, Srikanta S, Shah S, Srinivas A, Banker D, Shah P, Sharda A, Makkar B, Rais N, Mardikar H, Mishra A, Bhupati S, Menon J, Sathe S, Gupta R, Sharma V, Darawsha M, Herskovits T, Hamoud S, Nikolsky E, Adawi F, Zimlichman R, Tsalihin D, Wainstein J, Klainman E, Mosseri M, Yerushalmi Y, Karnieli E, Knobler H, Benchetrit S, Tsur A, Yagil Y, Atar S, Beberashvili I, Fuchs S, Stern N, Pollak A, Chajek-Shaul T, Rozenman Y, Biton A, Bramucci E, Fiscella A, Grassia V, Piatti P, De Cosmo S, Di Lorenzo L, Merlini P, Mannucci E, Frontoni S, Trevisan R, Zenari L, Lambiase C, Salvioni A, Silvestri O, Ambrosio G, Di Bartolo P, Fattore L, Presbitero P, Calabrese M, Evola R, Gamba MA, Ibarra MOD, Munoz EC, Sanchez DR, Herrera CH, Rios JP, Llamas EB, Esperon GL, Cantu EG, Fragoso JN, Gonzalez JG, Martinez GR, Padilla FP, Mier GM, Marmolejo DH, Ruiz JG, Portilla NC, Rosas EL, Machado GM, Ramos JC, Briones IR, van Hessen MWJ, Strikwerda S, The SHK, Kooy A, Ronner E, Nierop PR, Remmen JJ, Groenemeijer BE, Hamer BJB, Basart DCG, van Lennep HWOR, Nieuwdorp M, van Dijk MPM, Kentgens S, van Kempen WW, Hoogendijk J, Spiering W, Voors-Pette C, Kose V, de Waard DEP, Gonkel F, Kaasjager HAH, Lingan GMR, Agous I, Kruik HJ, Imholz BPM, Pieterse M, Manrique H, Villena J, Leon L, Kundert K, Minchola J, Pinto M, Heredia J, Rodriguez A, Guerreros C, Berrospi P, Zubiate C, Allemant A, Arbanil H, Ponciano W, Calderon J, Lisson R, Segura L, Sidorowicz-Bialynicka A, Sciborski R, Fares I, Mader P, Skierkowska J, Stasinska T, Pomiecko W, Skorski M, Krzyzagorska E, Polaszewska-Muszynska M, Sowinski D, Strojek K, Rosinska-Migda J, Romanczuk P, Golebiowski G, Kubica J, Mazurek T, Wojnowski L, Pasternak D, Stachlewski P, Trzepla E, Bogdanowicz G, Uzunow A, Potakowska I, Miszczyszyn Z, Waszyrowski T, Smolenskaya O, Lukyanov Y, Vorokhobina N, Khalimov Y, Orlikova O, Rebrov A, Kukharchuk V, Boldueva S, Arkhipov M, Zhelninova T, Pavlysh E, Antsiferov M, Panov A, Pavlova M, Shustov S, Demchenko E, Galyavich A, Malakhina E, Semenova O, Kobalava Z, Kotova S, Gavrisheva I, Oschepkova E, Karpov Y, Sidorenko B, Kislyak O, Ametov A, Dreval A, Grineva E, Mkrtumyan A, Tyurina T, Sazonova O, Bonnici F, Ranjith N, Burgess L, Nortje H, Distiller L, Mitha I, Moore R, Conradie M, Horak A, Pillay S, Wellmann H, Berg E, Pillai P, Padayachee T, Corbett C, Makan H, Wing J, Vawda Z, Ebrahim I, Mitha E, Bhorat A, Fernandez JC, Munoz C, Cortada JB, Conde AC, Calvo C, Extremera BG, Delgado E, Masmiquel L, Puig JG, Parreno LD, Mauricio D, Redon J, Brito M, Lopez C, de la Morera JS, Linderfalk C, Larnefeldt H, Olsson A, Lonneborg L, Ekelund M, Samad B, Borgencrantz B, Nilsson J, Berglund O, Svensson M, Mooe T, Curiac D, Albin J, Angesjo E, Lannemyr O, Chiang C, Sheu W, Chen J, Tien K, Ueng K, Lai W, Yin W, Hung Y, Shyu K, Hou J, Lam H, Laothavorn P, Kuanprasert S, Khovidhunkit W, Benjasuratwong Y, Chotinaiwattarakul C, Mamanasiri S, Suraamornkul S, Pratipanawatr T, Nitiyanant W, Heller S, Ray K, Pieters R, Strang C, Bodalia B, Middleton A, Hall T, Chapman G, Calvert J, Reed R, Tam D, Butcher G, Jones N, Takhar A, Turner W, McNally D, Corey O, Chapman J, Mohr S, Edwards S, Bhatt D, Ocampo A, Kandath D, Aude Y, Ervin W, Savin V, Anderson R, Littlefield R, Oberoi M, Platt GE, Yazdani S, Mangoo-Karim R, Walder J, Gogia H, Chandrashekhar Y, Boccalandro F, Rogers W, Bilazarian S, Zieve F, Siage Y, O'Connor T, Mudaliar S, Nikas A, Giusti R, Glover R, Chilka S, French W, Roth E, Singh N, Christofferson R, Stich M, Dagogo-Jack S, Allison J, Zengotita GA, Ison R, Iteld B, Sulistio M, Gonzalez E, Gorman T, Hage-Korban E, Reddy R, Byars W, Antonishen M, Benjamin S, First B, Rosado J, Bruschetta H, Poling T, Rosendorff C, Kerstein HJ, Saba F, Willis J, Adams K, Vazquez EC, Ellison H, Kahn B, Kereiakes D, Powell S, Raskin P, Smith K, Varma S, Whittier F, Casanova R, Isserman S, Kaye W, McGuinn W, Bartkowiak A, Dworkin L, Labrador CA, Podlecki D, Popovtzer M, Aronoff S, Ballantyne C, Ortiz EG, Mora A, Pitts T, Reinhardt S, Soucie G, Wainwright W, Henson B, Sklaver N, Arakaki R, Brown J, Chalavarya G, Chochinov R, Dixon T, Kutner M, Perlman R, Raisinghani A, Salacata A, Awasty V, Elinoff V, George W, LaRochelle-Gryseels A, Mercado A, Miller G, Qureshi M, Steljes A, Wefald F, Wilson J, Chinn J, Chuang RB, Comulada-Rivera A, Hartman I, Narayan P, Pacheco T, Weiss R, Beavins J, Creevy J, Hamroff G, Hodson R, Kosinski E, Krichmar P, Patel R, Schneider R, Shapiro J, Sharp D, Speer J, Stegemoller R, Waxman F, Chang FY, Braun E, Eder F, Minor S, Albert M, Carr KW, Diaczok B, Gastman I, Gupta V, Longshaw K, Gonzalez-Campoy JM, Raikhel M, Thomas J, Wood K, Diab I, Furda J, Gelernt M, Halter M, House B, Kaster S, Raad G, Stamatin R, Barker B, Blonder R, Bloomberg RJ, Calderon RB, Carrol A, Comerota A, Feinglos M, Henderson D, Kastelic R, Stonesifer LD, Talano J, Lee PV, Brosseau J, Clark W, Cohen E, Fialkow J, Horton K, Kozman H, McGill J, Mihills C, Poonawala R, Shore K, Tejada L, Torres R, Wright W, Calatayud G, Chandna H, Drozdiak R, Fink R, Gill R, Glandt M, Gottlieb DW, Hack T, Kay J, Mansouri V, McKnight T, Mostel E, Schmidt L, Seide H, Sonel E, Taylor R, Velasquez M, Bretton E, Feldman R, Hartman A, Hershon K, Leach CR, Martin E, Mohiuddin F, Naygandhi Y, Riske T, Schima S, Uzoaga ER, Ward H, Weinstock R, Williams T, Altschuller A, Aoki T, Blumenthal S, Cash A, Eisner G, Gutmann J, Hagan M, Kabour A, Markus T, McKenzie W, Moursi M, Mystkowski P, Ovalle F, Perkins R, Popeil L, Saniuk R, Sierra Y, Alvarado O, Anderson J, Bajaj M, Blank R, Chu A, Levinsky L, Levy P, Osborne J, Pavon H, Sanderlin D, Schaer G, Zarich S, Atassi K, Bayron C, Casagrande M, Das D, Gimness M, Handel F, Kinstrey T, Leu S, Osei K, Nouel JS, Soltani Z, Sussman H, Chiu K, Duda R, Farnsworth K, Lano M, Lee F, Levin P, Pratt S, Richwine R, Ruiz-Rivera L, Turner J, Wood J, Zigrang WD, Baquerizo HR, Colon CB, Demattia J, Desai V, Fitz-Patrick D, Goral S, Odhav A, Prentiss A, Ruff C, Wu W, Wyne K, Abbott LG, Applegate R, Cabral J, Kotha P, Ortega P, and Simmons D

