Ghazale, Hussein, Ripoll, Chantal, Leventoux, Nicolas, Jacob, Laurent, Azar, Safa, Mamaeva, Daria, Glasson, Yael, Calvo, Charles-Félix, Thomas, Jean-Léon, Meneceur, Sarah, Lallemand, Yvan, Rigau, Valérie, Perrin, Florence, Noristani, Harun, Rocamonde, Brenda, Huillard, Emmanuelle, Bauchet, Luc, Hugnot, Jean-Philippe, Hôpital Saint Eloi (CHRU Montpellier), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier (INM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut du Cerveau = Paris Brain Institute (ICM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en biologie (CIRB), Labex MemoLife, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut] (YSM), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Cellules Souches et Développement / Stem Cells and Development, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Montpellier, Université de Montpellier (UM), This work was supported by grants from IRP (Switzerland), IRME (France), AFM (France), ANR EU ERANET Neuroniche (J.-P.H.), and ANR Brainwash (J.-L.T., L.J.). H.G. was supported by an AFM PhD fellowship, We thank all Montpellier biocampus facilities for help (RHEM, MRI RIO, RAM) and excellent technical work. We are very grateful to Dr. H Boukhaddaoui (imaging), Dr. C Duperray (cytometry), M. Maistre (laser microdissection facilities, Bordeaux), V. Pantesco (Affymetrix facilities), and M. Goussard/P. Guigue (animals) for providing technical expertise in this work. We warmly thank Prof. Morohashi (Kyushu University, Japan) for anti-Arx antibody. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest regarding the publication of this article., ANR-17-CE14-0005,BrainWash,Drainage lymphatique, recirculation immunitaire et réparation neuronale après un accident cérébrovasculaire(2017), ANR-16-NEU3-0001,NEURONICHE,Spinal cord repair from endogenous stem cells in the spinal niche(2016), Gestionnaire, Hal Sorbonne Université, Drainage lymphatique, recirculation immunitaire et réparation neuronale après un accident cérébrovasculaire - - BrainWash2017 - ANR-17-CE14-0005 - AAPG2017 - VALID, Spinal cord repair from endogenous stem cells in the spinal niche - - NEURONICHE2016 - ANR-16-NEU3-0001 - ERANET NEURON III - VALID, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Perrin, Florence, Mécanismes moléculaires dans les démences neurodégénératives (MMDN), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), CHU Saint-Eloi, Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier - Déficits sensoriels et moteurs (INM), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Yale University School of Medicine, Institut Pasteur [Paris], and Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Summary: Anamniotes, rodents, and young humans maintain neural stem cells in the ependymal zone (EZ) around the central canal of the spinal cord, representing a possible endogenous source for repair in mammalian lesions. Cell diversity and genes specific for this region are ill defined. A cellular and molecular resource is provided here for the mouse and human EZ based on RNA profiling, immunostaining, and fluorescent transgenic mice. This uncovered the conserved expression of 1,200 genes including 120 transcription factors. Unexpectedly the EZ maintains an embryonic-like dorsal-ventral pattern of expression of spinal cord developmental transcription factors (ARX, FOXA2, MSX1, and PAX6). In mice, dorsal and ventral EZ cells express Vegfr3 and are derived from the embryonic roof and floor plates. The dorsal EZ expresses a high level of Bmp6 and Gdf10 genes and harbors a subpopulation of radial quiescent cells expressing MSX1 and ID4 transcription factors. : A niche of stem cells is present around the central canal of the adult spinal cord. A better description of cell diversity and genes expressed in this niche may help to use it to promote spinal cord regeneration after lesions. In this article, based on several techniques, Ghazale and colleagues provide a cellular and molecular resource for the adult human and mouse stem cell niches. Keywords: spinal cord, niche, neural stem cells, regionalization, ependyma, ependymal cells, radial glial cells, transcription factors, Msx1, roof plate, floor plate