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The cardiovascular safety and efficacy of many current antihyperglycemic agents, including saxagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, are unclear. METHODS: We randomly assigned 16,492 patients with type 2 diabetes who had a history of, or were at risk for, cardiovascular events to receive saxagliptin or placebo and followed them for a median of 2.1 years. Physicians were permitted to adjust other medications, including antihyperglycemic agents. The primary end point was a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or ischemic stroke. RESULTS: A primary end-point event occurred in 613 patients in the saxagliptin group and in 609 patients in the placebo group (7.3% and 7.2%, respectively, according to 2-year Kaplan-Meier estimates; hazard ratio with saxagliptin, 1.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.89 to 1.12; P=0.99 for superiority; P<0.001 for noninferiority); the results were similar in the "on-treatment" analysis (hazard ratio, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.91 to 1.17). The major secondary end point of a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, hospitalization for unstable angina, coronary revascularization, or heart failure occurred in 1059 patients in the saxagliptin group and in 1034 patients in the placebo group (12.8% and 12.4%, respectively, according to 2-year Kaplan-Meier estimates; hazard ratio, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.94 to 1.11; P=0.66). More patients in the saxagliptin group than in the placebo group were hospitalized for heart failure (3.5% vs. 2.8%; hazard ratio, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.51; P=0.007). Rates of adjudicated cases of acute and chronic pancreatitis were similar in the two groups (acute pancreatitis, 0.3% in the saxagliptin group and 0.2% in the placebo group; chronic pancreatitis, <0.1% and 0.1% in the two groups, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: DPP-4 inhibition with saxagliptin did not increase or decrease the rate of ischemic events, though the rate of hospitalization for heart failure was

Published
2013

6. Saxagliptin and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Author

Scirica BM, Bhatt DL, Braunwald E, Steg PG, Davidson J, Hirshberg B, Ohman P, Frederich R, Wiviott SD, Hoffman EB, Cavender MA, Udell JA, Desai NR, Mosenzon O, McGuire DK, Ray KK, Leiter LA, Raz I, Desai N, Abrahamsen T, Grossman M, Morin S, Im K, Hoffman E, Gabovitch D, Pricken A, Buskila A, Stahre C, Price D, Billing-Clason S, Sabel K, Monyak J, Sjostrand M, Wei C, Lu J, Miller E, Raichlen J, Fitt S, Iqbal N, Donovan M, Davidson JA, Aguilar-Salinas C, Alvarsson M, Amerena J, Ardissino D, Averkov O, Avogaro A, Barnett A, Bretzel R, Chiang CE, Codoceo V, Corbalan R, Dalby A, Darius H, Deerochanawong C, Dellborg M, Eliaschewitz F, Garcia-Castillo A, Gomis R, Henry P, Hoekstra J, Jermendy G, Kastelein J, Keech A, Kiss R, Krempf M, Laakso M, Leiter L, Leitersdorf E, Lewis B, Litwak L, Lopez-Sendon J, Ma R, McGuire D, Medina F, Moses R, Nicolau JC, Opolski G, Ophuis TO, Paolasso E, Ruda M, Kumar KMP, Shestakova M, Sheu WHH, Smahelova A, Bhupathiraju BSR, Spinar J, Sritata P, Strojeck K, Villena-Chavez JE, Jia WP, Huo Y, Lowe C, Awtry E, Berger C, Desai AS, Gelfand E, Leeman D, Link M, Ruberg F, Vita J, Rost N, Silverman S, Greenberger NJ, Lerch MM, Gersh B, Nesto R, Del Prato S, Tuomilehto J, Kelsey S, Alvarisqueta A, Cuadrado J, Rista L, Hermida S, Baccaro C, Luquez C, Lagrutta M, Maffei L, Bartolacci I, Montana O, Cutuli H, Berli M, Lorenzatti A, Frechtel G, La Greca R, Fretes O, Diaz M, Papini NR, Farias E, Issa C, Elbert A, Lehman R, Arya M, Singh B, Colquhoun D, Jayasinghe R, de Looze F, Blombery P, Ward G, Szto G, Abhayaratna W, Borges J, Russo L, Felicio J, Santos F, Guimaraes F, Castro ML, Rossi P, Armaganijan D, Leaes P, Bandeira F, Franken M, Rassi N, Rea R, Zanella M, Amodeo C, Cesar L, Betti R, Chacra A, Schmid H, Bell A, Syan G, Zadra R, Conter H, Dumas R, Borts D, Dattani I, Poirier P, Cha J, Dzongowski P, Labonte R, St Pierre B, Gaudet D, Kouz S, Lamy A, Tishler S, Chehayeb R, Bedard J, Hramiak I, Teitelbaum I, Fortin C, Woo V, Conway J, Mehta P, Robinson S, Sussex B, Chiasson J, Muirhead N, Bose S, Ouellet A, Yale J, Bhargava R, Lau D, Tobe S, Perron P, Sigalas J, Bilodeau L, Tytus R, Achyuthan G, Pearce M, Steele A, Bailey G, Ma P, St-Maurice F, Rupka D, Houlden R, Bailey A, Rewa G, Sohal P, Ting R, Prieto J, Rodriguez M, Godoy G, Larenas G, Pincetti C, Cobos L, Saavedra V, Varleta P, Lucero F, Kuzmanic O, Acevedo M, Aguirre M, Florenzano F, Ma J, Bao Y, Jiang M, Xu W, Shi Y, Zheng M, Li Y, Dong Y, Zhao W, Sun M, Lei M, Wang J, Pistek Z, Rihacek I, Kucera D, Brada M, Naplava R, Karasova J, Vlasicova H, Skopecek J, Spinarova L, Raclavska L, Sarbochova R, Okenka L, Racicka E, Urbancova K, Oznerova M, Lorenc Z, Wasserburger B, Zahumensky E, Grunfeldova H, Hradec J, Lukac M, Svacina S, Podzimek J, Hemzsky L, Mikulkova I, Pavlickova J, Brychta T, Chochola J, Couffinhal T, Elbaz M, Petit C, Faller B, Marechaud R, Moulin P, Fendri S, Nazeyrollas P, Wendisch U, Busch K, Klausmann G, Duengen H, Appel K, Toursarkissian N, Jung T, Ott P, Schenkenberger I, Kuesters D, Landers B, Nischik R, Fischer H, Tschoepe D, Paschen B, Krause K, Derwahl K, Wenzl-Bauer V, Hamann A, Strotmann H, Milek K, Mueller S, Chu D, Tan K, Kung K, Tsang C, Tomlinson B, Koranyi L, Kerenyi Z, Benczur B, Illyes L, Hidvegi T, Somogyi A, Valco J, Ferenczi S, Rapi J, Voros P, Winkler G, Sydo T, Hetey M, Simon K, Penzes J, Kempler P, Bako B, Lengyel Z, Witmann I, Dudas M, Vandorfi G, Takacs J, Matoltsy A, Ladanyi E, Gyimesi A, Sadikot S, Parikh K, Jain S, Yajnik C, Sosale A, Shamanna P, Srikanta S, Shah S, Srinivas A, Banker D, Shah P, Sharda A, Makkar B, Rais N, Mardikar H, Mishra A, Bhupati S, Menon J, Sathe S, Gupta R, Sharma V, Darawsha M, Herskovits T, Hamoud S, Nikolsky E, Adawi F, Zimlichman R, Tsalihin D, Wainstein J, Klainman E, Mosseri M, Yerushalmi Y, Karnieli E, Knobler H, Benchetrit S, Tsur A, Yagil Y, Atar S, Beberashvili I, Fuchs S, Stern N, Pollak A, Chajek-Shaul T, Rozenman Y, Biton A, Bramucci E, Fiscella A, Grassia V, Piatti P, De Cosmo S, Di Lorenzo L, Merlini P, Mannucci E, Frontoni S, Trevisan R, Zenari L, Lambiase C, Salvioni A, Silvestri O, Ambrosio G, Di Bartolo P, Fattore L, Presbitero P, Calabrese M, Evola R, Gamba MA, Ibarra MOD, Munoz EC, Sanchez DR, Herrera CH, Rios JP, Llamas EB, Esperon GL, Cantu EG, Fragoso JN, Gonzalez JG, Martinez GR, Padilla FP, Mier GM, Marmolejo DH, Ruiz JG, Portilla NC, Rosas EL, Machado GM, Ramos JC, Briones IR, van Hessen MWJ, Strikwerda S, The SHK, Kooy A, Ronner E, Nierop PR, Remmen JJ, Groenemeijer BE, Hamer BJB, Basart DCG, van Lennep HWOR, Nieuwdorp M, van Dijk MPM, Kentgens S, van Kempen WW, Hoogendijk J, Spiering W, Voors-Pette C, Kose V, de Waard DEP, Gonkel F, Kaasjager HAH, Lingan GMR, Agous I, Kruik HJ, Imholz BPM, Pieterse M, Manrique H, Villena J, Leon L, Kundert K, Minchola J, Pinto M, Heredia J, Rodriguez A, Guerreros C, Berrospi P, Zubiate C, Allemant A, Arbanil H, Ponciano W, Calderon J, Lisson R, Segura L, Sidorowicz-Bialynicka A, Sciborski R, Fares I, Mader P, Skierkowska J, Stasinska T, Pomiecko W, Skorski M, Krzyzagorska E, Polaszewska-Muszynska M, Sowinski D, Strojek K, Rosinska-Migda J, Romanczuk P, Golebiowski G, Kubica J, Mazurek T, Wojnowski L, Pasternak D, Stachlewski P, Trzepla E, Bogdanowicz G, Uzunow A, Potakowska I, Miszczyszyn Z, Waszyrowski T, Smolenskaya O, Lukyanov Y, Vorokhobina N, Khalimov Y, Orlikova O, Rebrov A, Kukharchuk V, Boldueva S, Arkhipov M, Zhelninova T, Pavlysh E, Antsiferov M, Panov A, Pavlova M, Shustov S, Demchenko E, Galyavich A, Malakhina E, Semenova O, Kobalava Z, Kotova S, Gavrisheva I, Oschepkova E, Karpov Y, Sidorenko B, Kislyak O, Ametov A, Dreval A, Grineva E, Mkrtumyan A, Tyurina T, Sazonova O, Bonnici F, Ranjith N, Burgess L, Nortje H, Distiller L, Mitha I, Moore R, Conradie M, Horak A, Pillay S, Wellmann H, Berg E, Pillai P, Padayachee T, Corbett C, Makan H, Wing J, Vawda Z, Ebrahim I, Mitha E, Bhorat A, Fernandez JC, Munoz C, Cortada JB, Conde AC, Calvo C, Extremera BG, Delgado E, Masmiquel L, Puig JG, Parreno LD, Mauricio D, Redon J, Brito M, Lopez C, de la Morera JS, Linderfalk C, Larnefeldt H, Olsson A, Lonneborg L, Ekelund M, Samad B, Borgencrantz B, Nilsson J, Berglund O, Svensson M, Mooe T, Curiac D, Albin J, Angesjo E, Lannemyr O, Chiang C, Sheu W, Chen J, Tien K, Ueng K, Lai W, Yin W, Hung Y, Shyu K, Hou J, Lam H, Laothavorn P, Kuanprasert S, Khovidhunkit W, Benjasuratwong Y, Chotinaiwattarakul C, Mamanasiri S, Suraamornkul S, Pratipanawatr T, Nitiyanant W, Heller S, Ray K, Pieters R, Strang C, Bodalia B, Middleton A, Hall T, Chapman G, Calvert J, Reed R, Tam D, Butcher G, Jones N, Takhar A, Turner W, McNally D, Corey O, Chapman J, Mohr S, Edwards S, Bhatt D, Ocampo A, Kandath D, Aude Y, Ervin W, Savin V, Anderson R, Littlefield R, Oberoi M, Platt GE, Yazdani S, Mangoo-Karim R, Walder J, Gogia H, Chandrashekhar Y, Boccalandro F, Rogers W, Bilazarian S, Zieve F, Siage Y, O'Connor T, Mudaliar S, Nikas A, Giusti R, Glover R, Chilka S, French W, Roth E, Singh N, Christofferson R, Stich M, Dagogo-Jack S, Allison J, Zengotita GA, Ison R, Iteld B, Sulistio M, Gonzalez E, Gorman T, Hage-Korban E, Reddy R, Byars W, Antonishen M, Benjamin S, First B, Rosado J, Bruschetta H, Poling T, Rosendorff C, Kerstein HJ, Saba F, Willis J, Adams K, Vazquez EC, Ellison H, Kahn B, Kereiakes D, Powell S, Raskin P, Smith K, Varma S, Whittier F, Casanova R, Isserman S, Kaye W, McGuinn W, Bartkowiak A, Dworkin L, Labrador CA, Podlecki D, Popovtzer M, Aronoff S, Ballantyne C, Ortiz EG, Mora A, Pitts T, Reinhardt S, Soucie G, Wainwright W, Henson B, Sklaver N, Arakaki R, Brown J, Chalavarya G, Chochinov R, Dixon T, Kutner M, Perlman R, Raisinghani A, Salacata A, Awasty V, Elinoff V, George W, LaRochelle-Gryseels A, Mercado A, Miller G, Qureshi M, Steljes A, Wefald F, Wilson J, Chinn J, Chuang RB, Comulada-Rivera A, Hartman I, Narayan P, Pacheco T, Weiss R, Beavins J, Creevy J, Hamroff G, Hodson R, Kosinski E, Krichmar P, Patel R, Schneider R, Shapiro J, Sharp D, Speer J, Stegemoller R, Waxman F, Chang FY, Braun E, Eder F, Minor S, Albert M, Carr KW, Diaczok B, Gastman I, Gupta V, Longshaw K, Gonzalez-Campoy JM, Raikhel M, Thomas J, Wood K, Diab I, Furda J, Gelernt M, Halter M, House B, Kaster S, Raad G, Stamatin R, Barker B, Blonder R, Bloomberg RJ, Calderon RB, Carrol A, Comerota A, Feinglos M, Henderson D, Kastelic R, Stonesifer LD, Talano J, Lee PV, Brosseau J, Clark W, Cohen E, Fialkow J, Horton K, Kozman H, McGill J, Mihills C, Poonawala R, Shore K, Tejada L, Torres R, Wright W, Calatayud G, Chandna H, Drozdiak R, Fink R, Gill R, Glandt M, Gottlieb DW, Hack T, Kay J, Mansouri V, McKnight T, Mostel E, Schmidt L, Seide H, Sonel E, Taylor R, Velasquez M, Bretton E, Feldman R, Hartman A, Hershon K, Leach CR, Martin E, Mohiuddin F, Naygandhi Y, Riske T, Schima S, Uzoaga ER, Ward H, Weinstock R, Williams T, Altschuller A, Aoki T, Blumenthal S, Cash A, Eisner G, Gutmann J, Hagan M, Kabour A, Markus T, McKenzie W, Moursi M, Mystkowski P, Ovalle F, Perkins R, Popeil L, Saniuk R, Sierra Y, Alvarado O, Anderson J, Bajaj M, Blank R, Chu A, Levinsky L, Levy P, Osborne J, Pavon H, Sanderlin D, Schaer G, Zarich S, Atassi K, Bayron C, Casagrande M, Das D, Gimness M, Handel F, Kinstrey T, Leu S, Osei K, Nouel JS, Soltani Z, Sussman H, Chiu K, Duda R, Farnsworth K, Lano M, Lee F, Levin P, Pratt S, Richwine R, Ruiz-Rivera L, Turner J, Wood J, Zigrang WD, Baquerizo HR, Colon CB, Demattia J, Desai V, Fitz-Patrick D, Goral S, Odhav A, Prentiss A, Ruff C, Wu W, Wyne K, Abbott LG, Applegate R, Cabral J, Kotha P, Ortega P, Simmons D, General Internal Medicine, Vascular Medicine, Other departments, Scirica, B, Bhatt, D, Braunwald, E, Steg, P, Davidson, J, Hirshberg, B, Ohman, P, Frederich, R, Wiviott, S, Hoffman, E, Cavender, M, Udell, J, Desai, N, Mosenzon, O, Mcguire, D, Ray, K, Leiter, L, Raz, I, Abrahamsen, T, Grossman, M, Morin, S, Im, K, Gabovitch, D, Pricken, A, Buskila, A, Stahre, C, Price, D, Billing-Clason, S, Sabel, K, Monyak, J, Sjostrand, M, Wei, C, Lu, J, Miller, E, Raichlen, J, Fitt, S, Iqbal, N, Donovan, M, Aguilar-Salinas, C, Alvarsson, M, Amerena, J, Ardissino, D, Averkov, O, Avogaro, A, Barnett, A, Bretzel, R, Chiang, C, Codoceo, V, Corbalan, R, Dalby, A, Darius, H, Deerochanawong, C, Dellborg, M, Eliaschewitz, F, Garcia-Castillo, A, Gomis, R, Henry, P, Hoekstra, J, Jermendy, G, Kastelein, J, Keech, A, Kiss, R, Krempf, M, Laakso, M, Leitersdorf, E, Lewis, B, Litwak, L, Lopez-Sendon, J, Ma, R, Medina, F, Moses, R, Nicolau, J, Opolski, G, Ophuis, T, Paolasso, E, Ruda, M, Kumar, K, Shestakova, M, Sheu, W, Smahelova, A, Bhupathiraju, B, Spinar, J, Sritata, P, Strojeck, K, Villena-Chavez, J, Jia, W, Huo, Y, Lowe, C, Awtry, E, Berger, C, Desai, A, Gelfand, E, Leeman, D, Link, M, Ruberg, F, Vita, J, Rost, N, Silverman, S, Greenberger, N, Lerch, M, Gersh, B, Nesto, R, Del Prato, S, Tuomilehto, J, Kelsey, S, Alvarisqueta, A, Cuadrado, J, Rista, L, Hermida, S, Baccaro, C, Luquez, C, Lagrutta, M, Maffei, L, Bartolacci, I, Montana, O, Cutuli, H, Berli, M, Lorenzatti, A, Frechtel, G, La Greca, R, Fretes, O, Diaz, M, Papini, N, Farias, E, Issa, C, Elbert, A, Lehman, R, Arya, M, Singh, B, Colquhoun, D, Jayasinghe, R, de Looze, F, Blombery, P, Ward, G, Szto, G, Abhayaratna, W, Borges, J, Russo, L, Felicio, J, Santos, F, Guimaraes, F, Castro, M, Rossi, P, Armaganijan, D, Leaes, P, Bandeira, F, Franken, M, Rassi, N, Rea, R, Zanella, M, Amodeo, C, Cesar, L, Betti, R, Chacra, A, Schmid, H, Bell, A, Syan, G, Zadra, R, Conter, H, Dumas, R, Borts, D, Dattani, I, Poirier, P, Cha, J, Dzongowski, P, Labonte, R, St Pierre, B, Gaudet, D, Kouz, S, Lamy, A, Tishler, S, Chehayeb, R, Bedard, J, Hramiak, I, Teitelbaum, I, Fortin, C, Woo, V, Conway, J, Mehta, P, Robinson, S, Sussex, B, Chiasson, J, Muirhead, N, Bose, S, Ouellet, A, Yale, J, Bhargava, R, Lau, D, Tobe, S, Perron, P, Sigalas, J, Bilodeau, L, Tytus, R, Achyuthan, G, Pearce, M, Steele, A, Bailey, G, Ma, P, St-Maurice, F, Rupka, D, Houlden, R, Bailey, A, Rewa, G, Sohal, P, Ting, R, Prieto, J, Rodriguez, M, Godoy, G, Larenas, G, Pincetti, C, Cobos, L, Saavedra, V, Varleta, P, Lucero, F, Kuzmanic, O, Acevedo, M, Aguirre, M, Florenzano, F, Ma, J, Bao, Y, Jiang, M, Xu, W, Shi, Y, Zheng, M, Li, Y, Dong, Y, Zhao, W, Sun, M, Lei, M, Wang, J, Pistek, Z, Rihacek, I, Kucera, D, Brada, M, Naplava, R, Karasova, J, Vlasicova, H, Skopecek, J, Spinarova, L, Raclavska, L, Sarbochova, R, Okenka, L, Racicka, E, Urbancova, K, Oznerova, M, Lorenc, Z, Wasserburger, B, Zahumensky, E, Grunfeldova, H, Hradec, J, Lukac, M, Svacina, S, Podzimek, J, Hemzsky, L, Mikulkova, I, Pavlickova, J, Brychta, T, Chochola, J, Couffinhal, T, Elbaz, M, Petit, C, Faller, B, Marechaud, R, Moulin, P, Fendri, S, Nazeyrollas, P, Wendisch, U, Busch, K, Klausmann, G, Duengen, H, Appel, K, Toursarkissian, N, Jung, T, Ott, P, Schenkenberger, I, Kuesters, D, Landers, B, Nischik, R, Fischer, H, Tschoepe, D, Paschen, B, Krause, K, Derwahl, K, Wenzl-Bauer, V, Hamann, A, Strotmann, H, Milek, K, Mueller, S, Chu, D, Tan, K, Kung, K, Tsang, C, Tomlinson, B, Koranyi, L, Kerenyi, Z, Benczur, B, Illyes, L, Hidvegi, T, Somogyi, A, Valco, J, Ferenczi, S, Rapi, J, Voros, P, Winkler, G, Sydo, T, Hetey, M, Simon, K, Penzes, J, Kempler, P, Bako, B, Lengyel, Z, Witmann, I, Dudas, M, Vandorfi, G, Takacs, J, Matoltsy, A, Ladanyi, E, Gyimesi, A, Sadikot, S, Parikh, K, Jain, S, Yajnik, C, Sosale, A, Shamanna, P, Srikanta, S, Shah, S, Srinivas, A, Banker, D, Shah, P, Sharda, A, Makkar, B, Rais, N, Mardikar, H, Mishra, A, Bhupati, S, Menon, J, Sathe, S, Gupta, R, Sharma, V, Darawsha, M, Herskovits, T, Hamoud, S, Nikolsky, E, Adawi, F, Zimlichman, R, Tsalihin, D, Wainstein, J, Klainman, E, Mosseri, M, Yerushalmi, Y, Karnieli, E, Knobler, H, Benchetrit, S, Tsur, A, Yagil, Y, Atar, S, Beberashvili, I, Fuchs, S, Stern, N, Pollak, A, Chajek-Shaul, T, Rozenman, Y, Biton, A, Bramucci, E, Fiscella, A, Grassia, V, Piatti, P, De Cosmo, S, Di Lorenzo, L, Merlini, P, Mannucci, E, Frontoni, S, Trevisan, R, Zenari, L, Lambiase, C, Salvioni, A, Silvestri, O, Ambrosio, G, Di Bartolo, P, Fattore, L, Presbitero, P, Calabrese, M, Evola, R, Gamba, M, Ibarra, M, Munoz, E, Sanchez, D, Herrera, C, Rios, J, Llamas, E, Esperon, G, Cantu, E, Fragoso, J, Gonzalez, J, Martinez, G, Padilla, F, Mier, G, Marmolejo, D, Ruiz, J, Portilla, N, Rosas, E, Machado, G, Ramos, J, Briones, I, van Hessen, M, Strikwerda, S, The, S, Kooy, A, Ronner, E, Nierop, P, Remmen, J, Groenemeijer, B, Hamer, B, Basart, D, van Lennep, H, Nieuwdorp, M, van Dijk, M, Kentgens, S, van Kempen, W, Hoogendijk, J, Spiering, W, Voors-Pette, C, Kose, V, de Waard, D, Gonkel, F, Kaasjager, H, Lingan, G, Agous, I, Kruik, H, Imholz, B, Pieterse, M, Manrique, H, Villena, J, Leon, L, Kundert, K, Minchola, J, Pinto, M, Heredia, J, Rodriguez, A, Guerreros, C, Berrospi, P, Zubiate, C, Allemant, A, Arbanil, H, Ponciano, W, Calderon, J, Lisson, R, Segura, L, Sidorowicz-Bialynicka, A, Sciborski, R, Fares, I, Mader, P, Skierkowska, J, Stasinska, T, Pomiecko, W, Skorski, M, Krzyzagorska, E, Polaszewska-Muszynska, M, Sowinski, D, Strojek, K, Rosinska-Migda, J, Romanczuk, P, Golebiowski, G, Kubica, J, Mazurek, T, Wojnowski, L, Pasternak, D, Stachlewski, P, Trzepla, E, Bogdanowicz, G, Uzunow, A, Potakowska, I, Miszczyszyn, Z, Waszyrowski, T, Smolenskaya, O, Lukyanov, Y, Vorokhobina, N, Khalimov, Y, Orlikova, O, Rebrov, A, Kukharchuk, V, Boldueva, S, Arkhipov, M, Zhelninova, T, Pavlysh, E, Antsiferov, M, Panov, A, Pavlova, M, Shustov, S, Demchenko, E, Galyavich, A, Malakhina, E, Semenova, O, Kobalava, Z, Kotova, S, Gavrisheva, I, Oschepkova, E, Karpov, Y, Sidorenko, B, Kislyak, O, Ametov, A, Dreval, A, Grineva, E, Mkrtumyan, A, Tyurina, T, Sazonova, O, Bonnici, F, Ranjith, N, Burgess, L, Nortje, H, Distiller, L, Mitha, I, Moore, R, Conradie, M, Horak, A, Pillay, S, Wellmann, H, Berg, E, Pillai, P, Padayachee, T, Corbett, C, Makan, H, Wing, J, Vawda, Z, Ebrahim, I, Mitha, E, Bhorat, A, Fernandez, J, Munoz, C, Cortada, J, Conde, A, Calvo, C, Extremera, B, Delgado, E, Masmiquel, L, Puig, J, Parreno, L, Mauricio, D, Redon, J, Brito, M, Lopez, C, de la Morera, J, Linderfalk, C, Larnefeldt, H, Olsson, A, Lonneborg, L, Ekelund, M, Samad, B, Borgencrantz, B, Nilsson, J, Berglund, O, Svensson, M, Mooe, T, Curiac, D, Albin, J, Angesjo, E, Lannemyr, O, Chen, J, Tien, K, Ueng, K, Lai, W, Yin, W, Hung, Y, Shyu, K, Hou, J, Lam, H, Laothavorn, P, Kuanprasert, S, Khovidhunkit, W, Benjasuratwong, Y, Chotinaiwattarakul, C, Mamanasiri, S, Suraamornkul, S, Pratipanawatr, T, Nitiyanant, W, Heller, S, Pieters, R, Strang, C, Bodalia, B, Middleton, A, Hall, T, Chapman, G, Calvert, J, Reed, R, Tam, D, Butcher, G, Jones, N, Takhar, A, Turner, W, Mcnally, D, Corey, O, Chapman, J, Mohr, S, Edwards, S, Ocampo, A, Kandath, D, Aude, Y, Ervin, W, Savin, V, Anderson, R, Littlefield, R, Oberoi, M, Platt, G, Yazdani, S, Mangoo-Karim, R, Walder, J, Gogia, H, Chandrashekhar, Y, Boccalandro, F, Rogers, W, Bilazarian, S, Zieve, F, Siage, Y, O'Connor, T, Mudaliar, S, Nikas, A, Giusti, R, Glover, R, Chilka, S, French, W, Roth, E, Singh, N, Christofferson, R, Stich, M, Dagogo-Jack, S, Allison, J, Zengotita, G, Ison, R, Iteld, B, Sulistio, M, Gonzalez, E, Gorman, T, Hage-Korban, E, Reddy, R, Byars, W, Antonishen, M, Benjamin, S, First, B, Rosado, J, Bruschetta, H, Poling, T, Rosendorff, C, Kerstein, H, Saba, F, Willis, J, Adams, K, Vazquez, E, Ellison, H, Kahn, B, Kereiakes, D, Powell, S, Raskin, P, Smith, K, Varma, S, Whittier, F, Casanova, R, Isserman, S, Kaye, W, Mcguinn, W, Bartkowiak, A, Dworkin, L, Labrador, C, Podlecki, D, Popovtzer, M, Aronoff, S, Ballantyne, C, Ortiz, E, Mora, A, Pitts, T, Reinhardt, S, Soucie, G, Wainwright, W, Henson, B, Sklaver, N, Arakaki, R, Brown, J, Chalavarya, G, Chochinov, R, Dixon, T, Kutner, M, Perlman, R, Raisinghani, A, Salacata, A, Awasty, V, Elinoff, V, George, W, LaRochelle-Gryseels, A, Mercado, A, Miller, G, Qureshi, M, Steljes, A, Wefald, F, Wilson, J, Chinn, J, Chuang, R, Comulada-Rivera, A, Hartman, I, Narayan, P, Pacheco, T, Weiss, R, Beavins, J, Creevy, J, Hamroff, G, Hodson, R, Kosinski, E, Krichmar, P, Patel, R, Schneider, R, Shapiro, J, Sharp, D, Speer, J, Stegemoller, R, Waxman, F, Chang, F, Braun, E, Eder, F, Minor, S, Albert, M, Carr, K, Diaczok, B, Gastman, I, Gupta, V, Longshaw, K, Gonzalez-Campoy, J, Raikhel, M, Thomas, J, Wood, K, Diab, I, Furda, J, Gelernt, M, Halter, M, House, B, Kaster, S, Raad, G, Stamatin, R, Barker, B, Blonder, R, Bloomberg, R, Calderon, R, Carrol, A, Comerota, A, Feinglos, M, Henderson, D, Kastelic, R, Stonesifer, L, Talano, J, Lee, P, Brosseau, J, Clark, W, Cohen, E, Fialkow, J, Horton, K, Kozman, H, Mcgill, J, Mihills, C, Poonawala, R, Shore, K, Tejada, L, Torres, R, Wright, W, Calatayud, G, Chandna, H, Drozdiak, R, Fink, R, Gill, R, Glandt, M, Gottlieb, D, Hack, T, Kay, J, Mansouri, V, Mcknight, T, Mostel, E, Schmidt, L, Seide, H, Sonel, E, Taylor, R, Velasquez, M, Bretton, E, Feldman, R, Hartman, A, Hershon, K, Leach, C, Martin, E, Mohiuddin, F, Naygandhi, Y, Riske, T, Schima, S, Uzoaga, E, Ward, H, Weinstock, R, Williams, T, Altschuller, A, Aoki, T, Blumenthal, S, Cash, A, Eisner, G, Gutmann, J, Hagan, M, Kabour, A, Markus, T, Mckenzie, W, Moursi, M, Mystkowski, P, Ovalle, F, Perkins, R, Popeil, L, Saniuk, R, Sierra, Y, Alvarado, O, Anderson, J, Bajaj, M, Blank, R, Chu, A, Levinsky, L, Levy, P, Osborne, J, Pavon, H, Sanderlin, D, Schaer, G, Zarich, S, Atassi, K, Bayron, C, Casagrande, M, Das, D, Gimness, M, Handel, F, Kinstrey, T, Leu, S, Osei, K, Nouel, J, Soltani, Z, Sussman, H, Chiu, K, Duda, R, Farnsworth, K, Lano, M, Lee, F, Levin, P, Pratt, S, Richwine, R, Ruiz-Rivera, L, Turner, J, Wood, J, Zigrang, W, Baquerizo, H, Colon, C, Demattia, J, Desai, V, Fitz-Patrick, D, Goral, S, Odhav, A, Prentiss, A, Ruff, C, Wu, W, Wyne, K, Abbott, L, Applegate, R, Cabral, J, Kotha, P, Ortega, P, and Simmons, D

Subjects
Male, Adamantane, Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, Type 2 diabetes, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, Saxagliptin, chemistry.chemical_compound, 80 and over, glucose, saxagliptin, Aged, 80 and over, Medicine (all), Hazard ratio, 11 Medical And Health Sciences, General Medicine, Dipeptides, Middle Aged, Hospitalization, Cardiovascular Diseases, Female, Aged, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors, Double-Blind Method, Heart Failure, Humans, Hypoglycemia, Hypoglycemic Agents, Pancreatitis, Alogliptin, Type 2, medicine.drug, insulin, medicine.medical_specialty, General & Internal Medicine, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, medicine, Empagliflozin, Diabetes Mellitus, Intensive care medicine, glycosylated hemoglobin, business.industry, Semaglutide, SAVOR-TIMI 53 Steering Committee and Investigators, medicine.disease, chemistry, placebo, business
Abstract

BACKGROUND: The cardiovascular safety and efficacy of many current antihyperglycemic agents, including saxagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, are unclear. METHODS: We randomly assigned 16,492 patients with type 2 diabetes who had a history of, or were at risk for, cardiovascular events to receive saxagliptin or placebo and followed them for a median of 2.1 years. Physicians were permitted to adjust other medications, including antihyperglycemic agents. The primary end point was a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or ischemic stroke. RESULTS: A primary end-point event occurred in 613 patients in the saxagliptin group and in 609 patients in the placebo group (7.3% and 7.2%, respectively, according to 2-year Kaplan-Meier estimates; hazard ratio with saxagliptin, 1.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.89 to 1.12; P=0.99 for superiority; P

Published
2013

16. Papillary Fibroelastoma of Aortic and Mitral Valves Following Myectomy for Idiopathic Hypertrophic Subaortic Stenosis

Author

V. Srinivasan, S. Subramanian, John E. Fisher, D. R. Pieroni, R. L. Gingell, Levinsky L, and Joong H. Choh

Subjects
Adult, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Aortic valve, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic, medicine.disease, Heart Neoplasms, Heart neoplasms, medicine.anatomical_structure, Papillary fibroelastoma, Aortic Valve, Internal medicine, Mitral valve, Cardiology, medicine, Humans, Mitral Valve, Female, Surgery, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Aortic valve incompetence, Idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis
Published
1981
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17. Reconstruction of the new atrial septum in the Senning operation

Author

Levinsky L, S. Subramanian, V. Srinivasan, and Francisco Alvarez-Diaz

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Anterior margin, Atrial septum, Surgery, Transposition (music), Great arteries, Left atrial, cardiovascular system, Medicine, Balloon septostomy, cardiovascular diseases, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Senning operation
Abstract

A new technique incorporating the left atrial appendage for the reconstruction of the new atrial septum is described as a modification of the original Senning operation for transposition of the great arteries. In reconstruction of the atrial septal flap, the balloon septostomy defect is closed by approximating the inverted left atrial appendage to the anterior margin of the flap. This technique completely eliminates the necessity for foreign material in the repair of the new atrial septum of the Senning operation and has been used in 21 patients with good results.

Published
1981
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18. Senning repair with ductal decompression: Palliative approach to d-TGA and irreversible pulmonary vascular disease

Author

Robert L. Gingell, Joong H. Choh, Levinsky L, V. Srinivasan, John E. Fisher, S. Subramanian, and Daniel R. Pieroni

Subjects
Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Vascular disease, Decompression, Transposition of Great Vessels, Palliative Care, Infant, Pulmonary Artery, medicine.disease, Surgery, Pulmonary Veins, medicine, Humans, Vascular Diseases, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Ductus Arteriosus, Patent
Published
1983
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19. Anomalous Origin of the Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Trunk: Its Clinical Spectrum and Current Surgical Management

Author

Joong H. Choh, Idbeis B, Levinsky L, V. Srinivasan, and S. Subramanian

Subjects
Male, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronary Vessel Anomalies, Vein graft, Anastomosis, Transplantation, Autologous, Left coronary artery, medicine.artery, Internal medicine, Methods, Humans, Transplantation, Homologous, Medicine, Saphenous Vein, Pulmonary Trunk, Child, Ligation, Subclavian artery, Aorta, business.industry, Infant, Child, Preschool, Pulmonary artery, cardiovascular system, Cardiology, Female, Surgery, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract

An anomalous left coronary artery arising from the pulmonary artery is a rare congenital anomaly which carries a serious prognosis with a high mortality in infants. Our experience in the surgical treatment of 9 patients with this condition during the last 5 years is discussed. The majority of patients were under the age of 2 years and presented with left ventricular failure. Surgical procedures included simple ligation of the left coronary artery, left subclavian to left coronary artery anastomosis, interposition vein graft, and direct reimplantation of the left coronary artery into the aorta. Patients treated by simple ligation survived the procedure but did not show improvement. Results with the subclavian artery to left coronary artery anastomosis were disappointing. Direct reimplantation or interposition of a saphenous vein graft appears to be the method of choice.

Published
1980
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20. Dacron patch enlargement of anterior wall of left ventricle after aneurysmectomy with concomitant infarctectomy

Author

Levinsky, L., Arani, D.T., Raza, S.T., Kohn, R., and Schimert, G.

Abstract

The basis for left ventricular aneurysmectomy with cardiopulmonary bypass was established 20 years ago. There is a higher risk in patients who undergo operation within 2 months of myocardial infarction. In these patients there may be no clear demarcation between devitalized tissue and residual healthy myocardium. A case is reported in which anterolateral aneurysmectomy with concomitant infarctectomy so compromised left ventricular size that the anterolateral wall of the left ventricle had to be reconstructed with a Dacron patch graft.

Published
1979
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21. Vascular rings: management and a proposed nomenclature

Author

B. Idbeis, S. Subramanian, Levinsky L, and V. Srinivasan

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Diagnostic methods, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Aorta, Thoracic, Surgery, Full recovery, Child, Preschool, Terminology as Topic, Medicine, Humans, Female, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Surgical treatment, Nomenclature
Abstract

Over 18 years, 33 patients with congenital vascular rings underwent surgical treatment. All patients had full recovery except 1 who died late. At the one-month follow-up, 66.7% had complete relief of the presenting symptoms. Important aspects of the clinical picture, diagnostic methods, and treatment are presented. A coded nomenclature is proposed; we believe it to be accurate, inclusive, easy to remember, and readily referable to the embryological origin.

Published
1981

36. Perinatal outcomes and offspring long-term neuropsychiatric hospitalizations of mothers with anxiety disorder.

Author

Avraham L, Tamar W, Eyal S, and Gali P

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Cesarean Section statistics & numerical data, Child, Child, Preschool, Cohort Studies, Diabetes, Gestational epidemiology, Female, Gestational Age, Humans, Incidence, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Israel epidemiology, Male, Mothers psychology, Parturition, Pregnancy, Premature Birth epidemiology, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Anxiety Disorders epidemiology, Hospitalization statistics & numerical data, Neurodevelopmental Disorders epidemiology, Pregnancy Complications epidemiology, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects epidemiology
Abstract

Studies regarding the association between anxiety disorders and obstetrical and neonatal complications are inconclusive and sometimes contradictive. The aim of the present study was to assess perinatal outcome of mothers with anxiety disorder and to determine the association between maternal anxiety and long-term neuropsychiatric hospitalizations of the offspring. A hospital-based retrospective cohort study was conducted, comparing pregnancy complications and long-term neuropsychiatric hospitalizations of offspring of mothers with anxiety disorder, during or before the pregnancy and mothers without anxiety. All singleton deliveries between the years 1991 and 2014 in a tertiary medical center were included. To evaluate perinatal outcome of women with anxiety disorders, generalized estimation equation (GEE) models were used to control for confounders. A Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to compare cumulative incidence of long-term neuropsychiatric hospitalizations, and a Cox proportional hazards model was constructed to control for confounders. During the study period, 242,038 deliveries met the inclusion criteria, of them 0.1% (n = 304) were mothers with anxiety. Using GEE models, controlling for maternal age, maternal anxiety was noted as an independent risk factor for preterm delivery (adjusted OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.32-2.69; P < 0.001), hypertensive disorders (adjusted OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.08-2.69; P = 0.02) and cesarean delivery (adjusted OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.32-2.1; P < 0.001). Offspring born to mothers with anxiety disorders had higher rates of neuropsychiatric-related hospitalizations (6.3 vs 3.1% P = 0.002; Kaplan-Meier log-rank test P < 0.001). Using a Cox proportional hazards model, controlling for confounders such as maternal age, hypertensive disorders, gestational age, birth weight, and cesarean delivery, being born to a mother with anxiety disorders was found to be an independent risk factor for long-term neuropsychiatric hospitalizations of the offspring (adjusted HR 2.4, 95% CI 1.58-3.89; P < 0.001). Pregnancy of women with anxiety disorders is independently associated with adverse perinatal outcome and higher risk for long-term neuropsychiatric hospitalizations of the offspring.

Published
2020
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38. Late partial tamponade of the right atrium. A case report.

Author

Deviri E, Nili M, Levinsky L, Aygen M, Caspi A, and Levy MJ

Subjects
Adult, Cardiac Tamponade physiopathology, Echocardiography, Electrocardiography, Emergencies, Heart Atria, Heart Valve Diseases surgery, Humans, Male, Time Factors, Aortic Valve surgery, Cardiac Tamponade etiology, Postoperative Complications, Rheumatic Heart Disease surgery
Abstract

An unusual case of late partial tamponade of the right atrium is reported in a patient 35 days after aortic valve replacement. Chest x-rays, echocardiograms and ECG were not helpful. The diagnosis was made by emergency bedside right heart catheterization which showed a 7 cm H2O gradient between the junction of the superior vena cava and right atrium and also a 12 cm H2O pressure difference between the femoral vein and the right atrium with a normal capillary wedge pressure. Re-thoracotomy with evacuation of blood clots and control of bleeding points improved the hemodynamics dramatically. However the patient succumbed 3 weeks later due to irreversible brain damage. This is thought to be the first report of a late partial right atrial tamponade in the English medical literature.

Published
1987

39. Pregnancy after valve replacement with porcine xenograft prosthesis.

Author

Deviri E, Levinsky L, Yechezkel M, and Levy MJ

Subjects
Abortion, Induced, Abortion, Therapeutic, Adult, Anticoagulants therapeutic use, Aortic Valve surgery, Birth Weight, Female, Heart Failure etiology, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Mitral Valve surgery, Postoperative Complications etiology, Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular etiology, Tricuspid Valve surgery, Bioprosthesis, Heart Valve Diseases surgery, Heart Valve Prosthesis, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular therapy, Rheumatic Heart Disease surgery
Abstract

The course of 22 pregnancies in 11 women undergoing heart valve replacement with a porcine xenograft is reported. All of the pregnancies treated with warfarin were interrupted by induced abortion. Of the 11 pregnancies treated with dipyridamole which were not interrupted by induced abortion, fetal wastage occurred in five. There was no fetal wastage among three patients who were not treated by any kind of anticoagulant. A review of the literature revealed that fetal complications among patients with the mechanical prosthetic valve are significantly higher compared with patients with bioprosthetic valves. There was no maternal hemorrhagic or thromboembolic event in patients with bioprosthetic valves. Delivery after porcine xenograft insertion is safe provided that the patient is in good cardiac condition and does not require warfarin treatment.

Published
1985

40. Congenital diverticulum of the left atrium.

Author

Srinivasan V, Levinsky L, Idbeis B, Gingell RL, Pieroni DR, and Subramanian S

Abstract

Two cases of congenital diverticulum of the left atrial appendage are described. The first patient was a 3-year-old girl who had a cerebral embolism. The second patient was a 3(1/2)-year-old girl with signs of pericarditis. Treatment consisted of excising the diverticula. The limited literature on diverticulum of the left atrium as a congenital abnormality is also briefly reviewed.

Published
1980

41. The use of steroids as a potentiator of hypothermic myocardial preservation in man.

Author

Levinsky L, Schimert G, Lajos TZ, Lee AB Jr, Korenyi-Both A, Vladutiu A, Montes M, and Siegel JH

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Coronary Artery Bypass, Creatine Kinase blood, Humans, Lactates blood, Male, Middle Aged, Mitochondria, Heart pathology, Mitochondria, Heart ultrastructure, Myocardium pathology, Myocardium ultrastructure, Heart drug effects, Heart Arrest, Induced methods, Hypothermia, Induced, Methylprednisolone pharmacology
Published
1979
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42. Prosthetic valve replacement in infants and children.

Author

Schachner A, Salomon J, Levinsky L, Blieden LC, and Levy MJ

Subjects
Adolescent, Aortic Valve surgery, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Heart Valve Diseases congenital, Heart Valve Diseases surgery, Humans, Infant, Male, Mitral Valve surgery, Postoperative Complications, Rheumatic Heart Disease surgery, Heart Valve Prosthesis
Abstract

A review of 41 children from 10 months to 16 years of age who had a valve replacement between the years 1966 to 1981 is reported. Sixty-one per cent of the valve deformities were rheumatic and 39% congenital. Twenty-two children had the mitral valve replaced, 14 had an aortic valve and 5 had both aortic and mitral valve replacement. There was a hospital mortality of 9.7% and only one later death during a mean follow up period of 6.75 years. Three children have required a second mitral valve replacement. Thrombo-embolic episodes were encountered in 4 children. The special problems of valve replacement in infants and children are discussed.

Published
1984

43. Use of the Shaw Scalpel in pacemaker operations.

Author

Erdman S, Levinsky L, Strasberg B, Agmon J, and Levy MJ

Subjects
Diathermy adverse effects, Electrocardiography, Electrocoagulation, Hot Temperature, Humans, Hemostasis, Surgical instrumentation, Pacemaker, Artificial
Abstract

Pacemaker carriers are at risk when undergoing operations involving the use of diathermy. The Shaw Scalpel utilizes a method by which the cutting edge of the blade is heated to a selected temperature that seals blood vessels as they are cut. No electrical currents are passed to or through the patient and there is no sparking or electrical arcing to the tissue. This apparatus was used as the sole method of thermal coagulation in 20 patients undergoing replacement of pacemaker batteries.

Published
1985

44. Tracheobronchial resection and reconstruction. A report of five cases.

Author

Levinsky L and Levy MJ

Subjects
Adenoma surgery, Adult, Aged, Biopsy, Bronchi pathology, Bronchography, Bronchoscopy, Carcinoid Tumor surgery, Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic surgery, Female, Humans, Male, Methods, Middle Aged, Pneumonectomy, Postoperative Complications, Tomography, Tracheal Stenosis etiology, Tracheotomy adverse effects, Bronchi surgery, Bronchial Neoplasms surgery, Trachea surgery, Tracheal Stenosis surgery
Abstract

During the past six years, five patients have undergone tracheal or tracheobronchial reconstruction in our Department. In three patients, a segmental tracheal resection was performed because of post-tracheostomy stricture or cylindroma of the trachea. Two patients were treated for a carcinoid type of bronchial adenoma--one by sleeve resection of an intermediate bronchus and one by pneumonectomy with partial resection and reconstruction of part of the trachea. The exact location, length and nature of the lesions were demonstrated by endoscopy, tomography and tracheobronchography. The surgical and anesthetic problems associated with tracheobronchial reconstruction are discussed.

Published
1975

46. Sarcoidosis in Europe: a cooperative study.

Author

Levinsky L, Cummiskey J, Romer FK, Wurm K, Buss J, Dörken H, Steinbrück P, Zaumseil P, Jaroszewicz W, Mándi L, Szegedy G, Centea A, Burikova T, Blasi A, Olivieri D, Mariani B, Bisetti A, Goldman S, Djuric B, Lazarou P, and Celikoğlu SI

Subjects
Adult, Europe, Female, Humans, Male, Sarcoidosis epidemiology
Abstract

The data on the epidemiologic situation of sarcoidosis from 24 countries of Europe have been reviewed. The new facts seem to demonstrate that the differences between the frequency of this disease in the north and south are not real. The actual situation is dependent on the general knowledge of this disease and on the extent and intensity of the active detection of its asymptomatic stage. A new prospective cooperative study of the yearly incidence of all forms of sarcoidosis in the total population of at least some European countries would be desirable.

Published
1976
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47. Myocardial protection in infant open heart surgery.

Author

Schachner A, Vladutiu A, Montes M, Koreyni-Both A, Levinsky L, Levy MJ, and Subramanian S

Subjects
Creatine Kinase blood, Female, Humans, Infant, Isoenzymes, Male, Microscopy, Electron, Myocardium pathology, Postoperative Complications pathology, Potassium administration & dosage, Heart Arrest, Induced methods, Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular surgery, Hypothermia, Induced methods, Myocardium enzymology, Tetralogy of Fallot surgery
Abstract

Myocardial protection was evaluated in 2 groups of 5 infants each undergoing correction of either tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) or subcristal ventricular septal defect (VSD). In group A, profound hypothermia and total circulatory arrest (PHTCA) was utilized. In group B, profound hypothermia and total circulatory arrest combined with potassium cardioplegia (PHTCA + K) was the method of protection used. The analysis was carried out by sequential measurements of clinical, electrocardiographic, enzymatic (CK-MB) and ultrastructural parameters. There were no operative deaths. One infant had a second operation for recurrent VSD. The average anoxic time was 35.4 min in group A (PHTCA) and 32.6 min in group B (PHTCA + K). Analysis of our data demonstrated that when potassium cardioplegia was added to PHTCA, there was less intraoperative myocardial damage according to physiological, ultrastructural and biochemical parameters than when profound hypothermia and total circulatory arrest was applied alone.

Published
1983
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48. Vascular rings: management and a proposed nomenclature.

Author

Idbeis B, Levinsky L, Srinivasan V, and Subramanian S

Subjects
Aorta, Thoracic surgery, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Aorta, Thoracic abnormalities, Terminology as Topic
Abstract

Over 18 years, 33 patients with congenital vascular rings underwent surgical treatment. All patients had full recovery except 1 who died late. At the one-month follow-up, 66.7% had complete relief of the presenting symptoms. Important aspects of the clinical picture, diagnostic methods, and treatment are presented. A coded nomenclature is proposed; we believe it to be accurate, inclusive, easy to remember, and readily referable to the embryological origin.

Published
1981
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49. Dissecting aortic aneurysm in pregnant women without Marfan disease.

Author

Snir E, Levinsky L, Salomon J, Findler M, Levy MJ, and Vidne BA

Subjects
Acute Disease, Adult, Aortic Dissection diagnosis, Aortic Dissection etiology, Aorta, Aortic Aneurysm diagnosis, Aortic Aneurysm etiology, Cesarean Section, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular diagnosis, Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular etiology, Aortic Dissection surgery, Aortic Aneurysm surgery, Marfan Syndrome, Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular surgery
Abstract

Dissection of the young women without Marfan disease is related, in most instances, to pregnancy. The structural changes in the arterial wall that occur during pregnancy may predispose women to this complication of pregnancy. In this study, two young women, who had none of the characteristics of Marfan's syndrome, were operated upon for dissection of the ascending aorta. The first patient was in the 35th week of gestation and a cesarean section was performed prior to replacement of the ascending aorta. In the second patient, diagnosis of dissection and severe aortic regurgitation occurred in the postpartum period. Knowledge of this albeit relatively rare complication of pregnancy may assist the clinician in diagnosing and referring patients early for surgical treatment that, in most instances, may save the lives of both mother and fetus.

Published
1988

50. Coarctation of the aorta in infancy.

Author

Levy MJ, Levinsky L, Deviri E, Hauptman E, and Blieden LC

Abstract

Twenty-five infants under 1 year of age (mean weight 3.4 kg) underwent repair of coarctation of the aorta between the years 1965 and 1982. Three patients had coarctation only, three had coarctation with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), and 19 had associated intracardiac anomalies. Eleven patients underwent resection of the aorta and end-to-end anastomosis. Eight had subclavian flap arterioplasty, five had patch graft arterioplasty, and one had subclavian-to-aortic anastomosis. Additional procedures were performed on seven patients: banding of the pulmonary artery on one, repair of total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage on one, mitral valve replacement on one, aortic valvotomy on one, and aortic valvotomy plus pulmonary artery banding on one. Twenty-one survived the operation. All patients who died had associated intracardiac anomalies. The 21 survivors have been followed from 3 months to 13 years, with three late deaths that were associated with intracardiac anomalies. Five of the survivors underwent additional second operations: one had repair of the re-coarctation, one had replacement of the prosthetic mitral valve, one had aortic valvotomy, and two had pulmonary artery debanding and closure of a ventricular septal defect. Two of the 18 surviving patients have mild hypertension associated with a residual gradient. The others are in good health.

Published
1983

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